Leaves of Grass (1867)

  ppp.00473.001.jpg LEAVES 
  OF 
  GRASS. New-York. 1867.   ppp.00473.002.jpg ENTERED according to Act of Congress, in the year 1866, by WALT WHITMAN, in the Clerk's Office of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York. WM. E. CHAPIN & CO, Printers, 24 Beekman Street, New York.   ppp.00473.003.jpg

CONTENTS.

	PAGE.
Inscription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	5
Starting from Paumanok . . . . . . . .	8
Walt Whitman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	23
CHILDREN OF ADAM.
To the Garden, the World . . . . . . .	95
From Pent-Up Aching Rivers . . .	—
I Sing the Body Electric . . . . . . . .	98
A Woman Waits for Me . . . . . . . . .	108
Spontaneous Me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	110
One Hour to Madness and Joy . .	112
We Two, how long we were fool'd	114
Native Moments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	115
Once I Pass'd through a Populous    City . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Facing West from California's    Shores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	116
Ages and Ages, Returning at In-   tervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
O Hymen! O Hymenee! . . . . . . . .	117
I am He that Aches with Love . .	—
As Adam, Early in the Morning .	—
Excelsior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	118
CALAMUS.
In Paths Untrodden . . . . . . . . . . . .	119
Scented Herbage of my Breast . . .	120
Whoever you are Holding Me    now in Hand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	122
These, I, Singing in Spring . . . . .	124
A Song . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	125
Not Heaving from my Ribb'd    Breast only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	126
Of the Terrible Doubt of Appear-   ances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	127
Recorders Ages Hence . . . . . . . . . .	128
When I Heard at the Close of the    day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Are you the New Person Drawn    Toward me? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	129
Roots and Leaves Themselves    Alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	130
Not Heat Flames up and Con-   sumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	131
Trickle, Drops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Of Him I love Day and Night . . .	132
City of Orgies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	133
Behold this Swarthy Face . . . . . . .	—
I saw in Louisiana a Live-Oak    Growing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	134
That Music Always Round Me . .	—
To a Stranger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	135
This Moment, Yearning and    Thoughtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	136
I Hear it was Charged Against Me	136
The Prairie-Grass Dividing . . . . .	137
We Two Boys Together Clinging	—
O Living Always—Always Dying	138
When I Peruse the Conquer'd    Fame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
A Glimpse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
A Promise to California . . . . . . . . .	139
Here, Sailor! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Here the Frailest Leaves of Me . .	140
What Think you, I take my Pen    in Hand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
No Labor-Saving Machine . . . . . .	—
I Dream'd in a Dream . . . . . . . . . . .	141
To the East and to the West . . . .	—
Earth, my Likeness . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
A Leaf for Hand in Hand . . . . . . .	142
Fast Anchor'd, Eternal . . . . . . . . .	—
Sometimes, with One I Love . . . .	—
That Shadow, my Likeness . . . . .	143
Among the Multitude . . . . . . . . . . .	—
To a Western Boy . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
O You whom I often and Silently    Come . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	144
Full of Life, Now . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Salut au Monde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	145
What Place is Besieged? . . . . . . . .	158
LEAVES OF GRASS.
"There was a child went forth" .	159
"Myself and mine gymnastic    ever" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	161
"Who learns my lesson com-   plete!" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	163
"Whoever you are, I fear," &c . .	165
Beginners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	168
Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Perfections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Song of the Broad-Axe . . . . . . . . . .	169
With Antecedents . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	182
Savantism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	184
Crossing Brooklyn Ferry . . . . . . . .	185
To a Foil'd Revolter or Revoltress	193
To get Betimes in Boston Town .	195
To a Common Prostitute . . . . . . . .	197
To a Pupil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	198
To Rich Givers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
A Word Out of the Sea . . . . . . . . . .	199
A Leaf of Faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	207
Stronger Lessons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	211
Europe, the 72d and 73d years of    These States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	212
Thought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	214

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	PAGE.
The Runner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	214
To the Sayers of Words . . . . . . . . .	215
Longings for Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	222
To a President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	224
Walt Whitman's Caution . . . . . . .	—
To Other Lands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Song of the Open Road . . . . . . . . . .	225
To the States, to Identify the    16th,17th, or 18th Presiden-   tiad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	238
To a Certain Cantatrice . . . . . . . . .	—
To Workingmen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	239
Debris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	248
LEAVES OF GRASS.
"O hastening light!" . . . . . . . . . .	249
"Tears! tears! tears!" . . . . . . . . .	—
"Aboard at a ship's helm," . . . . .	250
American Feuillage . . . . . . . . . . . .	251
Mannahatta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	257
To You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	258
France, the 18th Year of These    States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	259
A Hand-Mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	260
THOUGHTS.
"Of the visages of things" . . . .	261
"Of waters, forests, hills" . . . . . .	—
"Of persons arrived at high po-   sitions," . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	262
"Of ownership." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
"As I sit with others, at a great    feast" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
"Of what I write from myself" .	263
"Of obedience, faith, adhesive-   ness" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
To Him that was Crucified . . . . . .	264
To Old Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
To One Shortly to Die . . . . . . . . . .	265
To You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Unnamed Lands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	266
Kosmos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	267
When I read the Book . . . . . . . . .	268
Says . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	269
Despairing Cries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	270
Picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Poems of Joy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	271
Respondez! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	280
The City Dead-House . . . . . . . . . .	284
Leaflets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
LEAVES OF GRASS.
"Think of the Soul" . . . . . . . . . . .	285
"Unfolded out of the folds of    the woman" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	286
"Night on the prairies" . . . . . . . .	287
"The world below the brine" . . .	288
"I sit and look out upon all the    sorrows of the world" . . . . . .	289
Visor'd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Not the Pilot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	290
As if a Phantom Caress'd Me . . .	—
Great are the Myths . . . . . . . . . . . .	291
Morning Romanza . . . . . . . . . . . . .	294
Burial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	298
This Compost! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	306
I hear America Singing . . . . . . . . .	308
Manhattan's streets I saunter'd .	309
I was Looking a Long While . . . .	312
The Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	313
LEAVES OF GRASS.
"On the beach at night alone" .	315
"To oratists—to male and fe-   male" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
"Laws for Creations" . . . . . . . . . . .	317
"Poets to come!" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
Me Imperturbe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	318
Sleep-Chasings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	319
Elemental Drifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	331
Miracles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	335
You Felons on Trial in Courts . .	336
Mediums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	337
Now Lift me Close . . . . . . . . . . . . .	338

DRUM-TAPS.

See Table of Contents prefixed.

SONGS BEFORE PARTING.

See Table of Contents prefixed.

  ppp.00473.005.jpg

INSCRIPTION.

SMALL is the theme of the following Chant, yet the  
 greatest—namely, ONE'S-SELF—that wondrous  
 thing, a simple, separate person. That, for the  
 use of the New World, I sing. Man's physiology complete, from top to toe, I sing. Not  
 physiognomy alone, nor brain alone, is worthy for  
 the muse;—I say the Form complete is worthier  
 far. The female equally with the male, I sing. Nor cease at the theme of One's-Self. I speak the word  
 of the modern, the word EN-MASSE. My Days I sing, and the Lands—with interstice I knew  
 of hapless War. O friend, whoe'er you are, at last arriving hither to com- 
 mence, I feel through every leaf the pressure of  
 your hand, which I return. And thus upon our  
 journey link'd together let us go.

  ppp.00473.007.jpg

STARTING FROM PAUMANOK.

1

¹STARTING from fish-shape Paumanok, where I was  
 born, Well-begotten, and rais'd by a perfect mother; After roaming many lands—lover of populous pave- 
 ments; Dweller in Mannahatta, city of ships, my city—or on  
 southern savannas; Or a soldier camp'd, or carrying my knapsack and gun  
 —or a miner in California; Or rude in my home in Dakotah's woods, my diet  
 meat, my drink from the spring; Or withdrawn to muse and meditate in some deep  
 recess, Far from the clank of crowds, intervals passing, rapt  
 and happy; Aware of the fresh free giver, the flowing Missouri—  
 aware of mighty Niagara; Aware of the buffalo herds, grazing the plains—the  
 hirsute and strong-breasted bull; Of earths, rocks, Fifth-month flowers, experienced—  
 stars, rain, snow, my amaze; Having studied the mocking-bird's tones, and the  
 mountain hawk's, And heard at dusk the unrival'd one, the hermit  
 thrush from the swamp-cedars, Solitary, singing in the West, I strike up for a New  
 World.   [ begin page 8 ]ppp.00473.008.jpg

2

²Victory, union, faith, identity, time, Yourself, the present and future lands, the indissolu- 
 ble compacts, riches, mystery, Eternal progress, the kosmos, and the modern reports. ³This, then, is life; Here is what has come to the surface after so many  
 throes and convulsions. ⁴How curious! how real! Under foot the divine soil—over head the sun. ⁵See, revolving, the globe; The ancestor-continents, away, group'd together; The present and future continents, north and south, 
 with the isthmus between. ⁶See, vast, trackless spaces; As in a dream, they change, they swiftly fill; Countless masses debouch upon them; They are now cover'd with the foremost people, arts, 
 institutions, known. ⁷See, projected, through time, For me, an audience interminable. ⁸With firm and regular step they wend—they never  
 stop, Successions of men, Americanos, a hundred millions; One generation playing its part, and passing on, Another generation playing its part, and passing on in  
 its turn, With faces turn'd sideways or backward towards me, 
 to listen, With eyes retrospective towards me.   [ begin page 9 ]ppp.00473.009.jpg

3

⁹Americanos! Conquerors! marches humanitarian; Foremost! century marches! Libertad! masses! For you a programme of chants. ¹⁰Chants of the prairies; Chants of the long-running Mississippi, and down to  
 the Mexican sea; Chants of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin and  
 Minnesota; Chants going forth from the centre, from Kansas, and  
 thence, equi-distant, Shooting in pulses of fire, ceaseless, to vivify all.

4

¹¹In the Year 80 of The States, My tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this  
 soil, this air, Born here of parents born here, from parents the same, 
 and their parents the same, I, now thirty-six years old, in perfect health, begin, Hoping to cease not till death. ¹²Creeds and schools in abeyance, (Retiring back a while, sufficed at what they are, but  
 never forgotten,) I harbor, for good or bad—I permit to speak, at every  
 hazard, Nature now without check, with original energy.

5

¹³Take my leaves, America! take them South, and  
 take them North! Make welcome for them everywhere, for they are your  
 own offspring; Surround them, East and West! for they would sur- 
 round you; And you precedents! connect lovingly with them, for  
 they connect lovingly with you.   [ begin page 10 ]ppp.00473.010.jpg ¹⁴I conn'd old times; I sat studying at the feet of the great masters: Now, if eligible, O that the great masters might re- 
 turn and study me! ¹⁵In the name of These States, shall I scorn the  
 antique? Why these are the children of the antique, to jus- 
 tify it.

6

¹⁶Dead poets, philosophs, priests, Martyrs, artists, inventors, governments long since, Language-shapers, on other shores, Nations once powerful, now reduced, withdrawn, or  
 desolate, I dare not proceed till I respectfully credit what you  
 have left, wafted hither : I have perused it—own it is admirable, (moving  
 awhile among it;) Think nothing can ever be greater—nothing can ever  
 deserve more than it deserves; Regarding it all intently a long while, then dismiss- 
 ing it, I stand in my place, with my own day, here. ¹⁷Here lands female and male; Here the heirship and heiress-ship of the world—here  
 the flame of materials; Here Spirituality, the translatress, the openly-avow'd, The ever-tending, the finale of visible forms; The satisfier, after due long-waiting, now advancing, Yes, here comes my mistress, the Soul.

7

¹⁸The SOUL! Forever and forever—longer than soil is brown and  
 solid—longer than water ebbs and flows.   ppp.00473.011.jpg ¹⁹I will make the poems of materials, for I think they  
 are to be the most spiritual poems; And I will make the poems of my body and of mor- 
 tality, For I think I shall then supply myself with the poems  
 of my Soul, and of immortality. ²⁰I will make a song for These States, that no one  
 State may under any circumstances be sub- 
 jected to another State; And I will make a song that there shall be comity by  
 day and by night between all The States, and  
 between any two of them; And I will make a song for the ears of the President, 
 full of weapons with menacing points, And behind the weapons countless dissatisfied faces : And a song make I, of the One form'd out of all; The fang'd and glittering One whose head is over all; Resolute, warlike One, including and over all; (However high the head of any else, that head is over all.) ²¹I will acknowledge contemporary lands; I will trail the whole geography of the globe, and sa- 
 lute courteously every city large and small; And employments! I will put in my poems, that with  
 you is heroism, upon land and sea—And I will  
 report all heroism from an American point of  
 view; And sexual organs and acts! do you concentrate in  
 me—for I am determin'd to tell you with cour- 
 ageous clear voice, to prove you illustrious. ²²I will sing the song of companionship; I will show what alone must finally compact These; I believe These are to found their own ideal of  
 manly love, indicating it in me; I will therefore let flame from me the burning fires  
 that were threatening to consume me;   [ begin page 12 ]ppp.00473.012.jpg I will lift what has too long kept down those smoul- 
 dering fires; I will give them complete abandonment; I will write the evangel-poem of comrades and of love; (For who but I should understand love, with all its sorrow and joy? And who but I should be the poet of comrades?)

8

²³I am the credulous man of qualities, ages, races; I advance from the people en-masse in their own  
 spirit; Here is what sings unrestricted faith. ²⁴Omnes! Omnes! let others ignore what they may; I make the poem of evil also—I commemorate that  
 part also; I am myself just as much evil as good, and my nation  
 is—And I say there is in fact no evil, (Or if there is, I say it is just as important to you, to  
 the land, or to me, as anything else.) ²⁵I too, following many, and follow'd by many, inau- 
 gurate a Religion—I too go to the wars; (It may be I am destin'd to utter the loudest cries  
 thereof, the winner's pealing shouts; Who knows? they may rise from me yet, and soar  
 above every thing.) ²⁶Each is not for its own sake; I say the whole earth, and all the stars in the sky, are  
 for Religion's sake. ²⁷I say no man has ever yet been half devout enough None has ever yet adored or worship'd half enough;   ppp.00473.013.jpg None has begun to think how divine he himself is, and  
 how certain the future is. ²⁸I say that the real and permanent grandeur of  
 These States must be their religion; Otherwise there is no real and permanent grandeur; (Nor character, nor life worthy the name, without Re- 
 ligion; Nor land, nor man or woman, without Religion.)

9

²⁹What are you doing, young man? Are you so earnest—so given up to literature, science, 
 art, amours? These ostensible realities, politics, points? Your ambition or business, whatever it may be? ³⁰It is well—Against such I say not a word—I am  
 their poet also; But behold! such swiftly subside—burnt up for Re- 
 ligion sake; For not all matter is fuel to heat, impalpable flame, 
 the essential life of the earth, Any more than such are to Religion.

10

³¹What do you seek, so pensive and silent? What do you need, Camerado? Dear son! do you think it is love? ³²Listen, dear son—listen, America, daughter or son! It is a painful thing to love a man or woman to ex- 
 cess—and yet it satisfies—it is great; But there is something else very great—it makes the  
 whole coincide; It, magnificent, beyond materials, with continuous  
 hands, sweeps and provides for all.   ppp.00473.014.jpg

11

³³Know you! to drop in the earth the germs of a  
 greater Religion, The following chants, each for its kind, I sing. ³⁴My comrade! For you, to share with me, two greatnesses—and a  
 third one, rising inclusive and more resplen- 
 dent, The greatness of Love and Democracy—and the  
 greatness of Religion. ³⁵Melange mine own! the unseen and the seen; Mysterious ocean where the streams empty; Prophetic spirit of materials shifting and flickering  
 around me; Living beings, identities, now doubtless near us, in the air, that we know not of; Contact daily and hourly that will not release me; These selecting—these, in hints, demanded of me. ³⁶Not he, with a daily kiss, onward from childhood  
 kissing me, Has winded and twisted around me that which holds  
 me to him, Any more than I am held to the heavens, to the spir- 
 itual world, And to the identities of the Gods, my lovers, faithful  
 and true, After what they have done to me, suggesting themes. ³⁷O such themes! Equalities! O amazement of things! O divine average! O warblings under the sun—usher'd, as now, or at  
 noon, or setting! O strain, musical, flowing through ages—now reach- 
 ing hither, I take to your reckless and composite chords—I add  
 to them, and cheerfully pass them forward.   [ begin page 15 ]ppp.00473.015.jpg

12

³⁸As I have walk'd in Alabama my morning walk, I have seen where the she-bird, the mocking-bird  
 on her nest in the briers, hatching her brood. ³⁹I have seen the he-bird also; I have paused to hear him, near at hand, inflating his  
 throat, and joyfully singing. ⁴⁰And while I paused, it came to me that what he  
 really sang for was not there only, Nor for his mate nor himself only, nor all sent back  
 by the echoes; But subtle, clandestine, away beyond, A charge transmitted, and gift occult, for those being  
 born.

13

⁴¹Democracy! Near at hand to you a throat is now inflating itself and joyfully singing. ⁴²Ma femme! For the brood beyond us and of us, For those who belong here, and those to come, I, exultant, to be ready for them, will now shake out  
 carols stronger and haughtier than have ever  
 yet been heard upon earth. ⁴³I will make the songs of passion, to give them their  
 way, And your songs, outlaw'd offenders—for I scan you  
 with kindred eyes, and carry you with me the  
 same as any. ⁴⁴I will make the true poem of riches, To earn for the body and the mind, whatever adheres, 
 and goes forward, and is not dropt by death.   [ begin page 16 ]ppp.00473.016.jpg ⁴⁵I will effuse egotism, and show it underlying all—  
 and I will be the bard of personality; And I will show of male and female that either is but  
 the equal of the other; And I will show that there is no imperfection in the  
 present—and can be none in the future; And I will show that whatever happens to anybody, it  
 may be turn'd to beautiful results—and I will  
 show that nothing can happen more beautiful  
 than death; And I will thread a thread through my poems that  
 time and events are compact, And that all the things of the universe are perfect  
 miracles, each as profound as any. ⁴⁶I will not make poems with reference to parts; But I will make leaves, poems, poemets, songs, says, 
 thoughts, with reference to ensemble: And I will not sing with reference to a day, but with  
 reference to all days; And I will not make a poem, nor the least part of a  
 poem, but has reference to the Soul; (Because, having look'd at the objects of the universe, 
 I find there is no one, nor any particle of one, 
 but has reference to the Soul.)

14

⁴⁷Was somebody asking to see the Soul? See! your own shape and countenance—persons, sub- 
 stances, beasts, the trees, the running rivers, the  
 rocks and sands. All hold spiritual joys, and afterwards loosen them: How can the real body ever die, and be buried? ⁴⁹Of your real body, and any man's or woman's real  
 body, Item for item, it will elude the hands of the corpse- 
 cleaners, and pass to fitting spheres,   [ begin page 17 ]ppp.00473.017.jpg Carrying what has accrued to it from the moment of  
 birth to the moment of death. ⁵⁰Not the types set up by the printer return their im- 
 pression, the meaning, the main concern, Any more than a man's substance and life, or a wo- 
 man substance and life, return in the body  
 and the Soul, Indifferently before death and after death. ⁵¹Behold! the body includes and is the meaning, the  
 main concern—and includes and is the Soul; Whoever you are! how superb and how divine is your  
 body, or any part of it.

15

⁵²Whoever you are! to you endless announcements. ⁵³Daughter of the lands, did you wait for your poet? Did you wait for one with a flowing mouth and in- 
 dicative hand? ⁵⁴Toward the male of The States, and toward the  
 female of The States, Live words—words to the lands. ⁵⁵O the lands! interlink'd, food-yielding lands! Land of coal and iron! Land of gold! Lands of  
 cotton, sugar, rice! Land of wheat, beef, pork! Land of wool and hemp! 
 Land of the apple and grape! Land of the pastoral plains, the grass-fields of the  
 world! Land of those sweet-air'd interminable  
 plateaus! Land of the herd, the garden, the healthy house of  
  adobie! Lands where the northwest Columbia winds, and  
 where the southwest Colorado winds!   [ begin page 18 ]ppp.00473.018.jpg Land of the eastern Chesapeake! Land of the Dela- 
 ware! Land of Ontario, Erie, Huron, Michigan! Land of the Old Thirteen! Massachusetts land! Land  
 of Vermont and Connecticut! Land of the ocean shores! Land of sierras and peaks! Land of boatmen and sailors! Fishermen's land! Inextricable lands! the clutch'd together! the passion- 
 ate ones! The side by side! the elder and younger brothers! 
 the bony-limb'd! The great women's land! the feminine! the ex- 
 perienced sisters and the inexperienced sisters! Far breath'd land! Arctic braced! Mexican breez'd! 
 the diverse! the compact! The Pennsylvanian! the Virginian! the double Caro- 
 linian! O all and each well-loved by me! my intrepid nations! 
 O I at any rate include you all with perfect love! I cannot be discharged from you! not from one, any  
 sooner than another! O Death! O for all that, I am yet of you, unseen, this  
 hour, with irrepressible love, Walking New England, a friend, a traveler, Splashing my bare feet in the edge of the summer  
 ripples, on Paumanok's sands, Crossing the prairies—dwelling again in Chicago—  
 dwelling in every town, Observing shows, births, improvements, structures, 
 arts, Listening to the orators and the oratresses in public  
 halls, Of and through The States, as during life—each man  
 and woman my neighbor, The Louisianian, the Georgian, as near to me, and I  
 as near to him and her, The Mississippian and Arkansian yet with me—and  
  I yet with any of them;   [ begin page 19 ]ppp.00473.019.jpg Yet upon the plains west of the spinal river—yet in  
 my house of adobie, Yet returning eastward—yet in the Sea-Side State, or  
 in Maryland, Yet Kanadian, cheerily braving the winter—the snow  
 and ice welcome to me, Yet a true son either of Maine, or of the Granite State, 
 or of the Narragansett Bay State, or of the  
 Empire State; Yet sailing to other shores to annex the same—yet  
 welcoming every new brother; Hereby applying these leaves to the new ones, from  
 the hour they unite with the old ones; Coming among the new ones myself, to be their com- 
 panion and equal—coming personally to you  
 now; Enjoining you to acts, characters, spectacles, with  
 me.

16

⁵⁶With me, with firm holding—yet haste, haste on. ⁵⁷For your life, adhere tome; Of all the men of the earth, I only can unloose you  
 and toughen you; I may have to be persuaded many times before I  
 consent to give myself to you—but what of  
 that? Must not Nature be persuaded many times? ⁵⁸No dainty dolce affettuoso I; Bearded, sunburnt, gray-neck'd, forbidding, I have  
 arrived, To be wrestled with as I pass, for the solid prizes of  
 the universe; For such I afford whoever can persevere to win them.   [ begin page 20 ]ppp.00473.020.jpg

17

⁵⁹On my way a moment I pause; Here for you! and here for America! Still the Present I raise aloft—Still the Future of  
 The States I harbinge, glad and sublime; And for the Past, I pronounce what the air holds of  
 & ⁶⁰The red aborigines! Leaving natural breaths, sounds of rain and winds, 
 calls as of birds and animals in the woods, 
 syllabled to us for names; Okonee, Koosa, Ottawa, Monongahela, Sauk, Natchez, 
 Chattahoochee, Kaqueta, Oronoco, Wabash, Miami, Saginaw, Chippewa, Oshkosh, Walla- 
 Walla; Leaving such to The States, they melt, they depart, 
 charging the water and the land with names.

18

⁶¹O expanding and swift! O henceforth, Elements, breeds, adjustments, turbulent, quick, and  
 audacious; A world primal again—Vistas of glory, incessant and  
 branching; A new race, dominating previous ones, and grander  
 far, with new contests, New politics, new literatures and religions, new in- 
 ventions and arts. ⁶²These! my voice announcing—I will sleep no more, 
 but arise; You oceans that have been calm within me! how I  
 feel you, fathomless, stirring, preparing un- 
 precedented waves and storms.   [ begin page 21 ]ppp.00473.021.jpg

19

⁶³See! steamers steaming through my poems! See, in my poems immigrants continually coming and  
 landing; See, in arriere, the wigwam, the trail, the hunter's  
 hut, the flat-boat, the maize-leaf, the claim, the  
 rude fence, and the backwoods village; See, on the one side the Western Sea, and on the  
 other the Eastern Sea, how they advance and  
 retreat upon my poems, as upon their own  
 shores; See, pastures and forests in my poems—See, animals, 
 wild and tame—See, beyond the Kanzas, count- 
 less herds of buffalo, feeding on short curly  
 grass; See, in my poems, cities, solid, vast, inland, with  
 paved streets, with iron and stone edifices, 
 ceaseless vehicles, and commerce; See, the many-cylinder'd steam printing-press—See, 
 the electric telegraph, stretching across the  
 Continent, from the Western Sea to Man- 
 hattan; See, through Atlantica's depths, pulses American, 
 Europe reaching—pulses of Europe, duly re- 
 turn; See, the strong and quick locomotive, as it departs, 
 panting, blowing the steam-whistle; See, ploughmen, ploughing farms—See, miners, dig- 
 ging mines—See, the numberless factories; See, mechanics, busy at their benches, with tools—  
 See from among them, superior judges, philo- 
 sophs, Presidents, emerge, drest in working  
 dresses; See, lounging through the shops and fields of The  
 States, me, well-beloved, close-held by day and  
 night; Hear the loud echoes of my songs there! Read the  
 hints come at last.   [ begin page 22 ]ppp.00473.022.jpg

20

⁶⁴O Camerado close! O you and me at last—and us two only. ⁶⁵O a word to clear one's path ahead endlessly! O something extatic and undemonstrable! O music  
 wild! O now I triumph—and you shall also; O hand in hand—O wholesome pleasure—O one more  
 desirer and lover! O to haste, firm holding—to haste, haste on, with me.   [ begin page 23 ]ppp.00473.023.jpg

WALT WHITMAN.

1

¹ I CELEBRATE myself; And what I assume you shall assume; For every atom belonging to me, as good belongs to  
 you. ²I loafe and invite my Soul; I lean and loafe at my ease, observing a spear of sum- 
 mer grass. ³Houses and rooms are full of perfumes—the shelves  
 are crowded with perfumes; I breathe the fragrance myself, and know it and like it; The distillation would intoxicate me also, but I shall  
 not let it. ⁴The atmosphere is not a perfume—it has no taste of  
 the distillation—it is odorless; It is for my mouth forever—I am in love with it; I will go to the bank by the wood, and become undis- 
 guised and naked; I am mad for it to be in contact with me.

2

⁵The smoke of my own breath; Echoes, ripples, buzz'd whispers, love-root, silk-thread, 
 crotch and vine; My respiration and inspiration, the beating of my  
 heart, the passing of blood and air through my  
 lungs;   [ begin page 24 ]ppp.00473.024.jpg The sniff of green leaves and dry leaves, and of the  
 shore, and dark-color'd sea-rocks, and of hay in  
 the barn; The sound of the belch'd words of my voice, words  
 loos'd to the eddies of the wind; A few light kisses, a few embraces, a reaching around  
 of arms; The play of shine and shade on the trees as the supple  
 boughs wag; The delight alone, or in the rush of the streets, or  
 along the fields and hill-sides; The feeling of health, the full noon trill, the song of  
 me rising from bed and meeting the sun. ⁶Have you reckon'd a thousand acres much? have you  
 reckon'd the earth much? Have you practis'd so long to learn to read? Have you felt so proud to get at the meaning of  
 poems? ⁷Stop this day and night with me, and you shall pos- 
 sess the origin of all poems; You shall possess the good of the earth and sun—  
 (there are millions of suns left;) You shall no longer take things at second or third  
 hand, nor look through the eyes of the dead, 
 nor feed on the spectres in books; You shall not look through my eyes either, nor take  
 things from me: You shall listen to all sides, and filter them from your- 
 self.

3

⁸I have heard what the talkers were talking, the talk  
 of the beginning and the end. But I do not talk of the beginning or the end. ⁹There was never any more inception than there is  
 now, Nor any more youth or age than there is now;   [ begin page 25 ]ppp.00473.025.jpg And will never be any more perfection than there  
 is now, Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now. ¹⁰Urge, and urge, and urge; Always the procreant urge of the world. ¹¹Out of the dimness opposite equals advance—always  
 substance and increase, always sex; Always a knit of identity—always distinction—always  
 a breed of life. ¹²To elaborate is no avail—learn'd and unlearn'd feel  
 that it is so. ¹³ Sure as the most certain sure, plumb in the uprights, 
 well entretied, braced in the beams, Stout as a horse, affectionate, haughty, electrical, I and this mystery, here we stand. ¹⁴Clear and sweet is my Soul, and clear and sweet is  
 all that is not my Soul. ¹⁵Lack one lacks both, and the unseen is proved by  
 the seen, Till that becomes unseen, and receives proof in its  
 turn. ¹⁶Showing the best, and dividing it from the worst, 
 age vexes age; Knowing the perfect fitness and equanimity of things, 
 while they discuss I am silent, and go bathe and  
 admire myself. ¹⁷Welcome is every organ and attribute of me, and of  
 any man hearty and clean; Not an inch, nor a particle of an inch, is vile, and  
 none shall be less familiar than the rest.   [ begin page 26 ]ppp.00473.026.jpg ¹⁸I am satisfied—I see, dance, laugh, sing; As the hugging and loving Bed-fellow sleeps at my  
 side through the night, and withdraws at the  
 peep of the day, with stealthy tread, Leaving me baskets cover'd with white towels, swell- 
 ing the house with their plenty, Shall I postpone my acceptation and realization, and  
 scream at my eyes, That they turn from gazing after and down the road, And forthwith cipher and show me a cent, Exactly the contents of one, and exactly the contents  
 of two, and which is ahead?

4

¹⁹Trippers and askers surround me; People I meet—the effect upon me of my early life, or  
 the ward and city I live in, or the nation, The latest dates, discoveries, inventions, societies, 
 authors old and new, My dinner, dress, associates, looks, compliments, dues, The real or fancied indifference of some man or woman  
 I love, The sickness of one of my folks, or of myself, or ill- 
 doing, or loss or lack of money, or depressions  
 or exaltations; Battles, the horrors of fratricidal war, the fever of  
 doubtful news, the fitful events; These come to me days and nights, and go from me  
 again, But they are not the Me myself. ²⁰Apart from the pulling and hauling stands what I  
 am; Stands amused, complacent, compassionating, idle, 
 unitary; Looks down, is erect, or bends an arm on an impalpa- 
 ble certain rest,   [ begin page 27 ]ppp.00473.027.jpg Looking with side-curved head, curious what will come  
 next; Both in and out of the game, and watching and won- 
 dering at it. ²¹Backward I see in my own days where I sweated  
 through fog with linguists and contenders; I have no mockings or arguments—I witness and wait.

5

²²I believe in you, my Soul—the other I am must  
 not abase itself to you; And you must not be abased to the other. ²³Loafe with me on the grass—loose the stop from  
 your throat; Not words, not music or rhyme I want—not custom or  
 lecture, not even the best; Only the lull I like, the hum of your valved voice. ²⁴I mind how once we lay, such a transparent sum- 
 mer morning; How you settled your head athwart my hips, and gently  
 turn'd over upon me, And parted the shirt from my bosom-bone, and plunged  
 your tongue to my bare-stript heart, And reach'd till you felt my beard, and reach'd till you  
 held my feet. ²⁵Swiftly arose and spread around me the peace and  
 knowledge that pass all the argument of the  
 earth; And I know that the hand of God is the promise of my  
 own; And I know that the spirit of God is the brother of  
 my own; And that all the men ever born are also my brothers, 
 and the women my sisters and lovers; And that a kelson of the creation is love;   [ begin page 28 ]ppp.00473.028.jpg And limitless are leaves, stiff or drooping in the fields; And brown ants in the little wells beneath them; And mossy scabs of the worm-fence, and heap'd stones, 
 elder, mullen and pokeweed.

6

²⁶A child said, What is the grass? fetching it to me with  
 full hands; How could I answer the child? I do not know what  
 it is, any more than he. ²⁷I guess it must be the flag of my disposition, out of  
 hopeful green stuff woven. ²⁸Or I guess it is the handkerchief of the Lord, A scented gift and remembrancer, designedly dropt, Bearing the owner's name someway in the corners, 
 that we may see and remark, and say, Whose? ²⁹Or I guess the grass is itself a child, the produced  
 babe of the vegetation. ³⁰Or I guess it is a uniform hieroglyphic; And it means, Sprouting alike in broad zones and  
 narrow zones. Growing among black folks as among white; Kanuck, Tuckahoe, Congressman, Cuff, I give them  
 the same, I receive them the same. ³¹And now it seems to me the beautiful uncut hair of  
 graves. ³²Tenderly will I use you,curling grass; It may be you transpire from the breasts of young  
 men; It may be if I had known them I would have loved  
 them.   [ begin page 29 ]ppp.00473.029.jpg It may be you are from old people, and from women, 
 and from offspring taken soon out of their  
 mothers' laps; And here you are the mothers' laps. ³³This grass is very dark to be from the white heads  
 of old mothers; Darker than the colorless beards of old men; Dark to come from under the faint red roofs of  
 mouths. ³⁴O I perceive after all so many uttering tongues! And I perceive they do not come from the roofs of  
 mouths for nothing. ³⁵I wish I could translate the hints about the dead  
 young men and women, And the hints about old men and mothers, and the  
 offspring taken soon out of their laps. ³⁶What do you think has become of the young and  
 old men? And what do you think has become of the women and  
 children? ³⁷They are alive and well somewhere; The smallest sprout shows there is really no death; And if ever there was, it led forward life, and does  
 not wait at the end to arrest it, And ceas'd the moment life appear'd. ³⁸All goes onward and outward—nothing collapses; And to die is different from what any one supposed, 
 and luckier. B   [ begin page 30 ]ppp.00473.030.jpg

7

³⁹Has any one supposed it lucky to be born? I hasten to inform him or her, it is just as lucky to  
 die, and I know it. ⁴⁰I pass death with the dying, and birth with the new  
 wash'd babe, and am not contain'd between my- 
 hat and boots; And peruse manifold objects, no two alike, and every  
 one good; The earth good, and the stars good, and their  
 adjuncts all good. ⁴¹I am not an earth, nor an adjunct of an earth; I am the mate and companion of people, all just as  
 immortal and fathomless as myself; (They do not know how immortal, but I know.) ⁴²Every kind for itself and its own—for me mine, male  
 and female; For me those that have been boys, and that love  
 women; For me the man that is proud, and feels how it stings  
 to be slighted; For me the sweetheart and the old maid—for me  
 mothers, and the mothers of mothers; For me lips that have smiled, eyes that have shed  
 tears; For me children, and the begetters of children. ⁴³Undrape! you are not guilty to me, nor stale, nor  
 discarded; I see through the broadcloth and gingham, whether  
 or no; And am around, tenacious, acquisitive, tireless, and  
 cannot be shaken away.   [ begin page 31 ]ppp.00473.031.jpg

8

⁴⁴The little one sleeps in its cradle; I lift the gauze, and look a long time, and silently  
 brush away flies with my hand. ⁴⁵The youngster and the red-faced girl turn aside up  
 the bushy hill; I peeringly view them from the top. ⁴⁶The suicide sprawls on the bloody floor of the  
 bedroom; I witness the corpse with its dabbled hair—I note  
 where the pistol has fallen. ⁴⁷The blab of the pave, the tires of carts, sluff of  
 boot-soles, talk of the promenaders; The heavy omnibus, the driver with his interrogating  
 thumb, the clank of the shod horses on the  
 granite floor; The snow-sleighs, the clinking, shouted jokes, pelts of  
 snow-balls; The hurrahs for popular favorites, the fury of rous'd  
 mobs; The flap of the curtain'd litter, a sick man inside, 
 borne to the hospital; The meeting of enemies, the sudden oath, the blows  
 and fall; The excited crowd, the policeman with his star, 
 quickly working his passage to the centre of  
 the crowd; The impassive stones that receive and return so many  
 echoes; What groans of over-fed or half-starv'd who fall  
 sun-struck, or in fits; What exclamations of women taken suddenly, who  
 hurry home and give birth to babes; What living and buried speech is always vibrating here  
 —what howls restrain'd by decorum,   [ begin page 32 ]ppp.00473.032.jpg Arrests of criminals, slights, adulterous offers made, 
 acceptances, rejections with convex lips; I mind them or the show or resonance of them—I  
 come, and I depart.

9

⁴⁸The big doors of the country-barn stand open and  
 ready; The dried grass of the harvest-time loads the slow- 
 drawn wagon; The clear light plays on the brown gray and green in- 
 ter tinged; The armfuls are packt to the sagging mow. ⁴⁹I am there—I help—I came stretcht atop of the  
 load; I felt its soft jolts—one leg reclined on the other; I jump from the cross-beams and seize the clover and  
 timothy, And roll head over heels, and tangle my hair full of  
 wisps.

10

⁵⁰Alone, far in the wilds and mountains, I hunt, Wandering, amazed at my own lightness and glee; In the late afternoon choosing a safe spot to pass the  
 night, Kindling a fire and broiling the fresh kill'd game; Falling asleep on the gather'd leaves, with my dog and  
 gun by my side. ⁵¹The Yankee clipper is under her three sky-sails—  
 she cuts the sparkle and scud; My eyes settle the land—I bend at her prow, or shout  
 joyously from the deck. ⁵²The boatman and clam-diggers arose early and stopt  
 for me;   [ begin page 33 ]ppp.00473.033.jpg I tuck'd my trowser-ends in my boots, and went and  
 had a good time: You should have been with us that day round the  
 chowder-kettle. ⁵³I saw the marriage of the trapper in the open air in  
 the far-west—the bride was a red girl; Her father and his friends sat near, cross-legged and  
 dumbly smoking—they had moccasins to their  
 feet, and large thick blankets hanging from their  
 shoulders; On a bank lounged the trapper—he was drest mostly  
 in skins—his luxuriant beard and curls pro- 
 tected his neck—he held his bride by the hand; She had long eye-lashes—her head was bare—her  
 coarse straight locks descended upon her volup- 
 tuous limbs and reach'd to her feet. ⁵⁴The runaway slave came to my house and stopt out- 
 side; I heard his motions crackling the twigs of the wood- 
 pile; Through the swung half-door of the kitchen I saw him  
 limpsy and weak, And went where he sat on a log, and led him in and  
 assured him, And brought water, and fill'd a tub for his sweated  
 body and bruis'd feet, And gave him a room that enter'd from my own, and  
 gave him some coarse clean clothes, And remember perfectly well his revolving eyes and  
 his awkwardness, And remember putting plasters on the galls of his  
 neck and ankles; He staid with me a week before he was recuperated  
 and pass'd north; (I had him sit next me at table—my fire-lock lean'd  
 in the corner.)   [ begin page 34 ]ppp.00473.034.jpg

11

⁵⁵Twenty-eight young men bathe by the shore; Twenty-eight young men, and all so friendly: Twenty-eight years of womanly life, and all so lone- 
 some. ⁵⁶She owns the fine house by the rise of the bank; She hides, handsome and richly drest, aft the blinds  
 of the window. ⁵⁷Which of the young men does she like the best? Ah, the homeliest of them is beautiful to her. ⁵⁸Where are you off to, lady?for I see you; You splash in the water there, yet stay stock still in  
 your room. ⁵⁹Dancing and laughing along the beach came the  
 twenty-ninth bather; The rest did not see her, but she saw them and loved  
 them. ⁶⁰The beards of the young men glisten'd with wet, it  
 ran from their long hair; Little streams pass'd all over their bodies. ⁶¹An unseen hand also pass'd over their bodies; It descended tremblingly from their temples and  
 ribs. ⁶²The young men float on their backs—their white  
 bellies bulge to the sun—they do not ask who  
 seizes fast to them; They do not know who puffs and declines with pen- 
 dant and bending arch; They do not think whom they souse with spray.   [ begin page 35 ]ppp.00473.035.jpg

12

⁶³The butcher-boy puts off his killing clothes, or  
 sharpens his knife at the stall in the market; I loiter, enjoying his repartee and his shuffle and  
 break-down. ⁶⁴Blacksmiths with grimed and hairy chests environ  
 the anvil; Each has his main-sledge—they are all out—(there is  
 a great heat in the fire.) ⁶⁵From the cinder-strew'd threshold I follow their  
 movements; The lithe sheer of their waists plays even with their  
 massive arms; Overhand the hammers swing—overhand so slow—  
 overhand so sure: They do not hasten—each man hits in his place.

13

⁶⁶The negro holds firmly the reins of his four horses  
 —the block swags underneath on its tied-over  
 chain; The negro that drives the dray of the stone-yard—  
 steady and tall he stands, poised on one leg on  
 the string-piece; His blue shirt exposes his ample neck and breast, and  
 loosens over his hip-band; His glance is calm and commanding—he tosses the  
 slouch of his hat away from his forehead; The sun falls on his crispy hair and moustache—falls  
 on the black of his polish'd and perfect limbs. ⁶⁷I behold the picturesque giant, and love him—and I  
 do not stop there; I go with the team also.   [ begin page 36 ]ppp.00473.036.jpg ⁶⁹In me the caresser of life wherever moving—back- 
 ward as well as forward slueing; To niches aside and junior bending. Oxen that rattle the yoke and chain, or halt in the  
 leafy shade! what is that you express in your  
 eyes? It seems to me more than all the print I have read in  
 my life. ⁷⁰My tread scares the wood-drake and wood-duck, on  
 my distant and day-long ramble; ⁷¹I believe in those wing'd purposes, And acknowledge red, yellow, white, playing within  
 me, And consider green and violet, and the tufted crown, 
 intentional, And do not call the tortoise unworthy because she is  
 not something else; And the jay in the woods never studied the gamut, 
 yet trills pretty well to me; And the look of the bay mare shames silliness out of  
 me.

14

⁷²The wild gander leads his flock through the cool  
 night; Ya-honk! he says, and sounds it down to me like an  
 invitation; (The pert may suppose it meaningless, but I listen  
 close; I find its purpose and place up there toward the  
 wintry sky.) ⁷³The sharp hoof'd moose of the north, the cat on the  
 house-sill, the chickadee, the prairie-dog,   [ begin page 37 ]ppp.00473.037.jpg The litter of the grunting sow as they tug at her teats, The brood of the turkey-hen, and she with her half- 
 spread wings; I see in them and myself the same old law. ⁷⁴The press of my foot to the earth springs a hundred  
 affections; They scorn the best I can do to relate them. ⁷⁵I am enamour'd of growing outdoors, Of men that live among cattle, or taste of the ocean  
 or woods, Of the builders and steerers of ships, and the wielders  
 of axes and mauls, and the drivers of horses; I can eat and sleep with them week in and week out. ⁷⁶What is commonest, cheapest, nearest, easiest, is  
 Me; Me going in for my chances, spending for vast returns; Adorning myself to bestow myself on the first that  
 will take me; Not asking the sky to come down to my good will; Scattering it freely forever.

15

⁷⁷The pure contralto sings in the organ loft; The carpenter dresses his plank—the tongue of his  
 foreplane whistles its wild ascending lisp; The married and unmarried children ride home to  
 their Thanksgiving dinner; The pilot seizes the king-pin—he heaves down with a  
 strong arm; The mate stands braced in the whale-boat—lance and  
 harpoon are ready; The duck-shooter walks by silent and cautious  
 stretches; The deacons are ordain'd with cross'd hands at the  
 altar; B2   [ begin page 38 ]ppp.00473.038.jpg The spinning-girl retreats and advances to the hum of  
 the big wheel; The farmer stops by the bars, as he walks on a First- 
 day loafe, and looks at the oats and rye; The lunatic is carried at last to the asylum, a confirm'd  
 case, (He will never sleep any more as he did in the cot in  
 his mother's bed-room;) The jour printer with gray head and gaunt jaws works  
 at his case, He turns his quid of tobacco, while his eyes blurr with  
 the manuscript; The malform'd limbs are tied to the surgeon's table, What is removed drops horribly in a pail; The quadroon girl is sold at the stand—the drunkard. 
 nods by the bar-room stove; The machinist rolls up his sleeves—the policeman  
 travels his beat—the gate-keeper marks who pass; The young fellow drives the express-wagon—(I love  
 him, though I do not know him;) The half-breed straps on his light boots to compete in  
 the race; The western turkey-shooting draws old and young—  
 some lean on their rifles, some sit on logs, Out from the crowd steps the marksman, takes his  
 position, levels his piece; The groups of newly-come immigrants cover the  
 wharf or levee; As the woolly-pates hoe in the sugar-field, the overseer  
 views them from his saddle; The bugle calls in the ball-room, the gentlemen run for  
 their partners, the dancers bow to each other; The youth lies awake in the cedar-roof'd garret, and  
 harks to the musical rain; The Wolverine sets traps on the creek that helps fill the  
 Huron; The squaw, wrapt in her yellow-hemm'd cloth, is  
 offering moccasins and bead-bags for sale;   [ begin page 39 ]ppp.00473.039.jpg The connoisseur peers along the exhibition-gallery with  
 half-shut eyes bent side-ways; As the deck-hands make fast the steamboat, the plank  
 is thrown for the shore-going passengers; The young sister holds out the skein, while the elder  
 sister winds it off in a ball, and stops now and  
 then for the knots; The one-year wife is recovering and happy, having a  
 week ago borne her first child; The clean-hair'd Yankee girl works with her sewing- 
 machine, or in the factory or mill; The nine months' gone is in the parturition chamber, 
 her faintness and pains are advancing; The paving-man leans on his two handed rammer—  
 the reporter's lead flies swiftly over the note-book  
 —the sign-painter is lettering with red and gold; The canal boy trots on the tow path—the bookkeeper  
 counts at his desk, the shoemaker waxes his  
 thread; The conductor beats time for the band, and all the  
 performers follow him; The child is baptized—the convert is making his first  
 professions; The regatta is spread on the bay—the race is begun  
 —how the white sails sparkle! The drover, watching his drove, sings out to them that  
 would stray; The pedler sweats with his pack on his back, (the pur- 
 chaser higgling about the odd cent;) The camera and plate are prepared, the lady must sit  
 for her daguerreotype; The bride unrumples her white dress, the minute-hand  
 of the clock moves slowly; The opium-eater reclines with rigid head and just- 
 open lips; The prostitute draggles her shawl, her bonnet bobs on  
 her tipsy and pimpled neck; The crowd laugh at her blackguard oaths, the men  
 jeer and wink to each other;   [ begin page 40 ]ppp.00473.040.jpg (Miserable! I do not laugh at your oaths, nor jeer you;) The President, holding a cabinet council, is surrounded  
 by the Great Secretaries; On the piazza walk three matrons stately and friendly  
 with twined arms; The crew of the fish-smack pack repeated layers of  
 halibut in the hold; The Missourian crosses the plains, toting his wares and  
 his cattle; As the fare-collector goes through the train, he gives  
 notice by the jingling of loose change; The floor-men are laying the floor—the tinners are  
 tinning the roof—the masons are calling for  
 mortar; In single file, each shouldering his hod, pass onward  
 the laborers; Seasons pursuing each other, the indescribable crowd  
 is gather'd—it is the Fourth of Seventh-month  
 —(What salutes of cannon and small arms!) Seasons pursuing each other, the plougher ploughs, the  
 mower mows, and the winter-grain falls in the  
 ground; Off on the lakes the pike-fisher watches and waits by  
 the hole in the frozen surface; The stumps stand thick round the clearing, the squatter  
 strikes deep with his axe; Flatboatmen make fast, towards dusk, near the cotton- 
 wood or pekan-trees; Coon-seekers go through the regions of the Red river, 
 or through those drain'd by the Tennessee, or  
 through those of the Arkansaw; Torches shine in the dark that hangs on the Chatta- 
 hooche or Altamahaw; Patriarchs sit at supper with sons and grandsons and  
 great-grandsons around them; In walls of adobie, in canvas tents, rest hunters and  
 trappers after their day's sport; The city sleeps, and the country sleeps;   [ begin page 41 ]ppp.00473.041.jpg The living sleep for their time, the dead sleep for their  
 time; The old husband sleeps by his wife, and the young  
 husband sleeps by his wife; And these one and all tend inward to me, and I tend  
 outward to them; And such as it is to be of these, more or less, I am.

16

⁷⁸I am of old and young, of the foolish as much as the  
 wise; Regardless of others, ever regardful of others, Maternal as well as paternal, a child as well as a man, Stuff'd with the stuff that is coarse, and stuff'd with  
 the stuff that is fine; One of the great nation, the nation of many nations, 
 the smallest the same, and the largest the same; A southerner soon as a northerner—a planter non- 
 chalant and hospitable, down by the Oconee I  
 live; A Yankee, bound my own way, ready for trade, my  
 joints the limberest joints on earth, and the  
 sternest joints on earth; A Kentuckian, walking the vale of the Elkhorn in my  
 deer-skin leggings—a Louisianian or Georgian; A boatman over lakes or bays, or along coasts—a  
 Hoosier, Badger, Buckeye; At home on Kanadian snow-shoes, or up in the bush, 
 or with fishermen off Newfoundland; At home in the fleet of ice-boats, sailing with the rest  
 and tacking; At home on the hills of Vermont, or in the woods of  
 Maine, or the Texan ranch; Comrade of Californians—comrade of free north-west- 
 erners, (loving their big proportions;) Comrade of raftsmen and coalmen—comrade of all who  
 shake hands and welcome to drink and meat; A learner with the simplest, a teacher of the thought- 
 fullest;   [ begin page 42 ]ppp.00473.042.jpg A novice beginning, yet experient of myriads of sea- 
 sons; Of every hue and caste am I, of every rank and re- 
 ligion; A farmer, mechanic, artist, gentleman, sailor, quaker; A prisoner, fancy-man, rowdy, lawyer, physician, 
 priest. ⁷⁹I resist anything better than my own diversity; I breathe the air, but leave plenty after me, And am not stuck up, and am in my place. ⁸⁰(The moth and the fish-eggs are in their place; The suns I see, and the suns I cannot see, are in their  
 place; The palpable is in its place, and the impalpable is in its  
 place.)

17

⁸¹These are the thoughts of all men in all ages and  
 lands—they are not original with me; If they are not yours as much as mine, they are  
 nothing, or next to nothing; If they are not the riddle and the untying of the rid- 
 dle, they are nothing; If they are not just as close as they are distant, they  
 are nothing. ⁸²This is the grass that grows wherever the land is, 
 and the water is; This is the common air that bathes the globe.

18

⁸³With music strong I come—with my cornets and  
 my drums, I play not marches for accepted victors only—I play  
 great marches for conquer'd and slain persons.   [ begin page 43 ]ppp.00473.043.jpg ⁸⁴Have you heard that it was good to gain the day? I also say it is good to fall—battles are lost in the same  
 spirit in which they are won. ⁸⁵I beat and pound for the dead; I blow through my embouchures my loudest and gay- 
 est for them. ⁸⁶Vivas to those who have fail'd! And to those whose war-vessels sank in the sea! And to those themselves who sank in the sea! And to all generals that lost engagements! and all  
 overcome heroes! And the numberless unknown heroes, equal to the  
 greatest heroes known.

19

⁸⁷This is the meal pleasantly set—this is the meat for  
 natural hunger; It is for the wicked just the same as the righteous—I  
 make appointments with all; I will not have a single person slighted or left away; The kept-woman, sponger, thief, are hereby invited; The heavy-lipp'd slave is invited—the venerealee is  
 invited: There shall be no difference between them and the rest. ⁸⁸This is the press of a bashful hand—this is the float  
 and odor of hair; This is the touch of my lips to yours—this is the mur- 
 mur of yearning; This is the far-off depth and height reflecting my own  
 face; This is the thoughtful merge of myself, and the outlet <  
 again. ⁸⁹Do you guess I have some intricate purpose? Well, I have—for the Fourth-month showers have, 
 and the mica on the side of a rock has.   [ begin page 44 ]ppp.00473.044.jpg ⁹⁰Do you take it I would astonish? Does the daylight astonish? Does the early redstart, 
 twittering through the woods? Do I astonish more than they? ⁹¹This hour I tell things in confidence; I might not tell everybody, but I will tell you.

20

⁹²Who goes there? hankering, gross, mystical, nude; How is it I extract strength from the beef I eat? ⁹³What is a man, anyhow? What am I? What are you? ⁹⁴All I mark as my own, you shall offset it with your  
 own; Else it were time lost listening to me. ⁹⁵I do not snivel that snivel the world over, That months are vacuums, and the ground but wal- 
 low and filth; That life is a suck and a sell, and nothing remains at  
 the end but threadbare crape, and tears. ⁹⁶Whimpering and truckling fold with powders for  
 invalids—conformity goes to the fourth-remov'd; I wear my hat as I please, indoors or out. ⁹⁷Why should I pray? Why should I venerate and  
 be ceremonious? ⁹⁸Having pried through the strata, analyzed to a hair, 
 counsell'd with doctors, and calculated close, I find no sweeter fat then sticks to my own bones.   [ begin page 45 ]ppp.00473.045.jpg ⁹⁹In all people I see myself—none more, and not one  
 a barley-corn less; And the good or bad I say of myself, I say of them. ¹⁰⁰And I know I am solid and sound; To me the converging objects of the universe perpetu- 
 ally flow; All are written to me, and I must get what the writing  
 means. ¹⁰¹I know I am deathless; I know this orbit of mine cannot be swept by the car- 
 penter compass; I know I shall not pass like a child's carlacue cut with  
 a burnt stick at night. ¹⁰²I know I am august; I do not trouble my spirit to vindicate itself or be  
 understood; I see that the elementary laws never apologize; (I reckon I behave no prouder than the level I plant  
 my house by, after all.) ¹⁰³I exist as I am—that is enough; If no other in the world be aware, I sit content; And if each and all be aware, I sit content. ¹⁰⁴One world is aware, and by far the largest to me, 
 and that is myself; And whether I come to my own to-day, or in ten  
 thousand or ten million years, I can cheerfully take it now, or with equal cheerful- 
 ness I can wait. ¹⁰⁵My foothold is tenon'd and mortis'd in granite; I laugh at what you call dissolution; And I know the amplitude of time.   [ begin page 46 ]ppp.00473.046.jpg

21

¹⁰⁶I am the poet of the Body; And I am the poet of the Soul. ¹⁰⁷The pleasures of heaven are with me, and the pains  
 of hell are with me; The first I graft and increase upon myself—the latter  
 I translate into a new tongue. ¹⁰⁸I am the poet of the woman the same as the man; And I say it is as great to be a woman as to be a man; And I say there is nothing greater than the mother of  
 men. ¹⁰⁹I chant the chant of dilation or pride; We have had ducking and deprecating about enough; I show that size is only development. ¹¹⁰Have you outstript the rest? Are you the Presi- 
 dent? It is a trifle—they will more than arrive there, every  
 one, and still pass on. ¹¹¹I am he that walks with the tender and growing  
 night; I call to the earth and sea, half-held by the night. ¹¹²Press close, bare-bosom'd night! Press close, mag- 
 netic, nourishing night! Night of south winds! night of the large few stars! Still, nodding night! mad, naked, summer night. ¹¹³Smile, O voluptuous, cool-breath'd earth! Earth of the slumbering and liquid trees; Earth of departed sunset! earth of the mountains, 
 misty-topt! Earth of the vitreous pour of the full moon, just  
 tinged with blue!   [ begin page 47 ]ppp.00473.047.jpg Earth of shine and dark, mottling the tide of the  
 river! Earth of the limpid gray of clouds, brighter and  
 clearer for my sake! Far-swooping elbow'd earth! rich, apple-blossom'd  
 earth! Smile, for your lover comes! ¹¹⁴Prodigal, you have given me love! Therefore I to  
 you give love! O unspeakable, passionate love!

22

¹¹⁵You sea! I resign myself to you also—I guess  
 what you mean; I behold from the beach your crooked inviting fingers; I believe you refuse to go back without feeling of me; We must have a turn together—I undress—hurry me  
 out of sight of the land; Cushion me soft, rock me in billowy drowse; ¹¹⁶Sea of stretch'd ground-swells! Sea breathing broad and convulsive breaths! Sea of the brine of life! sea of unshovell'd yet always- 
 ready graves! Howler and scooper of storms! capricious and dainty sea! I am integral with you—I too am of one phase, and of  
 all phases. ¹¹⁷Partaker of influx and efflux I—extoller of hate and  
 conciliation; Extoller of amies, and those that sleep in each others'  
 arms. ¹¹⁸I am he attesting sympathy; (Shall I make my list of things in the house, and skip  
 the house that supports them?)   [ begin page 48 ]ppp.00473.048.jpg ¹¹⁹I am not the poet of goodness only—I do not de- 
 cline to be the poet of wickedness also. ¹²⁰Washes and razors for foofoos—for me freckles and  
 a bristling beard. ¹²¹What blurt is this about virtue and about vice? Evil propels me, and reform of evil propels me—I  
 stand indifferent; My gait is no fault-finder's or rejecter's gait; I moisten the roots of all that has grown. ¹²²Did you fear some scrofula out of the unflagging  
 pregnancy? Did you guess the celestial laws are yet to be work'd  
 over and rectified? ¹²³I find one side a balance, and the antipodal side a  
 balance; Soft doctrine as steady help as stable doctrine; Thoughts and deeds of the present, our rouse and  
 early start. ¹²⁴This minute that comes to me over the past decil- 
 lions, There is no better than it and now. ¹²⁵What behaved well in the past, or behaves well  
 to-day, is not such a wonder; The wonder is, always and always, how there can be  
 a mean man or an infidel.

23

¹²⁶Endless unfolding of words of ages! And mine a word of the modern—the word En- 
 masse. ¹²⁷A word of the faith that never balks; Here or henceforward, it is all the same to me—  
 I accept time, absolutely.   [ begin page 49 ]ppp.00473.049.jpg ¹²⁸It alone is without flaw—it rounds and completes all; That mystic, baffling wonder I love, alone completes all. ¹²⁹I accept reality, and dare not question it; Materialism first and last imbuing. ¹³⁰Hurrah for positive science! long live exact demon- 
 stration! Fetch stonecrop, mixt with cedar and branches of  
 lilac; This is the lexicographer—this the chemist—this  
 made a grammar of the old cartouches; These mariners put the ship through dangerous un- 
 known seas; This is the geologist—this works with the scalpel—  
 and this is a mathematician. ¹³¹Gentlemen! to you the first honors always: Your facts are useful and real—and yet they are not  
 my dwelling; (I but enter by them to an area of my dwelling.) ¹³²Less the reminders of properties told, my words; And more the reminders, they, of life untold, and of  
 freedom and extrication, And make short account of neuters and geldings, and  
 favor men and women fully equipt, And beat the gong of revolt, and stop with fugitives, 
 and them that plot and conspire.

24

¹³³Walt Whitman am I, of mighty Manhattan the son, Turbulent, fleshy and sensual, eating, drinking and  
 breeding; No sentimentalist—no stander above men and women, 
 or apart from them; No more modest than immodest.   [ begin page 50 ]ppp.00473.050.jpg ¹³⁴Unscrew the locks from the doors! Unscrew the doors themselves from their jambs! ¹³⁵Whoever degrades another degrades me; And whatever is done or said returns at last to me. ¹³⁶Through me the afflatus surging and surging—  
 through me the current and index. ¹³⁷I speak the pass-word primeval—I give the sign of  
 democracy; By God! I will accept nothing which all cannot have  
 their counterpart of on the same terms. ¹³⁸Through me many long dumb voices; Voices of the interminable generations of slaves; Voices of prostitutes, and of deform'd persons; Voices of the diseas'd and despairing, and of thieves  
 and dwarfs; Voices of cycles of preparation and accretion, And of the threads that connect the stars—and of  
 wombs, and of the fatherstuff, And of the rights of them the others are down upon; Of the trivial, flat, foolish, despised, Fog in the air, beetles rolling balls of dung. ¹³⁹Through me forbidden voices; Voices of sexes and lusts—voices veil'd, and I remove  
 the veil; Voices indecent, by me clarified and transfigur'd. ¹⁴⁰I do not press my fingers across my mouth; I keep as delicate around the bowels as around the  
 head and heart; Copulation is no more rank to me than death is. ¹⁴¹I believe in the flesh and the appetites; Seeing, hearing, feeling, are miracles, and each part  
 and tag of me is a miracle.   [ begin page 51 ]ppp.00473.051.jpg ¹⁴²Divine am I inside and out, and I make holy what- 
 ever I touch or am touch'd from; The scent of these arm-pits, aroma finer than prayer; This head more than churches, bibles, and all the  
 creeds. ¹⁴³If I worship one thing more than another, it shall  
 be the spread of my own body, or any part of it. ¹⁴⁴Translucent mould of me, it shall be you! Shaded ledges and rests, it shall be you! Firm masculine colter, it shall be you. ¹⁴⁵Whatever goes to the tilth of me, it shall be you! You my rich blood! Your milky stream, pale strip- 
 pings of my life. ¹⁴⁶Breast that presses against other breasts, it shall be  
 you! My brain, it shall be your occult convolutions. ¹⁴⁷Root of wash't sweet-flag! timorous pond-snipe! 
 nest of guarded duplicate eggs! it shall be you! Mix't tussled hay of head, beard, brawn, it shall be  
 you! Trickling sap of maple! fibre of manly wheat! it shall  
 be you! ¹⁴⁸Sun so generous, it shall be you! Vapors lighting and shading my face, it shall be you! You sweaty brooks and dews, it shall be you! Winds whose soft-tickling genitals rub against me, it  
 shall be you! Broad, muscular fields! branches of live oak! lov- 
 ing lounger in my winding paths! it shall be  
 you! Hands I have taken—face I have kiss'd—mortal I  
 have ever touch'd! it shall be you.   [ begin page 52 ]ppp.00473.052.jpg ¹⁴⁹I dote on myself—there is that lot of me, and all so  
 luscious; Each moment, and whatever happens, thrills me with  
 joy. ¹⁵⁰O I am wonderful! I cannot tell how my ankles bend, nor whence the cause  
 of my faintest wish; Nor the cause of the friendship I emit, nor the cause  
 of the friendship I take again. ¹⁵¹That I walk up my stoop! I pause to consider if it  
 really be; A morning-glory at my window satisfies me more than  
 the metaphysics of books. ¹⁵²To behold the day-break! The little light fades the immense and diaphanous  
 shadows; The air tastes good to my palate. ¹⁵³Hefts of the moving world, at innocent gambols  
 silently rising, freshly exuding, Scooting obliquely high and low. ¹⁵⁴Something I cannot see puts upward libidinous  
 prongs; Seas of bright juice suffuse heaven. ¹⁵⁵The earth by the sky staid with—the daily close of  
 their junction; The heav'd challenge from the east that moment over  
 my head; The mocking taunt, See then whether you shall be  
 master!   [ begin page 53 ]ppp.00473.053.jpg

25

¹⁵⁶Dazzling and tremendous, how quick the sun-rise  
 would kill me, If I could not now and always send sun-rise out of  
 me. ¹⁵⁷We also ascend, dazzling and tremendous as the  
 sun; We found our own, O my Soul, in the calm and cool  
 of the day-break. ¹⁵⁸My voice goes after what my eyes cannot reach; With the twirl of my tongue I encompass worlds, and  
 volumes of worlds. ¹⁵⁹Speech is the twin of my vision—it is unequal to  
 measure itself; It provokes me forever; It says sarcastically, Walt, you contain enough—why  
  don't you let it out then? ¹⁶⁰Come now, I will not be tantalized—you conceive  
 too much of articulation. ¹⁶¹Do you not know, O speech, how the buds beneath  
 you are folded? Waiting in gloom, protected by frost; The dirt receding before my prophetical screams; I underlying causes, to balance them at last; My knowledge my live parts—it keeping tally with  
 the meaning of things; Happiness—which, whoever hears me, let him or her  
 set out in search of this day. ¹⁶²My final merit I refuse you—I refuse putting from  
 me what I really am; Encompass worlds, but never try to encompass me; I crowd your sleekest and best by simply looking to- 
 ward you. C   [ begin page 54 ]ppp.00473.054.jpg ¹⁶³Writing and talk do not prove me; I carry the plenum of proof, and everything else, in  
 my face; With the hush of my lips I wholly confound the skep- 
 tic.

26

¹⁶⁴I think I will do nothing now but listen, To accrue what I hear into myself—to let sounds con- 
 tribute toward me. ¹⁶⁵I hear bravuras of birds, bustle of growing wheat, 
 gossip of flames, clack of sticks cooking my  
 meals; I hear the sound I love, the sound of the human  
 voice; I hear all sounds running together, combined, fused  
 or following; Sounds of the city, and sounds out of the city—sounds  
 of the day and night; Talkative young ones to those that like them—the  
 loud laugh of work-people at their meals; The angry base of disjointed friendship—the faint  
 tones of the sick; The judge with hands tight to the desk, his pallid lips  
 pronouncing a death-sentence; The heave'e'yo of stevedores unlading ships by the  
 wharves—the refrain of the anchor-lifters; The ring of alarm-bells—the cry of fire—the whirr of  
 swift-streaking engines and hose-carts, with  
 premonitory tinkles, and color'd lights; The steam-whistle—the solid roll of the train of ap- 
 proaching cars; The slow-march play'd at the head of the association, 
 marching two and two; (They go to guard some corpse—the flag-tops are  
 draped with black muslin.)   [ begin page 55 ]ppp.00473.055.jpg ¹⁶⁶I hear the violoncello, ('tis the young man's heart's  
 complaint;) I hear the key'd cornet—it glides quickly in through  
 my ears; It shakes mad-sweet pangs through my belly and  
 breast. ¹⁶⁷I hear the chorus—it is a grand opera; Ah, this indeed is music! This suits me. ¹⁶⁸A tenor large and fresh as the creation fills me; The orbic flex of his mouth is pouring and filling me  
 full. ¹⁶⁹I hear the train'd soprano—(what work, with hers, 
 is this?) The orchestra wrenches such ardors from me, I did  
 not know I possess'd them; It sails me—I dab with bare feet—they are lick'd by  
 the indolent waves; I am exposed, cut by bitter and angry hail—I lose my  
 breath, Steep'd amid honey'd morphine, my windpipe throt- 
 tled in fakes of death; At length let up again to feel the puzzle of puzzles, And that we call BEING.

27

¹⁷⁰To be, in any form—what is that? (Round and round we go, all of us, and ever come  
 back thither;) If nothing lay more develop't, the quahaug in its cal- 
 lous shell were enough. ¹⁷¹Mine is no callous shell; I have instant conductors all over me, whether I pass  
 or stop;   [ begin page 56 ]ppp.00473.056.jpg They seize every object, and lead it harmlessly through  
 me. ¹⁷²I merely stir, press, feel with my fingers, and am  
 happy; To touch my person to some one else's is about as  
 much as I can stand.

28

¹⁷³Is this then a touch? quivering me to a new  
 identity, Flames and ether making a rush for my veins, Treacherous tip of me reaching and crowding to help  
 them, My flesh and blood playing out lightning to strike  
 what is hardly different from myself; On all sides prurient provokers stiffening my limbs, Straining the udder of my heart for its withheld drip, Behaving licentious toward me, taking no denial, Depriving me of my best, as for a purpose, Unbuttoning my clothes, holding me by the bare  
 waist, Deluding my confusion with the calm of the sunlight  
 and pasture-fields, Immodestly sliding the fellow-senses away, They bribed to swap off with touch, and go and graze  
 at the edges of me; No consideration, no regard for my draining strength  
 or my anger; Fetching the rest of the herd around to enjoy them a  
 while, Then all uniting to stand on a headland and worry  
 me. ¹⁷⁴The sentries desert every other part of me; They have left me helpless to a red marauder; They all come to the headland, to witness and assist  
 against me.   [ begin page 57 ]ppp.00473.057.jpg ¹⁷⁵I am given up by traitors; I talk wildly—I have lost my wits—I and nobody else  
 am the greatest traitor; I went myself first to the headland—my own hands  
 carried me there. ¹⁷⁶You villain touch! what are you doing? My breath  
 is tight in its throat; Unclench your floodgates! you are too much for me.

29

¹⁷⁷Blind, loving, wrestling touch! sheath'd, hooded, 
 sharp-tooth'd touch! Did it make you ache so, leaving me? ¹⁷⁸Parting, track't by arriving—perpetual payment of  
 perpetual loan; Rich, showering rain, and recompense richer after- 
 ward. ¹⁷⁹Sprouts take and accumulate—stand by the curb  
 prolific and vital; Landscapes, projected, masculine, full-sized, and  
 golden.

30

¹⁸⁰All truths wait in all things; They neither hasten their own delivery, nor resist it; They do not need the obstetric forceps of the surgeon; The insignificant is as big to me as any; (What is less or more than a touch?) ¹⁸¹Logic and sermons never convince; The damp of the night drives deeper into my soul. ¹⁸²Only what proves itself to every man and woman  
 is so; Only what nobody denies is so.   [ begin page 58 ]ppp.00473.058.jpg ¹⁸³A minute and a drop of me settle my brain; I believe the soggy clods shall become lovers and  
 lamps, And a compend of compends is the meat of a man or  
 woman, And a summit and flower there is the feeling they have  
 for each other, And they are to branch boundlessly out of that lesson, 
 until it becomes omnific, And until every one shall delight us, and we them.

31

¹⁸⁴I believe a leaf of grass is no less than the journey- 
 work of the stars, And the pismire is equally perfect, and a grain of  
 sand, and the egg of the wren, And the tree-toad is a chef-d'oeuvre for the highest, And the running blackberry would adorn the parlors  
 of heaven, And the narrowest hinge in my hand puts to scorn all  
 machinery, And the cow crunching with depres't head surpasses  
 any statue, And a mouse is miracle enough to stagger sextillions  
 of infidels, And I could come every afternoon of my life to look  
 at the farmer's girl boiling her iron ten-kettle  
 and baking short-cake. ¹⁸⁵I find I incorporate gneiss, coal, long-threaded moss, 
 fruits, grains, esculent roots, And am stuccoed with quadrupeds and birds all over, And have distanced what is behind me for good  
 reasons, And call anything close again, when I desire it. ¹⁸⁶In vain the speeding or shyness;   [ begin page 59 ]ppp.00473.059.jpg In vain the plutonic rocks send their old heat against  
 my approach; In vain the mastadon retreats beneath its own pow- 
 der bones; In vain objects stand leagues off, and assume manifold  
 shapes; In vain the ocean settling in hollows, and the great  
 monsters lying low; In vain the buzzard houses herself with the sky; In vain the snake slides through the creepers and  
 logs; In vain the elk takes to the inner passes of the woods; In vain the razor-bill'd auk sails far north to Labrador; I follow quickly, I ascend to the nest in the fissure of  
 the cliff.

32

¹⁸⁷I think I could turn and live with animals, they are  
 so placid and self-contain'd; I stand and look at them long and long. ¹⁸⁸They do not sweat and whine about their condition; They do not lie awake in the dark and weep for their  
 sins; They do not make me sick discussing their duty to  
 God; Not one is dissatisfied—not one is demented with the  
 mania of owning things; Not one kneels to another, nor to his kind that lived  
 thousands of years ago; Not one is respectable or industrious over the whole  
 earth. ¹⁸⁹So they show their relations to me, and I accept  
 them; They bring me tokens of myself—they evince them  
 plainly in their possession.   [ begin page 60 ]ppp.00473.060.jpg ¹⁹⁰I wonder where they get those tokens: Did I pass that way huge times ago, and negligently  
 drop them? Myself moving forward then and now and forever, Gathering and showing more always and with velocity, Infinite and omnigenous, and the like of these among  
 them; Not too exclusive toward the reachers of my remem- 
 brancers; Picking out here one that I love, and now go with him  
 on brotherly terms. ¹⁹¹A gigantic beauty of a stallion, fresh and responsive  
 to my caresses, Head high in the forehead, wide between the ears, Limbs glossy and supple, tail dusting the ground, Eyes well apart, full of sparkling wickedness—ears  
 finely cut, flexibly moving. ¹⁹²His nostrils dilate, as my heels embrace him; His well-built limbs tremble with pleasure, as we speed  
 around and return. ¹⁹³I but use you a moment, then I resign you, stallion; Why do I need your paces, when I myself out-gallop  
 them? Even, as I stand or sit, passing faster than you.

33

¹⁹⁴O swift wind! O space and time! now I see it is  
 true, what I guess'd at; What I guess'd when I loaf'd on the grass; What I guess'd while I lay alone in my bed, And again as I walk'd the beach under the paling  
 stars of the morning.   [ begin page 61 ]ppp.00473.061.jpg ¹⁹⁵My ties and ballasts leave me—I travel—I sail—my  
 elbows rest in the sea-gaps; I skirt the sierras—my palms cover continents; I am afoot with my vision. ¹⁹⁶By the city's quadrangular houses—in log huts—  
 camping with lumbermen; Along the ruts of the turnpike—along the dry gulch  
 and rivulet bed; Weeding my onion-patch, or hoeing rows of carrots  
 and parsnips—crossing savannas—trailing in  
 forests; Prospecting—gold-digging—girdling the trees of a  
 new purchase; Scorch'd ankle-deep by the hot sand—hauling my boat  
 down the shallow river; Where the panther walks to and fro on a limb over- 
 head—where the buck turns furiously at the  
 hunter; Where the rattlesnake suns his flabby length on a rock  
 —where the otter is feeding on fish; Where the alligator in his tough pimples sleeps by the  
 bayou; Where the black bear is searching for roots or honey  
 —where the beaver pats the mud with his  
 paddle-shaped tail; Over the growing sugar—over the yellow-flower'd cot- 
 ton plant—over the rice in its low moist field; Over the sharp-peak'd farm house, with its scallop'd  
 scum and slender shoots from the gutters; Over the western persimmon—over the long-leav'd  
 corn—over the delicate blue-flower flax; Over the white and brown buckwheat, a hummer and  
 buzzer there with the rest; Over the dusky green of the rye as it ripples and  
 shades in the breeze; C2   [ begin page 62 ]ppp.00473.062.jpg Scaling mountains, pulling myself cautiously up, hold- 
 ing on by low scragged limbs; Walking the path worn in the grass, and beat through  
 the leaves of the brush; Where the quail is whistling betwixt the woods and  
 the wheat-lot; Where the bat flies in the Seventh-month eve—where  
 the great gold-bug drops through the dark; Where the flails keep time on the barn floor; Where the brook puts out of the roots of the old tree  
 and flows to the meadow; Where cattle stand and shake away flies with the  
 tremulous shuddering of their hides; Where the cheese-cloth hangs in the kitchen—where  
 andirons straddle the hearth  
 webs fall in festoons from the rafters; Where trip-hammers crash—where the press is whirl- 
 ing its cylinders; Wherever the human heart beats with terrible throes  
 out of its ribs; Where the pear-shaped balloon is floating aloft, float- 
 ing in it myself, and looking composedly down; Where the life-car is drawn on the slip-noose—where  
 the heat hatches pale-green eggs in the dented  
 sand; Where the she-whale swims with her calf, and never  
 forsakes it; Where the steam-ship trails hind-ways its long pennant  
 of smoke; Where the fin of the shark cuts like a black chip out  
 of the water; Where the half-burn'd brig is riding on unknown cur- 
 rents, Where shells grow to her slimy deck—where the dead  
 are corrupting below; Where the dense-starr'd flag is borne at the head of the  
 regiments; Approaching Manhattan, up by the long-stretching  
 island;   [ begin page 63 ]ppp.00473.063.jpg Under Niagara, the cataract falling like a veil over my  
 countenance; Upon a doorblock of hard wood  
 outside; Upon the race-course, or enjoying picnics or jigs, or a  
 good game of base-ball; At he-festivals, with blackguard gibes, ironical license, 
 bull-dances, drinking, laughter; At the cider-mill, tasting the sweets of the brown  
 mash, sucking the juice through a straw; At apple-peelings, wanting kisses for all the red fruit  
 I find; At musters, beach-parties, friendly bees, huskings, 
 house-raisings: Where the mocking-bird sounds his delicious gurgles, 
 cackles, screams, weeps; Where the hay-rick stands in the barn-yard—where  
 the dry-stalks are scatter'd—where the brood  
 cow waits in the hovel; Where the bull advances to do his masculine work—  
 where the stud to the mare—where the cock is  
 treading the hen; Where the heifers browse—where geese nip their food  
 with short jerks; Where sun-down shadows lengthen over the limit- 
 less and lonesome prairie; Where herds of buffalo make a crawling spread of the  
 square miles far and near; Where the humming-bird shimmers—where the neck  
 of the long-lived swan is curving and winding; Where the laughing-gull scoots by the shore, where  
 she laughs her near-human laugh; Where bee-hives range on a gray bench in the garden, 
 half hid by the high weeds; Where band-neck'd partridges roost in a ring on the  
 ground with their heads out; Where burial coaches enter the arch'd gates of a  
 cemetery;   [ begin page 64 ]ppp.00473.064.jpg Where winter wolves bark amid wastes of snow and  
 icicled trees; Where the yellow-crown'd heron comes to the edge of  
 the marsh at night and feeds upon small crabs; Where the splash of swimmers and divers cools the  
 warm noon; Where the katy-did works her chromatic reed on the  
 walnut-tree over the well; Through patches of citrons and cucumbers with silver- 
 wired leaves; Through the salt-lick or orange glade, or under con- 
 ical firs; Through the gymnasium—through the curtain'd saloon  
 —through the office or public hall; Pleas'd with the native, and pleas'd with the foreign  
 —pleas'd with the new and old; Pleas'd with women, the homely as well as the hand- 
 some; Pleas'd with the quakeress as she puts off her bonnet  
 and talks melodiously; Pleas'd with the tune of the choir of the white-washt  
 church; Pleas'd with the earnest words of the sweating Meth- 
 odist preacher, or any preacher—imprest seri- 
 ously at the camp-meeting: Looking in at the shop-windows of Broadway the  
 whole forenoon—flatting the flesh of my nose  
 on the thick plate-glass; Wandering the same afternoon with my face turn'd up  
 to the clouds, My right and left arms round the sides of two friends, 
 and I in the middle: Coming home with the silent and dark-cheek'd bush- 
 boy—behind me he rides at the drape of the  
 day; Far from the settlements, studying the print of ani- 
 mals' feet, or the moccasin print; By the cot in the hospital, reaching lemonade to a  
 feverish patient;   [ begin page 65 ]ppp.00473.065.jpg Nigh the coffin'd corpse when all is still, examining  
 with a candle: Voyaging to every port, to dicker and adventure; Hurrying with the modern crowd, as eager and fickle  
 as any; Hot toward one I hate, ready in my madness to knife  
 him; Solitary at midnight in my back yard, my thoughts  
 gone from me a long while; Walking the old hills of Judea, with the beautiful  
 gentle God by my side; Speeding through space—speeding through heaven and  
 the stars; Speeding amid the seven satellites, and the broad  
 ring, and the diameter of eighty thousand  
 miles; Speeding with tail'd meteors—throwing fire-balls like  
 the rest; Carrying the crescent child that carries its own full  
 mother in its belly; Storming, enjoying, planning, loving, cautioning, Backing and filling, appearing and disappearing; I tread day and night such roads. ¹⁹⁷I visit the orchards of spheres, and look at the  
 product; And look at quintillions ripen'd, and look at quintil- 
 lions green. ¹⁹⁸I fly the flight of the fluid and swallowing soul; My course runs below the soundings of plummets. ¹⁹⁹I help myself to material and immaterial; No guard can shut me off, nor law prevent me.   [ begin page 66 ]ppp.00473.066.jpg ²⁰⁰I anchor my ship for a little while only; My messengers continually cruise away, or bring their  
 returns to me. ²⁰¹I go hunting polar furs and the seal—leaping  
 chasms with a pike-pointed staff—clinging to  
 topples of brittle and blue. ²⁰²I ascend to the foretruck; I take my place late at night in the crow's-nest; We sail the arctic sea—it is plenty light enough; Through the clear atmosphere I stretch around on  
 the wonderful beauty; The enormous masses of ice pass me, and I pass them  
 —the scenery is plain in all directions; The white-topt mountains show in the distance—I  
 fling out my fancies toward them; (We are approaching some great battle-field in which  
 we are soon to be engaged; We pass the colossal out-posts of the encampment—  
 we pass with still feet and caution; Or we are entering by the suburbs some vast and  
 ruin'd city; The blocks and fallen architecture more than all the  
 living cities of the globe.) ²⁰³I am a free companion—I bivouac by invading  
 watchfires. ²⁰⁴I turn the bridegroom out of bed, and stay with the  
 bride myself; I tighten her all night to my thighs and lips. ²⁰⁵My voice is the wife's voice, the screech by the rail  
 of the stairs; They fetch my man's body up, dripping and drown'd.   [ begin page 67 ]ppp.00473.067.jpg ²⁰⁶I understand the large hearts of heroes, The courage of present times and all times; How the skipper saw the crowded and rudderless  
 wreck of the steam-ship, and Death chasing it  
 up and down the storm; How he knuckled tight, and gave not back one inch, 
 and was faithful of days and faithful of nights, And chalk'd in large letters, on a board, Be of good  
  cheer, we will not desert you: How he follow'd with them, and tack'd with them—  
 and would not give it up; How he saved the drifting company at last: How the lank loose-gown'd women look'd when  
 boated from the side of their prepared graves; How the silent old-faced infants, and the lifted sick, 
 and the sharp-lipp'd unshaved men: All this I swallow—it tastes good—I like it well—it  
 becomes mine; I am the man—I suffer'd—I was there. ²⁰⁷The disdain and calmness of martyrs; The mother, condemn'd for a witch, burnt with dry  
 wood, her children gazing on; The hounded slave that flags in the race, leans by the  
 fence, blowing, cover'd with sweat; The twinges that sting like needles his legs and neck  
 —the murderous buckshot and the bullets; All these I feel or am. ²⁰⁸I am the hounded slave, I wince at the bite of the  
 dogs, Hell and despair are upon me, crack and again crack  
 the marksmen; I clutch the rails of the fence, my gore dribs, thinn'd  
 with the ooze of my skin; I fall on the weeds and stones; The riders spur their unwilling horses, haul close,   [ begin page 68 ]ppp.00473.068.jpg Taunt my dizzy ears, and beat me violently over the  
 head with whip-stocks. ²⁰⁹Agonies are one of my changes of garments; I do not ask the wounded person how he feels—I my- 
 self become the wounded person; My hurts turns livid upon me as I lean on a cane and  
 observe. ²¹⁰I am the mash'd fireman with breastbone broken: Tumbling walls buried me in their debris; Heat and smoke I inspired—I heard the yelling shouts  
 of my comrades; I heard the distant click of their picks and shovels; They have clear'd the beams away—they tenderly lift  
 me forth. ²¹¹I lie in the night air in my red shirt—the pervading  
 hush is for my sake; Painless after all I lie, exhausted but not so unhappy; White and beautiful are the faces around me—the  
 heads are bared of their fire-caps; The kneeling crowd fades with the light of the  
 torches. ²¹²Distant and dead resuscitate; They show as the dial or move as the hands of me—  
 I am the clock myself. ²¹³I am an old artillerist—I tell of my fort's bombard- 
 ment; I am there again. ²¹⁴Again the long roll of the drummers; Again the attacking cannon, mortars; Again the cannon responsive.   [ begin page 69 ]ppp.00473.069.jpg ²¹⁵I take part—I see and hear the whole; The cries, curses, roar, the plaudits for well-aim'd  
 shots; The ambulanza slowly passing, trailing its red drip; Workmen searching after damages, making indispen- 
 sable repairs; The fall of grenades through the rent roof—the fan- 
 shaped explosion; The whizz of limbs, heads, stone, wood, iron, high in  
 the air. ²¹⁶Again gurgles the mouth of my dying general—he  
 furiously waves with his hand; He gasps through the clot, Mind not me—mind—the  
  entrenchments.

34

²¹⁷Now I tell what I knew in Texas in my early youth; (I tell not the fall of Alamo, Not one escaped to tell the fall of Alamo, The hundred and fifty are dumb yet at Alamo;) Tis the tale of the murder in cold blood of four hun- 
 dred and twelve young men. ²¹⁸Retreating, they had form'd in a hollow square, with  
 their baggage for breastworks; Nine hundred lives out of the surrounding enemy's, 
 nine times their number, was the price they took  
 in advance; Their colonel was wounded and their ammunition  
 gone; They treated for an honorable capitulation, receiv'd  
 writing and seal, gave up their arms, and  
 march'd back prisoners of war. ²¹⁹They were the glory of the race of rangers; Matchless with horse, rifle, song, supper, courtship,   [ begin page 70 ]ppp.00473.070.jpg Large, turbulent, generous, brave, handsome, proud, 
 and affectionate, Bearded, sunburnt, drest in the free costume of  
 hunters, Not a single one over thirty years of age. ²²⁰The second First-day morning they were brought  
 out in squads, and massacred—it was beautiful  
 early summer; The work commenced about five o'clock, and was over  
 by eight. ²²¹None obey'd the command to kneel; Some made a mad and helpless rush—some stood  
 stark and straight; A few fell at once, shot in the temple or heart—the  
 living and dead lay together; The maim'd and mangled dug in the dirt—the new- 
 comers saw them there; Some, half-kill'd, attempted to crawl away; These were despatch'd with bayonets, or batter'd with  
 the blunts of muskets; A youth not seventeen years old seiz'd his assassin till  
 two more came to release him; The three were all torn, and cover'd with the boy's  
 blood. ²²²At eleven o'clock began the burning of the bodies: That is the tale of the murder of the four hundred  
 and twelve young men.

35

²²³Would you hear of an old-fashion'd sea-fight? Would you learn who won by the light of the moon  
 and stars? List to the story as my grandmother's father, the  
 sailor, told it to me.   [ begin page 71 ]ppp.00473.071.jpg ²²⁴Our foe was no skulk in his ship, I tell you, (said he;) His was the surly English pluck—and there is no  
 tougher or truer, and never was, and never will  
 be; Along the lower'd eve he came, horribly raking us. ²²⁵We closed with him—the yards entangled—the  
 cannon touch'd; My captain lash'd fast with his own hands. ²²⁶We had receiv'd some eighteen-pound shots under  
 the water; On our lower-gun-deck two large pieces had burst at  
 the first fire, killing all around, and blowing up  
 overhead. ²²⁷Fighting at sun-down, fighting at dark; Ten o'clock at night, the full moon well up, our leaks  
 on the gain, and five feet of water reported; The master-at-arms loosing the prisoners confined in  
 the after-hold, to give them a chance for them- 
 selves. ²²⁸The transit to and from the magazine is now  
 stopt by the sentinels, They see so many strange faces, they do not know  
 whom to trust. ²²⁹Our frigate takes fire; The other asks if we demand quarter? If our colors are struck, and the fighting is done? ²³⁰Now I laugh content, for I hear the voice of my  
 little captain,(says my grandmother's father;) We have not struck, he composedly cries, we have just  
  begun our part of the fighting.   [ begin page 72 ]ppp.00473.072.jpg ²³¹Only three guns are in use; One is directed by the captain himself against the  
 enemy's main-mast; Two, well served with grape and canister, silence his  
 musketry and clear his decks. ²³²The tops alone second the fire of this little battery, 
 especially the main-top; They hold out bravely during the whole of the action. ²³³Not a moment's cease; The leaks gain fast on the pumps—the fire eats toward  
 the powder-magazine; One of the pumps has been shot away—it is generally  
 thought we are sinking. ²³⁴Serene stands the little captain; He is not hurried—his voice is neither high nor low; His eyes give more light to us than our battle- 
 lanterns. ²³⁵Toward twelve at night, there in the beams of the  
 moon, they surrender to us.

36

²³⁶O now it is not my grandmother's father there in  
 the fight; I feel it is I myself. ²³⁷Stretch'd and still lies the midnight; Two great hulls motionless on the breast of the  
 darkness; Our vessel riddled and slowly sinking—preparations  
 to pass to the one we have conquer'd; The captain on the quarter-deck coldly giving his  
 orders through a countenance white as a sheet; Near by, the corpse of the child that serv'd in the  
 cabin;   [ begin page 73 ]ppp.00473.073.jpg The dead face of an old salt with long white hair and  
 carefully curl'd whiskers; The flames, spite of all that can be done, flickering  
 aloft and below; The husky voices of the two or three officer yet fit  
 for duty; Formless stacks of bodies, and bodies by themselves—  
 dabs of flesh upon the masts and spars, Cut of cordage, dangle of rigging, slight shock of the  
 soothe of waves, Black and impassive guns, litter of powder-parcels, 
 strong scent, Delicate sniffs of sea-breeze, smells of sedgy grass and  
 fields by the shore, death-messages given in  
 charge to survivors, The hiss of the surgeon's knife, the gnawing teeth of  
 his saw, Wheeze, cluck, swash of falling blood, short wild  
 scream, and long, dull, tapering groan; These so—these irretrievable.

37

²³⁸O Christ! This is mastering me! Through the conquer'd doors they crowd. I am  
 possess'd. ²³⁹I embody all presences outlaw'd or suffering; See myself in prison shaped like another man, And feel the dull unintermitted pain. ²⁴⁰For me the keepers of convicts shoulder their car- 
 bines and keep watch; It is I let out in the morning, and barr'd at night. ²⁴¹Not a mutineer walks handcuff'd to jail, but I am  
 handcuff'd to him and walk by his side; (I am less the jolly one there, and more the silent one, 
 with sweat on my twitching lips.)   [ begin page 74 ]ppp.00473.074.jpg ²⁴²Not a youngster is taken for larceny, but I go up too, 
 and am tried and sentenced. ²⁴³Not a cholera patient lies at the last gasp, but I also  
 lie at the last gasp; My face is ash-color'd—my sinews gnarl—away from  
 me people retreat. ²⁴⁴Askers embody themselves in me, and I am embo- 
 died in them; I project my hat, sit shame-faced, and beg.

38

²⁴⁵Enough! enough! enough! Somehow I have been stunn'd. Stand back! Give me a little time beyond my cuff'd head, slumbers, 
 dreams, gaping; I discover myself on the verge of a usual mistake. ²⁴⁶That I could forget the mockers and insults! That I could forget the trickling tears, and the blows  
 of the bludgeons and hammers! That I could look with a separate look on my own  
 crucifixion and bloody crowning. ²⁴⁷I remember now; I resume the overstaid fraction; The grave of rock multiplies what has been confided  
 to it, or to any graves; Corpses rise, gashes heal, fastenings roll from me. ²⁴⁸I troop forth replenish't with supreme power, one of  
 an average unending procession; Inland and sea-coast we go, and we pass all boundary  
 lines;   [ begin page 75 ]ppp.00473.075.jpg Our swift ordinances on their way over the whole  
 earth; The blossoms we wear in our hats the growth of thous- 
 ands of years. ²⁴⁹Eleves, I salute you! come forward! Continue your annotations, continue your question- 
 ings.

39

²⁵⁰The friendly and flowing savage, Who is he? Is he waiting for civilization, or past it and master- 
 ing it? ²⁵¹Is he some south-westerner, rais'd out-doors? Is  
 he Kanadian? Is he from the Mississippi country? Iowa, Oregon, 
 California? the mountains? prairie-life, bush- 
 life? or from the sea? ²⁵²Wherever he goes, men and women accept and de- 
 sire him; They desire he should like them, touch them, speak to  
 them, stay with them. ²⁵³Behavior lawless as snow-flakes, words simple as  
 grass, uncomb'd head, laughter, and naiveté, Slow-stepping feet, common features, common modes  
 and emanations; They descend in new forms from the tips of his  
 fingers; They are wafted with the odor of his body or breath  
 —they fly out of the glance of his eyes.

40

²⁵⁴Flaunt of the sunshine, I need not your bask,—lie  
 over! You light surface only—I force surfaces and depths  
 also.   [ begin page 76 ]ppp.00473.076.jpg ²⁵⁵Earth! you seem to look for something at my hands; Say, old Top-knot! what do you want? ²⁵⁶Man or woman! I might tell how I like you, but  
 cannot; And might tell what it is in me, and what it is in you, 
 but cannot; And might tell that pining I have—that pulse of my  
 nights and days. ²⁵⁷Behold! I do not give lectures or a little charity; What I give, I give out of myself. ²⁵⁸You there, impotent, loose in the knees! Open your scarf'd chops till I blow grit within you; Spread your palms, and lift the flaps of your pockets; I am not to be denied—I compel—I have stores  
 plenty and to spare; And anything I have I bestow. ²⁵⁹I do not ask who you are—that is not so important  
 to me; You can do nothing, and be nothing, but what I will  
 infold you. ²⁶⁰To cotton-field drudge or cleaner of privies I lean; On his right cheek I put the family kiss, And deep in my soul I swear, I never will deny him. ²⁶¹On women fit for conception I start bigger and nim- 
 bler babes; This day I am jetting the stuff of far more arrogant  
 republics. ²⁶²To any one dying—thither I speed, and twist the  
 knob of the door; Turn the bed-clothes toward the foot of the bed; Let the physician and the priest go home.   [ begin page 77 ]ppp.00473.077.jpg ²⁶³I seize the descending man, and raise him with re- 
 sistless will. ²⁶⁴O despairer, here is my neck; By God! you shall not go down! Hang your whole  
 weight upon me. ²⁶⁵I dilate you with tremendous breath—I buoy you  
 up; Every room of the house do I fill with an arm'd force, Lovers of me, bafflers of graves. ²⁶⁶Sleep! I and they keep guard all night; Not doubt—not decease shall dare to lay finger upon  
 you; I have embraced you, and henceforth possess you to  
 myself; And when you rise in the morning you will find what  
 I tell you is so.

41

²⁶⁷I am he bringing help for the sick as they pant on  
 their backs; And for strong upright men I bring yet more needed  
 help. ²⁶⁸I heard what was said of the universe; Heard it and heard it of several thousand years: It is middling well as far as it goes,—But is that all? ²⁶⁹Magnifying and applying come I, Outbidding at the start the old cautious hucksters, Taking myself the exact dimensions of Jehovah, Lithographing Kronos, Zeus his son, and Hercules  
 his grandson; Buying drafts of Osiris, Isis, Belus, Brahma, Buddha, In my portfolio placing Manito loose, Allah on a leaf, 
 the crucifix engraved, With Odin, and the hideous-faced Mexitli, and every  
 idol and image;   [ begin page 78 ]ppp.00473.078.jpg Taking them all for what they are worth, and not a  
 cent more; Admitting they were alive and did the work of their  
 days; They bore mites, as for unfledg'd birds, who have now  
 to rise and fly and sing for themselves; Accepting the rough deific sketches to fill out better  
 in myself—bestowing them freely on each man  
 and woman I see; Discovering as much, or more, in a framer framing a  
 house; Putting higher claims for him there with his roll'd up  
 sleeves, driving the mallet and chisel; Not objecting to special revelations—considering a  
 curl of smoke or a hair on the back of my hand  
 just as curious as any revelation; Lads ahold of fire-engines and hook-and-ladder ropes  
 no less to me than the Gods of the antique wars; Minding their voices peal through the crash of de- 
 struction, Their brawny limbs passing safe over charr'd laths—  
 their white foreheads whole and unhurt out of  
 the flames: By the mechanic's wife with her babe at her nipple  
 interceding for every person born; Three scythes at harvest whizzing in a row from three  
 lusty angels with shirts bagg'd out at their  
 waists; The snag-tooth'd hostler with red hair redeeming sins  
 past and to come, Selling all he possesses, traveling on foot to fee law- 
 yers for his brother, and sit by him while he is  
 tried for forgery; What was strewn in the amplest strewing the square  
 rod about me, and not filling the square rod  
 then; The bull and the bug never worship'd half enough; Dung and dirt more admirable than was dream'd;   [ begin page 79 ]ppp.00473.079.jpg The supernatural of no account—myself waiting my  
 time to be one of the Supremes; The day getting ready for me when I shall do as much  
 good as the best, and be as prodigious: By my life-lumps! becoming already a creator; Putting myself here and now to the ambush't womb  
 of the shadows.

42

²⁷⁰A call in the midst of the crowd; My own voice, orotund, sweeping, and final. ²⁷¹Come my children; Come my boys and girls, my women, household, and  
 intimates; Now the performer launches his nerve—he has pass'd  
 his prelude on the reeds within. ²⁷²Easily written, loose-finger'd chords! I feel the  
 thrum of your climax and close. ²⁷³My head slues round on my neck; Music rolls, but not from the organ; Folks are around me, but they are no household of  
 mine. ²⁷⁴Ever the hard unsunk ground; Ever the eaters and drinkers—ever the upward and  
 downward sun—ever the air and the ceaseless  
 tides; Ever myself and my neighbors, refreshing, wicked, 
 real; Ever the old inexplicable query—ever that thorn'd  
 thumb—that breath of itches and thirsts; Ever the vexer's hoot! hoot! till we find where the sly  
 one hides, and bring him forth; Ever love—ever the sobbing liquid of life; Ever the bandage under the chin—ever the tressels of  
 death.   [ begin page 80 ]ppp.00473.080.jpg ²⁷⁵Here and there, with dimes on the eyes walking; To feed the greed of the belly, the brains liberally  
 spooning; Tickets buying, taking, selling, but in to the feast never  
 once going; Many sweating, ploughing, thrashing, and then the chaff  
 for payment receiving; A few idly owning, and they the wheat continually  
 claiming. ²⁷⁶This is the city, and I am one of the citizens; Whatever interests the rest interests me—politics, 
 markets, newspapers, schools, Benevolent societies, improvements, banks, tariffs, 
 steamships, factories, stocks, stores, real estate, 
 and personal estate. ²⁷⁷The little plentiful mannikins, skipping around in  
 collars and tail'd coats, I am aware who they are—(they are actually not worms  
 or fleas.) ²⁷⁸I acknowledge the duplicates of myself—the weakest  
 and shallowest is deathless with me; What I do and say, the same waits for them; Every thought that flounders in me, the same flounders  
 in them. ²⁷⁹I know perfectly well my own egotism; I know my omnivorous lines, and cannot write any less; And would fetch you, whoever you are, flush with my- 
 self. ²⁸⁰No words of routine are mine, But abruptly to question, to leap beyond, yet nearer  
 bring: This printed and bound book—but the printer, and the  
 printing-office boy?   [ begin page 81 ]ppp.00473.081.jpg The well-taken photographs—but your wife or friend  
 close and solid in your arms? The black ship mail'd with iron, her mighty guns in  
 her turrets—but the pluck of the captain and  
 engineers? In the houses, the dishes and fare and furniture—but  
 the host and hostess, and the look out of their  
 eyes? The sky up there—yet here, or next door, or across the  
 way? The saints and sages in history—but you yourself? Sermons, creeds, theology—but the fathomless human  
 brain, And what is reason? and what is love? and what is life?

43

²⁸¹I do not despise you, priests; My faith is the greatest of faiths, and the least of  
 faiths, Enclosing worship ancient and modern, and all between  
 ancient and modern, Believing I shall come again upon the earth after five  
 thousand years, Waiting responses from oracles, honoring the Gods, 
 saluting the sun, Making a fetish of the first rock or stump, powwowing  
 with sticks in the circle of obis, Helping the lama or brahmin as he trims the lamps of  
 the idols, Dancing yet through the streets in a phallic proces- 
 sion—rapt and austere in the woods, a gymno- 
 sophist, Drinking mead from the skull-cup—to Shastas and  
 Vedas admirant—minding the Koran, Walking the teokallis, spotted with gore from the stone  
 and knife, beating the serpent-skin drum, Accepting the Gospels—accepting him that was cruci- 
 fied, knowing assuredly that he is divine,   [ begin page 82 ]ppp.00473.082.jpg To the mass kneeling, or the puritan's prayer rising, 
 or sitting patiently in a pew, Ranting and frothing in my insane crisis, or waiting  
 dead-like till my spirit arouses me, Looking forth on pavement and land, or outside of  
 pavement and land, Belonging to the winders of the circuit of circuits. ²⁸²One of that centripetal and centrifugal gang, I turn  
 and talk like a man leaving charges before a  
 journey. ²⁸³Down-hearted doubters, dull and excluded, Frivolous, sullen, moping, angry, affected, disheart- 
 en, atheistical; I know every one of you—I know the sea of torment, 
 despair and unbelief. ²⁸⁴How the flukes splash! How they contort, rapid as lightning, with spasms, 
 and spouts of blood! ²⁸⁵Be at peace, bloody flukes of doubters and sullen  
 mopers; I take my place among you as much as among any; The past is the push of you, me, all, precisely the  
 same, And what is yet untried and afterward is for you, me, 
 all, precisely the same. ²⁸⁶I do not know what is untried and afterward; But I know it will in its turn prove sufficient, and can- 
 not fail. ²⁸⁷Each who passes is consider'd—each who stops is  
 consider'd—not a single one can it fail.   [ begin page 83 ]ppp.00473.083.jpg ²⁸⁸It cannot fail the young man who died and was  
 buried, Nor the young woman who died and was put by his  
 side, Nor the little child that peep'd in at the door, and  
 then drew back, and was never seen again, Nor the old man who has lived without purpose, and  
 feels it with bitterness worse than gall, Nor him in the poor house, turbercled by rum and the  
 bad disorder, Nor the numberless slaughter'd and wreck'd—nor the  
 brutish koboo call'd the ordure of humanity, Nor the sacs merely floating with open mouths for  
 food to slip in, Nor anything in the earth, or down in the oldest  
 graves of the earth, Nor anything in the myriads of spheres—nor one of  
 the myriads of myriads that inhabit them, Nor the present—nor the least wisp that is known.

44

²⁸⁹It is time to explain myself—Let us stand up. ²⁹⁰What is known I strip away; I launch all men and women forward with me into  
 THE UNKNOWN. ²⁹¹The clock indicates the moment—but what does  
 eternity indicate? ²⁹²We have thus far exhausted trillions of winters and  
 summers; There are trillions ahead, and trillions ahead of them. ²⁹³Births have brought us richness and variety, And other births will bring us richness and variety.   [ begin page 84 ]ppp.00473.084.jpg ²⁹⁴I do not call one greater and one smaller; That which fills its period and place is equal to any. ²⁹⁵Were mankind murderous or jealous upon you, my  
 brother, my sister? I am sorry for you—they are not murderous or jeal- 
 ous upon me; All has been gentle with me—I keep no account with  
 lamentation; (What have I to do with lamentation?) ²⁹⁶I am an acme of things accomplish'd, and I an  
 encloser of things to be. ²⁹⁷My feet strike an apex of the apices of the stairs; On every step bunches of ages, and larger bunches  
 between the steps; All below duly travel'd, and still I mount and mount. ²⁹⁸Rise after rise bow the phantoms behind me; Afar down I see the huge first Nothing—I know I was  
 even there; I waited unseen and always, and slept through the  
 lethargic mist, And took my time, and took no hurt from the fetid  
 carbon. ²⁹⁹Long I was hugg'd close—long and long. ³⁰⁰Immense have been the preparations for me, Faithful and friendly the arms that have help'd me. ³⁰¹Cycles ferried my cradle, rowing and rowing like  
 cheerful boatmen; For room to me stars kept aside in their own rings; They sent influences to look after what was to hold  
 me.   [ begin page 85 ]ppp.00473.085.jpg ³⁰²Before I was born out of my mother, generations  
 guided me; My embryo has never been torpid—nothing could  
 overlay it. ³⁰³For it the nebula cohered to an orb, The long slow strata piled to rest it on, Vast vegetables gave it sustenance, Monstrous sauroids transported it in their months, 
 and deposited it with care. ³⁰⁴All forces have been steadily employ'd to complete  
 and delight me; Now on this spot I stand with my robust Soul.

45

³⁰⁵O span of youth! Ever-push't elasticity! O manhood, balanced, florid, and full. ³⁰⁶My lovers suffocate me! Crowding my lips, thick in the pores of my skin, Jostling me through streets and public halls—coming  
 naked to me at night, Crying by day Ahoy! from the rocks of the river—  
 swinging and chirping over my head, Calling my name from flower-beds, vines, tangled  
 under-brush, Lighting on every moment of my life, Bussing my body with soft balsamic busses, Noiselessly passing handfuls out of their hearts, and  
 giving them to be mine. ³⁰⁷Old age superbly rising! O welcome, ineffable grace  
 of dying days! ³⁰⁸Every condition promulges not only itself—it pro- 
 mulges what grows after and out of itself, And the dark hush promulges as much as any. D   [ begin page 86 ]ppp.00473.086.jpg ³⁰⁹I open my scuttle at night and see the far-sprinkled  
 systems, And all I see, multiplied as high as I can cipher, edge  
 but the rim of the farther systems. ³¹⁰Wider and wider they spread, expanding, always  
 expanding, Outward and outward, and forever outward. ³¹¹My sun has his sun, and round him obediently  
 wheels, He joins with his partners a group of superior circuit, And greater sets follow, making specks of the greatest  
 inside them. ³¹²There is no stoppage, and never can be stoppage; If I, you, and the worlds, and all beneath or upon  
 their surfaces, were this moment reduced back  
 to a pallid float, it would not avail in the long run; We should surely bring up again where we now  
 stand, And as surely go as much farther—and then farther  
 and farther. ³¹³A few quadrillions of eras, a few octillions of cubic  
 leagues, do not hazard the span, or make it  
 impatient; They are but parts—anything is but a part. ³¹⁴See ever so far, there is limitless space outside of  
 that; Count ever so much, there is limitless time around  
 that. ³¹⁵My rendezvous is appointed—it is certain; The Lord will be there, and wait till I come, on perfect  
 terms; (The great Camerado, the lover true for whom I pine, 
 will be there.)   [ begin page 87 ]ppp.00473.087.jpg

46

³¹⁶I know I have the best of time and space, and was  
 never measured, and never will be measured. ³¹⁷I tramp a perpetual journey—(come listen all!) My signs are a rain-proof coat, good shoes, and a staff  
 cut from the woods; No friend of mine takes his ease in my chair; I have no chair, no church, no philosophy; I lead no man to a dinner-table, library, or exchange; But each man and each woman of you I lead upon a  
 knoll, My left hand hooking you round the waist, My right hand pointing to landscapes of continents, 
 and a plain public road. ³¹⁸Not I—not any one else, can travel that road for  
 you, You must travel it for yourself. ³¹⁹It is not far—it is within reach; Perhaps you have been on it since you were born, and  
 did not know; Perhaps it is every where on water and on land. ³²⁰Shoulder your duds, dear son, and I will mine, and  
 let us hasten forth, Wonderful cities and free nations we shall fetch as  
 we go. ³²¹If you tire, give me both burdens, and rest the chuff  
 of your hand on my hip, And in due time you shall repay the same service to  
 me; For after we start, we never lie by again.   [ begin page 88 ]ppp.00473.088.jpg ³²²This day before dawn I ascended a hill, and look'd  
 at the crowded heaven, And I said to my Spirit, When we become the enfolders  
  of those orbs, and the pleasure and knowledge of  
  everything in them, shall we be fill'd and satisfied  
  then? And my Spirit said No, we but level that lift, to pass and  
  continue beyond. ³²³You are also asking me questions, and I hear you; I answer that I cannot answer—you must find out for  
 yourself. ³²⁴Sit a while, dear son; Here are biscuits to eat, and here is milk to drink; But as soon as you sleep, and renew yourself in sweet  
 clothes, I kiss you with a good-bye kiss, and  
 open the gate for your egress hence. ³²⁵Long enough have you dream'd contemptible  
 dreams; Now I wash the gum from your eyes; You must habit yourself to the dazzle of the light, 
 and of every moment of your life. ³²⁶Long have you timidly waded, holding a plank by  
 the shore; Now I will you to be a bold swimmer, To jump off in the midst of the sea, rise again, nod  
 to me, shout, and laughingly dash with your  
 hair.

47

³²⁷I am the teacher of athletes; He that by me spreads a wider breast than my own, 
 proves the width of my own; He most honors my style who learns under it to  
 destroy the teacher.   [ begin page 89 ]ppp.00473.089.jpg ³²⁸The boy I love, the same becomes a man, not  
 through derived power, but in his own right, Wicked, rather than virtuous out of conformity or  
 fear, Fond of his sweetheart, relishing well his steak, Unrequited love, or a slight, cutting him worse than  
 sharp steel cuts, First-rate to ride, to fight, to hit the bull's-eye, to sail  
 a skiff, to sing a song, or play on the banjo, Preferring scars, and the beard, and faces pitted with  
 small-pox, over all latherers, And those well tann'd to those that keep out of the sun. ³²⁹I teach straying from me—yet who can stray from  
 me? I follow you, whoever you are, from the present  
 hour; My words itch at your ears till you understand them. ³³⁰I do not say these things for a dollar, or to fill up  
 the time while I wait for a boat; It is you talking just as much as myself—I act as the  
 tongue of you; Tied in your mouth, in mine it begins to be loosen'd. ³³¹I swear I will never again mention love or death in- 
 side a house, And I swear I will never translate myself at all, only  
 to him or her who privately stays with me in  
 the open air. ³³²If you would understand me, go to the heights or  
 water-shore; The nearest gnat is an explanation, and a drop or mo- 
 tion of waves a key; The maul, the oar, the hand-saw, second my words.   [ begin page 90 ]ppp.00473.090.jpg ³³³No shutter'd room or school can commune with me, But roughs and little children better than they. ³³⁴The young mechanic is closest to me—he knows me  
 well; The woodman, that takes his axe and jug with him, 
 shall take me with him all day; The farm-boy, ploughing in the field, feels good at the  
 sound of my voice; In vessels that sail, my words sail—I go with fisher- 
 men and seamen, and love them. ³³⁵The soldier camp'd, or upon the march, is mine; On the night ere the pending battle, many seek me, 
 and I do not fail them; On the solemn night (it may be their last,) those that  
 know me, seek me. ³³⁶My face rubs to the hunter's face, when he lies down  
 alone in his blanket; The driver, thinking of me, does not mind the jolt of  
 his wagon; The young mother and old mother comprehend me; The girl and the wife rest the needle a moment, and  
 forget where they are; They and all would resume what I have told them.

48

³³⁷I have said that the soul is not more than the body, And I have said that the body is not more than the soul: And nothing, not God, is greater to one than one's  
 self is, And whoever walks a furlong without sympathy, walks  
 to his own funeral, drest in his shroud, And I or you, pocketless of a dime, may purchase the  
 pick of the earth,   [ begin page 91 ]ppp.00473.091.jpg And to glance with an eye, or show a bean in its pod, 
 confounds the learning of all times, And there is no trade or employment but the young  
 man following it may become a hero, And there is no object so soft but it makes a hub for  
 the wheel'd universe, And I say to any man or woman, Let your soul stand  
 cool and composed before a million universes. ³³⁸And I say to mankind, Be not curious about God, For I, who am curious about each, am not curious  
 about God; (No array of terms can say how much I am at peace  
 about God, and about death.) ³³⁹I hear and behold God in every object, yet under- 
 stand God not in the least, Nor do I understand who there can be more wonder- 
 ful than myself. ³⁴⁰Why should I wish to see God better than this day? I see something of God each hour of the twenty-four, 
 and each moment then; In the faces of men and women I see God, and in my  
 own face in the glass; I find letters from God drop't in the street—and every  
 one is sign'd by God's name, And I leave them where they are, for I know that  
 wheresoe'er I go, Others will punctually come forever and ever.

49

³⁴¹And as to you Death, and you bitter hug of mor- 
 tality, it is idle to try to alarm me. ³⁴²To his work without flinching the accoucheur  
 comes; I see the elder hand, pressing, receiving, supporting; I recline by the sills of the exquisite flexible doors, And mark the outlet, and mark the relief and escape.   [ begin page 92 ]ppp.00473.092.jpg ³⁴³And as to you, Corpse, I think you are good man- 
 nure—but that does not offend me; I smell the white roses sweet-scented and growing, I reach to the leafy lips—I reach to the polish't breasts  
 of melons. ³⁴⁴And as to you Life, I reckon you are the leavings of  
 many deaths; (No doubt I have died myself ten thousand times  
 before.) ³⁴⁵I hear you whispering there, O stars of heaven; O suns! O grass of graves! O perpetual transfers and  
 promotions! If you do not say anything, how can I say anything. ³⁴⁶Of the turbid pool that lies in the autumn forest, Of the moon that descends the steeps of the soughing  
 twilight, Toss, sparkles of day and dusk! toss on the black  
 stems that decay in the muck! Toss to the moaning gibberish of the dry limbs. ³⁴⁷I ascend from the moon, I ascend from the night; I perceive that the ghastly glimmer is noonday sun- 
 beams reflected; And debouch to the steady and central from the off- 
 spring great or small.

50

³⁴⁸There is that in me—I do not know what it is—but  
 I know it is in me. ³⁴⁹Wrench't and sweaty—calm and cool then my body  
 becomes; I sleep—I sleep long. ³⁵⁰I do not know it—it is without name—it is a word  
 unsaid; It is not in any dictionary, utterance, symbol.   [ begin page 93 ]ppp.00473.093.jpg ³⁵¹Something it swings on more than the earth I swing  
 on; To it the creation is the friend whose embracing awakes  
 me. ³⁵²Perhaps I might tell more. Outlines! I plead for  
 my brothers and sisters. ³⁵³Do you see, O my brothers and sisters? It is not chaos or death—it is form, union, plan—it is  
 eternal life—it is HAPPINESS. ³⁵⁴The past and present wilt—I have fill'd them, emp- 
 tied them, And proceed to fill my next fold of the future.

51

³⁵⁵Listener up there! Here you! What have you to  
 confide to me? Look in my face, while I snuff the sidle of evening; Talk honestly—no one else hears you, and I stay only  
 a minute longer. ³⁵⁶Do I contradict myself? Very well, then, I contradict myself; I am large—I contain multitudes. ³⁵⁷I concentrate toward them that are nigh—I wait on  
 the door-slab. ³⁵⁸Who has done his day's work? Who will soonest be  
 through with his supper? Who wishes to walk with me? ³⁵⁹Will you speak before I am gone? Will you prove  
 already too late?

52

³⁶⁰The spotted hawk swoops by and accuses me—he  
 complains of my gab and my loitering.   [ begin page 94 ]ppp.00473.094.jpg ³⁶¹I too am not a bit tamed—I too am untranslatable; I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world. ³⁶²The last scud of day holds back for me; It flings my likeness after the rest, and true as any, on  
 the shadow'd wilds; It coaxes me to the vapor and the dusk. ³⁶³I depart as air—I shake my white locks at the run- 
 away sun; I effuse my flesh in eddies, and drift it in lacy jags. ³⁶⁴I bequeathe myself to the dirt, to grow from the  
 grass I love; If you want me again, look for me under your boot-soles. ³⁶⁵You will hardly know who I am, or what I mean; But I shall be good health to you nevertheless, And filter and fibre your blood. ³⁶⁶Failing to fetch me at first, keep encouraged; Missing me one place, search another; I stop somewhere, waiting for you.   [ begin page 95 ]ppp.00473.095.jpg

CHILDREN OF ADAM.

TO THE GARDEN, THE WORLD.

To THE garden, the world, anew ascending, Potent mates, daughters, sons, preluding, The love, the life of their bodies, meaning and being, Curious, here behold my resurrection, after slumber; The revolving cycles, in their wide sweep, having  
 brought me again, Amorous, mature—all beautiful to me—all wondrous; My limbs, and the quivering fire that ever plays through  
 them, for reasons, most wondrous; Existing, I peer and penetrate still, Content with the present—content with the past, By my side, or back of me, Eve following, Or in front, and I following her just the same.

FROM PENT-UP ACHING RIVERS.

FROM pent-up, aching rivers; From that of myself, without which I were nothing; From what I am determin'd to make illustrious, even  
 if I stand sole among men; From my own voice resonant—singing the phallus, Singing the song of procreation,   [ begin page 96 ]ppp.00473.096.jpg Singing the need of superb children, and therein superb  
 grown people, Singing the muscular urge and the blending, Singing the bedfellow's song, (O resistless yearning! O for any and each, the body correlative attracting! O for you, whoever you are, your correlative body! O  
 it, more than all else, you delighting!) —From the hungry gnaw that eats me night and day; From native moments—from bashful pains—singing  
 them; Singing something yet unfound, though I have dili- 
 gently sought it, many a long year; Singing the true song of the Soul, fitful, at random; Singing what, to the Soul, entirely redeem'd her, the  
 faithful one, even the prostitute, who detain'd  
 me when I went to the city; Singing the song of prostitutes; Renascent with grossest Nature, or among animals; Of that—of them, and what goes with them, my poems  
 informing; Of the smell of apples and lemons—of the pairing of  
 birds, Of the wet of woods—of the lapping of waves, Of the mad pushes of waves upon the land—I them  
 chanting; The overture lightly sounding—the strain anticipat- 
 ing; The welcome nearness—the sight of the perfect body; The swimmer swimming naked in the bath, or motion- 
 less on his back lying and floating; The female form approaching—I, pensive, love-flesh  
 tremulous, aching; —The slave's body for sale,—I, sternly, with harsh  
 voice, auctioneering; The divine list, for myself or you, or for any one, mak- 
 ing; The face—the limbs—the index from head to foot, and  
 what it arouses;   [ begin page 97 ]ppp.00473.097.jpg The mystic deliria—the madness amorous—the utter  
 abandonment; (Hark close, and still, what I now whisper to you, I love you—O you entirely possess me, O I wish that you and I escape from the rest, and go  
 utterly off—O free and lawless, Two hawks in the air—two fishes swimming in the sea  
 not more lawless than we;) —The furious storm through me careering—I passion- 
 ately trembling; The oath of the inseparableness of two together—of  
 the woman that loves me, and whom I love more  
 than my life—that oath swearing; (O I willingly stake all, for you! O let me be lost, if it must be so! O you and I—what is it to us what the rest do or  
 think? What is all else to us? only that we enjoy each other,  
 and exhaust each other, if it must be so;) —From the master—the pilot I yield the vessel to; The general commanding me, commanding all—from  
 him permission taking; From time the programme hastening, (I have loiter'd  
 too long, as to is;) From sex—From the warp and from the woof; (To talk to the perfect girl who understands me, To waft to her these from my own lips—to effuse them  
 from my own body;) From privacy—from frequent repinings alone; From plenty of persons near, and yet the right person  
 not near; From the soft sliding of hands over me, and thrusting  
 of fingers through my hair and beard; From the long sustain'd kiss upon the mouth or bosom; From the close pressure that makes me or any man  
 drunk, fainting with excess; From what the divine husband knows—from the work  
 of fatherhood;   [ begin page 98 ]ppp.00473.098.jpg From exultation, victory, and relief—from the bedfel- 
 low embrace in the night; From the act-poems of eyes, hands, hips, and bosoms, From the cling of the trembling arm, From the bending curve and the clinch, From side by side, the pliant coverlid off-throwing, From the one so unwilling to have me leave—and me  
 just as unwilling to leave, (Yet a moment, O tender waiter, and I return;) —From the hour of shining stars and dropping dews, From the night, a moment, I, emerging, flitting out, Celebrate you, act divine—and you, children prepared  
 for, And you, stalwart loins.

I SING THE BODY ELECTRIC.

1

¹ I SING the Body electric; The armies of those I love engirth me, and I engirth 
 them; They will not let me off till I go with them, respond 
 to them, And discorrupt them, and charge them full with the 
 charge of the Soul. ²Was it doubted that those who corrupt their own 
 bodies conceal themselves? And if those who defile the living are as bad as they 
 who defile the dead? And if the body does not do as much as the Soul? And if the body were not the Soul, what is the Soul?   [ begin page 99 ]ppp.00473.099.jpg

2

³The love of the Body of man or woman balks ac- 
 count—the body itself balks account; That of the male is perfect, and that of the female is 
 perfect. ⁴The expression of the face balks account; But the expression of a well-made man appears not 
 only in his face; It is in his limbs and joints also, it is curiously in the 
 joints of his hips and wrists; It is in his walk, the carriage of his neck, the flex of 
 his waist and knees—dress does not hide him; The strong, sweet, supple quality he has, strikes 
 through the cotton and flannel; To see him pass conveys as much as the best poem,  
 perhaps more; You linger to see his back, and the back of his neck 
 and shoulder-side. ⁵The sprawl and fulness of babes, the bosoms and 
 heads of women, the folds of their dress, their 
 style as we pass in the street, the contour of 
 their shape downwards, The swimmer naked in the swimming bath, seen as he 
 swims through the transparent green-shine, or 
 lies with his face up, and rolls silently to and 
 fro in the heave of the water, The bending forward and backward of rowers in row- 
 boats—the horseman in his saddle, Girls, mothers, house-keepers, in all their perform- 
 ances, The group of laborers seated at noon-time with their 
 open dinner-kettles, and their wives waiting, The female soothing a child—the farmer's daughter in 
 the garden or cow-yard, The young fellow hoeing corn—the sleigh-driver 
 guiding his six horses through the crowd,   [ begin page 100 ]ppp.00473.100.jpg The wrestle of wrestlers, two apprentice-boys, quite 
 grown, lusty, good-natured, native-born, out on 
 the vacant lot at sun-down, after work, The coats and caps thrown down, the embrace of love 
 and resistance, The upper-hold and under-hold, the hair rumpled 
 over and blinding the eyes; The march of firemen in their own costumes, the play 
 of masculine muscle through clean-setting 
 trowsers and waist-straps, The slow return from the fire, the pause when the bell 
 strikes suddenly again, and the listening on the 
 alert, The natural, perfect, varied attitudes—the bent head,  
 the curv'd neck, and the counting; Such-like I love—I loosen myself, pass freely, am at 
 the mother's breast with the little child, Swim with the swimmers, wrestle with wrestlers, march 
 in line with the firemen, and pause, listen,  
 and count.

3

⁶I knew a man, a common farmer—the father of 
 five sons; And in them were the fathers of sons—and in them 
 were the fathers of sons. ⁷This man was of wonderful vigor, calmness, beauty 
 of person; The shape of his head, the richness and breadth of 
 his manners, the pale yellow and white of his 
 hair and beard, and the immeasurable meaning 
 of his black eyes, These I used to go and visit him to see—he was wise 
 also; He was six feet tall, he was over eighty years old—his 
 sons were massive, clean, bearded, tan-faced,  
 handsome;   [ begin page 101 ]ppp.00473.101.jpg They and his daughters loved him—all who saw him 
 loved him; They did not love him by allowance—they loved him 
 with personal love; He drank water only—the blood show'd like scarlet 
 through the clear-brown skin of his face; He was a frequent gunner and fisher—he sail'd his 
 boat himself—he had a fine one presented to 
 him by a ship-joiner—he had fowling-pieces,  
 presented to him by men that loved him; When he went with his five sons and many grand-sons 
 to hunt or fish, you would pick him out as the 
 most beautiful and vigorous of the gang, You would wish long and long to be with him—you 
 would wish to sit by him in the boat, that you 
 and he might touch each other.

4

⁸I have perceiv'd that to be with those I like is 
 enough, To stop in company with the rest at evening is 
 enough, To be surrounded by beautiful, curious, breathing,  
 laughing flesh is enough, To pass among them, or touch any one, or rest my 
 arm ever so lightly round his or her neck for a 
 moment—what is this then? I do not ask any more delight—I swim in it, as in a 
 sea. ⁹There is something in staying close to men and wo- 
 men, and looking on them, and in the contact 
 and odor of them, that pleases the soul well; All things please the soul—but these please the soul 
 well.

5

¹⁰This is the female form; A divine nimbus exhales from it from head to foot; E   [ begin page 102 ]ppp.00473.102.jpg It attracts with fierce undeniable attraction! I am drawn by its breath as if I were no more than a 
 helpless vapor—all falls aside but myself and it; Books, art, religion, time, the visible and solid earth,  
 the atmosphere and the clouds, and what was 
 expected of heaven or fear'd of hell, are now 
 consumed; Mad filaments, ungovernable shoots play out of it, the 
 response likewise ungovernable! Hair, bosom, hips, bend of legs, negligent falling 
 hands, all diffused—mine too diffused; Ebb stung by the flow, and flow stung by the ebb— 
 love-flesh swelling and deliciously aching; Limitless limpid jets of love hot and enormous,  
 quivering jelly of love, white-blow and deliri- 
 ous juice; Bridegroom night of love, working surely and softly 
 into the prostrate dawn; Undulating into the willing and yielding day, Lost in the cleave of the clasping and sweet-flesh'd 
 day. ¹¹This is the nucleus—after the child is born of 
 woman, the man is born of woman; This is the bath of birth—this is the merge of small 
 and large, and the outlet again. ¹²Be not ashamed, women—your privilege encloses 
 the rest, and is the exit of the rest, You are the gates of the body, and you are the gates 
 of the soul. ¹³The female contains all qualities, and tempers them 
 —she is in her place, and moves with perfect 
 balance; She is all things duly veil'd—she is both passive and 
 active; She is to conceive daughters as well as sons, and sons 
 as well as daughters.   [ begin page 103 ]ppp.00473.103.jpg ¹⁴As I see my soul reflected in nature; As I see through a mist, one with inexpressible com- 
 pleteness and beauty, See the bent head, and arms folded over the breast— 
 the female I see.

6

¹⁵The male is not less the soul, nor more—he too is 
 in his place; He too is all qualities—he is action and power; The flush of the known universe is in him; Scorn becomes him well, and appetite and defiance 
 become him well; The wildest largest passions, bliss that is utmost, sor- 
 row that is utmost, become him well—pride is 
 for him; The full-spread pride of man is calming and excellent 
 to the soul; Knowledge becomes him—he likes it always—he 
 brings everything to the test of himself; Whatever the survey, whatever the sea and the sail, he 
 strikes soundings at last only here; Where else does he strike soundings, except here? ¹⁶The man's body is sacred, and the woman's body is 
 sacred; No matter who it is, it is sacred; Is it a slave? Is it one of the dull-faced immigrants 
 just landed on the wharf? Each belongs here or anywhere, just as much as the 
 well-off—just as much as you; Each has his or her place in the procession. ¹⁷All is a procession; The universe is a procession, with measured and beau- 
 tiful motion.   [ begin page 104 ]ppp.00473.104.jpg ¹⁸Do you know so much yourself, that you call the slave 
 or the dull-face ignorant? Do you suppose you have a right to a good sight, and 
 he or she has no right to a sight? Do you think matter has cohered together from its 
 diffuse float—and the soil is on the surface,  
 and water runs, and vegetation sprouts, For you only, and not for him and her?

7

¹⁹A man's Body at auction; I help the auctioneer—the sloven does not half know 
 his business. ²⁰Gentlemen, look on this wonder! Whatever the bids of the bidders, they cannot be high 
 enough for it; For it the globe lay preparing quintillions of years,  
 without one animal or plant; For it the revolving cycles truly and steadily roll'd. ²¹In this head the all-baffling brain; In it and below it, the makings of heroes. ²²Examine these limbs, red, black, or white—they are 
 so cunning in tendon and nerve; They shall be stript, that you may see them. ²³Exquisite senses, life-lit eyes, pluck, volition, Flakes of breast-muscle, pliant back-bone and neck,  
 flesh not flabby, good sized arms and legs, And wonders within there yet. ²⁴Within there runs blood, The same old blood! The same red-running blood! There swells and jets a heart—there all passions, de- 
 sires, reachings, aspirations; Do you think they are not there because they are not 
 express'd in parlors and lecture—rooms?   [ begin page 105 ]ppp.00473.105.jpg ²⁵This is not only one man—this is the father of those 
 who shall be fathers in their turns; In him the start of populous states and rich republics; Of him countless immortal lives, with countless em- 
 bodiments and enjoyments. ²⁶How do you know who shall come from the off- 
 spring of his offspring through the centuries? Who might you find you have come from yourself, if 
 you could trace back through the centuries?

8

²⁷A woman's Body at auction! She too is not only herself—she is the teeming 
 mother of mothers; She is the bearer of them that shall grow and be 
 mates to the mothers. ²⁸Have you ever loved the Body of a woman? Have you ever loved the Body of a man? Your father—where is your father? Your mother—is she living? have you been much 
 with her? and has she been much with you? Do you not see that these are exactly the same to all,  
 in all nations and times, all over the earth? ²⁹If any thing is sacred, the human body is sacred, And the glory and sweet of a man, is the token of man- 
 hood untainted; And in man or woman, a clean, strong, firm-fibred 
 body, is beautiful as the most beautiful face. ³⁰Have you seen the fool that corrupted his own live 
 body? or the fool that corrupted her own live 
 body? For they do not conceal themselves, and cannot con- 
 ceal themselves.   [ begin page 106 ]ppp.00473.106.jpg

9

³¹O my Body! I dare not desert the likes of you in 
 other men and women, nor the likes of the 
 parts of you; I believe the likes of you are to stand or fall with the 
 likes of the Soul, (and that they are the Soul;) I believe the likes of you shall stand or fall with my 
 poems—and that they are poems, Man's, woman's, child's, youth's, wife's, husband's,  
 mother's, father's, young man's, young woman's 
 poems; Head, neck, hair, ears, drop and tympan of the ears, Eyes, eye-fringes, iris of the eye, eye-brows, and the 
 waking or sleeping of the lids, Mouth, tongue, lips, teeth, roof of the mouth, jaws,  
 and the jaw-hinges, Nose, nostrils of the nose, and the partition, Cheeks, temples, forehead, chin, throat, back of the 
 neck, neck-slue, Strong shoulders, manly beard, scapula, hind-shoul- 
 ders, and the ample side-round of the chest, Upper-arm, arm-pit, elbow-socket, lower-arm, arm- 
 sinews, arm-bones, Wrist and wrist-joints, hand, palm, knuckles, thumb,  
 fore-finger, finger-balls, finger-joints, finger- 
 nails, Broad breast-front, curling hair of the breast, breast- 
 bone, breast-side, Ribs, belly, backbone, joints of the back-bone, Hips, hip-sockets, hip-strength, inward and outward 
 round, man-balls, man-root, Strong set of thighs, well carrying the trunk above, Leg-fibres, knee, knee-pan, upper-leg, under-leg, Ankles, instep, foot-ball, toes, toe-joints, the heel; All attitudes, all the shapeliness, all the belongings of 
 my or your body, or of any one's body, male or 
 female,   [ begin page 107 ]ppp.00473.107.jpg The lung-sponges, the stomach-sac, the bowels sweet 
 and clean, The brain in its folds inside the skull-frame, Sympathies, heart-valves, palate-valves, sexuality, ma- 
 ternity, Womanhood, and all that is a woman—and the man 
 that comes from woman, The womb, the teats, nipples, breast-milk, tears, laugh- 
 ter, weeping, love-looks, love-perturbations and 
 risings, The voice, articulation, language, whispering, shout- 
 ing aloud, Food, drink, pulse, digestion, sweat, sleep, walking,  
 swimming, Poise on the hips, leaping, reclining, embracing, arm- 
 curving and tightening, The continual changes of the flex of the mouth, and 
 around the eyes, The skin, the sun-burnt shade, freckles, hair, The curious sympathy one feels, when feeling with the 
 hand the naked meat of the body, The circling rivers, the breath, and breathing it in 
 and out, The beauty of the waist, and thence of the hips, and 
 thence downward toward the knees, The thin red jellies within you, or within me—the 
 bones, and the marrow in the bones, The exquisite realization of health; O I say, these are not the parts and poems of the Body 
 only, but of the Soul, O I say now these are the Soul!   [ begin page 108 ]ppp.00473.108.jpg

A WOMAN WAITS FOR ME.

¹ A WOMAN waits for me—she contains all, nothing is  
 lacking, Yet all were lacking, if sex were lacking, or if the  
 moisture of the right man were lacking. ²Sex contains all, Bodies, Souls, meanings, proofs, purities, delicacies, 
 results, promulgations, Songs, commands, health, pride, the maternal mystery, 
 the semitic milk, All hopes, benefactions, bestowals, All the passions, loves, beauties, delights of the  
 earth, All the governments, judges, gods, follow'd persons of  
 the earth, These are contain'd in sex, as parts of itself, and jus- 
 tifications of itself. ³Without shame the man I like knows and avows the  
 deliciousness of his sex, Without shame the woman I like knows and avows  
 hers. ⁴Now I will dismiss myself from impassive women, I will go stay with her who waits for me, and with  
 those women that are warm-blooded and suffi- 
 cient for me: I see that they understand me, and do not deny me: I see that they are worthy of me—I will be the robust  
 husband of those women. ⁵They are not one jot less than I am, They are tann'd in the face by shining suns and  
 blowing winds, Their flesh has the old divine suppleness and strength,   [ begin page 109 ]ppp.00473.109.jpg They know how to swim, row, ride, wrestle, shoot, run, 
 strike, retreat, advance, resist, defend them- 
 selves, They are ultimate in their own right—they are calm, 
 clear, well-possess'd of themselves. ⁶I draw you close to me, you women! I cannot let you go, I would do you good, I am for you, and you are for me, not only for our  
 own sake, but for others' sakes; Evelop'd in you sleep greater heroes and bards, They refuse to awake at the touch of any man but me: ⁷It is I, you women—I make my way, I am stern, acrid, large, undissuadable—but I love you, I do not hurt you any more than is necessary for you, I pour the stuff to start sons and daughters fit for  
 These States—I press with slow rude muscle, I brace myself effectually—I listen to no entreaties, I dare not withdraw till I deposit what has so long  
 accumulated within me. ⁸Through you I drain the pent-up rivers of myself, In you I wrap a thousand onward years, On you I graft the grafts of the best-beloved of me  
 and America, The drops I distil upon you shall grow fierce and ath- 
 letic girls, new artists, musicians, and singers, The babes I beget upon you are to beget babes in  
 their turn, I shall demand perfect men and women out of my  
 love-spendings, I shall expect them to interpenetrate with others, as I  
 and you interpenetrate now, I shall count on the fruits of the gushing showers of  
 them, as I count on the fruits of the gushing  
 showers I give now, I shall look for loving crops from the birth, life, death, 
 immortality, I plant so lovingly now. E2   [ begin page 110 ]ppp.00473.110.jpg

SPONTANEOUS ME

SPONTANEOUS me, Nature, The loving day, the mounting sun, the friend I am  
 happy with, The arm of my friend hanging idly over my shoulder, The hill-side whiten'd with blossoms of the mountain  
 ash, The same, late in autumn—the hues of red, yellow,  
 drab, purple, and light and dark green, The rich coverlid of the grass—animals and birds—  
 the private untrimm'd bank—the primitive  
 apples—the pebble-stones, Beautiful dripping fragments—the negligent list of  
 one after another, as I happen to call them to  
 me, or think of them, The real poems, (what we call poems being merely  
 pictures,) The poems of the privacy of the night, and of men  
 like me, This poem, drooping shy and unseen, that I always  
 carry, and that all men carry, (Know, once for all, avow'd on purpose, wherever are  
 men like me, are our lusty, lurking, masculine  
 poems;) Love-thoughts, love-juice, love-odor, love-yielding,  
 love-climbers, and the climbing sap, Arms and hands of love—lips of love—phallic thumb  
 of love—breasts of love—bellies press'd and  
 glued together with love, Earth of chaste love—life that is only life after love, The body of my love—the body of the woman I  
 love—the body of the man—the body of the  
 earth, Soft forenoon airs that blow from the south-west,   [ begin page 111 ]ppp.00473.111.jpg The hairy wild-bee that murmurs and hankers up and  
 down—that gripes the full-grown lady-flower,  
 curves upon her with amorous firm legs, takes  
 his will of her, and holds himself tremulous  
 and tight till he is satisfied, The wet of woods through the early hours, Two sleepers at night lying close together as they  
 sleep, one with an arm slanting down across  
 and below the waist of the other, The smell of apples, aromas from crush'd sage-plant,  
 mint, birch-bark, The boy's longings, the glow and pressure as he con- 
 fides to me what he was dreaming, The dead leaf whirling its spiral whirl, and falling  
 still and content to the ground, The no-form'd stings that sights, people, objects, sting  
 me with, The hubb'd sting of myself, stinging me as much as it  
 ever can any one, The sensitive, orbic, underlapp'd brothers, that only  
 privileged feelers may be intimate where they  
 are, The curious roamer, the hand, roaming all over the  
 body—the bashful withdrawing of flesh where  
 the fingers soothingly pause and edge them- 
 selves, The limpid liquid within the young man, The vexed corrosion, so pensive and so painful, The torment—the irritable tide that will not be at rest, The like of the same I feel—the like of the same in  
 others, The young man that flushes and flushes, and the  
 young woman that flushes and flushes, The young man that wakes, deep at night, the hot  
 hand seeking to repress what would master  
 him; The mystic amorous night—the strange half-welcome  
 pangs, visions, sweats,   [ begin page 112 ]ppp.00473.112.jpg The pulse pounding through palms and trembling  
 encircling fingers—the young man all color'd,  
 red, ashamed, angry; The souse upon me of my lover the sea, as I lie willing  
 and naked, The merriment of the twin-babes that crawl over the  
 grass in the sun, the mother never turning her  
 vigilant eyes from them, The walnut-trunk, the walnut-husks, and the ripening  
 or ripen'd long-round walnuts; The continence of vegetables, birds, animals, The consequent meanness of me should I skulk or find  
 myself indecent, while birds and animals never  
 once skulk or find themselves indecent; The great chastity of paternity, to match the great  
 chastity of maternity, The oath of procreation I have sworn—my Adamic  
 and fresh daughters, The greed that eats me day and night with hungry  
 gnaw, till I saturate what shall produce boys to  
 fill my place when I am through, The wholesome relief, repose, content; And this bunch, pluck'd at random from myself; It has done its work—I toss it carelessly to fall where  
 it may.

ONE HOUR TO MADNESS AND JOY

¹ ONE hour to madness and joy! O furious! O confine me not! (What is this that frees me so in storms? What do my shouts amid lightnings and raging winds  
 mean?)   [ begin page 113 ]ppp.00473.113.jpg ²O to drink the mystic deliria deeper than any  
 other man! O savage and tender achings! (I bequeath them to you, my children, I tell them to you, for reasons, O bridegroom and  
 bride.) ³O to be yielded to you, whoever you are, and you to  
 be yielded to me, in defiance of the world! O to return to Paradise! O bashful and feminine! O to draw you to me—to plant on you for the first  
 time the lips of a determin'd man! ⁴O the puzzle—the thrice-tied knot—the deep and  
 dark pool! O all untied and illumin'd! O to speed where there is space enough and air  
 enough at last! O to be absolv'd from previous ties and conventions—  
 I from mine, and you from yours! O to find a new unthought-of nonchalance with the  
 best of nature! O to have the gag remov'd from one's mouth! O to have the feeling, to-day or any day, I am suffi- 
 cient as I am! ⁵O something unprov'd! something in a trance! O madness amorous! O trembling! O to escape utterly from others' anchors and holds! To drive free! to love free! to dash reckless and dan- 
 gerous! To court destruction with taunts—with invitations! To ascend—to leap to the heavens of the love indicated  
 to me! To rise thither with my inebriate Soul! To be lost, if it must be so! To feed the remainder of life with one hour of fulness  
 and freedom! With one brief hour of madness and joy.   [ begin page 114 ]ppp.00473.114.jpg

WE TWO—HOW LONG WE WERE FOOL'D.

WE two—how long we were fool'd! Now transmuted, we swiftly escape, as Nature escapes; We are Nature—long have we been absent, but now  
 we return; We become plants, leaves, foliage, roots, bark; We are bedded in the ground—we are rocks; We are oaks—we grow in the openings side by side; We browse—we are two among the wild herds, spon- 
 taneous as any; We are two fishes swimming in the sea together; We are what the locust blossoms are—we drop scent  
 around the lanes, mornings and evenings; We are also the coarse smut of beasts, vegetables,  
 minerals; We are two predatory hawks—we soar above, and look  
 down; We are two resplendent suns—we it is who balance  
 ourselves, orbic and stellar—we are as two  
 comets; We prowl fang'd and four-footed in the woods—we  
 spring on prey; We are two clouds, forenoons and afternoons, driving  
 overhead; We are seas mingling—we are two of those cheerful  
 waves, rolling over each other, and interwetting  
 each other; We are what the atmosphere is, transparent, receptive,  
 pervious, impervious; We are snow, rain, cold, darkness—we are each pro- 
 duct and influence of the globe; We have circled and circled till we have arrived home  
 again—we two have; We have voided all but freedom, and all but our own  
 joy.   [ begin page 115 ]ppp.00473.115.jpg

NATIVE MOMENTS.

NATIVE moments! when you come upon me—Ah you  
 are here now! Give me now libidinous joys only! Give me the drench of my passions! Give me life  
 coarse and rank! To-day, I go consort with nature's darlings—to-night too; I am for those who believe in loose delights—I share  
 the midnight orgies of young men; I dance with the dancers, and drink with the drinkers; The echoes ring with our indecent calls; I take for my love some prostitute—I pick out some  
 low person for my dearest friend, He shall be lawless, rude, illiterate—he shall be one  
 condemn'd by others for deeds done; I will play a part no longer—Why should I exile my- 
 self from my companions? O you shunn'd persons! I at least do not shun you, I come forthwith in your midst—I will be your poet, I will be more to you than to any of the rest.

ONCE I PASS'D THROUGH A POPULOUS CITY.

ONCE I pass'd through a populous city, imprinting my  
 brain, for future use, with its shows, architec- 
 ture, customs, and traditions; Yet now, of all that city, I remember only a woman I  
 casually met there, who detain'd me for love of  
 me; Day by day and night by night we were together,—All  
 else has long been forgotten by me; I remember, I say, only that woman who passionately  
 clung to me; Again we wander—we love—we separate again; Again she holds me by the hand—I must not go! I see her close beside me, with silent lips, sad and  
 tremulous.   [ begin page 116 ]ppp.00473.116.jpg

FACING WEST FROM CALIFORNIA'S SHORES.

FACING west, from California's shores, Inquiring, tireless, seeking what is yet unfound, I, a child, very old, over waves, towards the house of  
 maternity, the land of migrations, look afar, Look off the shores of my Western Sea—the circle  
 almost circled; For, starting westward from Hindustan, from the vales  
 of Kashmere, From Asia—from the north—from the God, the sage,  
 and the hero, From the south—from the flowery peninsulas, and the  
 spice islands; Long having wander'd since—round the earth having  
 wander'd, Now I face home again—very pleas'd and joyous; (But where is what I started for, so long ago? And why is it yet unfound?)

AGES AND AGES, RETURNING AT INTERVALS.

AGES and ages, returning at intervals, Undestroy'd, wandering immortal, Lusty, phallic, with the potent original loins, perfectly  
 sweet, I, chanter of Adamic songs, Through the new garden, the West, the great cities  
 calling, Deliriate, thus prelude what is generated, offering these,  
 offering myself, Bathing myself, bathing my songs in Sex, Offspring of my loins.   [ begin page 117 ]ppp.00473.117.jpg

O HYMEN! O HYMENEE.

O HYMEN! O Hymenee! Why do you tantalize me thus? O why sting me for a swift moment only? Why can you not continue? O why do you now cease? Is it because, if you continued beyond the swift mo- 
 ment, you would soon certainly kill me?

I AM HE THAT ACHES WITH LOVE.

I AM he that aches with amorous love; Does the earth gravitate? Does not all matter,  
 aching, attract all matter? So the Body of me, to all I meet, or know.

AS ADAM, EARLY IN THE MORNING.

AS Adam, early in the morning, Walking forth from the bower, refresh'd with sleep; Behold me where I pass—hear my voice—approach, Touch me—touch the palm of your hand to my Body  
 as I pass; Be not afraid of my Body.   [ begin page 118 ]ppp.00473.118.jpg

EXCELSIOR.

WHO has gone farthest? For I swear I will go farther; And who has been just? For I would be the most just  
 person of the earth; And who most cautious? For I would be more  
 cautious; And who has been happiest? O I think it is I! I  
 think no one was ever happier than I; And who has lavish'd all? For I lavish constantly the  
 best I have; And who has been firmest? For I would be firmer; And who proudest? For I think I have reason to be  
 the proudest son alive—for I am the son of the  
 brawny and tall-topt city; And who has been bold and true? For I would be  
 the boldest and truest being of the universe; And who benevolent? For I would show more be- 
 nevolence than all the rest; And who has projected beautiful words through the  
 longest time? By God! I will outvie him! I  
 will say such words, they shall stretch through  
 longer time! And who has receiv'd the love of the most friends?  
 For I know what it is to receive the passionate  
 love of many friends; And to whom has been given the sweetest from  
 women, and paid them in kind? For I will  
 take the like sweets and pay them in kind; And who possesses a perfect and enamour'd body?  
 For I do not believe any one possesses a more  
 perfect or enamour'd body than mine; And who thinks the amplest thoughts? For I will  
 surround those thoughts; And who has made hymns fit for the earth? For I  
 am mad with devouring extacy to make joyous  
 hymns for the whole earth!   [ begin page 119 ]ppp.00473.119.jpg

CALAMUS.

IN PATHS UNTRODDEN.

IN paths untrodden, In the growth by margins of pond-waters, Escaped from the life that exhibits itself, From all the standards hitherto publish'd—from the  
 pleasures, profits, conformities, Which too long I was offering to feed my Soul; Clear to me, now, standards not yet publish'd—clear  
 to me that my Soul, That the Soul of the man I speak for, feeds, rejoices  
 in comrades; Here, by myself, away from the clank of the world, Tallying and talk'd to here by tongues aromatic, No longer abash'd—for in this secluded spot I can  
 respond as I would not dare elsewhere, Strong upon me the life that does not exhibit itself,  
 yet contains all the rest, Resolv'd to sing no songs to-day but those of manly  
 attachment, Projecting them along that substantial life, Bequeathing, hence, types of athletic love, Afternoon, this delicious Ninth-month, in my forty- 
 first year, I proceed, for all who are, or have been, young men, To tell the secret of my nights and days, To celebrate the need of comrades.   [ begin page 120 ]ppp.00473.120.jpg

SCENTED HERBAGE OF MY BREAST.

SCENTED herbage of my breast, Leaves from you I yield, I write, to be perused best  
 afterwards, Tomb-leaves, growing up above me, above  
 death, Perennial roots, tall leaves—O the winter shall not  
 freeze you, delicate leaves, Every year shall you bloom again—Out from where  
 you retired, you shall emerge again; O I do not know whether many, passing by, will dis- 
 cover you, or inhale your faint odor—but I  
 believe a few will; O slender leaves! O blossoms of my blood! I permit  
 you to tell, in your own way, of the heart that  
 is under you; O burning and throbbing—surely all will one day be  
 accomplish'd; O I do not know what you mean, there underneath  
 yourselves—you are not happiness, You are often more bitter than I can bear—you burn  
 and sting me, Yet you are very beautiful to me, you faint-tinged  
 roots—you make me think of Death, Death is beautiful from you—(what indeed is beauti- 
 ful, except Death and Love?) O I think it is not for life I am chanting here my  
 chant of lovers—I think it must be for Death, For how calm, how solemn it grows, to ascend to the  
 atmosphere of lovers, Death or life I am then indifferent—my Soul declines  
 to prefer, I am not sure but the high Soul of lovers welcomes  
 death most; Indeed, O Death, I think now these leaves mean pre- 
 cisely the same as you mean;   [ begin page 121 ]ppp.00473.121.jpg Grow up taller, sweet leaves, that I may see! grow  
 up out of my breast! Spring away from the conceal'd heart there! Do not fold yourself so in your pink-tinged roots,  
 timid leaves! Do not remain down there so ashamed, herbage of my  
 breast! Come, I am determin'd to unbare this broad breast of  
 mine—I have long enough stifled and choked: Emblematic and capricious blades, I leave you—now  
 you serve me not; Away! I will say what I have to say, by itself, I will escape from the sham that was proposed to  
 me, I will sound myself and comrades only—I will never  
 again utter a call, only their call, I will raise with it, immortal reverberations through  
 The States, I will give an example to lovers, to take permanent  
 shape and will through The States; Through me shall the words be said to make death  
 exhilarating; Give me your tone therefore, O Death, that I may  
 accord with it, Give me yourself—for I see that you belong to me  
 now above all, and are folded inseparably to- 
 gether—you Love and Death are; Nor will I allow you to balk me any more with what I  
 was calling life, For now it is convey'd to me that you are the pur- 
 ports essential, That you hide in these shifting forms of life, for reasons  
 —and that they are mainly for you, That you, beyond them, come forth, to remain, the  
 real reality, That behind the mask of materials you patiently wait,  
 no matter how long, That you will one day, perhaps take control of all,   [ begin page 122 ]ppp.00473.122.jpg That you will perhaps dissipate this entire show of  
 appearance, That may be you are what it is all for—but it does not  
 last so very long, But you will last very long.

Whoever you are, Holding me now in Hand.

¹ WHOEVER you are, holding me now in hand, Without one thing, all will be useless, I give you fair warning, before you attempt me  
 further, I am not what you supposed, but far different. ²Who is he that would become my follower? Who would sign himself a candidate for my affections? ³The way is suspicious—the result uncertain, perhaps  
 destructive; You would have to give up all else—I alone would ex- 
 pect to be your God, sole and exclusive, Your novitiate would even then be long and exhaust- 
 ing, The whole past theory of your life, and all conformity  
 to the lives around you, would have to be aban- 
 doned; Therefore release me now, before troubling yourself  
 any further—Let go your hand from my  
 shoulders, Put me down, and depart on your way. ⁴Or else, by stealth, in some wood, for trial, Or back of a rock, in the open air, (For in any roof'd room of a house I emerge not—nor  
 in company,   [ begin page 123 ]ppp.00473.123.jpg And in libraries I lie as one dumb, a gawk, or unborn, 
 or dead,) But just possibly with you on a high hill—first watch- 
 ing lest any person, for miles around, ap- 
 proach unawares, Or possibly with you sailing at sea, or on the beach of  
 the sea, or some quiet island, Here to put your lips upon mine I permit you, With the comrade's long-dwelling kiss, or the new  
 husband's kiss, For I am the new husband, and I am the comrade. ⁵Or, if you will, thrusting me beneath your clothing, Where I may feel the throbs of your heart, or rest  
 upon your hip, Carry me when you go forth over land or sea; For thus, merely touching you, is enough—is best, And thus, touching you, would I silently sleep and be  
 carried eternally. ⁶But these leaves conning, you con at peril, For these leaves, and me, you will not understand, They will elude you at first, and still more afterward  
 —I will certainly elude you, Even while you should think you had unquestionably  
 caught me, behold! Already you see I have escaped from you. ⁷For it is not for what I have put into it that I have  
 written this book, Nor is it by reading it you will acquire it, Nor do those know me best who admire me, and  
 vauntingly praise me, Nor will the candidates for my love, (unless at most a  
 very few,) prove victorious, Nor will my poems do good only—they will do just as  
 much evil, perhaps more; For all is useless without that which you may guess at  
 many times and not hit—that which I hinted at; Therefore release me, and depart on your way.   [ begin page 124 ]ppp.00473.124.jpg

THESE I, SINGING IN SPRING.

THESE, I, singing in spring, collect for lovers, (For who but I should understand lovers, and all their  
 sorrow and joy? And who but I should be the poet of comrades?) Collecting, I traverse the garden, the world—but soon  
 I pass the gates, Now along the pond-side—now wading in a little,  
 fearing not the wet, Now by the post-and-rail fences, where the old stones  
 thrown there, pick'd from the fields, have accu- 
 mulated, Wild-flowers and vines and weeds come up through  
 the stones, and partly cover them—Beyond  
 these I pass, Far, far in the forest, before I think where I go, Solitary, smelling the earthy smell, stopping now and  
 then in the silence, Alone I had thought—yet soon a silent troop gathers  
 around me, Some walk by my side, and some behind, and some  
 embrace my arms or neck, They, the spirits of friends, dead or alive—thicker  
 they come, a great crowd, and I in the middle, Collecting, dispensing, singing in spring, there I wan- 
 der with them, Plucking something for tokens—tossing toward who- 
 ever is near me; Here! lilac, with a branch of pine, Here out of my pocket, some moss which I pull'd off  
 a live-oak in Florida, as it hung trailing down, Here, some pinks and laurel leaves, and a handful of  
 sage, And here what I now draw from the water, wading in  
 the pond-side, (O here I last saw him that tenderly loves me—and  
 returns again, never to separate from me,   [ begin page 125 ]ppp.00473.125.jpg And this, O this shall henceforth be the token of com- 
 rades—this Calamus-root shall, Interchange it, youths, with each other! Let none  
 render it back!) And twigs of maple, and a bunch of wild orange, and  
 chestnut, And stems of currants, and plum-blows, and the aro- 
 matic cedar: These, I, compass'd around by a thick cloud of spirits, Wandering, point to, or touch as I pass, or throw them  
 loosely from me, Indicating to each one what he shall have—giving  
 something to each; But what I drew from the water by the pond-side,  
 that I reserve, I will give of it—but only to them that love, as I my- 
 self am capable of loving.

A SONG.

1

COME, I will make the continent indissoluble; I will make the most splendid race the sun ever yet  
 shone upon; I will make divine magnetic lands, 
 With the love of comrades, 
 With the life-long love of comrades.

2

I will plant companionship thick as trees along all the  
 rivers of America, and along the shores of the  
 great lakes, and all over the prairies; I will make inseparable cities, with their arms about  
 each other's necks;  
 By the love of comrades, 
 By the manly love of comrades. E   [ begin page 126 ]ppp.00473.126.jpg

3

For you these, from me, O Democracy, to serve you, 
 ma femme! For you! for you, I am trilling these songs, 
 In the love of comrades, 
 In the high-towering love of comrades.

Not Heaving from my Ribb'd Breast only.

NOT heaving from my ribb'd breast only; Not in sighs at night, in rage, dissatisfied with myself; Not in those long-drawn, ill-supprest sighs; Not in many an oath and promise broken; Not in my wilful and savage soul's volition; Not in the subtle nourishment of the air; Not in this beating and pounding at my temples and  
 wrists; Not in the curious systole and diastole within, which  
 will one day cease; Not in many a hungry wish, told to the skies only; Not in cries, laughter, defiances, thrown from me when  
 alone, far in the wilds; Not in husky pantings through clench'd teeth; Not in sounded and resounded words—chattering  
 words, echoes, dead words; Not in the murmurs of my dreams while I sleep, Nor the other murmurs of these incredible dreams of  
 every day; Nor in the limbs and senses of my body, that take you  
 and dismiss you continually—Not there; Not in any or all of them, O adhesiveness! O pulse  
 of my life! Need I that you exist and show yourself, any more  
 than in these songs.   [ begin page 127 ]ppp.00473.127.jpg

Of the Terrible Doubt of Appearances.

OF the terrible doubt of appearances, Of the uncertainty after all—that we may be deluded, That may-be reliance and hope are but speculations  
 after all, That may-be identity beyond the grave is a beautiful  
 fable only, May-be the things I perceive—the animals, plants, men,  
 hills, shining and flowing waters, The skies of day and night—colors, densities, forms—  
 May-be these are, (as doubtless they are,) only  
 apparitions, and the real something has yet to be  
 known; (How often they dart out of themselves, as if to con- 
 found me and mock me! How often I think neither I know, nor any man knows,  
 aught of them;) May-be seeming to me what they are, (as doubtless  
 they indeed but seem,) as from my present point  
 of view—And might prove, (as of course they  
 would,) naught of what they appear, or naught  
 anyhow, from entirely changed points of view; —To me, these, and the like of these, are curiously  
 answer'd by my lovers, my dear friends; When he whom I love travels with me, or sits a long  
 while holding me by the hand, When the subtle air, the impalpable, the sense that  
 words and reason hold not, surround us and  
 pervade us, Then I am charged with untold and untellable wisdom  
 —I am silent—I require nothing further, I cannot answer the question of appearances, or that  
 of identity beyond the grave; But I walk or sit indifferent—I am satisfied, He ahold of my hand has completely satisfied me.   [ begin page 128 ]ppp.00473.128.jpg

RECORDERS AGES HENCE.

RECORDERS ages hence! Come, I will take you down underneath this impassive  
 exterior—I will tell you what to say of me; Publish my name and hang up my picture as that of  
 the tenderest lover, The friend, the lover's portrait, of whom his friend,  
 his lover, was fondest, Who was not proud of his songs, but of the measure- 
 less ocean of love within him—and freely  
 pour'd it forth, Who often walk'd lonesome walks, thinking of his  
 dear friends, his lovers, Who pensive, away from one he lov'd, often lay sleep- 
 less and dissatisfied at night, Who knew too well the sick, sick dread lest the one  
 he lov'd might secretly be indifferent to him, Whose happiest days were far away, through fields,  
 in woods, on hills, he and another, wandering  
 hand in hand, they twain, apart from other  
 men, Who oft as he saunter'd the streets, curved with his  
 arm the shoulder of his friend—while the arm  
 of his friend rested upon him also.

When I Heard at the Close of the Day.

WHEN I heard at the close of the day how my name  
 had been receiv'd with plaudits in the capitol,  
 still it was not a happy night for me that fol- 
 low; And else, when I carous'd, or when my plans were  
 accomplish'd, still I was not happy; But the day when I rose at dawn from the bed of  
 perfect health, refresh'd, singing, inhaling the  
 ripe breath of autumn,   [ begin page 129 ]ppp.00473.129.jpg When I saw the full moon in the west grow pale and  
 disappear in the morning light, When I wander'd alone over the beach, and undress- 
 ing, bathed, laughing with the cool waters, and  
 saw the sun rise, And when I thought how my dear friend, my lover,  
 was on his way coming, O then I was happy; O then each breath tasted sweeter—and all that day  
 my food nourish'd me more—and the beautiful  
 day pass'd well, And the next came with equal joy—and with the next,  
 at evening, came my friend; And that night, while all was still, I heard the waters  
 roll slowly continually up the shores, I heard the hissing rustle of the liquid and sands, as  
 directed to me, whispering, to congratulate me, For the one I love most lay sleeping by me under the  
 same cover in the cool night, In the stillness, in the autumn moonbeams, his face  
 was inclined toward me, And his arm lay lightly around my breast—and that  
 night I was happy.

Are you the New Person Drawn Toward me?

ARE you the new person drawn toward me? To begin with, take warning—I am surely far differ- 
 ent from what you suppose; Do you suppose you will find in me your ideal? Do you think it so easy to have me become your  
 lover? Do you think the friendship of me would be unalloy'd  
 satisfaction? Do you think I am trusty and faithful?   [ begin page 130 ]ppp.00473.130.jpg Do you see no further than this façade—this smooth  
 and tolerant manner of me? Do you suppose yourself advancing on real ground  
 toward a real heroic man? Have you no thought, O dreamer, that it may be all  
 maya, illusion?

Roots and Leaves Themselves Alone.

ROOTS and leaves themselves alone are these; Scents brought to men and women from the wild  
 woods, and from the pond-side, Breast-sorrel and pinks of love—fingers that wind  
 around tighter than vines, Gushes from the throats of birds, hid in the foliage  
 of trees, as the sun is risen; Breezes of land and love—breezes set from living  
 shores out to you on the living sea—to you,  
 O sailors! Frost-mellow'd berries, and Third-month twigs,  
 offer'd fresh to young persons wandering out  
 in the fields when the winter breaks up, Love-buds, put before you and within you, whoever  
 you are, Buds to be unfolded on the old terms; If you bring the warmth of the sun to them, they  
 will open, and bring form, color, perfume, to  
 you; If you become the aliment and the wet, they will  
 become flowers, fruits, tall branches and trees.   [ begin page 131 ]ppp.00473.131.jpg

Not Heat Flames up and Consumes.

NOT heat flames up and consumes, Not sea-waves hurry in and out, Not the air, delicious and dry, the air of the ripe  
 summer, bears lightly along white down-balls  
 of myriads of seeds, Wafted, sailing gracefully, to drop where they may; Not these—O none of these, more than the flames of  
 me, consuming, burning for his love whom I  
 love! O none, more than I, hurrying in and out; Does the tide hurry, seeking something, and never  
 give up? O I the same; O nor down-balls, nor perfumes, nor the high, rain- 
 emitting clouds, are borne through the open  
 air, Any more than my Soul is borne through the open  
 air, Wafted in all directions, O love, for friendship, for  
 you.

TRICKLE, DROPS.

TRICKLE, drops! my blue veins leaving! O drops of me! trickle, slow drops, Candid, from me falling—drip, bleeding drops, From wounds made to free you whence you were  
 prison'd, From my face—from my forehead and lips, From my breast—from within where I was conceal'd  
 —press forth, red drops—confession drops; Stain every page—stain every song I sing, every word  
 I say, bloody drops;   [ begin page 132 ]ppp.00473.132.jpg Let them know your scarlet heat—let them glisten; Saturate them with yourself, all ashamed and wet; Glow upon all I have written or shall write, bleeding  
 drops; Let it all be seen in your light, blushing drops.

Of Him I Love Day and Night.

OF him I love day and night, I dream'd I heard he was  
 dead; And I dream'd I went where they had buried him I love  
 —but he was not in that place; And I dream'd I wander'd, searching among burial- 
 places, to find him; And I found that every place was a burial-place; The houses full of life were equally full of death, (this  
 house is now;) The streets, the shipping, the places of amusement,  
 the Chicago, Boston, Philadelphia, the Manna- 
 hatta, were as full of the dead as of the living, And fuller, O vastly fuller, of the dead than of the  
 living; —And what I dream'd I will henceforth tell to every  
 person and age, And I stand henceforth bound to what I dream'd; And now I am willing to disregard burial-places, and  
 dispense with them; And if the memorials of the dead were put up indif- 
 ferently everywhere, even in the room where I  
 eat or sleep, I should be satisfied; And if the corpse of any one I love, or if my own  
 corpse, be duly render'd to powder, and pour'd  
 in the sea, I shall be satisfied; Or if it be distributed to the winds, I shall be sat- 
 isfied.   [ begin page 133 ]ppp.00473.133.jpg

CITY OF ORGIES.

CITY of orgies, walks and joys! City whom that I have lived and sung in your midst  
 will one day make you illustrious, Not the pageants of you—not your shifting tableaux,  
 your spectacles, repay me; Not the interminable rows of your houses—nor the  
 ships at the wharves, Nor the processions in the streets, nor the bright win- 
 dows, with goods in them; Nor to converse with learn'd persons, or bear my share  
 in the soiree or feast; Not those—but, as I pass, O Manhattan! your fre- 
 quent and swift flash of eyes offering me love, Offering response to my own—these repay me; Lovers, continual lovers, only repay me.

BEHOLD THIS SWARTHY FACE.

BEHOLD this swarthy face, this unrefined face—these  
 gray eyes, This beard—the white wool, unclipt upon my neck, My brown hands, and the silent manner of me, with- 
 out charm; Yet comes one, a Manhattanese, and ever at parting,  
 kisses me lightly on the lips with robust love, And I, in the public room, or on the crossing of the  
 street, or on the ship's deck, kiss him in return; We observe that salute of American comrades, land  
 and sea, We are those two natural and nonchalant persons. F2   [ begin page 134 ]ppp.00473.134.jpg

I saw in Louisiana a Live-Oak Growing.

I SAW in Louisiana a live-oak growing, All alone stood it, and the moss hung down from the  
 branches; Without any companion it grew there, uttering joyous  
 leaves of dark green, And its look, rude, unbending, lusty, made me think  
 of myself; But I wonder'd how it could utter joyous leaves,  
 standing alone there, without its friend, its  
 lover near—for I knew I could not; And I broke off a twig with a certain number of  
 leaves upon it, and twined around it a little  
 moss, And brought it away—and I have placed it in sight in  
 my room; It is not needed to remind me as of my own dear  
 friends, (For I believe lately I think of little else than of  
 them;) Yet it remains to me a curious token—it makes me  
 think of manly love; —For all that, and though the live-oak glistens there  
 in Louisiana, solitary, in a wide flat space, Uttering joyous leaves all its life, without a friend, a  
 lover, near, I know very well I could not.

That Music Always Round Me.

THAT music always round me, unceasing, unbeginning  
 —yet long untaught I did not hear; But now the chorus I hear, and am elated; A tenor, strong, ascending, with power and health,  
 with glad notes of day-break I hear,   [ begin page 135 ]ppp.00473.135.jpg A soprano, at intervals, sailing buoyantly over the  
 tops of immense waves, A transparent base, shuddering lusciously under and  
 through the universe, The triumphant tutti—the funeral wailings, with  
 sweet flutes and violins—all these I fill myself  
 with; I hear not the volumes of sound merely—I am moved  
 by the exquisite meanings, I listen to the different voices winding in and out,  
 striving, contending with fiery vehemence to  
 excel each other in emotion, I do not think the peformers​ know themselves—but  
 now I think I begin to know them.

TO A STRANGER.

PASSING stranger! you do not know how longingly I  
 look upon you, You must be he I was seeking, or she I was seeking,  
 (it comes to me, as of a dream,) I have somewhere surely lived a life of joy with you, All is recall'd as we flit by each other, fluid, affection- 
 ate, chaste, matured, You grew up with me, were a boy with me, or a girl  
 with me, I ate with you, and slept with you—your body has  
 become not yours only, nor left my body mine  
 only, You give me the pleasure of your eyes, face, flesh, as  
 we pass—you take of my beard, breast, hands,  
 in return, I am not to speak to you—I am to think of you when  
 I sit alone, or wake at night alone, I am to wait—I do not doubt I am to meet you again, I am to see to it that I do not lose you.   [ begin page 136 ]ppp.00473.136.jpg

This Moment, Yearning and Thoughtful.

THIS moment yearning and thoughtful, sitting alone, It seems to me there are other men in other lands,  
 yearning and thoughtful; It seems to me I can look over and behold them, in  
 Prussia, Italy, France, Spain—or far, far away,  
 in China, or in Russia or India—talking other  
 dialects; And it seems to me if I could know those men, I  
 should become attached to them, as I do to men  
 in my own lands; O I know we should be brethren and lovers, I know I should be happy with them.

I Hear it was Charged Against Me.

I HEAR it was charged against me that I sought to  
 destroy institutions; But really I am neither for nor against institutions; (What indeed have I in common with them?—Or  
 what with the destruction of them?) Only I will establish in the Mannahatta, and in every  
 city of These States, inland and seaboard, And in the fields and woods, and above every keel  
 little or large, that dents the water, Without edifices, or rules, or trustees, or any argu- 
 ment, The institution of the dear love of comrades.   [ begin page 137 ]ppp.00473.137.jpg

The Prairie-Grass Dividing.

THE prairie-grass dividing—its special odor breathing, I demand of it the spiritual corresponding, Demand the most copious and close companionship  
 of men, Demand the blades to rise of words, acts, beings, Those of the open atmosphere, coarse, sunlit, fresh,  
 nutritious, Those that go their own gait, erect, stepping with  
 freedom and command—leading, not following, Those with a never-quell'd audacity—those with sweet  
 and lusty flesh, clear of taint, Those that look carelessly in the faces of Presidents  
 and Governors, as to say, Who are you? Those of earth-born passion, simple, never constrain'd'  
 never obedient, Those of inland America.

We Two Boys Together Clinging.

WE two boys together clinging, One the other never leaving, Up and down the roads going—North and South  
 excursions making, Power enjoying—elbows stretching—fingers clutch- 
 ing, Armed and fearless—eating, drinking, sleeping, lov- 
 ing, No law less than ourselves owning—sailing, soldiering,  
 thieving, threatening, Misers, menials, priests alarming—air breathing, water  
 drinking, on the turf of the sea-beach dancing, Cities wrenching, ease scorning, statutes mocking,  
 feebleness chasing, Fulfilling our foray.   ppp.00473.138.jpg

O Living Always—Always Dying!

O LIVING always—always dying! O the burials of me, past and present! O me, while I stride ahead, material, visible, imperi- 
 ous as ever! O me, what I was for years, now dead, (I lament not  
 —I am content;) O to disengage myself from those corpses of me,  
 which I turn and look at, where I cast them! To pass on, (O living! always living!) and leave the  
 corpses behind!

When I Peruse the Conquer'd Fame.

WHEN I peruse the conquer'd fame of heroes, and the  
 victories of mighty generals, I do not envy the  
 generals, Nor the President in his Presidency, nor the rich in  
 his great house; But when I read of the brotherhood of lovers, how it  
 was with them, How through life, through dangers, odium, unchang- 
 ing, long and long, Through youth, and through middle and old age, how  
 unfaltering, how affectionate and faithful they  
 were, Then I am pensive—I hastily put down the book, and  
 walk away, fill'd with the bitterest envy.

A GLIMPSE.

A GLIMPSE, through an interstice caught, Of a crowd of workmen and drivers in a bar-room,  
 around the stove, late of a winter night—And I  
 unremark'd, seated in a corner;   [ begin page 139 ]ppp.00473.139.jpg Of a youth who loves me, and whom I love, silently  
 approaching, and seating himself near, that he  
 may hold me by the hand; A long while, amid the noises of coming and going—  
 of drinking and oath and smutty jest, There we two, content, happy in being together,  
 speaking little, perhaps not a word.

A PROMISE TO CALIFORNIA.

A PROMISE to California, Also to the great Pastoral Plains, and for Oregon: Sojourning east a while longer, soon I travel toward  
 you, to remain, to teach robust American love; For I know very well that I and robust love belong  
 among you, inland, and along the Western  
 Sea; For These States tend inland, and toward the Western  
 Sea—and I will also.

HERE, SAILOR!

WHAT ship, puzzled at sea, cons for the true reckon- 
 ing? Or, coming in, to avoid the bars, and follow the chan- 
 nel, a perfect pilot needs? Here, sailor! Here, ship! take aboard the most perfect  
 pilot, Whom, in a little boat, putting off, and rowing, I,  
 hailing you, offer.   [ begin page 140 ]ppp.00473.140.jpg

HERE THE FRAILEST LEAVES OF ME.

HERE the frailest leaves of me, and yet my strongest- 
 lasting: Here I shade down and hide my thoughts—I do not  
 expose them, And yet they expose me more than all my other  
 poems.

WHAT THINK YOU I TAKE MY PEN IN HAND?

WHAT think you I take my pen in hand to record? The battle-ship, perfect-model'd, majestic, that I saw  
 pass the offing to-day under full sail? The splendors of the past day? Or the splendor of the  
 night that envelops me? Or the vaunted glory and growth of the great city  
 spread around me?—No; But I record of two simple men I saw to-day, on the  
 pier, in the midst of the crowd, parting the part- 
 ing of dear friends; The one to remain hung on the other's neck, and pas- 
 sionately kiss'd him, While the one to depart, tightly prest the one to  
 remain in his arms.

NO LABOR-SAVING MACHINE.

No labor-saving machine, Nor discovery have I made; Nor will I be able to leave behind me any wealthy  
 bequest to found a hospital or library, Nor reminiscence of any deed of courage, for America, Nor literary success, nor intellect—nor book for the  
 book-shelf; Only a few carols, vibrating through the air, I leave, For comrades and lovers.   [ begin page 141 ]ppp.00473.141.jpg

I DREAMED IN A DREAM.

I DREAM'D in a dream, I saw a city invincible to the  
 attacks of the whole of the rest of the earth; I dream'd that was the new City of Friends; Nothing was greater there than the quality of robust  
 love—it led the rest; It was seen every hour in the actions of the men of  
 that city, And in all their looks and words.

TO THE EAST AND TO THE WEST.

To the East and to the West; To the man of the Seaside State, and of Pennsylvania, To the Kanadian of the North—to the Southerner I  
 love; These, with perfect trust, to depict you as myself—the  
 germs are in all men; I believe the main purport of These States is to found  
 a superb friendship, exalté, previously unknown, Because I perceive it waits, and has been always wait- 
 ing, latent in all men.

EARTH! MY LIKENESS!

EARTH! my likeness! Though you look so impassive, ample and spheric  
 there, I now suspect that is not all; I now suspect there is something fierce in you, eligible  
 to burst forth; For an athlete is enamour'd of me—and I of him, But toward him there is something fierce and terrible  
 in me, eligible to burst forth, I dare not tell it in words—not even in these songs.   [ begin page 142 ]ppp.00473.142.jpg

A LEAF FOR HAND IN HAND.

A LEAF for hand in hand! You natural persons old and young! You on the Mississippi, and on all the branches and  
 bayous of the Mississippi! You friendly boatmen and mechanics! You roughs! You twain! And all processions moving along the  
 streets! I wish to infuse myself among you till I see it com- 
 mon for you to walk hand in hand!

FAST ANCHOR'D, ETERNAL, O LOVE.

FAST-ANCHOR'D, eternal, O love! O woman I love; O bride! O wife! more resistless than I can tell, the  
 thought of you! Then separate, as disembodied, or another born, Ethereal, the last athletic reality, my consolation; I ascend—I float in the regions of your love, O man, O sharer of my roving life.

SOMETIMES WITH ONE I LOVE.

SOMETIMES with one I love, I fill myself with rage, for  
 fear I effuse unreturn'd love; But now I think there is no unreturn'd love—the pay  
 is certain, one way or another; (I loved a certain person ardently, and my love was  
 not return'd; Yet out of that, I have written these songs.)   [ begin page 143 ]ppp.00473.143.jpg

THAT SHADOW, MY LIKENESS.

THAT shadow, my likeness, that goes to and fro, seek- 
 ing a livelihood, chattering, chaffering; How often I find myself standing and looking at it  
 where it flits; How often I question and doubt whether that is really  
 me; But in these, and among my lovers, and carolling my  
 songs, O I never doubt whether that is really me.

AMONG THE MULTITUDE.

¹ AMONG the men and women, the multitude, I perceive one picking me out by secret and divine  
 signs, Acknowledging none else—not parent, wife, husband, 
 brother, child, any nearer than I am; Some are baffled—But that one is not—that one knows  
 me. ²Ah, lover and perfect equal! I meant that you should discover me so, by my faint  
 indirections; And I, when I meet you, mean to discover you by the  
 like in you.

TO A WESTERN BOY.

O BOY of the West! To you many things to absorb, I teach, to help you  
 become eleve of mine: Yet if blood like mine circle not in your veins; If you be not silently selected by lovers, and do not  
 silently select lovers, Of what use is it that you seek to become eleve of  
 mine?   [ begin page 144 ]ppp.00473.144.jpg

O YOU WHOM I OFTEN AND SILENTLY COME.

O YOU whom I often and silently come where you are,  
 that I may be with you; As I walk by your side, or sit near, or remain in the  
 same room with you, Little you know the subtle electric fire that for your  
 sake is playing within me.

FULL OF LIFE, NOW.

¹ FULL of life, now, compact, visible, I, forty years old the Eighty-third Year of The States, To one a century hence, or any number of centuries  
 hence, To you, yet unborn, these seeking you. ²When you read these, I, that was visible, am become  
 invisible; Now it is you, compact, visible, realizing my poems, 
 seeking me; Fancying how happy you were, if I could be with you, 
 and become your loving comrade; Be it as if I were with you. Be not too certain but I  
 am now with you.   [ begin page 145 ]ppp.00473.145.jpg

SALUT AU MONDE!

1

¹O TAKE my hand, Walt Whitman! Such gliding wonders! such sights and sounds! Such join'd unended links, each hook'd to the next! Each answering all—each sharing the earth with all. ²What widens within you, Walt Whitman? What waves and soils exuding? What climes? what persons and lands are here? Who are the infants? some playing, some slumbering? Who are the girls? who are the married women? Who are the three old men going slowly with their  
 arms about each others' necks? What rivers are these? what forests and fruits are  
 these? What are the mountains call'd that rise so high in the  
 mists? What myriads of dwellings are they, fill'd with  
  dewellers​ ?

2

³Within me latitude widens, longitude lengthens; Asia, Africa, Europe, are to the east—America is pro- 
 vided for in the west; Banding the bulge of the earth winds the hot equator, Curiously north and south turn the axis-ends; Within me is the longest day—the sun wheels in slant- 
 ing rings—it does not set for months?   [ begin page 146 ]ppp.00473.146.jpg Stretch'd in due time within me the midnight sun just  
 rises above the horizon, and sinks again; Within me zones, seas, cataracts, plants, volcanoes, 
 groups, Malaysia, Polynesia, and the great West Indian  
 islands.

3

⁴What do you hear, Walt Whitman? ⁵I hear the workman singing, and the farmer's wife  
 singing; I hear in the distance the sounds of children, and of  
 animals early in the day; I hear quick rifle-cracks from the riflemen of East  
 Tennessee and Kentucky, hunting on hills; I hear emulous shouts of Australians, pursuing the  
 wild horse; I hear the Spanish dance, with castanets, in the chest- 
 nut shade, to the rebeck and guitar; I hear continual echoes from the Thames; I hear fierce French liberty songs; I hear of the Italian boat-sculler the musical recita- 
 tive of old poems; I hear the Virginia plantation chorus of negroes, of a  
 harvest night, in the glare of pine knots; I hear the strong baritone of the 'long-shore-men of  
 Mannahatta; I hear the stevedores unlading the cargoes, and sing- 
 ing; I hear the screams of the water-fowl of solitary north- 
 west lakes; I hear the rustling pattering of locusts, as they strike  
 the grain and grass with the showers of their  
 terrible clouds; I hear the Coptic refrain, toward sundown, pensively  
 falling on the breast of the black venerable vast  
 mother, the Nile;   [ begin page 147 ]ppp.00473.147.jpg I hear the bugles of raft-tenders on the streams of  
 Kanada; I hear the chirp of the Mexican muleteer, and the  
 bells of the mule; I hear the Arab muezzin, calling from the top of the  
 mosque; I hear the Christian priests at the altars of their  
 churches—I hear the responsive base and  
 soprano; I hear the wail of utter despair of the white-hair'd  
 Irish grand-parents, when they learn the death  
 of their grandson; I hear the cry of the Cossack, and the sailor's voice, 
 putting to sea at Okotsk; I hear the wheeze of the slave-coffle, as the slaves  
 march on—as the husky gangs pass on by twos  
 and threes, fasten'd together with wrist-chains  
 and ankle-chains; I hear the entreaties of women tied up for punishment  
 —I hear the sibilant whisk of thongs through  
 the air; I hear the Hebrew reading his records and psalms; I hear the rhythmic myths of the Greeks, and the  
 strong legends of the Romans; I hear the tale of the divine life and bloody death of  
 the beautiful God, the Christ; I hear the Hindoo teaching his favorite pupil the  
 loves, wars, adages, transmitted safely to this  
 day from poets who wrote three thousand years  
 ago.

4

⁶What do you see, Walt Whitman? Who are they you salute, and that one after another  
 salute you? ⁷I see a great round wonder rolling through the air; I see diminute farms, hamlets, ruins, grave-yards, 
 jails, factories, palaces, hovels, huts of barba- 
 rians, tents of nomads, upon the surface;   [ begin page 148 ]ppp.00473.148.jpg I see the shaded part on one side, where the sleepers  
 are sleeping—and the sun-lit part on the other  
 side, I see the curious silent change of the light and shade, I see distant lands, as real and near to the inhabitants  
 of them, as my land is to me, ⁸I see plenteous waters; I see mountain peaks—I see the sierras of Andes and  
 Alleghanies, where they range; I see plainly the Himalayas, Chian Shahs, Altays, 
 Ghauts; I see the Rocky Mountains, and the Peak of Winds; I see the Styrian Alps, and the Karnac Alps; I see the Pyrenees, Balks, Carpathians—and to the  
 north the Dofrafields, and off at sea Mount  
 Hecla; I see Vesuvius and Etna—I see the Anahuacs; I see the Mountains of the Moon, and the Snow  
 Mountains, and the Red Mountains of Mada- 
 gascar; I see the Vermont hills, and the long string of Cor- 
 dilleras; I see the vast deserts of Western America; I see the Lybian, Arabian, and Asiatic deserts; I see huge dreadful Arctic and Antartic icebergs; I see the superior oceans and the inferior ones—the  
 Atlantic and Pacific, the sea of Mexico, the  
 Brazilian sea, and the sea of Peru, The Japan waters, those of Hindostan, the China Sea, 
 and the Gulf of Guinea, The spread of the Baltic, Caspian, Bothnia, the British  
 shores, and the Bay of Biscay, The clear-sunn'd Mediterranean, and from one to an- 
 other of its islands, The inland fresh-tasted seas of North America, The White Sea, and the sea around Greenland.   [ begin page 149 ]ppp.00473.149.jpg ⁹I behold the mariners of the world; Some are in storms—some in the night, with the  
 watch on the lookout; Some drifting helplessly—some with contagious dis- 
 eases. ¹⁰I behold the sail and steamships of the world, some  
 in clusters in port, some on their voyages; Some double the Cape of Storms—some Cape Verde, 
 —others Cape Guardafui, Bon, or Bajadore; Others Dondra Head—others pass the Straits of Sun- 
 da—others Cape Lopatka—others Behring's  
 Straits; Others Cape Horn—others the Gulf of Mexico, or  
 along Cuba or Hayti—others Hudson's Bay or  
 Baffin's Bay; Others pass the Straits of Dover—others enter the  
 Wash—others the Firth of Solway—others  
 round Cape Clear—others the Land's End; Others traverse the Zuyder Zee, or the Scheld; Others add to the exits and entrances at Sandy Hook; Others to the comers and goers at Gibraltar, or the  
 Dardanelles; Others sternly push their way through the northern  
 winter-packs; Others descend or ascend the Obi or the Lena: Others the Niger or the Congo—others the Indus, the  
 Burampooter and Cambodia; Others wait at the wharves of Manhattan, steam'd up, 
 ready to start; Wait, swift and swarthy, in the ports of Australia; Wait at Liverpool, Glasgow, Dublin, Marseilles, Lis- 
 bon, Naples, Hamburg, Bremen, Bordeaux, the  
 Hague, Copenhagen; Wait at Valparaiso, Rio Janeiro, Panama; Wait at their moorings at Boston, Philadelphia, Balti- 
 more, Charleston, New Orleans, Galveston, San  
 Francisco. F   [ begin page 150 ]ppp.00473.150.jpg

5

¹¹I see the tracks of the rail-roads of the earth; I see them welding State to State, city to city, through  
 North America; I see them in Great Britain, I see them in Europe; I see them in Asia and in Africa. ¹²I see the electric telegraphs of the earth; I see the filaments of the news of the wars, deaths, 
 losses, gains, passions, of my race. ¹³I see the long river-stripes of the earth; I see where the Mississippi flows—I see where the  
 Columbia flows; I see the Great River, and the Falls of Niagara; I see the Amazon and the Paraguay; I see the four great rivers of China, the Amour, the  
 Yellow River, the Yiang-tse, and the Pearl; I see where the Seine flows, and where the Loire, the  
 Rhone, and the Guadalquiver flow; I see the windings of the Volga, the Dnieper, the  
 Oder; I see the Tuscan going down the Arno, and the Vene- 
 tian along the Po; I see the Greek seaman sailing out of Egina bay.

6

¹⁴I see the site of the old empire of Assyria, and that  
 of Persia, and that of India; I see the falling of the Ganges over the high rim of  
 Saukara. ¹⁵I see the place of the idea of the Deity incarnated  
 by avatars in human forms; I see the spots of the successions of priests on the earth  
 —oracles, sacrificers, brahmins, sabians, lamas, 
 monks, muftis, exhorters;   [ begin page 151 ]ppp.00473.151.jpg I see where druids walked the groves of Mona—I see  
 the mistletoe and vervain; I see the temples of the deaths of the bodies of Gods  
 —I see the old signifiers. ¹⁶I see Christ once more eating the bread of his last  
 supper, in the midst of youths and old persons; I see where the strong divine young man, the Hercu- 
 les, toil'd faithfully and long, and then died; I see the place of the innocent rich life and hapless  
 fate of the beautiful nocturnal son, the full- 
 limb Bacchus; I see Kneph, blooming, drest in blue, with the crown  
 of feathers on his head; I see Hermes, unsuspected, dying, well-beloved, saying  
 to the people, Do not weep for me, This is not my true country, I have lived banish'd from  
  my true country—I now go back there, I return to the celestial sphere, where every one goes in  
  his turn.

7

¹⁷I see the battle-fields of the earth—grass grows up- 
 on them, and blossoms and corn; I see the tracks of ancient and modern expeditions. ¹⁸I see the nameless masonries, venerable messages of  
 the unknown events, heroes, records of the earth. ¹⁹I see the places of the sagas; I see pine-trees and fir-trees torn by northern blasts; I see granite boulders and cliffs—I see green meadows  
 and lakes; I see the burial-cairns of Scandinavian warriors; I see them raised high with stones, by the marge of  
 restless oceans, that the dead men's spirits, 
 when they wearied of their quiet graves, might  
 rise up through the mounds, and gaze on the  
 tossing billows, and be refresh'd by storms, im- 
 mensity, liberty, action.   [ begin page 152 ]ppp.00473.152.jpg ²⁰I see the steppes of Asia; I see the tumuli of Mongolia—I see the tents of Kal- 
 mucks and Baskirs; I see the nomadic tribes, with herds of oxen and cows; I see the table-lands notch'd with ravines—I see the  
 jungles and deserts; I see the camel, the wild steed, the bustard, the fat- 
 tail sheep, the antelope, and the burrowing  
 wolf. ²¹I see the high-lands of Abyssinia; I see flocks of goats feeding, and see the fig-tree, 
 tamarind, date, And see fields of teff-wheat, and see the places of  
 verdure and gold. ²²I see the Brazilian vaquero; I see the Bolivian ascending Mount Sorata; I see the Wacho crossing the plains—I see the incom- 
 parable rider of horses with his lasso on his  
 arm; I see over the pampas the pursuit of wild cattle for  
 their hides.

8

²³I see little and large sea-dots, some inhabited, some  
 uninhabited; I see two boats with nets, lying off the shore of Pau- 
 manok, quite still; I see ten fishermen waiting—they discover now a  
 thick school of mossbonkers—they drop the  
 join'd sein-ends in the water, The boats separate—they diverge and row off, each on  
 its rounding course to the beach, enclosing the  
 mossbonkers; The net is drawn in by a windlass by those who stop  
 ashore, Some of the fishermen lounge in their boats—others  
 stand negligently ankle-deep in the water, 
 poised on strong legs;   [ begin page 153 ]ppp.00473.153.jpg The boats are partly drawn up—the water slaps  
 against them; On the sand, in heaps and winrows, well out from the  
 water, lie the green-back'd spotted mossbonkers.

9

²⁴I see the despondent red man in the west, lingering  
 about the banks of Moingo, and about Lake  
 Pepin; He has heard the quail and beheld the honey-bee, and  
 sadly prepared to depart. ²⁵I see the regions of snow and ice; I see the sharp-eyed Samoiede and the Finn; I see the seal-seeker in his boat, poising his lance; I see the Siberian on his slight-built sledge, drawn by  
 dogs; I see the porpoise-hunters—I see the whale-crews of  
 the South Pacific and the North Atlantic; I see the cliffs, glaciers, torrents, valleys, of Switzer- 
 land—I mark the long winters, and the iso- 
 lation. ²⁶I see the cities of the earth, and make myself at  
 random a part of them; I am a real Parisian; I am a habitan of Vienna, St. Petersburg, Berlin, Con- 
 stantinople; I am of Adelaide, Sidney, Melbourne; I am of London, Manchester, Bristol, Edinburgh, 
 Limerick; I am of Madrid, Cadiz, Barcelona, Oporto, Lyons, 
 Brussels, Berne, Frankfort, Stuttgart, Turin, 
 Florence; I belong in Moscow, Cracow, Warsaw—or northward  
 in Christiania or Stockholm—or in Siberian  
 Irkutsk—or in some street in Iceland; I descend upon all those cities, and rise from them  
 again.   [ begin page 154 ]ppp.00473.154.jpg

10

²⁷I see vapors exhaling from unexplored countries; I see the savage types, the bow and arrow, the pois- 
 on splint, the fetish, and the obi. ²⁸I see African and Asiatic towns; I see Algiers, Tripoli, Derne, Mogadore, Timbuctoo, 
 Monrovia; I see the swarms of Pekin, Canton, Benares, Delhi, 
 Calcutta, Yedo; I see the Kruman in his hut, and the Dahoman and  
 Ashantee-man in their huts; I see the Turk smoking opium in Aleppo; I see the picturesque crowds at the fairs of Khiva, and  
 those of Herat; I see Teheran—I see Muscat and Medina, and the  
 intervening sands—I see the caravans toiling  
 onward; I see Egypt and the Egyptians—I see the pyramids  
 and obelisks; I look on chisel'd histories, songs, philosophies, cut  
 in slabs of sand-stone, or on granite blocks; I see at Memphis mummy-pits, containing mummies. 
 embalm'd, swathed in linen cloth, lying there  
 many centuries; I look on the fall'n Theban, the large-ball'd eyes, the  
 side-drooping neck, the hands folded across the  
 breast. ²⁹I see the menials of the earth, laboring; I see the prisoners in the prisons; I see the defective human bodies of the earth; I see the blind, the deaf and dumb, idiots, hunch- 
 backs, lunatics; I see the pirates, thieves, betrayers, murderers, slave- 
 makers of the earth; I see the helpless infants, and the helpless old men  
 and women.   [ begin page 155 ]ppp.00473.155.jpg ³⁰I see male and female everywhere; I see the serene brotherhood of philosophs; I see the constructiveness of my race; I see the results of the perseverance and industry of  
 my race; I see ranks, colors, barbarisms, civilizations—I go  
 among them—I mix indiscriminately, And I salute all the inhabitants of the earth.

11

³¹You, where you are! You daughter or son of England! You of the mighty Slavic tribes and empires! you  
 Russ in Russia! You dim-descended, black, divine-soul'd African, large, 
 fine-headed, nobly-form'd, superbly destin'd, on  
 equal terms with me! You Norwegian! Swede! Dane! Icelander! you  
 Prussian! You Spaniard of Spain! you Portuguese! You Frenchwoman and Frenchman of France! You Belge! you liberty-lover of the Netherlands! You sturdy Austrian! you Lombard! Hun! Bohe- 
 mian! farmer of Styria! You neighbor of the Danube! You working-man of the Rhine, the Elbe, or the  
 Weser! you working-woman too! You Sardinian! you Bavarian! Swabian! Saxon! 
 Wallachian! Bulgarian! You citizen of Prague! Roman! Neapolitan! Greek! You lithe matador in the arena at Seville! You mountaineer living lawlessly on the Taurus or  
 Caucasus! You Bokh horse-herd, watching your mares and stal- 
 lions feeding! You beautiful-bodied Persian, at full speed in the sad- 
 dle, shooting arrows to the mark! You Chinaman and Chinawoman of China! you Tar- 
 tar of Tartary!   [ begin page 156 ]ppp.00473.156.jpg You women of the earth subordinated at your tasks! You Jew journeying in your old age through every  
 risk, to stand once on Syrian ground! You other Jews waiting in all lands for your Messiah! You thoughtful Armenian, pondering by some stream  
 of the Euphrates! you peering amid the ruins  
 of Nineveh! you ascending Mount Ararat! You foot-worn pilgrim welcoming the far-away sparkle  
 of the minarets of Mecca! You sheiks along the stretch from Suez to Babelman- 
 deb, ruling your families and tribes! You olive-grower tending your fruit on fields of Naz- 
 areth, Damascus, or Lake Tiberias! You Thibet trader on the wide inland, or bargaining  
 in the shops of Lassa! You Japanese man or woman! you liver in Madagas- 
 car, Ceylon, Sumatra, Borneo! All you continentals of Asia, Africa, Europe, Austra- 
 lia, indifferent of place! All you on the numberless islands of the archipela- 
 goes of the sea! And you of centuries hence, when you listen to me! And you, each and everywhere, whom I specify not, 
 but include just the same! Health to you! Good will to you all—from me and  
 America sent. ³²Each of us inevitable; Each of us limitless—each of us with his or her right  
 upon the earth; Each of us allow'd the eternal purports of the earth; Each of us here as divinely as any is here.

12

³³You Hottentot with clicking palate! You wolly- 
 hair hordes! You own'd persons, dropping sweat-drops or blood- 
 drops!   [ begin page 157 ]ppp.00473.157.jpg You human forms with the fathomless ever-impressive  
 countenances of brutes! I dare not refuse you—the scope of the world, and of  
 time and space, are upon me. ³⁴You poor koboo whom the meanest of the rest look  
 down upon, for all your glimmering language  
 and spirituality! You low expiring aborigines of the hills of Utah, 
 Oregon, California! You dwarf'd Kamtschatkan, Greenlander, Lapp! You Austral negro, naked, red, sooty, with protrusive  
 lip, grovelling, seeking your food! You Caffre, Berber, Soudanese! You haggard, uncouth, untutor'd Bedowee! You plague-swarms in Madras, Nankin, Kaubul, Cairo! You bather bathing in the Ganges! You benighted roamer of Amazonia! you Patagonian! 
 you Fejee-man! You peon of Mexico! you slave of Carolina, Texas, 
 Tennessee! I do not prefer others so very much before you either; I do not say one word against you, away back there, 
 where you stand; (You will come forward in due time to my side.) ³⁵My spirit has pass'd in compassion and determina- 
 tion around the whole earth; I have look'd for equals and lovers, and found them  
 ready for me in all lands; I think some divine rapport has equalized me with  
 them.

13

³⁶O vapors! I think I have risen with you, and moved  
 away to distant continents, and fallen down there, 
 for reasons; I think I have blown with you, O winds; O waters, I have finger'd every shore with you. F2   [ begin page 158 ]ppp.00473.158.jpg ³⁷I have run through what any river or strait of the  
 globe has run through; I have taken my stand on the bases of peninsulas, and  
 on the highest embedded rocks, to cry thence. ³⁸ Salut au Monde! What cities the light or warmth penetrates, I pen- 
 etrate those cities myself; All islands to which birds wing their way, I wing my  
 way myself. ³⁹Toward all, I raise high the perpendicular hand—I make the  
 signal, To remain after me in sight forever, For all the haunts and homes of men.

WHAT PLACE IS BESIEGED?

WHAT place is besieged, and vainly tries to raise the  
 siege? Lo! I send to that place a commander, swift, brave,  
 immortal; And with him horse and foot—and parks of artillery, And artillerymen, the deadliest that ever fired gun.   [ begin page 159 ]ppp.00473.159.jpg

LEAVES OF GRASS.

1.

¹ THERE was a child went forth every day; And the first object he look'd upon, that object he be- 
 came; And that object became part of him for the day, or a  
 certain part of the day, or for many years, or  
 stretching cycles of years. ²The early lilacs became part of this child, And grass, and white and red morning-glories, and  
 white and red clover, and the song of the phoebe- 
 bird, And the Third-month lambs, and the sow's pink-faint  
 litter, and the mare's foal, and the cow's calf, And the noisy brood of the barn-yard, or by the mire  
 of the pond-side, And the fish suspending themselves so curiously below  
 there—and the beautiful curious liquid, And the water-plants with their graceful flat heads—  
 all became part of him. ³The field-sprouts of Fourth-month and Fifth-month  
 became part of him; Winter-grain sprouts, and those of the light-yellow  
 corn, and the esculent roots of the garden, And the apple-trees cover'd with blossoms, and the  
 fruit afterward, and wood-berries, and the com- 
 monest weeds by the road;   [ begin page 160 ]ppp.00473.160.jpg And the old drunkard staggering home from the out- 
 house of the tavern, whence he had lately risen, And the school-mistress that pass'd on her way to the  
 school, And the friendly boys that pass'd—and the quarrel- 
 some boys, And the tidy and fresh-cheek'd girls—and the bare- 
 foot negro boy and girl, And all the changes of city and country, wherever he  
 went. ⁴His own parents; He that had father'd him, and she that had conceiv'd  
 him in her womb, and birth'd him, They gave this child more of themselves than that; They gave him afterward every day—they became part  
 of him. ⁵The mother at home, quietly placing the dishes on  
 the supper-table; The mother with mild words—clean her cap and gown. 
 a wholesome odor falling off her person and  
 clothes as she walks by; The father, strong, self-sufficient, manly, mean, anger'd. 
 unjust; The blow, the quick loud word, the tight bargain, the  
 crafty lure, The family usages, the language, the company, the fur- 
 niture—the yearning and swelling heart, Affection that will not be gainsay'd—the sense of what  
 is real—the thought if, after all, it should prove  
 unreal, The doubts of day-time and the doubts of night-time  
 —the curious whether and how, Whether that which appears so is so, or is it all flashes  
 and specks? Men and women crowding fast in the streets—if they  
 are not flashes and specks, what are they?   [ begin page 161 ]ppp.00473.161.jpg The streets themselves, and the façades of houses, and  
 goods in the windows, Vehicles, teams, the heavy-plank'd wharves—the  
 huge crossing at the ferries, The village on the highland, seen from afar at sun- 
 set—the river between, Shadows, aureola and mist, light falling on roofs and  
 gables of white or brown, three miles off, The schooner near by, sleepily dropping down the  
 tide—the little boat slack-tow'd astern, The hurrying tumbling waves, quick-broken crests, 
 slapping, The strata of color'd clouds, the long bar of maroon- 
 tint, away solitary by itself—the spread of pur- 
 ity it lies motionless in, The horizon's edge, the flying sea-crow, the fragrance  
 of salt-marsh and shore-mud; These became part of that child who went forth every  
 day, and who now goes, and will always go forth  
 every day.

2.

¹ MYSELF and mine gymnastic ever, To stand the cold or heat—to take good aim with a  
 gun—to sail a boat—to manage horses—to be- 
 get superb children, To speak readily and clearly—to feel at home among  
 common people, And to hold our own in terrible positions, on land  
 and sea. ²Not for an embroiderer; (There will always be plenty of embroiderers—I wel- 
 come them also;) But for the fibre of things, and for inherent men and  
 women. ³Not to chisel ornaments,   [ begin page 162 ]ppp.00473.162.jpg But to chisel with free stroke the heads and limbs of  
 plenteous Supreme Gods, that The States may  
 realize them, walking and talking. ⁴Let me have my own way; Let others promulge the laws—I will make no account  
 of the laws; Let others praise eminent men and hold up peace—  
 I hold up agitation and conflict; I praise no eminent man—I rebuke to his face the one  
 that was thought most worthy. ⁵(Who are you? you mean devil! And what are you  
 secretly guilty of, all your life? Will you turn aside all your life? Will you grub and  
 chatter all your life?) ⁶(And who are you—blabbing by rote, years, pages, 
 languages, reminiscences, Unwitting to-day that you do not know how to speak  
 a single word?) ⁷Let others finish specimens—I never finish speci- 
 mens; I shower them by exhaustless laws, as nature does, 
 fresh and modern continually. ⁸I give nothing as duties; What others give as duties, I give as living impulses; (Shall I give the heart's action as a duty?) ⁹Let others dispose of questions—I dispose of noth- 
 ing—I arouse unanswerable questions; Who are they I see and touch, and what about them? What about these likes of myself, that draw me so close  
 by tender directions and indirections? ¹⁰I call to the world to distrust the accounts of my  
 friends, but listen to my enemies—as I myself do;   [ begin page 163 ]ppp.00473.163.jpg I charge you, too, forever, reject those who would ex- 
 pound me—for I cannot expound myself; I charge that there be no theory or school founded out  
 of me; I charge you to leave all free, as I have left all free. ¹¹After me, vista! O, I see life is not short, but immeasurably long; I henceforth tread the world, chaste, temperate, an  
 early riser, a steady grower, Every hour the semen of centuries—and still of cen- 
 turies. ¹²I will follow up these continual lessons of the air, 
 water, earth; I perceive I have no time to lose.

3.

¹ WHO learns my lesson complete? Boss, journeyman, apprentice—churchman and athe- 
 ist, The stupid and the wise thinker—parents and off- 
 spring—merchant, clerk, porter, and customer, Editor, author, artist, and schoolboy—Draw nigh and  
 commence; It is no lesson—it lets down the bars to a good lesson, And that to another, and every one to another still. ²The great laws take and effuse without argument; I am of the same style, for I am their friend, I love them quits and quits—I do not halt and make  
 salaams. ³I lie abstracted, and hear beautiful tales of things, 
 and the reasons of things They are so beautiful, I nudge myself to listen.   [ begin page 164 ]ppp.00473.164.jpg ⁴I cannot say to any person what I hear—I cannot  
 say it to myself—it is very wonderful. ⁵It is no small matter, this round and delicious globe. 
 moving so exactly in its orbit forever and ever, 
 without one jolt, or the untruth of a single  
 second; I do not think it was made in six days, nor in ten  
 thousand years, nor ten billions of years, Nor plann'd and built one thing after another, as an  
 architect plans and builds a house. ⁶I do not think seventy years is the time of a man or  
 woman, Nor that seventy millions of years is the time of a  
 man or woman, Nor that years will ever stop the existence of me, or  
 any one else. ⁷Is it wonderful that I should be immortal? as every  
 one is immortal; I know it is wonderful—but my eye-sight is equally  
 wonderful, and how I was conceived in my  
 mother's womb is equally wonderful; And pass'd from a babe, in the creeping trance of  
 a couple of summers and winters, to articulate  
 and walk—All this is equally wonderful. ⁸And that my Soul embraces you this hour, and we  
 affect each other without ever seeing each other, 
 and never perhaps to see each other, is every  
 bit as wonderful. ⁹And that I can think such thoughts as these, is just  
 as wonderful; And that I can remind you, and you think them and  
 know them to be true, is just as wonderful.   [ begin page 165 ]ppp.00473.165.jpg ¹⁰And that the moon spins round the earth, and on  
 with the earth, is equally wonderful; And that they balance themselves with the sun and  
 stars, is equally wonderful.

4.

¹ WHOEVER you are, I fear you are walking the walks of  
 dreams, I fear those supposed realities are to melt from under  
 your feet and hands; Even now, your features, joys, speech, house, trade, 
 manners, troubles, follies, costume, crimes, 
 dissipate away from you, Your true Soul and Body appear before me, They stand forth out of affairs—out of commerce, 
 shops, law, science, work, farms, clothes, the  
 house, medicine, print, buying, selling, eating, 
 drinking, suffering, dying. ²Whoever you are, now I place my hand upon you, 
 that you be my poem; I whisper with my lips close to your ear, I have loved many women and men, but I love none  
 better than you. ³O I have been dilatory and dumb; I should have made my way straight to you long ago; I should have blabb'd nothing but you, I should have  
 chanted nothing but you. ⁴I will leave all, and come and make the hymns of  
 you; None have understood you, but I understand you; None have done justice to you—you have not done  
 justice to yourself;   [ begin page 166 ]ppp.00473.166.jpg None but have found you imperfect—I only find no  
 imperfection in you; None but would subordinate you—I only am he who  
 will never consent to subordinate you; I only am he who places over you no master, owner, 
 better, God, beyond what waits intrinsically in  
 yourself. ⁵Painters have painted their swarming groups, and  
 the centre figure of all; From the head of the centre figure spreading a nim- 
 bus of gold-color'd light; But I paint myriads of heads, but paint no head with- 
 out its nimbus of gold-color'd light; From my hand, from the brain of every man and  
 woman it streams, effulgently flowing forever. ⁶O I could sing such grandeurs and glories about  
 you! You have not known what you are—you have slum- 
 ber upon yourself all your life; Your eye-lids have been the same as closed most of  
 the time; What you have done returns already in mockeries; (Your thrift, knowledge, prayers, if they do not return  
 in mockeries, what is their return?) ⁷The mockeries are not you; Underneath them, and within them, I see you lurk; I pursue you where none else has pursued you; Silence, the desk, the flippant expression, the night, 
 the accustom'd routine, if these conceal you from  
 others, or from yourself, they do not conceal you  
 from me; The shaved face, the unsteady eye, the impure com- 
 plexion, if these balk others, they do not balk  
 me, The pert apparel, the deform'd attitude, drunkenness, 
 greed, premature death, all these I part aside.   [ begin page 167 ]ppp.00473.167.jpg ⁸There is no endowment in man or woman that is  
 not tallied in you; There is no virtue, no beauty, in man or woman, but as  
 good is in you; No pluck, no endurance in others, but as good is in  
 you; No pleasure waiting for others, but an equal pleasure  
 waits for you. ⁹As for me, I give nothing to any one, except I give  
 the like carefully to you; I sing the songs of the glory of none, not God, sooner  
 than I sing the songs of the glory of you. ¹⁰Whoever you are! claim your own at any hazard! These shows of the east and west are tame compared  
 to you; These immense meadows—these interminable rivers—  
 you are immense and interminable as they; These furies, elements, storms, motions of Nature, 
 throes of apparent dissolution—you are he or  
 she who is master or mistress over them, Master or mistress in your own right over Nature, 
 elements, pain, passion, dissolution. ¹¹The hopples fall from your ankles—you find an un- 
 failing sufficiency; Old or young, male or female, rude, low, rejected by  
 the rest, whatever you are promulges itself; Through birth, life, death, burial, the means are pro- 
 vided, nothing is scanted; Through angers, losses, ambition, ignorance, ennui, 
 what you are picks it way.   [ begin page 168 ]ppp.00473.168.jpg

BEGINNERS.

HOW they are provided for upon the earth, (appearing  
 at intervals;) How dear and dreadful they are to the earth; How they inure to themselves as much as to any—  
 What a paradox appears, their age; How people respond to them, yet know them not; How there is something relentless in their fate, all  
 times; How all times mischoose the objects of their adulation  
 and reward, And how the same inexorable price must still be paid  
 for the same great purchase.

TESTS.

ALL submit to them, where they sit, inner, secure,  
 unapproachable to analysis, in the Soul; Not traditions—not the outer authorities are the  
 judges—they are the judges of outer authori- 
 ties, and of all traditions; They corroborate as they go, only whatever corrobo- 
 rates themselves, and touches themselves; For all that, they have it forever in themselves to  
 corroborate far and near, without one excep- 
 tion.

PERFECTIONS.

ONLY themselves understand themselves, and the like  
 of themselves, As Souls only understand Souls.   [ begin page 169 ]ppp.00473.169.jpg

SONG OF THE BROAD-AXE.

1

¹ WEAPON, shapely, naked, wan; Head from the mother's bowels drawn! Wooded flesh and metal bone! limb only one, and lip  
 only one! Gray-blue leaf by red-heat grown! helve produced from  
 a little seed sown! Resting the grass amid and upon, To be lean'd, and to lean on. ²Strong shapes, and attributes of strong shapes—  
 masculine trades, sights and sounds; Long varied train of an emblem, dabs of music; Fingers of the organist skipping staccato over the keys  
 of the great organ.

2

³Welcome are all earth's lands, each for its kind; Welcome are lands of pine and oak; Welcome are lands of the lemon and fig; Welcome are lands of gold; Welcome are lands of wheat and maize—welcome  
 those of the grape; Welcome are lands of sugar and rice; Welcome the cotton-lands—welcome those of the white  
 potato and sweet potato; Welcome are mountains, flats, sands, forests, prairies; Welcome the rich borders of rivers, table-lands, 
 openings;   [ begin page 170 ]ppp.00473.170.jpg Welcome the measureless grazing-lands—welcome the  
 teeming soil of orchards, flax, honey, hemp; Welcome just as much the other more hard-faced  
 lands; Lands rich as lands of gold, or wheat and fruit lands; Lands of mines, lands of the manly and rugged ores; Lands of coal, copper, lead, tin, zinc; LANDS OF IRON! lands of the make of the axe!

3

⁴The log at the wood-pile, the axe supported by it; The sylvan hut, the vine over the doorway, the space  
 clear'd for a garden, The irregular tapping of rain down on the leaves, 
 after the storm is lull'd, The wailing and moaning at intervals, the thought of  
 the sea, The thought of ships struck in the storm, and put on  
 their beam-ends, and the cutting away of  
 masts; The sentiment of the huge timbers of old-fashion'd  
 houses and barns; The remember'd print or narrative, the voyage at a  
 venture of men, families, goods, The disembarkation, the founding of a new city, The voyage of those who sought a New England and  
 found it—the outset anywhere, The settlements of the Arkansas, Colorado, Ottawa, 
 Willamette, The slow progress, the scant fare, the axe, rifle, saddle- 
 bags; The beauty of all adventurous and daring persons, The beauty of wood-boys and wood-men, with their  
 clear untrimm'd faces, The beauty of independence, departure, actions that  
 rely on themselves, The American contempt for statutes and ceremonies, 
 the boundless impatience of restraint,   [ begin page 171 ]ppp.00473.171.jpg The loose drift of character, the inkling through ran- 
 dom types, the solidification; The butcher in the slaughter-house, the hands aboard  
 schooners and sloops, the raftsman, the pioneer, Lumbermen in their winter camp, day-break in the  
 woods, stripes of snow on the limbs of trees, 
 the occasional snapping, The glad clear sound of one's own voice, the merry  
 song, the natural life of the woods, the strong  
 day's work, The blazing fire at night, the sweet taste of supper  
 the talk, the bed of hemlock boughs, and the  
 bear-skin; —The house-builder at work in cities or anywhere, The preparatory jointing, squaring, sawing, mortising, The hoist-up of beams, the push of them in their  
 places, laying them regular, Setting the studs by their tenons in the mortises, ac- 
 cording as they were prepared, The blows of mallets and hammers, the attitudes of  
 the men, their curv'd limbs, Bending, standing, astride the beams, driving in pins, 
 holding on by posts and braces, The hook'd arm over the plate, the other arm wielding  
 the axe, The floor-men forcing the planks close, to be nail'd, Their postures bringing their weapons downward on  
 the bearers, The echoes resounding through the vacant building; The huge store-house carried up in the city, well  
 under way, The six framing-men, two in the middle, and two at  
 each end, carefully bearing on their shoulders  
 a heavy stick for a cross-beam, The crowded line of masons with trowels in their  
 right hands, rapidly laying the long side-wall, 
 two hundred feet from front to rear, The flexible rise and fall of backs, the continual click  
 of the trowels striking the bricks,   [ begin page 172 ]ppp.00473.172.jpg The bricks, one after another, each laid so workman- 
 like in its place, and set with a knock of the  
 trowel-handle, The piles of materials, the mortar on the mortar- 
 boards, and the steady replenishing by the hod- 
 men; —Spar-makers in the spar-yard, the swarming row of  
 well-grown apprentices, The swing of their axes on the square-hew'd log, 
 shaping it toward the shape of a mast, The brisk short crackle of the steel driven slantingly  
 into the pine, The butter-color'd chips flying off in great flakes and  
 slivers, The limber motion of brawny young arms and hips in  
 easy costumes; The constructor of wharves, bridges, piers, bulk-heads, 
 floats, stays against the sea; —The city fireman—the fire that suddenly bursts forth  
 in the close-pack'd square, The arriving engines, the hoarse shouts, the nimble  
 stepping and daring, The strong command through the fire-trumpets, the  
 falling in line, the rise and fall of the arms  
 forcing the water, The slender, spasmic blue-white jets—the bringing to  
 bear of the hooks and ladders, and their  
 execution, The crash and cut away of connecting wood-work, or  
 through floors, if the fire smoulders under  
 them, The crowd with their lit faces, watching—the glare  
 and dense shadows; —The forger at his forge-furnace, and the user of iron  
 after him, The maker of the axe large and small, and the welder  
 and temperer, The chooser breathing his breath on the cold steel. 
 and trying the edge with his thumb,   [ begin page 173 ]ppp.00473.173.jpg The one who clean-shapes the handle and sets it  
 firmly in the socket; The shadowy processions of the portraits of the past  
 users also, The primal patient mechanics, the architects and  
 engineers, The far-off Assyrian edifice and Mizra edifice, The Roman lictors preceding the consuls, The antique European warrior with his axe in combat, The uplifted arm, the clatter of blows on the helmeted  
 head, The death-howl, the limpsey tumbling body, the rush  
 of friend and foe thither, The seige of revolted lieges determin'd for liberty, The summons to surrender, the battering at castle  
 gates, the truce and parley; The sack of an old city in its time, The bursting in of mercenaries and bigots tumultuously  
 and disorderly, Roar, flames, blood, drunkenness, madness, Goods freely rifled from houses and temples, screams  
 of women in the gripe of brigands, Craft and thievery of camp-followers, men running, old  
 persons despairing, The hell of war, the cruelties of creeds, The list of all executive deeds and words, just or un- 
 just, The power of personality, just or unjust.

4

⁵Muscle and pluck forever! What invigorates life, invigorates death, And the dead advance as much as the living advance, And the future is no more uncertain than the present, And the roughness of the earth and of man encloses  
 as much as the delicatesse of the earth and of  
 man, And nothing endures but personal qualities.   [ begin page 174 ]ppp.00473.174.jpg ⁶What do you think endures? Do you think the great city endures? Or a teeming manufacturing state? or a prepared con- 
 stitution? or the best built steamships? Or hotels of granite and iron? or any chef-d'eouvres of  
 engineering, forts, armaments? ⁷Away! These are not to be cherish'd for themselves; They fill their hour, the dancers dance, the musicians  
 play for them; The show passes, all does well enough of course, All does very well till one flash of defiance. ⁸The great city is that which has the greatest man or  
 woman; If it be a few ragged huts, it is still the greatest city in  
 the whole world.

5

⁹The place where the great city stands is not the  
 place of stretch'd wharves, docks, manufactures, 
 deposits of produce, Nor the place of ceaseless salutes of new comers, or  
 the anchor-lifters of the departing, Nor the place of the tallest and costliest buildings, or  
 shops selling goods from the rest of the earth, Nor the place of the best libraries and schools—nor  
 the place where money is plentiest, Nor the place of the most numerous population. ¹⁰Where the city stands with the brawniest breed of  
 orators and bards; Where the city stands that is beloved by these, and  
 loves them in return, and understands them; Where no monuments exist to heroes, but in the  
 common words and deeds; Where thrift is in its place, and prudence is in its  
 place;   [ begin page 175 ]ppp.00473.175.jpg Where the men and women think lightly of the laws; Where the slave ceases, and the master of slaves ceases; Where the populace rise at once against the never- 
 ending audacity of elected persons; Where fierce men and women pour forth, as the sea  
 to the whistle of death pours its sweeping and  
 unript waves; Where outside authority enters always after the pre- 
 cedence of inside authority; Where the citizen is always the head and ideal—and  
 President, Mayor, Governor, and what not, are  
 agents for pay; Where children are taught to be laws to themselves, 
 and to depend on themselves; Where equanimity is illustrated in affairs; Where speculations on the Soul are encouraged; Where women walk in public processions in the streets, 
 the same as the men, Where they enter the public assembly and take places  
 the same as the men; Where the city of the faithfulest friends stands; Where the city of the cleanliness of the sexes stands; Where the city of the healthiest fathers stands; Where the city of the best-bodied mothers stands, There the great city stands.

6

¹¹How beggarly appear arguments, before a defiant  
 deed! How the floridness of the materials of cities shrivels  
 before a man's or woman's look! ¹²All waits, or goes by default, till a strong being ap- 
 pears; A strong being is the proof of the race, and of the  
 ability of the universe; When he or she appears, materials are overaw'd, The dispute on the Soul stops,   [ begin page 176 ]ppp.00473.176.jpg The old customs and phrases are confronted, turn'd  
 back, or laid away. ¹³What is your money-making now? What can it do  
 now? What is your respectability now? What are your theology, tuition, society, traditions, 
 statute-books, now? Where are your jibes of being now? Where are your cavils about the Soul now? ¹⁴Was that your best? Were those your vast and  
 solid? Riches, opinions, politics, institutions, to part obedi- 
 ently from the path of one man or woman! The centuries, and all authority, to be trod under the  
 foot-soles of one man or woman!

7

¹⁵A sterile landscape covers the ore—there is as good  
 as the best, for all the forbidding appearance; There is the mine, there are the miners; The forge-furnace is there, the melt is accomplish'd;  
 the hammers-men are at hand with their tongs  
 and hammers; What always served and always serves, is at hand. ¹⁶Than this nothing has better served—it has served  
 all: Served the fluent-tongued and subtle-sensed Greek, 
 and long ere the Greek: Served in building the buildings that last longer than  
 any; Served the Hebrew, the Persian, the most ancient  
 Hindostanee; Served the mound-raiser on the Mississippi—served  
 those whose relics remain in Central America;   [ begin page 177 ]ppp.00473.177.jpg Served Albic temples in woods or on plains, with un- 
 hewn pillars, and the druids; Served the artificial clefts, vast, high, silent, on the  
 snow-cover'd hills of Scandinavia; Served those who, time out of mind, made on the  
 granite walls rough sketches of the sun, moon, 
 stars, ships, ocean-waves; Served the paths of the irruptions of the Goths—  
 served the pastoral tribes and nomads; Served the long, long distant Kelt—served the hardy  
 pirates of the Baltic; Served before any of those, the venerable and harm- 
 less men of Ethiopia; Served the making of helms for the galleys of plea- 
 sure, and the making of those for war; Served all great works on land, and all great works on  
 the sea; For the mediæval ages, and before the mediæval ages; Served not the living only, then as now, but served the  
 dead.

8

¹⁷I see the European headsman; He stands mask'd, clothed in red, with huge legs, and  
 strong naked arms, And leans on a ponderous axe. ¹⁸Whom have you slaughter'd lately, European heads- 
 man? Whose is that blood upon you, so wet and sticky? ¹⁹I see the clear sunsets of the martyrs; I see from the scaffolds the descending ghosts, Ghosts of dead lords, uncrown'd ladies, impeach'd  
 ministers, rejected kings, Rivals, traitors, poisoners, disgraced chieftains, and  
 the rest.   [ begin page 178 ]ppp.00473.178.jpg ²⁰I see those who in any land have died for the  
 good cause; The seed is spare, nevertheless the crop shall never run  
 out; (Mind you, O foreign kings, O priests, the crop shall  
 never run out.) ²¹I see the blood wash'd entirely away from the axe; Both blade and helve are clean; They spirt no more the blood of European nobles—  
 they clasp no more the necks of queens. ²²I see the headsman withdraw and become useless; I see the scaffold untrodden and mouldy—I see no  
 longer any axe upon it; I see the mighty and friendly emblem of the power of  
 my own race—the newest, largest race.

9

²³& America! I do not vaunt my love for you; I have what I have. ²⁴The axe leaps! The solid forest gives fluid utterances; They tumble forth, they rise and form, Hut, tent, landing, survey, Flail, plough, pick, crowbar, spade, Shingle, rail, prop, wainscot, jamb, lath, panel, gable, Citadel, ceiling, saloon, academy, organ, exhibition- 
 house, library, Cornice, trellis, pilaster, balcony, window, shutter, tur- 
 ret, porch, Hoe, rake, pitch-fork, pencil, wagon, staff, saw, jack- 
 plane, mallet, wedge, rounce, Chair, tub, hoop, table, wicket, vane, sash, floor, Work-box, chest, string'd instrument, boat, frame, and  
 what not, Capitols of States, and capitol of the nation of States,   [ begin page 179 ]ppp.00473.179.jpg Long stately rows in avenues, hospitals for orphans, or  
 for the poor or sick, Manhattan steamboats and clippers, taking the meas- 
 ure of all seas. ²⁵The shapes arise! Shapes of the using of axes anyhow, and the users, 
 and all that neighbors them, Cutters down of wood, and haulers of it to the Penob- 
 scot or Kennebec, Dwellers in cabins among the Californian mountains, 
 or by the little lakes, or on the Columbia, Dwellers south on the banks of the Gila or Rio Grande  
 —friendly gatherings, the characters and fun, Dwellers up north in Minnesota and by the Yellow- 
 stone river—dwellers on coasts and off coasts, Seal-fishers, whalers, arctic seamen breaking passages  
 through the ice. ²⁶The shapes arise! Shapes of factories, arsenals, foundries, markets; Shapes of the two-threaded tracks of railroads; Shapes of the sleepers of bridges, vast frameworks, 
 girders, arches; Shapes of the fleets of barges, tows, lake craft, river  
 craft. ²⁷The shapes arise! Ship-yards and dry-docks along the Eastern and West- 
 ern Seas, and in many a bay and by-place, The live-oak kelsons, the pine planks, the spars, the  
 hackmatack-roots for knees, The ships themselves on their ways, the tiers of scaf- 
 folds, the workmen busy outside and inside, The tools lying around, the great auger and little au- 
 ger, the adze, bolt, line, square, gouge, and bead- 
 plane.   [ begin page 180 ]ppp.00473.180.jpg

10

²⁸The shapes arise! The shape measur'd, saw'd, jack'd, join'd, stain'd, The coffin-shape for the dead to lie within in his  
 shroud; The shape got out in posts, in the bedstead posts, in  
 the posts of the bride's bed; The shape of the little trough, the shape of the rockers  
 beneath, the shape of the babe's cradle; The shape of the floor-planks, the floor-planks for  
 dancers' feet; The shape of the planks of the family home, the  
 home of the friendly parents and children, The shape of the roof of the home of the happy  
 young man and woman, the roof over the well- 
 married young man and woman, The roof over the supper joyously cook'd by the chaste  
 wife, and joyously eaten by the chaste husband, 
 content after his day's work. ²⁹The shapes arise! The shape of the prisoner's place in the court-room, 
 and of him or her seated in the place; The shape of the liquor-bar lean'd against by the  
 young rum-drinker and the old rum drinker; The shape of the shamed and angry stairs, trod by  
 sneaking footsteps; The shape of the sly settee, and the adulterous un- 
 wholesome couple; The shape of the gambling-board with its devilish  
 winnings and losings; The shape of the step-ladder for the convicted and  
 sentenced murderer, the murderer with hag- 
 gard face and pinion'd arms, The sheriff at hand with his deputies, the silent and  
 white-lipp'd crowd, the sickening dangling of  
 the rope.   [ begin page 181 ]ppp.00473.181.jpg ³⁰The shapes arise! Shapes of doors giving many exits and entrances; The door passing the dissever'd friend, flush'd and in  
 haste; The door that admits good news and bad news; The door whence the son left home, confident and  
 puff'd up; The door he enter'd again from a long and scandalous  
 absence, diseas'd, broken down, without inno- 
 cence, without means.

11

³¹Her shape arises, She, less guarded than ever, yet more guarded than  
 ever; The gross and soil'd she moves among do not make  
 her gross and soil'd; She knows the thoughts as she passes—nothing is con- 
 ceal from her; She is none the less considerate or friendly therefor; She is the best-beloved—it is without exception—she  
 has no reason to fear, and she does not fear; Oaths, quarrels, hiccupp'd songs, smutty expressions, 
 are idle to her as she passes; She is silent—she is possess'd of herself—they do not  
 offend her; She receives them as the laws of nature receive them  
 —she is strong, She too is a law of nature—there is no law stronger  
 than she is.

12

³²The main shapes arise! Shapes of Democracy, total—result of centuries; Shapes, ever projecting other shapes; Shapes of a hundred Free States, begetting another  
 hundred; Shapes of turbulent manly cities; Shapes of the women fit for These States, G2   [ begin page 182 ]ppp.00473.182.jpg Shapes of the friends and home-givers of the whole  
 earth, Shapes bracing the earth, and braced with the whole  
 earth.

WITH ANTECEDENTS.

¹ WITH antecedents; With my fathers and mothers, and the accumulations  
 of past ages; With all which, had it not been, I would not now be  
 here, as I am: With Egypt, India, Phenicia, Greece and Rome; With the Kelt, the Scandinavian, the Alb, and the  
 Saxon; With antique maritime ventures,—with laws, artizan- 
 ship, wars and journeys; With the poet, the skald, the saga, the myth, and the  
 oracle; With the sale of slaves—with enthusiasts—with the  
 troubadour, the crusader, and the monk; With those old continents whence we have come to this  
 new continent; With the fading kingdoms and kings over there; With the fading religions and priests; With the small shores we look back to from our own  
 large and present shores; With countless years drawing themselves onward, and  
 arrived at these years; You and Me arrived—America arrived, and making  
 this year; This year! sending itself ahead countless years to  
 come.   [ begin page 183 ]ppp.00473.183.jpg ²O but it is not the years—it is I—it is You; We touch all laws, and tally all antecedents; We are the skald, the oracle, the monk, and the  
 knight—we easily include them, and more; We stand amid time, beginningless and endless—we  
 stand amid evil and good; All swings around us—there is as much darkness as  
 light; The very sun swings itself and its system of planets  
 around us: Its sun, and its again, all swing around us. ³As for me, (torn, stormy, even as I, amid these ve- 
 hement days;) I have the idea of all, and am all, and believe in all; I believe materialism is true, and spiritualism is true—  
 I reject no part. ⁴Have I forgotten any part? Come to me, whoever and whatever, till I give you  
 recognition. ⁵I respect Assyria, China, Teutonia, and the He- 
 brews; I adopt each theory, myth, god, and demi-god; I see that the old accounts, bibles, genealogies, are  
 true, without exception; I assert that all past days were what they should have  
 been; And that they could no-how have been better than  
 they were, And that to-day is what it should be—and that  
 America is, And that to-day and America could no-how be better  
 than they are. ⁶In the name of These States, and in your and my  
 name, the Past,   [ begin page 184 ]ppp.00473.184.jpg And in the name of These States, and in your and my  
 name, the Present time. ⁷I know that the past was great, and the future will  
 be great, And I know that both curiously conjoint in the pres- 
 ent time, (For the sake of him I typify—for the common aver- 
 age man's sake—your sake, if you are he;) And that where I am, or you are, this present day,  
 there is the centre of all days, all races, And there is the meaning, to us, of all that has ever  
 come of races and days, or ever will come.

SAVANTISM.

THITHER, as I look, I see each result and glory re- 
 tracing itself and nestling close, always obli- 
 gated; Thither hours, months, years—thither trades, com- 
 pacts, establishments, even the most minute; Thither every-day life, speech, utensils, politics, per- 
 sons, estates; Thither we also, I with my leaves and songs, trustful,  
 admirant, As a father, to his father going, takes his children  
 along with him.   [ begin page 185 ]ppp.00473.185.jpg

CROSSING BROOKLYN FERRY.

¹ FLOOD-TIDE below me! I watch you face to face; Clouds of the west! sun there half an hour high! I see  
 you also face to face. ²Crowds of men and women attired in the usual cos- 
 tumes! how curious you are to me! On the ferry-boats, the hundreds and hundreds that  
 cross, returning home, are more curious to me  
 than you suppose; And you that shall cross from shore to shore years hence,  
 are more to me, and more in my meditations,  
 than you might suppose. ³The impalpable sustenance of me from all things, at  
 all hours of the day; The simple, compact, well-join'd scheme—myself dis- 
 integrated, every one disintegrated, yet part of  
 the scheme; The similitudes of the past, and those of the future; The glories strung like beads on my smallest sights and  
 hearings—on the walk in the street, and the  
 passage over the river; The current rushing so swiftly, and swimming with me  
 far away; The others that are to follow me, the ties between me  
 and them; The certainty of others—the life, love, sight, hearing  
 of others.   [ begin page 186 ]ppp.00473.186.jpg ⁴Others will enter the gates of the ferry, and cross  
 from shore to shore; Others will watch the run of the flood-tide; Others will see the shipping of Manhattan north and  
 west, and the heights of Brooklyn to the south  
 and east; Others will see the islands large and small; Fifty years hence, others will see them as they cross,  
 the sun half an hour high; A hundred years hence, or ever so many hundred years  
 hence, others will see them, Will enjoy the sunset, the pouring in of the flood-tide,  
 the falling back to the sea of the ebb-tide. ⁵It avails not, neither time or place—distance avails  
 not; I am with you, you men and women of a generation,  
 or ever so many generations hence; I project myself—also I return—I am with you, and  
 know how it is. ⁶Just as you feel when you look on the river and sky  
 so I felt; Just as any of you is one of a living crowd, I was one  
 of a crowd; Just as you are refresh'd by the gladness of the river  
 and the bright flow, I was refresh'd; Just as you stand and lean on the rail, yet hurry with  
 the swift current, I stood, yet was hurried; Just as you look on the numberless masts of ships, and  
 the thick-stem'd pipes of steamboats, I look'd. ⁷I too many and many a time cross'd the river, the  
 sun half an hour high; I watched the Twelfth-month sea-gulls—I saw them  
 high in the air, floating with motionless wings,  
 oscillating their bodies,   [ begin page 187 ]ppp.00473.187.jpg I saw how the glistening yellow lit up parts of their  
 bodies, and left the rest in strong shadow, I saw the slow-wheeling circles, and the gradual edging  
 toward the south. ⁸I too saw the reflection of the summer sky in the  
 water, Had my eyes dazzled by the shimmering track of  
 beams, Look'd at the fine centrifugal spokes of light round the  
 shape of my head in the sun-lit water, Look'd on the haze on the hills southward and south- 
 westward, Look'd on the vapor as it flew in fleeces tinged with  
 violet, Look'd toward the lower bay to notice the arriving  
 ships, Saw their approach, saw aboard those that were near me, Saw the white sails of schooners and sloops, saw the  
 ships at anchor, The sailors at work in the rigging, or out astride the  
 spars, The round masts, the swinging motion of the hulls, the  
 slender serpentine pennants, The large and small steamers in motion, the pilots in  
 their pilot-houses, The white wake left by the passage, the quick trem- 
 ulous whirl of the wheels, The flags of all nations, the falling of them at sun-set, The scallop-edged waves in the twilight, the ladled  
 cups, the frolicsome crests and glistening, The stretch afar growing dimmer and dimmer, the gray  
 walls of the granite store-houses by the docks, On the river the shadowy group, the big steam-tug  
 closely flank'd on each side by the barges—the  
 hay-boat, the belated lighter, On the neighboring shore, the fires from the foundry  
 chimneys burning high and glaringly into the  
 night,   [ begin page 188 ]ppp.00473.188.jpg Casting their flicker of black, contrasted with wild red  
 and yellow light, over the tops of houses, and  
 down into the clefts of streets. ⁹These, and all else, were to me the same as they are  
 to you; I project myself a moment to tell you—also I return. ¹⁰I loved well those cities; I loved well the stately and rapid river; The men and women I saw were all near to me; Others the same—others who look back on me, because  
 I look'd forward to them; (The time will come, though I stop here to-day and  
 to-night.) ¹¹What is it, then, between us? What is the count of the scores or hundreds of years  
 between us? ¹²Whatever it is, it avails not—distance avails not,  
 and place avails not. ¹³I too lived—Brooklyn, of ample hills, was mine; I too walked the streets of Manhattan Island, and  
 bathed in the waters around it; I too felt the curious abrupt questionings stir within  
 me, In the day, among crowds of people, sometimes they  
 came upon me, In my walks home late at night, or as I lay in my bed,  
 they came upon me. ¹⁴I too had been struck from the float forever held in  
 solution; I too had receiv'd identity by my Body; That I was, I knew was of my body—and what I  
 should be, I knew I should be of my body.   [ begin page 189 ]ppp.00473.189.jpg ¹⁵It is not upon you alone the dark patches fall, The dark threw patches down upon me also; The best I had done seem'd to me blank and sus- 
 picious; My great thoughts, as I supposed them, were they not  
 in reality meagre? would not people laugh at  
 me? ¹⁶It is not you alone who know what it is to be evil; I am he who knew what it was to be evil; I too knitted the old knot of contrariety, Blabb'd, blush'd, resented, lied, stole, grudg'd, Had guile, anger, lust, hot wishes I dared not  
 speak, Was wayward, vain, greedy, shallow, sly, cowardly,  
 malignant,; The wolf, the snake, the hog, not wanting in me, The cheating look, the frivolous word, the adulterous  
 wish, not wanting, Refusals, hates, postponements, meanness, laziness,  
 none of these wanting. ¹⁷But I was Manhattanese, friendly and proud! I was call'd by my nighest name by clear loud voices  
 of young men as they saw me approaching or  
 passing, Felt their arms on my neck as I stood, or the negligent  
 leaning of their flesh against me as I sat, Saw many I loved in the street, or ferry-boat, or public  
 assembly, yet never told them a word, Lived the same life with the rest, the same old laugh- 
 ing, gnawing, sleeping, Play'd the part that still looks back on the actor or  
 actress, The same old role, the role that is what we make it,  
 as great as we like, Or as small as we like, or both great and small.   [ begin page 190 ]ppp.00473.190.jpg ¹⁸Closer yet I approach you; What thought you have of me, I had as much of you  
 —I laid in my stores in advance; I consider'd long and seriously of you before you were  
 born. ¹⁹Who was to know what should come home to me? Who knows but I am enjoying this? Who knows but I am as good as looking at you now,  
 for all you cannot see me? ²⁰It is not you alone, nor I alone; Not a few races, nor a few generations, nor a few  
 centuries; It is that each came, or comes, or shall come, from its  
 due emission, without fail, either now, or then,  
 or henceforth. ²¹Every thing indicates—the smallest does, and the  
 largest does; A necessary film envelops all, and envelops the Soul  
 for a proper time. ²²Now I am curious what sight can ever be more stately  
 and admirable to me than my mast-hemm'd  
 Manhatta, My river and sun-set, and my scallop-edg'd waves of  
 flood-tide, The sea-gulls oscillating their bodies, the hay-boat in  
 the twilight, and the belated lighter; Curious what Gods can exceed these that clasp me by  
 the hand, and with voices I love call me promptly  
 and loudly by my nighest name as I approach; Curious what is more subtle than this which ties me  
 to the woman or man that looks in my face, Which fuses me into you now, and pours my meaning  
 into you.   [ begin page 191 ]ppp.00473.191.jpg ²³We understand, then, do we not? What I promis'd without mentioning it, have you not  
 accepted? What the study could not teach—what the preaching  
 could not accomplish, is accomplish'd, is it not? What the push of reading could not start, is started  
 by me personally, is it not? ²⁴Flow on, river! flow with the flood-tide, and ebb  
 with the ebb-tide! Frolic on, crested and scallop-edged waves! Gorgeous clouds of the sun-set! drench with your  
 splendor me, or the men and women generations  
 after me; Cross from shore to shore, countless crowds of pas- 
 sengers! Stand up, tall masts of Mannahatta!—stand up, beauti- 
 ful hills of Brooklyn! Bully for you! you proud, friendly, free Manhat- 
 tanese! Throb, baffled and curious brain! throw out questions  
 and answers! Suspend here and everywhere, eternal float of solu- 
 tion! Blab, blush, lie, steal, you or I or any one after us! Gaze, loving and thirsting eyes, in the house, or street,  
 or public assembly! Sound out, voices of young men! loudly and musically  
 call me by my nighest name! Live, old life! play the part that looks back on the  
 actor or actress! Play the old role, the role that is great or small,  
 according as one makes it! Consider, you who peruse me, whether I may not in  
 unknown ways be looking upon you; Be firm, rail over the river, to support those who lean  
 idly, yet haste with the hasting current; Fly on, sea-birds! fly sideways, or wheel in large cir- 
 cles high in the air;   [ begin page 192 ]ppp.00473.192.jpg Receive the summer sky, you water! and faithfully  
 hold it, till all downcast eyes have time to take  
 it from you; Diverge, fine spokes of light, from the shape of my  
 head, or any one's head, in the sun-lit water; Come on, ships from the lower bay! pass up or down,  
 white-sail'd schooners, sloops, lighters! Flaunt away, flags of all nations! be duly lower'd at  
 sunset; Burn high your fires, foundry chimneys! cast black  
 shadows at nightfall! cast red and yellow light  
 over the tops of the houses; Appearances, now or henceforth, indicate what you  
 are; You necessary film, continue to envelop the soul; About my body for me, and your body for you, be  
 hung our divinest aromas; Thrive, cities! bring your freight, bring your shows,  
 ample and sufficient rivers; Expand, being than which none else is perhaps more  
 spiritual; Keep your places, objects than which none else is more  
 lasting. ²⁵We descend upon you and all things—we arrest you  
 all; We realize the soul only by you, you faithful solids  
 and fluids; Through you color, form, location, sublimity, ideality; Through you every proof, comparison, and all the sug- 
 gestions and determinations of ourselves. ²⁶You have waited, you always wait, you dumb, beau- 
 tiful ministers! you novices! We receive you with free sense at last, and are insati- 
 ate henceforward; Not you any more shall be able to foil us, or with- 
 hold yourselves from us;   [ begin page 193 ]ppp.00473.193.jpg We use you, and do not cast you aside—we plant you  
 permanently within us; We fathom you not—we love you—there is perfection  
 in you also; You furnish your parts toward eternity; Great or small, you furnish your parts toward the  
 soul.

TO A FOIL'D REVOLTER OR REVOLTRESS.

¹ COURAGE! my brother or my sister! Keep on! Liberty is to be subserved, whatever occurs; That is nothing, that is quell'd by one or two failures,  
 or any number of failures, Or by the indifference or ingratitude of the people, or  
 by any unfaithfulness, Or the show of the tushes of power, soldiers, cannon,  
 penal statutes. ²What we believe in waits latent forever through all  
 the continents, and all the islands and archi- 
 pelagos of the sea. ³What we believe in invites no one, promises nothing,  
 sits in calmness and light, is positive and com- 
 posed, knows no discouragement, Waiting patiently, waiting its time. ⁴The battle rages with many a loud alarm, and fre- 
 quent advance and retreat, The infidel triumphs—or supposes he triumphs, The prison, scaffold, garrote, hand-cuffs, iron necklace  
 and anklet, lead-balls, do their work, The named and unnamed heroes pass to other spheres, The great speakers and writers are exiled—they lie sick  
 in distant lands,   [ begin page 194 ]ppp.00473.194.jpg The cause is asleep—the strongest throats are still,  
 choked with their own blood, The young men drop their eyelashes toward the ground  
 when they meet; But for all this, liberty has not gone out of the place,  
 nor the infidel enter'd into possession. ⁵When liberty goes out of a place, it is not the first  
 to go, nor the second or third to go, It waits for all the rest to go—it is the last. ⁶When there are no more memories of heroes and  
 martyrs, And when all life, and all the souls of men and women  
 are discharged from any part of the earth, Then only shall liberty be discharged from that part of  
 the earth, And the infidel and the tyrant come into possession. ⁷Then courage! revolter! revoltress! For till all ceases, neither must you cease. ⁸I do not know what you are for, (I do not know what  
 I am for myself, nor what anything is for,) But I will search carefully for it even in being foil'd, In defeat, poverty, imprisonment—for they too are  
 great. ⁹Did we think victory great? So it is—But now it seems to me, when it cannot be  
 help'd, that defeat is great, And that death and dismay are great.   [ begin page 195 ]ppp.00473.195.jpg

TO GET BETIMES IN BOSTON TOWN.

¹TO get betimes in Boston town, I rose this morning  
 early; Here's a good place at the corner—I must stand and  
 see the show. ²Clear the way there, Jonathan! Way for the President's marshal! Way for the gov- 
 ernment cannon! Way for the Federal foot and dragoons—and the appa- 
 ritions copiously tumbling. ³I love to look on the stars and stripes—I hope the fifes  
 will play Yankee Doodle. ⁴How bright shine the cutlasses of the foremost  
 troops! Every man holds his revolver, marching stiff through  
 Boston town. ⁵A fog follows—antiques of the same come limping, Some appear wooden-legged, and some appear ban- 
 daged and bloodless. ⁶Why this is indeed a show! It has call'd the dead  
 out of the earth! The old grave-yards of the hills have hurried to see! Phantoms! phantoms countless by flank and rear! Cock'd hats of mothy mould! crutches made of mist! Arms in slings! old men leaning on young men's  
 shoulders! ⁷What troubles you, Yankee phantoms? What is all  
 this chattering of bare gums? Does the ague convulse your limbs? Do you mistake  
 your crutches for fire-locks, and level them?   [ begin page 196 ]ppp.00473.196.jpg ⁸If you blind your eyes with tears, you will not see  
 the President's marshal; If you groan such groans you might balk the govern- 
 ment cannon. ⁹For shame, old maniacs! Bring down those toss'd  
 arms, and let your white hair be; Here gape your great grand-sons—their wives gaze at  
 them from the windows, See how well-dress'd—see how orderly they conduct  
 themselves. ¹⁰Worse and worse! Can't you stand it? Are you  
 retreating? Is this hour with the living too dead for you? ¹¹Retreat then! Pell-mell! To your graves! Back! back to the hills, old limpers! I do not think you belong here, anyhow. ¹²But there is one thing that belongs here—shall I  
 tell you what it is, gentlemen of Boston? ¹³I will whisper it to the Mayor—he shall send a  
 committee to England; They shall get a grant from the Parliament, go with a  
 cart to the royal vault—haste! Dig out King George's coffin, unwrap him quick from  
 the grave-clothes, box up his bones for a  
 journey; Find a swift Yankee clipper—here is freight for you,  
 black-bellied clipper, Up with your anchor! shake out your sails! steer  
 straight toward Boston bay. ¹⁴Now call for the President's marshal again, bring  
 out the government cannon, Fetch home the roarers from Congress, make another  
 procession, guard it with foot and dragoons.   [ begin page 197 ]ppp.00473.197.jpg ¹⁵This centre-piece for them: Look! all orderly citizens—look from the windows,  
 women! ¹⁶The committee open the box, set up the regal ribs,  
 glue those that will not stay, Clap the skull on top of the ribs, and clap a crown on  
 top of the skull. ¹⁷You have got your revenge, old buster! The crown  
 is come to its own, and more than its own. ¹⁸Stick your hands in your pockets, Jonathan—you  
 are a made man from this day; You are mighty cute—and here is one of your  
 bargains.

TO A COMMON PROSTITUTE.

¹BE composed—be at ease with me—I am Walt  
 Whitman, liberal and lusty as Nature; Not till the sun excludes you, do I exclude you; Not till the waters refuse to glisten for you, and the  
 leaves to rustle for you, do my words refuse to  
 glisten and rustle for you. ²My girl, I appoint with you an appointment—and I  
 charge you that you make preparation to be  
 worthy to meet me, And I charge you that you be patient and perfect till  
 I come. ³Till then, I salute you with a significant look, that  
 you do not forget me. H   [ begin page 198 ]ppp.00473.198.jpg

TO A PUPIL.

¹IS reform needed? Is it through you? The greater the reform needed, the greater PER- 
 SONALITY you need to accomplish it. ²You! do you not see how it would serve to have  
 eyes, blood, complexion, clean and sweet? Do you not see how it would serve to have such a Body  
 and Soul, that when you enter the crowd, an  
 atmosphere of desire and command enters with  
 you, and every one is impress'd with your per- 
 sonality? ³O the magnet! the flesh over and over! Go, dear friend! if need be, give up all else, and com- 
 mence to-day to inure yourself to pluck, reality,  
 self-esteem, definiteness, elevatedness; Rest not, till you rivet and publish yourself of your  
 own personality.

TO RICH GIVERS.

WHAT you give me, I cheerfully accept, A little sustenance, a hut and garden, a little money—  
 these, as I rendezvous with my poems, A traveler's lodging and breakfast as I journey through  
 The States—Why should I be ashamed to own  
 such gifts? Why to advertise for them? For I myself am not one who bestows nothing upon  
 man and woman; For I bestow upon any man or woman the entrance to  
 all the gifts of the universe.   [ begin page 199 ]ppp.00473.199.jpg

A WORD OUT OF THE SEA.

1

¹ OUT of the rock'd cradle, Out of the mocking-bird's throat, the musical shuttle, Out of the Ninth-month midnight, Over the sterile sands, and the fields beyond, where  
 the child, leaving his bed, wander'd alone, bare- 
 headed, barefoot, Down from the shower'd halo, Up from the mystic play of shadows, twining and  
 twisting as if they were alive, Out from the patches of briers and blackberries, From the memories of the bird that chanted to me, From your memories, sad brother—from the fitful  
 risings and fallings I heard, From under that yellow half-moon, late-risen, and  
 swollen as if with tears, From those beginning notes of sickness and love, 
 there in the transparent mist, From the thousand responses of my heart, never to cease, From the myriad thence-arous'd words, From the word stronger and more delicious than any, From such, as now they start, the scene revisiting, As a flock, twittering, rising, or overhead passing, Borne hither—ere all eludes me, hurriedly, A man—yet by these tears a little boy again, Throwing myself on the sand, confronting the waves, I, chanter of pains and joys, uniter of here and hereafter, Taking all hints to use them—but swiftly leaping  
 beyond them, A reminiscence sing.   [ begin page 200 ]ppp.00473.200.jpg

2

²Once, Paumanok, When the snows had melted, and the Fifth-month  
 grass was growing, Up this sea-shore, in some briers, Two guests from Alabama—two together, And their nest, and four light-green eggs, spotted with  
 brown, And every day the he-bird, to and fro, near at hand, And every day the she-bird, crouch'd on her nest, 
 silent, with bright eyes, And every day I, a curious boy, never too close, never  
 disturbing them, Cautiously peering, absorbing, translating.

3

³ Shine! shine! shine! Pour down your warmth, great Sun! While we bask—we two together. ⁴ Two together! Winds blow South, or winds blow North, Day come white, or night come black, Home, or rivers and mountains from home, Singing all time, minding no time, If we two but keep together.

4

⁵Till of a sudden, May-be kill'd, unknown to her mate, One forenoon the she-bird crouch'd not on the nest, Nor return'd that afternoon, nor the next, Nor ever appear'd again. ⁶And thenceforward, all summer, in the sound of the  
 sea, And at night, under the full of the moon, in calmer  
 weather,   [ begin page 201 ]ppp.00473.201.jpg Over the hoarse surging of the sea, Or flitting from brier to brier by day, I saw, I heard at intervals, the remaining one, the  
 he-bird, The solitary guest from Alabama.

5

⁷ Blow! blow! blow! Blow up, sea-winds, along Paumanok's shore! I wait and I wait, till you blow my mate to me.

6

⁸Yes, when the stars glisten'd, All night long, on the prong of a moss-scallop'd stake, Down, almost amid the slapping waves, Sat the lone singer, wonderful, causing tears. ⁹He call'd on his mate; He pour'd forth the meanings which I, of all men, 
 know. ¹⁰Yes, my brother, I know; The rest might not—but I have treasur'd every  
 note; For once, and more than once, dimly, down to the  
 beach gliding, Silent, avoiding the moonbeams, blending myself with  
 the shadows, Recalling now the obscure shapes, the echoes, the  
 sounds and sights after their sorts, The white arms out in the breakers tirelessly tossing, I, with bare feet, a child, the wind wafting my hair, Listen'd long and long. ¹¹Listen'd, to keep, to sing—now translating the  
 notes, Following you, my brother.   [ begin page 202 ]ppp.00473.202.jpg

7

¹² Soothe! soothe! soothe! Close on its wave soothes the wave behind, And again another behind, embracing and lapping,  
  every one close, But my love soothes not me, not me. ¹³ Low hangs the moon—it rose late; O it is lagging—O I think it is heavy with love,  
  with love. ¹⁴ O madly the sea pushes, pushes upon the land. With love—with love. ¹⁵ O night! do I not see my love fluttering out there  
  among the breakers? What is that little black thing I see there in the white? ¹⁶ Loud! loud! loud! Loud I call to you, my love! High and clear I shoot my voice over the waves; Surely you must know who is here, is here; You must know who I am, my love. ¹⁷ Low-hanging moon! What is that dusky spot in your brown yellow? O it is the shape, the shape of my mate! O moon, do not keep her from me any longer. ¹⁸ Land! land! O land! Whichever way I turn, O I think you could give me  
  my mate back again, if you only would; For I am almost sure I see her dimly whichever way  
  I look. ¹⁹ O rising stars! Perhaps the one I want so much will rise, will rise  
  with some of you.   [ begin page 203 ]ppp.00473.203.jpg ²⁰O throat! O trembling throat! Sound clearer through the atmosphere! Pierce the woods, the earth; Somewhere listening to catch you, must be the one I  
  want. ²¹ Shake out, carols! Solitary here—the night's carols! Carols of lonesome love! Death's carols! Carols under that lagging, yellow, waning moon! O, under that moon, where she droops almost down  
  into the sea! O reckless, despairing carols. ²² But soft! sink low; Soft! let me just murmur; And do you wait a moment, you husky-noised sea; For somewhere I believe I heard my mate responding  
  to me, So faint—I must be still, be still to listen; But not altogether still, for then she might not come  
  immediately tome. ²³ Hither, my love! Here I am! Here! With this just-sustain'd note I announce myself to  
  you; This gentle call is for you, my love, for you. ²⁴ Do not be decoy'd elsewhere! That is the whistle of the wind—it is not my voice; That is the fluttering, the fluttering of the spray; Those are the shadows of leaves. ²⁵ O darkness! O in vain! O I am very sick and sorrowful.   [ begin page 204 ]ppp.00473.204.jpg ²⁶ O brown halo in the sky, near the moon, drooping  
  upon the sea! O troubled reflection in the sea! O throat! O throbbing heart! O all—and I singing uselessly, uselessly all the night. ²⁷ Yet I murmur, murmur on! O murmurs—you yourselves make me continue to sing,  
  I know not why. ²⁸ O past! O life! O songs of joy! In the air—in the woods—over fields; Loved! loved! loved! loved! loved! But my love no more, no more with me! We two together no more.

8

²⁹The aria sinking; All else continuing—the stars shining, The winds blowing—the notes of the bird continuous  
 echoing, With angry moans the fierce old mother incessantly  
 moaning, On the sands of Paumanok's shore, gray and rustling; The yellow half-moon enlarged, sagging down, droop- 
 ing, the face of the sea almost touching; The boy extatic—with his bare feet the waves, with  
 his hair the atmosphere dallying, The love in the heart long pent, now loose, now at last  
 tumultuously bursting, The aria's meaning, the ears, the Soul, swiftly deposit- 
 ing, The strange tears down the cheeks coursing, The colloquy there—the trio—each uttering, The undertone—the savage old mother, incessantly  
 crying, To the boy's Soul's questions sullenly timing—some  
 drown'd secret hissing, To the outsetting bard of love.   [ begin page 205 ]ppp.00473.205.jpg

9

³⁰Demon or bird! (said the boy's soul,) Is it indeed toward your mate you sing? or is it  
 mostly to me? For I, that was a child, my tongue's use sleeping, Now I have heard you, Now in a moment I know what I am for—I awake, And already a thousand singers—a thousand songs, 
 clearer, louder and more sorrowful than yours, A thousand warbling echoes have started to life within  
 me, Never to die. ³¹O you singer, solitary, singing by yourself—project- 
 ing me; O solitary me, listening—never more shall I cease per- 
 petuating you; Never more shall I escape, never more the reverbera- 
 tions, Never more the cries of unsatisfied love be absent  
 from me, Never again leave me to be the peaceful child I was  
 before what there, in the night, By the sea, under the yellow and sagging moon, The messenger there aroused—the fire, the sweet hell  
 within, The unknown want, the destiny of me. ³²O give me the clew! (it lurks in the night here  
 somewhere;) O if I am to have so much, let me have more! O a word! O what is my destination? (I fear it is  
 henceforth chaos;) O how joys, dreads, convolutions, human shapes, and  
 all shapes, spring as from graves around me! O phantoms! you cover all the land and all the sea! O I cannot see in the dimness whether you smile or  
 frown upon me; H2   [ begin page 206 ]ppp.00473.206.jpg O vapor, a look, a word! O well-beloved! O you dear women's and men's phantoms! ³³A word then, (for I will conquer it,) The word final, superior to all, Subtle, sent up—what is it?—I listen; Are you whispering it, and have been all the time, you  
 sea-waves? Is that it from your liquid rims and wet sands?

10

³⁴Whereto answering, the sea, Delaying not, hurrying not, Whisper'd me through the night, and very plainly be- 
 fore daybreak, Lisp'd to me the low and delicious word DEATH; And again Death—ever Death, Death, Death, Hissing melodious, neither like the bird, nor like my  
 arous'd child's heart, But edging near, as privately for me, rustling at my  
 feet, Creeping thence steadily up to my ears, and laving me  
 softly all over, Death, Death, Death, Death, Death. ³⁵Which I do not forget, But fuse the song of my dusky demon and brother, That he sang to me in the moonlight on Paumanok's  
 gray beach, With the thousand responsive songs, at random, My own songs, awaked from that hour; And with them the key, the word up from the waves, The word of the sweetest song, and all songs, That strong and delicious word which, creeping to my  
 feet, The sea whisper'd me.   [ begin page 207 ]ppp.00473.207.jpg

A LEAF OF FACES.

1

¹ SAUNTERING the pavement, or riding the country by- 
 road—lo! such faces! Faces of friendship, precision, caution, suavity, 
 ideality; The spiritual prescient face—the always welcome, 
 common, benevolent face, The face of the singing of music—the grand faces of  
 natural lawyers and judges, broad at the back- 
 top; The faces of hunters and fishers, bulged at the brows—  
 the shaved blanch'd faces of orthodox citizens; The pure, extravagant, yearning, questioning artist's  
 face; The ugly face of some beautiful Soul, the handsome  
 detested or despised face; The sacred faces of infants, the illuminated face of the  
 mother of many children; The face of an amour, the face of veneration; The face as of a dream, the face of an immobile rock; The face withdrawn of its good and bad, a castrated  
 face; A wild hawk, his wings clipp'd by the clipper; A stallion that yielded at last to the thongs and knife  
 of the gelder. ²Sauntering the pavement, thus, or crossing the  
 ceaseless ferry, faces, and faces, and faces: I see them, and complain not, and am content with  
 all.   [ begin page 208 ]ppp.00473.208.jpg

2

³Do you suppose I could be content with all, if I  
 thought them their own finale? ⁴This now is too lamentable a face for a man; Some abject louse, asking leave to be—cringing for it; Some milk-nosed maggot, blessing what lets it wrig to  
 its hole. ⁵This face is a dog's snout, sniffing for garbage; Snakes nest in that mouth—I hear the sibilant threat. ⁶This face is a haze more chill than the arctic sea; Its sleepy and wobbling icebergs crunch as they go. ⁷This is a face of bitter herbs—this an emetic—they  
 need no label; And more of the drug-shelf, laudanum, caoutchouc, or  
 hog's-lard. ⁸This face is an epilepsy, its wordless tongue gives  
 out the unearthly cry, Its veins down the neck distend, its eyes roll till  
 they show nothing but their whites, Its teeth grit, the palms of the hands are cut by the  
 turn'd-in nails, The man falls struggling and foaming to the ground  
 while he speculates well. ⁹This face is bitten by vermin and worms, And this is some murderer's knife with a half-pull'd  
 scabbard. ¹⁰This face owes to the sexton his dismalest fee; An unceasing death-bell tolls there.   [ begin page 209 ]ppp.00473.209.jpg

3

¹¹Those then are really men—the bosses and tufts of  
 the great round globe! ¹²Features of my equals, would you trick me with  
 your creas'd and cadaverous march? Well, you cannot trick me. ¹³I see your rounded never-erased flow; I see neath the rims of your haggard and mean dis- 
 guises. ¹⁴Splay and twist as you like—poke with the tangling  
 fores of fishes or rats; You'll be unmuzzled, you certainly will. ¹⁵I saw the face of the most smear'd and slobbering  
 idiot they had at the asylum; And I knew for my consolation what they knew not; I knew of the agents that emptied and broke my  
 brother, The same wait to clear the rubbish from the fallen  
 tenement; And I shall look again in a score or two of ages, And I shall meet the real landlord, perfect and un- 
 harm, every inch as good as myself.

4

¹⁶The Lord advances, and yet advances; Always the shadow in front—always the reach'd hand  
 bringing up the laggards. ¹⁷Out of this face emerge banners and horses—O su- 
 perb! I see what is coming; I see the high pioneer-caps—I see the staves of run- 
 ners clearing the way, I hear victorious drums.   [ begin page 210 ]ppp.00473.210.jpg ¹⁸This face is a life-boat; This is the face commanding and bearded, it asks no  
 odds of the rest; This face is flavor'd fruit, ready for eating; This face of a healthy honest boy is the programme of  
 all good. ¹⁹These faces bear testimony slumbering or awake; They show their descent from the Master himself. ²⁰Off the word I have spoken I except not one—red, 
 white, black, are all deific; In each house is the ovum—it comes forth after a  
 thousand years. ²¹Spots or cracks at the windows do not disturb me; Tall and sufficient stand behind, and make signs to  
 me; I read the promise, and patiently wait. ²²This is a full-grown lily's face, She speaks to the limber-hipp'd man near the garden  
 pickets, Come here, she blushingly cries—Come nigh to me, lim- 
 ber-hipp'd man, Stand at my side till I lean as high as I can upon you, Fill me with albescent honey, bend down to me, Rub to me with your chafing beard, rub to my breast and  
  shoulders.

5

²³The old face of the mother of many children! Whist! I am fully content. ²⁴Lull'd and late is the smoke of the First-day  
 morning, It hangs low over the rows of trees by the fences, It hangs thin by the sassafras, the wild-cherry, and  
 the cat-brier under them.   [ begin page 211 ]ppp.00473.211.jpg ²⁵I saw the rich ladies in full dress at the soiree, I heard what the singers were singing so long, Heard who sprang in crimson youth from the white  
 froth and the water-blue. ²⁶Behold a woman! She looks out from her quaker cap—her face is clearer  
 and more beautiful than the sky. ²⁷She sits in an arm-chair, under the shaded porch of  
 the farm-house, The sun just shines on her old white head. ²⁸Her ample gown is of cream-hued linen, Her grandsons raised the flax, and her grand-daugh- 
 ters spun it with the distaff and the wheel. ²⁹The melodious character of the earth, The finish beyond which philosophy cannot go, and  
 does not wish to go, The justified mother of men.

STRONGER LESSONS.

HAVE you learned lessons only of those who admired  
 you, and were tender with you, and stood aside  
 for you? Have you not learned the great lessons of those who  
 rejected you, and braced themselves against  
 you? or who treated you with contempt, or  
 disputed the passage with you?   [ begin page 212 ]ppp.00473.212.jpg

EUROPE, 
  The 72d and 73d Years of These States.

¹SUDDENLY, out of its stale and drowsy lair, the lair  
 of slaves, Like lightning it le'pt forth, half startled at itself, Its feet upon the ashes and the rags—its hands tight  
 to the throats of kings. ²O hope and faith! O aching close of exiled patriots' lives! O many a sicken'd heart! Turn back unto this day, and make yourselves afresh. ³And you, paid to defile the People! you liars,  
 mark! Not for numberless agonies, murders, lusts, For court thieving in its manifold mean forms, worm- 
 ing from his simplicity the poor man's wages, For many a promise sworn by royal lips, and broken,  
 and laugh'd at in the breaking, Then in their power, not for all these did the blow.  
 strike revenge, or the heads of the nobles fall; The People scorn'd the ferocity of kings. ⁴But the sweetness of mercy brew'd bitter destruc- 
 tion, and the frighten'd rulers come back; Each comes in state with his train—hangman, priest,  
 tax-gatherer, Soldier, lawyer, lord, jailer, and sycophant. ⁵Yet behind all, lowering, stealing—lo, a Shape, Vague as the night, draped interminably, head, front  
 and form, in scarlet folds, Whose face and eyes none may see, Out of its robes only this—the red robes, lifted by the  
 arm,   [ begin page 213 ]ppp.00473.213.jpg One finger, crook'd, pointed high over the top, like  
 the head of a snake appears. ⁶Meanwhile, corpses lie in new-made graves—bloody  
 corpses of young men; The rope of the gibbet hangs heavily, the bullets of  
 princes are flying, the creatures of power laugh  
 aloud, And all these things bear fruits—and they are good. ⁷Those corpses of young men, Those martyrs that hang from the gibbets—those  
 hearts pierc'd by the gray lead, Cold and motionless as they seem, live elsewhere with  
 unslaughter'd vitality. ⁸They live in other youngmen, O kings! They live in brothers, again ready to defy you! They were purified by death—they were taught and  
 exalted. ⁹Not a grave of the murder'd for freedom, but grows  
 seed for freedom, in its turn to bear seed, Which the winds carry afar and re-sow, and the rains  
 and the snows nourish. ¹⁰Not a disembodied spirit can the weapons of tyrants  
 let loose, But it stalks invisibly over the earth, whispering,  
 counseling, cautioning. ¹¹Liberty! let others despair of you! I never despair  
 of you. ¹²Is the house shut? Is the master away? Nevertheless, be ready—be not weary of watching; He will soon return—his messengers come anon.   [ begin page 214 ]ppp.00473.214.jpg

THOUGHT.

OF Public Opinion; Of a calm and cool fiat, sooner or later, (How im- 
 passive! How certain and final!) Of the President with pale face asking secretly to  
 himself, What will the people say at last? Of the frivolous Judge—Of the corrupt Congressman,  
 Governor, Mayor—Of such as these, standing  
 helpless and exposed; Of the mumbling and screaming priest—(soon, soon  
 deserted;) Of the lessening, year by year, of venerableness, and  
 of the dicta of officers, statutes, pulpits, schools; Of the rising forever taller and stronger and broader,  
 of the intuitions of men and women, and of  
 self-esteem, and of personality; —Of the New World—Of the Democracies, resplendent,  
 en-masse; Of the conformity of politics, armies, navies, to them  
 and to me, Of the shining sun by them—Of the inherent light,  
 greater than the rest, Of the envelopment of all by them, and of the effusion  
 of all from them.

THE RUNNER.

ON a flat road runs the well-train'd runner; He is lean and sinewy, with muscular legs; He is thinly clothed—he leans forward as he runs, With lightly closed fists, and arms partially rais'd.   [ begin page 215 ]ppp.00473.215.jpg

TO THE SAYERS OF WORDS.

1

¹ EARTH, round, rolling, compact—suns, moons, ani- 
 mals—all these are words to be said; Watery, vegetable, sauroid advances—beings, premoni- 
 tions, lispings of the future, Behold! these are vast words to be said. ²Were you thinking that those were the words—  
 those upright lines? those curves, angles, dots? No, those are not the words—the substantial words  
 are in the ground and sea, They are in the air—they are in you. ³Were you thinking that those were the words—  
 those delicious sounds out of your friends'  
 mouths? No, the real words are more delicious than they. ⁴Human bodies are words, myriads of words; In the best poems re-appears the body, man's or wo- 
 man, well-shaped, natural, gay, Every part able, active, receptive, without shame or  
 the need of shame. ⁵Air, soil, water, fire—these are words; I myself am a word with them—my qualities inter- 
 penetrate with theirs—my name is nothing to  
 them; Though it were told in the three thousand languages, 
 what would air, soil, water, fire, know of my  
 name?   [ begin page 216 ]ppp.00473.216.jpg ⁶A healthy presence, a friendly or commanding ges- 
 ture, are words, sayings, meanings; The charms that go with the mere looks of some men  
 and women, are sayings and meanings also.

2

⁷The workmanship of souls is by the inaudible words  
 of the earth; The great masters know the earth's words, and use  
 them more than the audible words. ⁸Amelioration is one of the earth's words; The earth neither lags nor hastens; It has all attributes, growths, effects, latent in itself  
 from the jump; It is not half beautiful only—defects and excrescences  
 show just as much as perfections show. ⁹The earth does not withhold, it is generous enough; The truths of the earth continually wait, they are not  
 so conceal'd either; They are calm, subtle, untransmissible by print; They are imbued through all things, conveying them- 
 selves willingly, Conveying a sentiment and invitation of the earth—I  
 utter and utter, I speak not, yet if you hear me not, of what avail am  
 I to you? To bear—to better—lacking these, of what avail  
 am I? ¹⁰(Accouche! Accouchez! Will you rot your own fruit in yourself there? Will you squat and stifle there?) ¹¹The earth does not argue, Is not pathetic, has no arrangements, Does not scream, haste, persuade, threaten, promise,   [ begin page 217 ]ppp.00473.217.jpg Makes no discriminations, has no conceivable failures, Closes nothing, refuses nothing, shuts none out, Of all the powers, objects, states, it notifies, shuts  
 none out. ¹²The earth does not exhibit itself, nor refuse to ex- 
 hibit itself—possesses still underneath; Underneath the ostensible sounds, the august chorus  
 of heroes, the wail of slaves, Persuasions of lovers, curses, gasps of the dying, 
 laughter of young people, accents of bar- 
 gainers, Underneath these, possessing the words that never  
 fail. ¹³To her children, the words of the eloquent dumb  
 great mother never fail; The true words do not fail, for motion does not fail, 
 and reflection does not fail; Also the day and night do not fail, and the voyage we  
 pursue does not fail.

3

¹⁴Of the interminable sisters, Of the ceaseless cotillions of sisters, Of the centripetal and centrifugal sisters, the elder  
 and younger sisters, The beautiful sister we know dances on with the rest. ¹⁵With her ample back towards every beholder, With the fascinations of youth, and the equal fascina- 
 tions of age, Sits she whom I too love like the rest—sits undis- 
 turb, Holding up in her hand what has the character of a  
 mirror, while her eyes glance back from it, Glance as she sits, inviting none, denying none, Holding a mirror day and night tirelessly before her  
 own face.   [ begin page 218 ]ppp.00473.218.jpg ¹⁶Seen at hand, or seen at a distance, Duly the twenty-four appear in public every day, Duly approach and pass with their companions, or a  
 companion, Looking from no countenances of their own, but from  
 the countenances of those who are with them, From the countenances of children or women, or the  
 manly countenance, From the open countenances of animals, or from in- 
 animate things, From the landscape or waters, or from the exquisite  
 apparition of the sky, From our countenances, mine and yours, faithfully re- 
 turning them, Every day in public appearing without fail, but never  
 twice with the same companions. ¹⁷Embracing man, embracing all, proceed the three  
 hundred and sixty-five resistlessly round the  
 sun; Embracing all, soothing, supporting, follow close three  
 hundred and sixty-five offsets of the first, sure  
 and necessary as they. ¹⁸Tumbling on steadily, nothing dreading, Sunshine, storm, cold, heat, forever withstanding. 
 passing, carrying, The Soul's realization and determination still inherit- 
 ing; The fluid vacuum around and ahead still entering and  
 dividing, No balk retarding, no anchor anchoring, on no rock  
 striking, Swift, glad, content, unbereav'd, nothing losing, Of all able and ready at any time to give strict ac- 
 count, The divine ship sails the divine sea.   [ begin page 219 ]ppp.00473.219.jpg

4

¹⁹Whoever you are! motion and reflection are especi- 
 ally for you; The divine ship sails the divine sea for you. ²⁰Whoever you are! you are he or she for whom the  
 earth is solid and liquid, You are he or she for whom the sun and moon hang  
 in the sky, For none more than you are the present and the past, For none more than you is immortality. ²¹Each man to himself, and each woman to herself, 
 such is the word of the past and present, and  
 the word of immortality; No one can acquire for another—not one! Not one can grow for another—not one! ²²The song is to the singer, and comes back most to  
 him; The teaching is to the teacher, and comes back most  
 to him; The murder is to the murderer, and comes back most  
 to him; The theft is to the thief, and comes back most to him; The love is to the lover, and comes back most to him; The gift is to the giver, and comes back most to him  
 —it cannot fail; The oration is to the orator, the acting is to the actor  
 and actress, not to the audience; And no man understands any greatness or goodness  
 but his own, or the indication of his own.

5

²³I swear the earth shall surely be complete to him or  
 her who shall be complete! I swear the earth remains jagged and broken only to  
 him or her who remains broken and jagged!   [ begin page 220 ]ppp.00473.220.jpg ²⁴I swear there is no greatness or power that does  
 not emulate those of the earth! I swear there can be no theory of any account, unless  
 it corroborate the theory of the earth! No politics, art, religion, behavior, or what not, is of  
 account, unless it compare with the amplitude  
 of the earth, Unless it face the exactness; vitality, impartiality, rec- 
 titude of the earth. ²⁵I swear I begin to see love with sweeter spasms than  
 that which responds love! It is that which contains itself—which never invites, 
 and never refuses. ²⁶I swear I begin to see little or nothing in audible  
 words! I swear I think all merges toward the presentation of  
 the unspoken meanings of the earth! Toward him who sings the songs of the Body, and of  
 the truths of the earth; Toward him who makes the dictionaries of words that  
 print cannot touch. ²⁷I swear I see what is better than to tell the best; It is always to leave the best untold. ²⁸When I undertake to tell the best, I find I cannot, My tongue is ineffectual on its pivots, My breath will not be obedient to its organs, I become a dumb man. ²⁹The best of the earth cannot be told anyhow—all  
 or any is best; It is not what you anticipated—it is cheaper, easier  
 nearer; Things are not dismiss'd from the places they held  
 before;   [ begin page 221 ]ppp.00473.221.jpg The earth is just as positive and direct as it was be- 
 fore; Facts, religions, improvements, politics, trades, are as  
 real as before; But the Soul is also real,—it too is positive and  
 direct; No reasoning, no proof has establish'd it, Undeniable proof has establish'd it.

6

³⁰This is a poem for the sayers of words—these are  
 hints of meanings, These are they that echo the tones of Souls, and  
 the phrases of Souls; If they did not echo the phrases of Souls, what were  
 they then ? If they had not reference to you in especial, what were  
 they then? ³¹I swear I will never henceforth have to do with the  
 faith that tells the best! I will have to do only with that faith that leaves the  
 best untold.

7

³²Say on, sayers! Delve! mould! pile the words of the earth! Work on—it is materials you bring, not breaths; Work on, age after age! nothing is to be lost; It may have to wait long, but it will certainly come in  
 use; When the materials are all prepared, the architects  
 shall appear. ³³I swear to you the architects shall appear without  
 fail! I announce them and lead them; I swear to you they will understand you and justify  
 you; I   [ begin page 222 ]ppp.00473.222.jpg I swear to you the greatest among them shall be he  
 who best knows you, and encloses all, and is  
 faithful to all; I swear to you, he and the rest shall not forget you—  
 they shall perceive that you are not an iota less  
 than they; I swear to you, you shall be glorified in them.

LONGINGS FOR HOME.

O MAGNET-SOUTH! O glistening, perfumed South! My  
 South! O quick mettle, rich blood, impulse, and love! Good  
 and evil! O all dear to me! O dear to me my birth-things—All moving things,  
 and the trees where I was born—the grains,  
 plants, rivers; Dear to me my own slow sluggish rivers where they  
 flow, distant, over flats of silvery sands, or  
 through swamps; Dear to me the Roanoke, the Savannah, the Altama- 
 haw, the Pedee, the Tombigbee, the Santee, the  
 Coosa, and the Sabine; O pensive, far away wandering, I return with my Soul  
 to haunt their banks again; Again in Florida I float on transparent lakes—I float  
 on the Okeechobee—I cross the hummock land,  
 or through pleasant openings, or dense forests; I see the parrots in the woods—I see the papaw tree  
 and the blossoming titi; Again, sailing in my coaster, on deck, I coast off  
 Georgia—I coast up the Carolinas, I see where the live-oak is growing—I see where the  
 yellow-pine, the scented bay-tree, the lemon and  
 orange, the cypress, the graceful palmetto;   [ begin page 223 ]ppp.00473.223.jpg I pass rude sea-headlands and enter Pamlico Sound  
 through an inlet, and dart my vision inland; O the cotton plant! the growing fields of rice, sugar,  
 hemp! The cactus, guarded with thorns—the laurel-tree,  
 with large white flowers; The range afar—the richness and barrenness—the old  
 woods charged with mistletoe and trailing moss, The piney odor and the gloom—the awful natural  
 stillness, (Here in these dense swamps the free- 
 booter carries his gun, and the fugitive slave  
 has his conceal'd hut;) O the strange fascination of these half-known, half- 
 impassable swamps, infested by reptiles, re- 
 sounding with the bellow of the alligator, the  
 sad noises of the night-owl and the wild-cat,  
 and the whirr of the rattlesnake; The mocking-bird, the American mimic, singing all  
 the forenoon—singing through the moon-lit  
 night, The humming-bird, the wild-turkey, the raccoon, the  
 opossum; A Tennessee corn-field—the tall, graceful, long-leav'd  
 corn—slender, flapping, bright green, with  
 tassels—with beautiful ears, each well-sheath'd  
 in its husk; An Arkansas prairie—a sleeping lake, or still bayou; O my heart! O tender and fierce pangs—I can stand  
 them not—I will depart; O to be a Virginian, where I grew up! O to be a  
 Carolinian! O longings irrepressible! O I will go back to old Ten- 
 nessee, and never wander more!   [ begin page 224 ]ppp.00473.224.jpg

TO A PRESIDENT.

ALL you are doing and saying is to America dangled  
 mirages; You have not learn'd of Nature—of the politics of  
 Nature, you have not learn'd the great ampli- 
 tude, rectitude, impartiality; You have not seen that only such as they are for These  
 States, And that what is less than they, must sooner or later  
 lift off from These States.

WALT WHITMAN'S CAUTION.

TO The States, or any one of them, or any city of The  
 States, Resist much, obey little; Once unquestioning obedience, once fully enslaved; Once fully enslaved, no nation, state, city, of this earth,  
 ever afterward resumes its liberty.

TO OTHER LANDS.

I HEAR you have been asking for something to repre- 
 sent the new race, our self-poised Democracy, Therefore I send you my poems, that you behold in  
 them what you wanted.   [ begin page 225 ]ppp.00473.225.jpg

SONG OF THE OPEN ROAD.

1

¹ AFOOT and light-hearted, I take to the open road, Healthy, free, the world before me, The long brown path before me, leading wherever I  
 choose. ²Henceforth I ask not good-fortune—I myself am  
 good-fortune; Henceforth I whimper no more, postpone no more, 
 need nothing, Strong and content, I travel the open road. ³The earth—that is sufficient; I do not want the constellations any nearer; I know they are very well where they are; I know they suffice for those who belong to them. ⁴Still here I carry my old delicious burdens; I carry them, men and women—I carry them with me  
 wherever I go; I swear it is impossible for me to get rid of them; I am fill'd with them, and I will fill them in return.

2

⁵You road I enter upon and look around! I believe  
 you are not all that is here; I believe that much unseen is also here.   [ begin page 226 ]ppp.00473.226.jpg ⁶Here is the profound lesson of reception, neither  
 preference or denial; The black with his woolly head, the felon, the dis- 
 eas, the illiterate person, are not denied; The birth, the hasting after the physician, the beggar's  
 tramp, the drunkard's stagger, the laughing  
 party of mechanics, The escaped youth, the rich person's carriage, the fop, 
 the eloping couple, The early market-man, the hearse, the moving of  
 furniture into the town, the return back from  
 the town, They pass, I also pass, anything passes—none can be  
 interdicted, None but are accepted, none but are dear to me.

3

⁷You air that serves me with breath to speak! You objects that call from diffusion my meanings and  
 give them shape! You light that wraps me and all things in delicate  
 equable showers! You animals moving serenely over the earth! You birds that wing yourselves through the air! you  
 insects! You sprouting growths from the farmers' fields! you  
 stalks and weeds by the fences! You paths worn in the irregular hollows by the road- 
 sides! I think you are latent with unseen existences—you  
 are so dear to me. ⁸You flagg'd walks of the cities! you strong curbs at  
 the edges! You ferries! you planks and posts of wharves! you  
 timber-lined sides! you distant ships! You rows of houses! you window-pierc'd façades! you  
 roofs!   [ begin page 227 ]ppp.00473.227.jpg You porches and entrances! you copings and iron  
 guards! You windows whose transparent shells might expose so  
 much! You doors and ascending steps! you arches! You gray stones of interminable pavements! you trod- 
 den crossings! From all that has been near you, I believe you have im- 
 parted to yourselves, and now would impart the  
 same secretly to me; From the living and the dead I think you have peopled  
 your impassive surfaces, and the spirits thereof  
 would be evident and amicable with me.

4

⁹The earth expanding right hand and left hand, The picture alive, every part in its best light, The music falling in where it is wanted, and stopping  
 where it is not wanted, The cheerful voice of the public road—the gay fresh  
 sentiment of the road. ¹⁰O highway I travel! O public road! do you say to  
 me, Do not leave me? Do you say, Venture not? If you leave me, you are  
 lost? Do you say, I am already prepared—I am well-beaten  
 and undenied—adhere to me? ¹¹O public road! I say back, I am not afraid to leave  
 you—yet I love you; You express me better than I can express myself; You shall be more to me than my poem. ¹²I think heroic deeds were all conceiv'd in the open  
 air; I think I could stop here myself, and do miracles;   [ begin page 228 ]ppp.00473.228.jpg I think whatever I shall meet on the road I shall like, 
 and whoever beholds me shall like me; I think whoever I see must be happy.

5

¹³From this hour, freedom! From this hour I ordain myself loosed of limits and  
 imaginary lines, Going where I list—my own master, total and abso- 
 lute, Listening to others, and considering well what they  
 say, Pausing, searching, receiving, contemplating, Gently, but with undeniable will, divesting myself of  
 the holds that would hold me. ¹⁴I inhale great draughts of air; The east and the west are mine, and the north and the  
 south are mine. ¹⁵I am larger than I thought; I did not know I held so much goodness. ¹⁶All seems beautiful to me; I can repeat over to men and women, You have done  
 such good to me, I would do the same to you. ¹⁷I will recruit for myself and you as I go; I will scatter myself among men and women as I go; I will toss the new gladness and roughness among  
 them; Whoever denies me, it shall not trouble me; Whoever accepts me, he or she shall be blessed, and  
 shall bless me.

6

¹⁸Now if a thousand perfect men were to appear, it  
 would not amaze me; Now if a thousand beautiful forms of women appear'd, 
 it would not astonish me.   [ begin page 229 ]ppp.00473.229.jpg ¹⁹Now I see the secret of the making of the best per- 
 sons, It is to grow in the open air, and to eat and sleep with  
 the earth. ²⁰Here is space—here a great personal deed has room; A great deed seizes upon the hearts of the whole race  
 of men, Its effusion of strength and will overwhelms law, and  
 mocks all authority and all argument against it. ²¹Here is the test of wisdom; Wisdom is not finally tested in schools; Wisdom cannot be pass'd from one having it, to an- 
 other not having it; Wisdom is of the Soul, is not susceptible of proof, is  
 its own proof, Applies to all stages and objects and qualities, and is  
 content, Is the certainty of the reality and immortality of  
 things, and the excellence of things; Something there is in the float of the sight of things  
 that provokes it out of the Soul. ²²Now I reëxamine philosophies and religions, They may prove well in lecture-rooms, yet not prove at  
 all under the spacious clouds, and along the land- 
 scape and flowing currents. ²³Here is realization; Here is a man tallied—he realizes here what he has in  
 him; The animals, the past, the future, light, space, majesty, 
 love, if they are vacant of you, you are vacant  
 of them. ²⁴Only the kernel of every object nourishes; Where is he who tears off the husks for you and me? Where is he that undoes stratagems and envelopes for  
 you and me? I2   [ begin page 230 ]ppp.00473.230.jpg ²⁵Here is adhesiveness—it is not previously fashion'd  
 —it is apropos; Do you know what it is, as you pass, to be loved by  
 strangers? Do you know the talk of those turning eye-balls?

7

²⁶Here is the efflux of the Soul; The efflux of the Soul comes from within, through em- 
 bower gates, ever provoking questions: These yearnings, why are they? These thoughts in the  
 darkness, why are they? Why are there men and women that while they are  
 nigh me, the sun-light expands my blood? Why, when they leave me, do my pennants of joy sink  
 flat and lank? Why are there trees I never walk under, but large and  
 melodious thoughts descend upon me? (I think they hang there winter and summer on those  
 trees, and always drop fruit as I pass;) What is it I interchange so suddenly with strangers? What with some driver, as I ride on the seat by his  
 side? What with some fisherman, drawing his seine by the  
 shore, as I walk by, and pause? What gives me to be free to a woman's or man's good- 
 will? What gives them to be free to mine?

8

²⁷The efflux of the Soul is happiness—here is happi- 
 ness; I think it pervades the air, waiting at all times; Now it flows into us—we are rightly charged. ²⁸Here rises the fluid and attaching character; The fluid and attaching character is the freshness and  
 sweetness of man and woman;   [ begin page 231 ]ppp.00473.231.jpg (The herbs of the morning sprout no fresher and  
 sweeter every day out of the roots of them- 
 selves, than it sprouts fresh and sweet contin- 
 ually out of itself.) ²⁹Toward the fluid and attaching character exudes  
 the sweat of the love of young and old; From it falls distill'd the charm that mocks beauty  
 and attainments; Toward it heaves the shuddering longing ache of  
 contact.

9

³⁰Allons! whoever you are, come travel with me! Traveling with me, you find what never tires. ³¹The earth never tires; The earth is rude, silent, incomprehensible at first—  
 Nature is rude and incomprehensible at first; Be not discouraged—keep on—there are divine things, 
 well envelop'd; I swear to you there are divine things more beautiful  
 than words can tell. ³²Allons! We must not stop here! However sweet these laid-up stores—however con- 
 venient this dwelling, we cannot remain here; However shelter'd this port, and however calm these  
 waters, we must not anchor here; However welcome the hospitality that surrounds us, 
 we are permitted to receive it but a little while.

10

³³Allons! The inducements shall be great to you; We will sail pathless and wild seas; We will go where winds blow, waves dash, and the  
 Yankee clipper speeds by under full sail.   [ begin page 232 ]ppp.00473.232.jpg ³⁴Allons! With power, liberty, the earth, the ele- 
 ments! Health, defiance, gayety, self-esteem, curiosity; Allons! from all formules! From your formules, O bat-eyed and materialistic  
 priests! ³⁵The stale cadaver blocks up the passage—the burial  
 waits no longer. ³⁶Allons! Yet take warning! He traveling with me needs the best blood, thews, 
 endurance; None may come to the trial, till he or she bring  
 courage and health. ³⁷Come not here if you have already spent the best  
 of yourself; Only those may come, who come in sweet and de- 
 termin bodies; No diseas'd person—no rum-drinker or venereal  
 taint is permitted here. ³⁸I and mine do not convince by arguments, similes, 
 rhymes; We convince by our presence.

11

³⁹Listen! I will be honest with you; I do not offer the old smooth prizes, but offer rough  
 new prizes; These are the days that must happen to you: ⁴⁰You shall not heap up what is call'd riches, You shall scatter with lavish hand all that you earn  
 or achieve,   [ begin page 233 ]ppp.00473.233.jpg You but arrive at the city to which you were des- 
 tined—you hardly settle yourself to satisfaction, 
 before you are call'd by an irresistible call to  
 depart, You shall be treated to the ironical smiles and mock- 
 ings of those who remain behind you; What beckonings of love you receive, you shall only  
 answer with passionate kisses of parting, You shall not allow the hold of those who spread  
 their reach'd hands toward you.

12

⁴¹Allons! After the GREAT COMPANIONS! and to belong  
 to them! They too are on the road! they are the swift and  
 majestic men! they are the greatest women. ⁴²Over that which hinder'd them—over that which  
 retarded—passing impediments large or small, Committers of crimes, committers of many beautiful  
 virtues, Enjoyers of calms of seas, and storms of seas, Sailors of many a ship, walkers of many a mile of  
 land, Habitués of many different countries, habitués of far- 
 distant dwellings, Trusters of men and women, observers of cities, soli- 
 tary toilers, Pausers and contemplators of tufts, blossoms, shells  
 of the shore, Dancers at wedding-dances, kissers of brides, tender  
 helpers of children, bearers of children, Soldiers of revolts, standers by gaping graves, lower- 
 ers down of coffins, Jouneyers over consecutive seasons, over the years—  
 the curious years, each emerging from that  
 which preceded it,   [ begin page 234 ]ppp.00473.234.jpg Journeyers as with companions, namely, their own  
 diverse phases, Forth-steppers from the latent unrealized baby-days, Journeyers gayly with their own youth—Journeyers  
 with their bearded and well-grain'd manhood, Journeyers with their womanhood, ample, unsur- 
 pass, content, Journeyers with their own sublime old age of man- 
 hood or womanhood, Old age, calm, expanded, broad with the haughty  
 breadth of the universe, Old age, flowing free with the delicious near-by free- 
 dom of death.

13

⁴³Allons! To that which is endless, as it was begin- 
 ningless, To undergo much, tramps of days, rests of nights, To merge all in the travel they tend to, and the days  
 and nights they tend to, Again to merge them in the start of superior jour- 
 neys; To see nothing anywhere but what you may reach it  
 and pass it, To conceive no time, however distant, but what you  
 may reach it and pass it, To look up or down no road but it stretches and  
 waits for you—however long, but it stretches  
 and waits for you; To see no being, not God's or any, but you also go  
 thither, To see no possession but you may possess it—enjoy- 
 ing all without labor or purchase—abstracting  
 the feast, yet not abstracting one particle of it; To take the best of the farmer's farm and the rich  
 man's elegant villa, and the chaste blessings of  
 the well-married couple, and the fruits of or- 
 chards and flowers of gardens,   [ begin page 235 ]ppp.00473.235.jpg To take to your use out of the compact cities as you  
 pass through, To carry buildings and streets with you afterward  
 wherever you go, To gather the minds of men out of their brains as  
 you encounter them—to gather the love out of  
 their hearts, To take your lovers on the road with you, for all that  
 you leave them behind you, To know the universe itself as a road—as many roads  
 —as roads for traveling souls.

14

⁴⁴The soul travels; The body does not travel as much as the soul; The body has just as great a work as the soul, and  
 parts away at last for the journeys of the soul. ⁴⁵All parts away for the progress of souls; All religion, all solid things, arts, governments,—all  
 that was or is apparent upon this globe or any  
 globe, falls into niches and corners before the  
 procession of Souls along the grand roads of  
 the universe. ⁴⁶Of the progress of the souls of men and women  
 along the grand roads of the universe, all  
 other progress is the needed emblem and sus- 
 tenance. ⁴⁷Forever alive, forever forward, Stately, solemn, sad, withdrawn, baffled, mad, turbu- 
 lent, feeble, dissatisfied, Desperate, proud, fond, sick, accepted by men, re- 
 jected by men, They go! they go! I know that they go, but I know  
 not where they go; But I know that they go toward the best—toward  
 something great.   [ begin page 236 ]ppp.00473.236.jpg

15

⁴⁸Allons! Whoever you are! come forth! You must not stay sleeping and dallying there in the  
 house, though you built it, or though it has  
 been built for you. ⁴⁹Allons! out of the dark confinement! It is useless to protest—I know all, and expose it. ⁵⁰Behold, through you as bad as the rest, Through the laughter, dancing, dining, supping, of  
 people, Inside of dresses and ornaments, inside of those  
 wash'd and trimm'd faces, Behold a secret silent loathing and despair. ⁵¹No husband, no wife, no friend, trusted to hear the  
 confession; Another self, a duplicate of every one, skulking and  
 hiding it goes, Formless and wordless through the streets of the  
 cities, polite and bland in the parlors, In the cars of rail-roads, in steamboats, in the public  
 assembly, Home to the houses of men and women, at the table, 
 in the bed-room everywhere, Smartly attired, countenance smiling, form upright, 
 death under the breast-bones, hell under the  
 skull-bones, Under the broadcloth and gloves, under the ribbons  
 and artificial flowers, Keeping fair with the customs, speaking not a syllable  
 of itself, Speaking of anything else, but never of itself.

16

⁵²Allons! Through struggles and wars! The goal that was named cannot be countermanded.   [ begin page 237 ]ppp.00473.237.jpg ⁵³Have the past struggles succeeded? What has succeeded? Yourself? Your nation? Na- 
 ture? Now understand me well—It is provided in the es- 
 sence of things, that from any fruition of suc- 
 cess, no matter what, shall come forth some- 
 thing to make a greater struggle necessary. ⁵⁴My call is the call of battle—I nourish active re- 
 bellion? He going with me must go well armed; He going with me goes often with spare diet, poverty, 
 angry enemies, desertions.

17

⁵⁵Allons! The road is before us! It is safe—I have tried it—my own feet have tried it  
 well. ⁵⁶Allons! Be not detain'd! Let the paper remain on the desk unwritten, and the  
 book on the shelf unopen'd! Let the tools remain in the workshop! let the money  
 remain unearn'd! Let the school stand! mind not the cry of the teacher! Let the preacher preach in the pulpit! let the lawyer  
 plead in the court, and the judge expound the  
 law. ⁵⁷Mon enfant! I give you my hand! I give you my love, more precious than money, I give you myself, before preaching or law; Will you give me yourself? Will you come travel with  
 me? Shall we stick by each other as long as we live?   [ begin page 238 ]ppp.00473.238.jpg

TO THE STATES,  
  To Identify the 16th, 17th, or 18th Presidentiad.

WHY reclining, interrogating? Why myself and all  
 drowsing? What deepening twilight! Scum floating atop of the  
 waters! Who are they, as bats and night-dogs, askant in the  
 Capitol? What a filthy Presidentiad! (O south, your torrid suns!  
 O north, your arctic freezings!) Judges? Is that the President? Then I will sleep a while yet—for I see that These  
 States sleep, for reasons; (With gathering murk—with muttering thunder and  
 lambent shoots, we all duly awake, South, north, east, west, inland and seaboard, we will  
 surely awake.)

TO A CERTAIN CANTATRICE.

HERE, take this gift! I was reserving it for some hero, orator, or general, One who should serve the good old cause, the great  
 Idea, the progress and freedom of the race; But I see that what I was reserving belongs to you  
 just as much as to any.   [ begin page 239 ]ppp.00473.239.jpg

TO WORKINGMEN.

1

¹COME closer to me; Push close, my lovers, and take the best I possess; Yield closer and closer, and give me the best you  
 possess. ²This is unfinish'd business with me—How is it with  
 you? (I was chill'd with the cold types, cylinder, wet paper  
 between us.) ³Male and Female! I pass so poorly with paper and types, I must pass  
 with the contact of bodies and souls. ⁴American masses! I do not thank you for liking me as I am, and liking  
 the touch of me—I know that it is good for you  
 to do so.

2

⁵This is the poem of occupations; In the labor of engines and trades, and the labor of  
 fields, I find the developments, And find the eternal meanings. ⁶Workmen and Workwomen! Were all educations, practical and ornamental, well  
 display'd out of me, what would it amount to?   [ begin page 240 ]ppp.00473.240.jpg Were I as the head teacher, charitable proprietor, 
 wise statesman, what would it amount to? Were I to you as the boss employing and paying you, 
 would that satisfy you? ⁷The learn'd, virtuous, benevolent, and the usual  
 terms; A man like me, and never the usual terms. ⁸Neither a servant nor a master am I; I take no sooner a large price than a small price—I  
 will have my own, whoever enjoys me; I will be even with you, and you shall be even with  
 me. ⁹If you stand at work in a shop, I stand as nigh as  
 the nighest in the same shop; If you bestow gifts on your brother or dearest friend, 
 I demand as good as your brother or dearest  
 friend; If your lover, husband, wife, is welcome by day or  
 night, I must be personally as welcome; If you become degraded, criminal, ill, then I become  
 so for your sake; If you remember your foolish and outlaw'd deeds, do  
 you think I cannot remember my own foolish  
 and outlaw'd deeds? If you carouse at the table, I carouse at the opposite  
 side of the table; If you meet some stranger in the streets, and love  
 him or her—why I often meet strangers in the  
 street, and love them. ¹⁰Why, what have you thought of yourself? Is it you then that thought yourself less? Is it you that thought the President greater than  
 you? Or the rich better off than you? or the educated  
 wiser than you?   [ begin page 241 ]ppp.00473.241.jpg ¹¹Because you are greasy or pimpled, or that you was  
 once drunk, or a thief, Or diseas'd, or rheumatic, or a prostitute, or are so  
 now; Or from frivolity or impotence, or that you are no  
 scholar, and never saw your name in print, Do you give in that you are any less immortal?

3

¹²Souls of men and women! it is not you I call un- 
 seen, unheard, untouchable and untouching; It is not you I go argue pro and con about, and to  
 settle whether you are alive or no; I own publicly who you are, if nobody else owns. ¹³Grown, half-grown, and babe, of this country and  
 every country, indoors and outdoors, one just  
 as much as the other, I see, And all else behind or through them. ¹⁴The wife—and she is not one jot less than the  
 husband; The daughter—and she is just as good as the son; The mother—and she is every bit as much as the  
 father. ¹⁵Offspring of ignorant and poor, boys apprenticed to  
 trades, Young fellows working on farms, and old fellows  
 working on farms, Sailor-men, merchant-men, coasters, immigrants, All these I see—but nigher and farther the same I  
 see; None shall escape me, and none shall wish to escape  
 me. ¹⁶I bring what you much need, yet always have, Not money, amours, dress, eating, but as good; I send no agent or medium, offer no representative of  
 value, but offer the value itself.   [ begin page 242 ]ppp.00473.242.jpg ¹⁷There is something that comes home to one now  
 and perpetually; It is not what is printed, preach'd, discuss'd—it eludes  
 discussion and print; It is not to be put in a book—it is not in this book; It is for you, whoever you are—it is no farther from  
 you than your hearing and sight are from you; It is hinted by nearest, commonest; readiest—it is  
 ever provoked by them. ¹⁸You may read in many languages, yet read nothing  
 about it; You may read the President's Message, and read  
 nothing about it there; Nothing in the reports from the State department or  
 Treasury department, or in the daily papers or  
 the weekly papers, Or in the census or revenue returns, prices current, 
 or any accounts of stock.

4

¹⁹The sun and stars that float in the open air; The apple-shaped earth, and we upon it—surely the  
 drift of them is something grand! I do not know what it is, except that it is grand, and  
 that it is happiness, And that the enclosing purport of us here is not a  
 speculation, or bon-mot, or reconnoissance, And that it is not something which by luck may turn  
 out well for us, and without luck must be a  
 failure for us, And not something which may yet be retracted in a  
 certain contingency. ²⁰The light and shade, the curious sense of body and  
 identity, the greed that with perfect complais- 
 ance devours all things, the endless pride and  
 out-stretching of man, unspeakable joys and  
 sorrows,   [ begin page 243 ]ppp.00473.243.jpg The wonder every one sees in every one else he sees, 
 and the wonders that fill each minute of time  
 forever, What have you reckon'd them for, camerado? Have you reckon'd them for a trade, or farm-work? 
 or for the profits of a store? Or to achieve yourself a position? or to fill a gentle- 
 man leisure, or a lady's leisure? ²¹Have you reckon'd the landscape took substance and  
 form that it might be painted in a picture? Or men and women that they might be written of, 
 and songs sung? Or the attraction of gravity, and the great laws and  
 harmonious combinations, and the fluids of the  
 air, as subjects for the savans? Or the brown land and the blue sea for maps and  
 charts? Or the stars to be put in constellations and named  
 fancy names? Or that the growth of seeds is for agricultural tables, 
 or agriculture itself? ²²Old institutions—these arts, libraries, legends, col- 
 lections, and the practice handed along in man- 
 ufactures—will we rate them so high? Will we rate our cash and business high ?—I have no  
 objection; I rate them as high as the highest—then a child born  
 of a woman and man I rate beyond all rate. ²³We thought our Union grand, and our Constitution  
 grand; I do not say they are not grand and good, for they  
 are; I am this day just as much in love with them as you; Then I am in love with you, and with all my fellows  
 upon the earth.   [ begin page 244 ]ppp.00473.244.jpg ²⁴We consider bibles and religions divine—I do not  
 say they are not divine; I say they have all grown out of you, and may grow  
 out of you still; It is not they who give the life—it is you who give  
 the life; Leaves are not more shed from the trees, or trees  
 from the earth, than they are shed out of you.

5

²⁵When the psalm sings instead of the singer; When the script preaches, instead of the preacher; When the pulpit descends and goes, instead of the  
 carver that carved the supporting desk; When I can touch the body of books, by night or by  
 day, and when they touch my body back again; When a university course convinces, like a slumber- 
 ing woman and child convince; When the minted gold in the vault smiles like the  
 night-watchman's daughter; When warrantee deeds loafe in chairs opposite, and  
 are my friendly companions; I intend to reach them my hand, and make as much  
 of them as I do of men and women like you. ²⁶The sum of all known reverence I add up in you, 
 whoever you are; The President is there in the White House for you—  
 it is not you who are here for him; The Secretaries act in their bureaus for you—not you  
 here for them; The Congress convenes every Twelfth-month for you; Laws, courts, the forming of States, the charters of  
 cities, the going and coming of commerce and  
 mails, are all for you. ²⁷List close, my scholars dear! All doctrines, all politics and civilization, exurge from  
 you;   [ begin page 245 ]ppp.00473.245.jpg All sculpture and monuments, and anything inscribed  
 anywhere, are tallied in you; The gist of histories and statistics as far back as the  
 records reach, is in you this hour, and myths  
 and tales the same; If you were not breathing and walking here, where  
 would they all be? The most renown'd poems would be ashes, orations  
 and plays would be vacuums. ²⁸All architecture is what you do to it when you look  
 upon it; (Did you think it was in the white or gray stone? or  
 the lines of the arches and cornices?) ²⁹All music is what awakes from you, when you are  
 reminded by the instruments; It is not the violins and the cornets—it is not the oboe  
 nor the beating drums, nor the score of the  
 baritone singer singing his sweet romanza—nor  
 that of the men's chorus, nor that of the wo- 
 men chorus, It is nearer and farther than they.

6

³⁰Will the whole come back then? Can each see signs of the best by a look in the look- 
 ing-glass? is there nothing greater or more? Does all sit there with you, with the mystic, unseen  
 Soul? ³¹Strange and hard that paradox true I give; Objects gross and the unseen Soul are one. ³²House-building, measuring, sawing the boards; Blacksmithing, glass-blowing, nail-making, coopering, 
 tin-rooting, shingle-dressing, J   [ begin page 246 ]ppp.00473.246.jpg Ship-joining, dock-building, fish-curing, ferrying, flag- 
 ging of side-walks by flaggers, The pump, the pile-driver, the great derrick, the coal- 
 kiln and brick-kiln, Coal-mines, and all that is down there,—the lamps in  
 the darkness, echoes, songs, what meditations, 
 what vast native thoughts looking through  
 smutch'd faces, Iron-works, forge-fires in the mountains, or by the  
 river-banks—men around feeling the melt with  
 huge crowbars—lumps of ore, the due com- 
 bining of ore, limestone, coal—the blast-fur- 
 nace and the puddling-furnace, the loup-lump  
 at the bottom of the melt at last—the rolling- 
 mill, the stumpy bars of pig-iron, the strong, 
 clean-shaped T-rail for railroads; Oil-works, silk-works, white-lead-works, the sugar- 
 house, steam-saws, the great mills and factories; Stone-cutting, shapely trimmings, for façades, or win- 
 dow or door-lintels—the mallet, the tooth- 
 chisel, the jib to protect the thumb, Oakum, the oakum-chisel, the caulking-iron—the  
 kettle of boiling vault-cement, and the fire un- 
 der the kettle, The cotton-bale, the stevedore's hook, the saw and  
 buck of the sawyer, the mould of the moulder, 
 the working-knife of the butcher, the ice-saw, 
 and all the work with ice, The implemements​ for daguerreotyping—the tools of  
 the rigger, grappler, sail-maker, block-maker, Goods of gutta-percha, papier-mache, colors, brushes, 
 brush-making, glazier's implements, The veneer and glue-pot, the confectioner's ornaments, 
 the decanter and glasses, the shears and flat-iron, The awl and knee-strap, the pint measure and quart  
 measure, the counter and stool, the writing- 
 pen of quill or metal—the making of all sorts  
 of edged tools,   [ begin page 247 ]ppp.00473.247.jpg The brewery, brewing, the malt, the vats, every thing  
 that is done by brewers, also by wine-makers, 
 also vinegar-makers, Leather-dressing, coach-making, boiler-making, rope- 
 twisting, distilling, sign-painting, lime-burning, 
 cotton-picking—electro-plating, electrotyping, 
 stereotyping, Stave-machines, planing-machines, reaping-machines, 
 ploughing-machines, thrashing-machines, steam  
 wagons, The cart of the carman, the omnibus, the ponderous  
 dray; Pyrotechny, letting off color'd fire-works at night, 
 fancy figures and jets, Beef on the butcher's stall, the slaughter-house of  
 the butcher, the butcher in his killing-clothes, The pens of live pork, the killing-hammer, the hog- 
 hook, the scalder's tub, gutting, the cutter's  
 cleaver, the packer's maul, and the plenteous  
 winter-work of pork-packing, Flour-works, grinding of wheat, rye, maize, rice—the  
 barrels and the half and quarter barrels, the  
 loaded barges, the high piles on wharves and  
 levees, The men, and the work of the men, on railroads, 
 coasters, fish-boats, canals; The daily routine of your own or any man's life—the  
 shop, yard, store, or factory; These shows all near you by day and night—work- 
 men! whoever you are, your daily life! In that and them the heft of the heaviest—in them  
 far more than you estimated, and far less also; In them realities for you and me—in them poems for  
 you and me; In them, not yourself—you and your Soul enclose all  
 things, regardless of estimation; In them the development good—in them, all themes  
 and hints.   [ begin page 248 ]ppp.00473.248.jpg ³³I do not affirm what you see beyond is futile—I do  
 not advise you to stop; I do not say leadings you thought great are not great; But I say that none lead to greater, than those lead to.

7

³⁴Will you seek afar off? You surely come back at last, In things best known to you, finding the best, or as  
 good as the best, In folks nearest to you finding the sweetest, strongest, 
 lovingest; Happiness, knowledge, not in another place, but this  
 place—not for another hour, but this hour; Man in the first you see or touch—always in friend, 
 brother, nighest neighbor—Woman in mother, 
 lover, wife; The popular tastes and employments taking precedence  
 in poems or any where, You workwomen and workmen of these States having  
 your own divine and strong life, And all else giving place to men and women like you.

DEBRIS.

HE is wisest who has the most caution; He only wins who goes far enough. ANY thing is as good as established, when that is estab- 
 lished that will produce it and continue it.   [ begin page 249 ]ppp.00473.249.jpg

LEAVES OF GRASS.

1.

O HASTENING light! O free and extatic! O what I here, preparing, warble  
 for! O the sun of the world will ascend, dazzling, and take  
 his height—and you too will ascend! O so amazing and broad—up there resplendent, dart- 
 ing and burning! O vision prophetic, stagger'd with weight of light!  
 with pouring glories! O lips of my soul, already becoming powerless! O ample and grand Presidentiads! New history! new heroes! I project you! Visions of poets! only you really last! O sweep on!  
 sweep on! O heights too swift and dizzy yet! O purged and luminous! you threaten me more than  
 I can stand! (I must not venture—the ground under my feet men- 
 aces me—it will not support me;) O present! I return to you while yet I may!

2.

TEARS! tears! tears! In the night, in solitude, tears; On the white shore dripping, dripping, suck'd in by  
 the sand; Tears—not a star shining—all dark and desolate; Moist tears from the eyes of a muffled head: —O who is that ghost?—that form in the dark, with  
 tears?   [ begin page 250 ]ppp.00473.250.jpg What shapeless lump is that, bent, crouch'd there on  
 the sand? Streaming tears—sobbing tears—throes, choked with  
 wild cries; O storm, embodied, rising, careering, with swift steps  
 along the beach; O wild and dismal night storm, with wind! O belch- 
 ing and desperate! O shade, so sedate and decorous by day, with calm  
 countenance and regulated pace; But away, at night, as you fly, none looking—O then  
 the unloosen'd ocean, Of tears! tears! tears!

3.

¹ ABOARD, at the ship's helm, A young steersman, steering with care. ²A bell through fog on a sea-coast dolefully ringing, An ocean-bell—O a warning bell, rock'd by the waves. ³O you give good notice indeed, you bell by the sea- 
 reefs ringing, Ringing, ringing, to warn the ship from its wreck- 
 place. ⁴For, as on the alert, O steersman, you mind the  
 bell's admonition, The bows turn,—the freighted ship, tacking, speeds  
 away under her gray sails, The beautiful and noble ship, with all her precious  
 wealth, speeds away gaily and safe. ⁵But O the ship, the immortal ship! O ship aboard  
 the ship! O ship of the body—ship of the soul—voyaging, voy- 
 aging, voyaging.   [ begin page 251 ]ppp.00473.251.jpg

AMERICAN FEUILLAGE.

AMERICA always! Always our own feuillage! Always Florida's green peninsula! Always the price- 
 less delta of Louisiana! Always the cotton-fields  
 of Alabama and Texas! Always California's golden hills and hollows—and the  
 silver mountains of New Mexico! Always soft- 
 breath'd Cuba! Always the vast slope drain'd by the Southern Sea—  
 inseparable with the slopes drain'd by the  
 Eastern and Western Seas; The area the eighty-third year of These States—the  
 three and a half millions of square miles; The eighteen thousand miles of sea-coast and bay- 
 coast on the main—the thirty thousand miles  
 of river navigation, The seven millions of distinct families, and the same  
 number of dwellings—Always these, and more,  
 branching forth into numberless branches; Always the free range and diversity! Always the  
 continent of Democracy! Always the prairies, pastures, forests, vast cities,  
 travelers, Kanada, the snows; Always these compact lands—lands tied at the hips  
 with the belt stringing the huge oval lakes; Always the West, with strong native persons—the  
 increasing density there—the habitans, friendly,  
 threatening, ironical, scorning invaders; All sights, South, North, East—all deeds, promis- 
 cuously done at all times,   [ begin page 252 ]ppp.00473.252.jpg All characters, movements, growths—a few noticed,  
 myriads unnoticed, Through Mannahatta's streets I walking, these things  
 gathering; On interior rivers, by night, in the glare of pine knots,  
 steamboats wooding up; Sunlight by day on the valley of the Susquehanna,  
 and on the valleys of the Potomac and Rappa- 
 hannock, and the valleys of the Roanoke and  
 Delaware; In their northerly wilds beasts of prey haunting the  
 Adirondacks, the hills—or lapping the Saginaw  
 waters to drink; In a lonesome inlet, a sheldrake, lost from the flock,  
 sitting on the water, rocking silently; In farmers' barns, oxen in the stable, their harvest la- 
 bor done—they rest standing—they are too tired; Afar on arctic ice, the she-walrus lying drowsily,  
 while her cubs play around; The hawk sailing where men have not yet sail'd—the  
 farthest polar sea, ripply, crystalline, open,  
 beyond the floes; White drift spooning ahead, where the ship in the  
 tempest dashes; On solid land, what is done in cities, as the bells all  
 strike midnight together; In primitive woods, the sounds there also sounding—  
 the howl of the wolf, the scream of the panther,  
 and the hoarse bellow of the elk; In winter beneath the hard blue ice of Moosehead  
 Lake—in summer visible through the clear  
 waters, the great trout swimming; In lower latitudes, in warmer air, in the Carolinas,  
 the large black buzzard floating slowly, high  
 beyond the tree tops, Below, the red cedar, festoon'd with tylandria—the  
 pines and cypresses, growing out of the white  
 sand that spreads far and flat;   [ begin page 253 ]ppp.00473.253.jpg Rude boats descending the big Pedee—climbing  
 plants, parasites, with color'd flowers and ber- 
 ries, enveloping huge trees, The waving drapery on the live oak, trailing long and  
 low, noiselessly waved by the wind; The camp of Georgia wagoners, just after dark—the  
 supper-fires, and the cooking and eating by  
 whites and negroes, Thirty or forty great wagons—the mules, cattle,  
 horses, feeding from troughs, The shadows, gleams, up under the leaves of the old  
 sycamore-trees—the flames—also the black  
 smoke from the pitch-pine, curling and rising; Southern fishermen fishing—the sounds and inlets of  
 North Carolina's coast—the shad-fishery and  
 the herring-fishery—the large sweep-seines—  
 the windlasses on shore work'd by horses—the  
 clearing, curing, and packing-houses; Deep in the forest, in piney woods, turpentine drop- 
 ping from the incisions in the trees—There are  
 the turpentine works, There are the negroes at work, in good health—the  
 ground in all directions is cover'd with pine straw. —In Tennessee and Kentucky, slaves busy in the  
 coalings, at the forge, by the furnace-blaze, or  
 at the corn-shucking; In Virginia, the planter's son returning after a long  
 absence, joyfully welcom'd and kiss'd by the  
 aged mulatto nurse; On rivers, boatmen safely moor'd at night-fall, in their  
 boats, under shelter of high banks, Some of the younger men dance to the sound of the  
 banjo or fiddle—others sit on the gunwale,  
 smoking and talking; Late in the afternoon, the mocking-bird, the Ameri- 
 can mimic, singing in the Great Dismal Swamp  
 —there are the greenish waters, the resinous  
 odor, the plenteous moss, the cypress tree, and  
 the juniper tree; J2   [ begin page 254 ]ppp.00473.254.jpg —Northward, young men of Mannahatta—the target  
 company from an excursion returning home at  
 evening—the musket-muzzles all bear bunches  
 of flowers presented by women; Children at play—or on his father's lap a young boy  
 fallen asleep, (how his lips move! how he  
 smiles in his sleep!) The scout riding on horseback over the plains west of  
 the Mississippi—he ascends a knoll and sweeps  
 his eye around; California life—the miner, bearded, dress'd in his  
 rude costume—the stanch California friendship  
 —the sweet air—the graves one, in passing,  
 meets, solitary, just aside the horse-path; Down in Texas, the cotton-field, the negro-cabins—  
 drivers driving mules or oxen before rude carts  
 —cotton-bales piled on banks and wharves; Encircling all, vast-darting, up and wide, the American  
 Soul, with equal hemisphere—one love, one  
 Dilation or Pride; —In arriere, the peace-talk with the Iroquois, the  
 aborigines—the calumet, the pipe of good-will  
 arbitration, and indorsement, The sachem blowing the smoke first toward the sum  
 and then toward the earth, The drama of the scalp-dance enacted with painted  
 faces and guttural exclamations, The setting out of the war-party—the long and  
 stealthy march, The single-file—the swinging hatchets—the surprise  
 and slaughter of enemies; —All the acts, scenes, ways, persons, attitudes of These  
 States—reminiscences, all institutions, All These States, compact—Every square mile of  
 These States, without excepting a particle—you  
 also—me also, Me pleased, rambling in lanes and country fields,  
 Paumanok's fields,   [ begin page 255 ]ppp.00473.255.jpg Me, observing the spiral flight of two little yellow  
 butterflies, shuffling between each other, ascend- 
 ing high in the air; The darting swallow, the destroyer of insects—the  
 fall traveler southward, but returning north- 
 ward early in the spring; The country boy at the close of the day, driving the  
 herd of cows, and shouting to them as they  
 loiter to browse by the road-side; The city wharf—Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore,  
 Charleston, New Orleans, San Francisco, The departing ships, when the sailors heave at the  
 capstan; Evening—me in my room—the setting sun, The setting summer sun shining in my open window,  
 showing the swarm of flies, suspended, balanc- 
 ing in the air in the centre of the room, darting  
 athwart, up and down, casting swift shadows in  
 specks on the opposite wall, where the shine is; The athletic American matron speaking in public to  
 crowds of listeners; Males, females, immigrants, combinations—the co- 
 piousness—the individuality of The States, each  
 for itself—the money-makers; Factories, machinery, the mechanical forces—the  
 windlass, lever, pulley—All certainties, The certainty of space, increase, freedom, futurity, In space, the sporades, the scattered islands, the stars  
 —on the firm earth, the lands, my lands, O lands! all so dear to me—what you are, (whatever  
 it is), I become a part of that, whatever it is Southward there, I screaming, with wings slow flap- 
 ping, with the myriads of gulls wintering along  
 the coasts of Florida—or in Louisiana, with  
 pelicans breeding, Otherways, there, atwixt the banks of the Arkansaw,  
 the Rio Grande, the Nueces, the Brazos, the  
 Tombigbee, the Red River, the Saskatchawan,  
 or the Osage, I with the spring waters laughing  
 and skipping and running;   [ begin page 256 ]ppp.00473.256.jpg Northward, on the sands, on some shallow bay of Pau- 
 manok, I, with parties of snowy herons wading  
 in the wet to seek worms and aquatic plants; Retreating, triumphantly twittering, the king-bird,  
 from piercing the crow with its bill, for amuse- 
 ment—And I triumphantly twittering; The migrating flock of wild geese alighting in autumn  
 to refresh themselves—the body of the flock  
 feed—the sentinels outside move around with  
 erect heads watching, and are from time to  
 time reliev'd by other sentinels—And I feeding  
 and taking turns with the rest; In Kanadian forests, the moose, large as an ox, cor- 
 ner'd by hunters, rising desperately on his hind- 
 feet, and plunging with his fore-feet, the hoofs  
 as sharp as knives—And I, plunging at the  
 hunters, corner'd and desperate; In the Mannahatta, streets, piers, shipping, store- 
 houses, and the countless workmen working in  
 the shops, And I too of the Mannahatta, singing thereof—and  
 no less in myself than the whole of the Manna- 
 hatta in itself, Singing the song of These, my ever-united lands—my  
 body no more inevitably united, part to part,  
 and made one identity, any more than my lands  
 are inevitably united, and made ONE IDENTITY; Nativities, climates, the grass of the great Pastoral  
 Plains, Cities, labors, death, animals, products, good and evil  
 —these me, These affording, in all their particulars, endless  
 feuillage to me and to America, how can I do  
 less than pass the clew of the union of them, to  
 afford the like to you? Whoever you are! how can I but offer you divine  
 leaves, that you also be eligible as I am? How can I but, as here, chanting, invite you for your- 
 self to collect bouquets of the incomparable  
 feuillage of These States?   [ begin page 257 ]ppp.00473.257.jpg

MANNAHATTA.

¹I WAS asking for something specific and perfect for  
 my city, Whereupon, lo! upsprang the aboriginal name! ²Now I see what there is in a name, a word, liquid,  
 sane, unruly, musical, self-sufficient; I see that the word of my city is that word up there, Because I see that word nested in nests of water-bays,  
 superb, with tall and wonderful spires, Rich, hemm'd thick all around with sailships and  
 steamships—an island sixteen miles long, solid- 
 founded, Numberless crowded streets—high growths of iron,  
 slender, strong, light, splendidly uprising to- 
 ward clear skies; Tides swift and ample, well-loved by me, toward sun- 
 down, The flowing sea-currents, the little islands, larger ad- 
 joining islands, the heights, the villas, The countless masts, the white shore-steamers, the  
 lighters, the ferry-boats, the black sea-steam- 
 ers, well model'd; The down-town streets, the jobbers' houses of busi- 
 ness—the houses of business of the ship-mer- 
 chants, and money-brokers—the river-streets; Immigrants arriving, fifteen or twenty thousand in a  
 week; The carts hauling goods—the manly race of drivers of  
 horses—the brown-faced sailors; The summer-air, the bright sun shining, and the sail- 
 ing clouds aloft;   [ begin page 258 ]ppp.00473.258.jpg The winter snows, the sleigh-bells—the broken ice in  
 the river, passing along, up or down, with the  
 flood-tide or-ebb tideor ebb-tide; The mechanics of the city, the masters, well-form'd,  
 beautiful-faced, looking you straight in the  
 eyes; Trottoirs throng'd—vehicles—Broadway—the women  
 —the shops and shows, The parades, processions, bugles playing, flags flying,  
 drums beating; A million people—manners free and superb—open  
 voices—hospitality—the most courageous and  
 friendly young men; The free city! no slaves! no owners of slaves! The beautiful city, the city of hurried and sparkling  
 waters! the city of spires and masts! The city nested in bays! my city! The city of such women, I am mad to be with them!  
 I will return after death to be with them! The city of such young men, I swear I cannot live  
 happy, without I often go talk, walk, eat, drink,  
 sleep, with them!

TO YOU.

LET us twain walk aside from the rest; Now we are together privately, do you discard cere- 
 mony; Come! vouchsafe to me what has yet been vouch- 
 safed to none—Tell me the whole story, Tell me what you would not tell your brother, wife,  
 husband, or physician.   [ begin page 259 ]ppp.00473.259.jpg

FRANCE, 
  The 18th Year of These States.

¹ A GREAT year and place; A harsh, discordant, natal scream out-sounding, to  
 touch the mother's heart closer than any yet. ²I walk'd the shores of my Eastern Sea, Heard over the waves the little voice, Saw the divine infant, where she woke, mournfully  
 wailing, amid the roar of cannon, curses,  
 shouts, crash of falling buildings; Was not so sick from the blood in the gutters running  
 —nor from the single corpses, nor those in  
 heaps, nor those borne away in the tumbrils; Was not so desperate at the battues of death—was  
 not so shock'd at the repeated fusillades of the  
 guns. ³Pale, silent, stern, what could I say to that long- 
 accrued retribution? Could I wish humanity different? Could I wish the people made of wood and stone? Or that there be no justice in destiny or time? ⁴O Liberty! O mate for me! Here too the blaze, the bullet and the axe, in reserve,  
 to fetch them out in case of need; Here too, though long represt, can never be destroy'd; Here too could rise at last, murdering and extatic; Here too demanding full arrears of vengeance. ⁵Hence I sign this salute over the sea, And I do not deny that terrible red birth and baptism, But remember the little voice that I heard wailing—  
 and wait with perfect trust, no matter how  
 long;   [ begin page 260 ]ppp.00473.260.jpg And from to-day, sad and cogent, I maintain the be- 
 queath cause, as for all lands, And I send these words to Paris with my love, And I guess some chansonniers there will understand  
 them, For I guess there is latent music yet in France—  
 floods of it; O I hear already the bustle of instruments—they will  
 soon be drowning all that would interrupt  
 them; O I think the east wind brings a triumphal and free  
 march, It reaches hither—it swells me to joyful madness, I will run transpose it in words, to justify it, I will yet sing a song for you, ma femme.

A HAND-MIRROR.

HOLD it up sternly! See this it sends back! (Who is  
 it? Is it you?) Outside fair costume—within ashes and filth, No more a flashing eye—no more a sonorous voice or  
 springy step; Now some slave's eye, voice, hands, step, A drunkard's breath, unwholesome eater's face,  
 venerealee's flesh, Lungs rotting away piecemeal, stomach sour and can- 
 kerous, Joints rheumatic, bowels clogged with abomination, Blood circulating dark and poisonous streams, Words babble, hearing and touch callous, No brain, no heart left—no magnetism of sex; Such, from one look in this looking-glass ere you go  
 hence, Such a result so soon—and from such a beginning!   [ begin page 261 ]ppp.00473.261.jpg

THOUGHTS.

1.

OF the visages of things—And of piercing through  
 to the accepted hells beneath; Of ugliness—To me there is just as much in it as  
 there is in beauty—And now the ugliness of  
 human beings is acceptable to me; Of detected persons—To me, detected persons are  
 not, in any respect, worse than undetected per- 
 sons—and are not in any respect worse than I  
 am myself; Of criminals—To me, any judge, or any juror, is  
 equally criminal—and any reputable person is  
 also—and the President is also.

2.

OF waters, forests, hills; Of the earth at large, whispering through medium of  
 me; Of vista—Suppose some sight in arriere, through the  
 formative chaos, presuming the growth, fulness,  
 life, now attain'd on the journey; (But I see the road continued, and the journey ever  
 continued;) Of what was once lacking on earth, and in due time  
 has become supplied—And of what will yet be  
 supplied, Because all I see and know, I believe to have purport  
 in what will yet be supplied.   [ begin page 262 ]ppp.00473.262.jpg

3.

OF persons arrived at high positions, ceremonies,  
 wealth, scholarships, and the like; To me, all that those persons have arrived at, sinks  
 away from them, except as it results to their  
 Bodies and Souls, So that often to me they appear gaunt and naked; And often, to me, each one mocks the others, and  
 mocks himself or herself, And of each one, the core of life, namely happiness,  
 is full of the rotten excrement of maggots, And often, to me, those men and women pass unwit- 
 tingly the true realities of life, and go toward  
 false realities, And often, to me, they are alive after what custom has  
 served them, but nothing more, And often, to me, they are sad, hasty, unwaked son-  
 nambules, walking the dusk.

4.

OF ownership—As if one fit to own things could not  
 at pleasure enter upon all, and incorporate  
 them into himself or herself; Of Equality—As if it harm'd me, giving others the  
 same chances and rights as myself—As if it  
 were not indispensable to my own rights that  
 others possess the same; Of Justice—As if Justice could be anything but the  
 same ample law, expounded by natural judges  
 and saviors, As if it might be this thing or that thing, according  
 to decisions.

5.

AS I sit with others, at a great feast, suddenly, while  
 the music is playing,   [ begin page 263 ]ppp.00473.263.jpg To my mind, (whence it comes I know not,) spectral,  
 in mist, of a wreck at sea, Of the flower of the marine science of fifty generations,  
 founder'd off the Northeast coast, and going  
 down—Of the steamship Arctic going down, Of the veil'd tableau—Women gather'd together on  
 deck, pale, heroic, waiting the moment that  
 draws so close—O the moment! O the huge sob—A few bubbles—the white foam  
 spirting up—And then the women gone, Sinking there, while the passionless wet flows on—  
 And I now pondering, Are those women indeed  
 gone? Are Souls drown'd and destroy'd so? Is only matter triumphant?

6.

OF what I write from myself—As if that were not the  
 resumé; Of Histories—As if such, however complete, were not  
 less complete than my poems; As if the shreds, the records of nations, could possibly  
 be as lasting as my poems; As if here were not the amount of all nations, and of  
 all the lives of heroes.

7.

OF obedience, faith, adhesiveness; As I stand aloof and look, there is to me something  
 profoundly affecting in large masses of men,  
 following the lead of those who do not believe  
 in men.   [ begin page 264 ]ppp.00473.264.jpg

TO HIM THAT WAS CRUCIFIED.

MY spirit to yours, dear brother; Do not mind because many, sounding your name, do  
 not understand you; I do not sound your name, but I understand you,  
 (there are others also;) I specify you with joy, O my comrade, to salute you,  
 and to salute those who are with you, before  
 and since—and those to come also, That we all labor together, transmitting the same  
 charge and succession; We few, equals, indifferent of lands, indifferent of  
 times; We, enclosers of all continents, all castes—allowers of  
 all theologies, Compassionaters, perceivers, rapport of men, We walk silent among disputes and assertions, but  
 reject not the disputers, nor any thing that is  
 asserted; We hear the bawling and din—we are reach'd at by  
 divisions, jealousies, recriminations on every  
 side, They close peremptorily upon us, to surround us, my  
 comrade, Yet we walk unheld, free, the whole earth over,  
 journeying up and down, till we make our in- 
 effaceable mark upon time and the diverse eras, Till we saturate time and eras, that the men and  
 women of races, ages to come, may prove  
 brethren and lovers, as we are.

TO OLD AGE.

I SEE in you the estuary that enlarges and spreads  
 itself grandly as it pours in the great Sea.   [ begin page 265 ]ppp.00473.265.jpg

TO ONE SHORTLY TO DIE.

¹FROM all the rest I single out you, having a message  
 for you: You are to die—Let others tell you what they please,  
 I cannot prevaricate, I am exact and merciless, but I love you—There is no  
 escape for you. ²Softly I lay my right hand upon you—you just feel  
 it, I do not argue—I bend my head close, and half- 
 envelop it, I sit quietly by—I remain faithful, I am more than nurse, more than parent or neighbor, I absolve you from all except yourself, spiritual, bodily  
 —that is eternal, (The corpse you will leave will be but excrementitious.) ³The sun bursts through in unlooked-for directions! Strong thoughts fill you, and confidence—you smile! You forget you are sick, as I forget you are sick, You do not see the medicines—you do not mind the  
 weeping friends—I am with you, I exclude others from you—there is nothing to be  
 commiserated, I do not commiserate—I congratulate you.

TO YOU.

STRANGER! if you, passing, meet me, and desire to  
 speak to me, why should you not speak to me? And why should I not speak to you?   [ begin page 266 ]ppp.00473.266.jpg

UNNAMED LANDS.

¹NATIONS ten thousand years before These States,  
 and many times ten thousand years before  
 These States; Garner'd clusters of ages, that men and women like  
 us grew up and travel'd their course, and  
 pass'd on; What vast-built cities—what orderly republics—what  
 pastoral tribes and nomads; What histories, rulers, heroes, perhaps trancending  
 all others; What laws, customs, wealth, arts, traditions; What sort of marriage—what costumes—what phy- 
 siology and phrenology; What of liberty and slavery among them—what they  
 thought of death and the soul; Who were witty and wise—who beautiful and poetic—  
 who brutish and undevelop'd; Not a mark, not a record remains—And yet all re- 
 mains. ²O I know that those men and women were not for  
 nothing, any more than we are for nothing; I know that they belong to the scheme of the world  
 every bit as much as we now belong to it, and  
 as all will henceforth belong to it. ³Afar they stand—yet near to me they stand, Some with oval countenances, learn'd and calm, Some naked and savage—Some like huge collections  
 of insects, Some in tents—herdsmen, patriarchs, tribes, horse- 
 men, Some prowling through woods—Some living peacea- 
 bly on farms, laboring, reaping, filling barns, Some traversing paved avenues, amid temples, pala- 
 ces, factories, libraries, shows, courts, theatres,  
 wonderful monuments.   [ begin page 267 ]ppp.00473.267.jpg ⁴Are those billions of men really gone? Are those women of the old experience of the earth  
 gone? Do their lives, cities, arts, rest only with us? Did they achieve nothing for good, for themselves? ⁵I believe of all those billions of men and women  
 that fill'd the unnamed lands, every one exists  
 this hour, here or elsewhere, invisible to us, in  
 exact proportion to what he or she grew from  
 in life, and out of what he or she did, felt, be- 
 came, loved, sinned, in life. ⁶I believe that was not the end of those nations, or  
 any person of them, any more than this shall  
 be the end of my nation, or of me; Of their languages, governments, marriage, literature,  
 products, games, wars, manners, crimes, pris- 
 ons, slaves, heroes, poets, I suspect their re- 
 sults curiously await in the yet unseen world—  
 counterparts of what accrued to them in the  
 seen world, I suspect I shall meet them there, I suspect I shall there find each old particular of those  
 unnamed lands.

KOSMOS.

WHO includes diversity, and is Nature, Who is the amplitude of the earth, and the coarseness  
 and sexuality of the earth, and the great char- 
 ity of the earth, and the equilibrium also, Who has not look'd forth from the windows, the eyes,  
 for nothing, or whose brain held audience with  
 messengers for nothing;   [ begin page 268 ]ppp.00473.268.jpg Who contains believers and disbelievers—Who is the  
 most majestic lover; Who holds duly his or her triune proportion of real- 
 ism, spiritualism, and of the æsthetic, or in- 
 tellectual, Who, having consider'd the Body, finds all its organs  
 and parts good; Who, out of the theory of the earth, and of his or  
 her body, understands by subtle analogies all  
 other theories, The theory of a city, a poem, and of the large poli- 
 tics of These States; Who believes not only in our globe, with its sun and  
 moon, but in other globes, with their suns and  
 moons; Who, constructing the house of himself or herself, not  
 for a day, but for all time, sees races, eras, dates,  
 generations, The past, the future, dwelling there, like space, insep- 
 arable together.

WHEN I READ THE BOOK.

WHEN I read the book, the biography famous; And is this, then, (said I,) what the author calls a  
 man's life? And so will some one, when I am dead and gone,  
 write my life? (As if any man really knew aught of my life; As if you, O cunning Soul, did not keep your secret  
 well!)   [ begin page 269 ]ppp.00473.269.jpg

SAYS.

1.

I SAY whatever tastes sweet to the most perfect person  
 —That is finally right.

2.

I SAY the human shape or face is so great, it must  
 never be made ridiculous; I say for ornaments nothing outré can be allowed, And that anything is most beautiful without orna- 
 ment, And that exaggerations will be sternly revenged in  
 your own physiology; and in other persons' phys- 
 iology also; And I say that clean-shaped children can be jetted and  
 conceiv'd only where natural forms prevail in  
 public, and the human face and form are never  
 caricatured; And I say that genius need never more be turn'd to  
 romances, (For facts properly told, how mean appear all ro- 
 mances.)

3.

I HAVE said many times that materials and the Soul  
 are great, and that all depends on physique; Now I reverse what I said, and affirm that all depends  
 on the æsthetic, or intellectual, And that criticism is great—and that refinement is  
 greatest of all; And I affirm now that the mind governs—and that all  
 depends on the mind. K   [ begin page 270 ]ppp.00473.270.jpg

4.

WITH one man or woman—(no matter which one—I  
 even pick out the lowest,) With him or her I now illustrate the whole law; I say that every right, in politics or what-not, shall be  
 eligible to that one man or woman, on the same  
 terms as any.

DESPAIRING CRIES.

1

DESPAIRING cries float ceaselessly toward me, day and  
 night, The sad voice of Death—the call of my nearest lover,  
 putting forth, alarm'd, uncertain, The Sea I am quickly to sail, come tell me, Come tell me where I am speeding—tell me my destina- 
 tion.

2

I understand your anguish, but I cannot help you, I approach, hear, behold—the sad mouth, the look  
 out of the eyes, your mute inquiry, Whither I go from the bed I recline on, come tell me: Old age, alarm'd, uncertain—A young woman's voice,  
 appealing to me for comfort; A young man's voice, Shall I not escape?

PICTURE.

A THOUSAND perfect men and women appear, Around each gathers a cluster of friends, and gay  
 children and youths, with offerings.   [ begin page 271 ]ppp.00473.271.jpg

POEMS OF JOY.

1

¹ O TO make the most jubilant poems! O full of music! Full of manhood, womanhood, in- 
 fancy! O full of common employments! Full of grain and  
 trees. ²O for the voices of animals! O for the swiftness  
 and balance of fishes! O for the dropping of rain-drops in a poem! O for the sunshine, and motion of waves in a poem. ³O to be on the sea! the wind, the wide waters  
 around; O to sail in a ship under full sail at sea. ⁴O the joy of my spirit! It is uncaged! It darts  
 like lightning! It is not enough to have this globe, or a certain time  
 —I will have thousands of globes, and all time.

2

⁵O the engineer's joys To go with a locomotive! To hear the hiss of steam—the merry shriek—the  
 steam-whistle—the laughing locomotive! To push with resistless way, and speed off in the dis- 
 tance.   [ begin page 272 ]ppp.00473.272.jpg ⁶O the horseman's and horsewoman's joys! The saddle—the gallop—the pressure upon the seat  
 —the cool gurgling by the ears and hair.

3

⁷O the fireman's joys! I hear the alarm at dead of night, I hear bells—shouts!—I pass the crowd—I run! The sight of the flames maddens me with pleasure. ⁸O the joy of the strong-brawn'd fighter, towering  
 in the arena, in perfect condition, conscious of  
 power, thirsting to meet his opponent. ⁹O the joy of that vast elemental sympathy which  
 only the human Soul is capable of generating  
 and emitting in steady and limitless floods.

4

¹⁰O the mother's joys! The watching—the endurance—the precious love—  
 the anguish—the patiently yielded life. ¹¹O the joy of increase, growth, recuperation, The joy of soothing and pacifying—the joy of con- 
 cord and harmony. ¹²O to go back to the place where I was born! To hear the birds sing once more! To ramble about the house and barn, and over the  
 fields, once more, And through the orchard and along the old lanes  
 once more.

5

¹³O male and female! O the presence of women! (I swear there is nothing  
 more exquisite than the presence of women;)   [ begin page 273 ]ppp.00473.273.jpg O for the girl, my mate! O for the happiness with  
 my mate! O the young man as I pass! O I am sick after  
 the friendship of him who, I fear, is indifferent  
 to me. ¹⁴O the streets of cities! The flitting faces—the expressions, eyes, feet, cos- 
 tumes! O I cannot tell how welcome they are  
 to me; O, of the men—of women toward me as I pass—The  
 memory of only one look—the boy lingering  
 and waiting.

6

¹⁵O to have been brought up on bays, lagoons, creeks  
 or along the coast! O to continue and be employ'd there all my life! O the briny and damp smell—the shore—the salt  
 weeds exposed at low water, The work of fishermen—the work of the eel-fisher  
 and clam-fisher. ¹⁶O it is I! I come with my clam-rake and spade! I come with  
 my eel-spear; Is the tide out? I join the group of clam-diggers on  
 the flats, I laugh and work with them—I joke at my work, like  
 a mettlesome young man. ¹⁷In winter I take my eel-basket and eel-spear and  
 travel out on foot on the ice—I have a small  
 axe to cut holes in the ice; Behold me, well-clothed, going gaily, or returning in  
 the afternoon—my brood of tough boys accom- 
 panying me,   [ begin page 274 ]ppp.00473.274.jpg My brood of grown and part-grown boys, who love  
 to be with no one else so well as they love to  
 be with me, By day to work with me, and by night to sleep with  
 me. ¹⁸Or, another time, in warm weather, out in a boat, 
 to lift the lobster-pots, where they are sunk  
 with heavy stones, (I know the buoys;) O the sweetness of the Fifth-month morning upon  
 the water, as I row, just before sunrise, toward  
 the buoys; I pull the wicker pots up slantingly—the dark green  
 lobsters are desperate with their claws, as I  
 take them out—I insert wooden pegs in the  
 joints of their pincers, I go to all the places, one after another, and then row  
 back to the shore, There, in a huge kettle of boiling water, the lobsters  
 shall be boil'd till their color becomes scarlet. ¹⁹Or, another time, mackerel-taking, Voracious, mad for the hook, near the surface, they  
 seem to fill the water for miles; Or, another time, fishing for rock-fish in Chesapeake  
 Bay—I one of the brown-faced crew; Or, another time, trailing for blue-fish off Paumanok, 
 I stand with braced body, My left foot is on the gunwale—my right arm throws  
 the coils of slender rope, In sight around me the quick veering and darting of  
 fifty skiffs, my companions.

7

²⁰O boating on the rivers! The voyage down the Niagara, (the St. Lawrence,)—  
 the superb scenery—the steamers,   [ begin page 275 ]ppp.00473.275.jpg The ships sailing—the Thousand Islands—the occa- 
 sional timber-raft, and the raftsmen with long- 
 reaching sweep-oars, The little huts on the rafts, and the stream of smoke  
 when they cook supper at evening. ²¹O something pernicious and dread! Something far away from a puny and pious life! Something unproved! Something in a trance! Something escaped from the anchorage, and driving  
 free. ²²O to work in mines, or forging iron! Foundry casting—the foundry itself—the rude high  
 roof—the ample and shadow'd space, The furnace—the hot liquid pour'd out and running.

8

²³O the joys of the soldier! To feel the presence of a brave general! to feel his  
 sympathy! To behold his calmness! to be warm'd in the rays of  
 his smile! To go to battle! to hear the bugles play, and the  
 drums beat! To hear the crash of artillery! to see the glittering of  
 the bayonets and musket-barrels in the sun! To see men fall and die and not complain! To taste the savage taste of blood! to be so devilish! To gloat so over the wounds and deaths of the enemy.

9

²⁴O the whaleman's joys! O I cruise my old cruise  
 again! I feel the ship's motion under me—I feel the Atlan- 
 tic breezes fanning me, I hear the cry again sent down from the mast-head, 
  There she blows,   [ begin page 276 ]ppp.00473.276.jpg Again I spring up the rigging, to look with the rest—  
 We see—we descend, wild with excitement, I leap in the lower'd boat—We row toward our prey, 
 where he lies, We approach, stealthy and silent—I see the moun- 
 tainous mass, lethargic, basking, I see the harpooner standing up—I see the weapon  
 dart from his vigorous arm; O swift, again, now, far out in the ocean, the wounded  
 whale, settling, running to windward, tows me, Again I see him rise to breathe—We row close again, I see a lance driven through his side, press'd deep, 
 turn'd in the wound, Again we back off—I see him settle again—the life is  
 leaving him fast, As he rises, he spouts blood—I see him swim in circles  
 narrower and narrower, swiftly cutting the  
 water—I see him die, He gives one convulsive leap in the centre of the cir- 
 cle, and then falls flat and still in the bloody  
 foam.

10

²⁵O the old manhood of me, my joy! My children and grand-children—my white hair and  
 beard, My largeness, calmness, majesty, out of the long  
 stretch of my life. ²⁶O the ripen'd joy of womanhood! O perfect happiness at last! I am more than eighty years of age—my hair, too, is  
 pure white—I am the most venerable mother; How clear is my mind! how all people draw nigh to  
 me! What attractions are these, beyond any before? what  
 bloom, more than the bloom of youth? What beauty is this that descends upon me, and rises  
 out of me?   [ begin page 277 ]ppp.00473.277.jpg ²⁷O the joy of my soul leaning poised on itself—re- 
 ceiving identity through materials, and loving  
 them—observing characters, and absorbing  
 them; O my soul, vibrated back to me, from them—from  
 facts, sight, hearing, touch, my phrenology, 
 reason, articulation, comparison, memory, and  
 the like; O the real life of my senses and flesh, transcending  
 my senses and flesh; O my body, done with materials—my sight, done with  
 my material eyes; O what is proved to me this day, beyond cavil, that it  
 is not my material eyes which finally see, Nor my material body which finally loves, walks, 
 laughs, shouts, embraces, procreates.

11

²⁸O the farmer's joys! Ohioan's, Illinoisian's, Wisconsinese', Kanadian's, Io- 
 wan, Kansian's, Missourian's, Oregonese' joys, To rise at peep of day, and pass forth nimbly to work, To plow land in the fall for winter-sown crops, To plough land in the spring for maize, To train orchards—to graft the trees—to gather ap- 
 ples in the fall. ²⁹O the pleasure with trees! The orchard—the forest—the oak, cedar, pine, pekan- 
 tree, The honey-locust, black-walnut, cottonwood, and mag- 
 nolia.

12

³⁰O Death! O the beautiful touch of Death, soothing and be- 
 numbing a few moments, for reasons; K2   [ begin page 278 ]ppp.00473.278.jpg O that of myself, discharging my excrementitious  
 body, to be burn'd, or render'd to powder, or  
 buried, My real body doubtless left to me for other spheres, My voided body, nothing more to me, returning to  
 the purifications, further offices, eternal uses of  
 the earth.

13

³¹O to bathe in the swimming-bath, or in a good  
 place along shore! To splash the water! to walk ankle-deep—to race  
 naked along the shore. ³²O to realize space! The plenteousness of all—that there are no bounds; To emerge, and be of the sky—of the sun and moon, 
 and the flying clouds, as one with them.

14

³³O, while I live, to be the ruler of life—not a slave, To meet life as a powerful conquerer, No fumes—no ennui—no more complaints or scornful  
 criticisms. ³⁴O me repellent and ugly! To these proud laws of the air, the water, and the  
 ground, proving my interior Soul impregnable, 
 And nothing exterior shall ever take command of me. ³⁵O to attract by more than attraction! How it is I know not—yet behold! the something  
 which obeys none of the rest, It is offensive, never defensive—yet how magnetic it  
 draws.

15

³⁶O the joy of suffering! To struggle against great odds! to meet enemies un- 
 daunted!   [ begin page 279 ]ppp.00473.279.jpg To be entirely alone with them! to find how much one  
 can stand! To look strife, torture, prison, popular odium, death, 
 face to face! To mount the scaffold! to advance to the muzzles of  
 guns with perfect nonchalance! To be indeed a God! ³⁷O the gleesome saunter over fields and hill-sides! The leaves and flowers of the commonest weeds—the  
 moist fresh stillness of the woods, The exquisite smell of the earth at day-break, and all  
 through the forenoon. ³⁸O love-branches! love-root! love-apples! O chaste and electric torrents! O mad-sweet drops. ³⁹O the orator's joys! To inflate the chest—to roll the thunder of the voice  
 out from the ribs and throat, To make the people rage, weep, hate, desire, with  
 yourself, To lead America—to quell America with a great  
 tongue. ⁴⁰O the joy of a manly self-hood! Personality—to be servile to none—to defer to none  
 —not to any tyrant, known or unknown, To walk with erect carriage, a step springy and  
 elastic, To look with calm gaze, or with a flashing eye, To speak with a full and sonorous voice, out of a  
 broad chest, To confront with your personality all the other per- 
 sonalities of the earth. ⁴¹O to have my life henceforth my poem of joys! To dance, clap hands, exult, shout, skip, leap, roll on, 
 float on, An athlete—full of rich words—full of joys.   [ begin page 280 ]ppp.00473.280.jpg

RESPONDEZ!

RESPONDEZ! Respondez! Let every one answer! let those who sleep be waked!  
 let none evade! (How much longer must we go on with our affectations  
 and sneaking? Let me bring this to a close—I pronounce openly for  
 a new distribution of roles;) Let that which stood in front go behind! and let that  
 which was behind advance to the front and  
 speak; Let murderers, thieves, bigots, fools, unclean persons,  
 offer new propositions! Let the old propositions be postponed! Let faces and theories be turn'd inside out! Let  
 meanings be freely criminal, as well as results! Let there be no suggestion above the suggestion of  
 drudgery! Let none be pointed toward his destination! (Say! do  
 you know your destination?) Let trillions of men and women be mock'd with bodies  
 and mock'd with Souls! Let the love that waits in them, wait! Let it die, or  
 pass still-born to other spheres! Let the sympathy that waits in every man, wait! or let  
 it also pass, a dwarf, to other spheres! Let contradictions prevail! Let one thing contradict  
 another! and let one line of my poems contra- 
 dict another! Let the people sprawl with yearning aimless hands!  
 Let their tongues be broken! Let their eyes be  
 discouraged! Let none descend into their hearts  
 with the fresh lusciousness of love! Let the theory of America be management, caste,  
 comparison! (Say! what other theory would  
 you?) Let them that distrust birth and death lead the rest!  
 (Say! why shall they not lead you?)   [ begin page 281 ]ppp.00473.281.jpg Let the crust of hell be near'd and trod on! Let the  
 days be darker than the nights! Let slumber  
 bring less slumber than waking-time brings! Let the world never appear to him or her for whom it  
 was all made! Let the heart of the young man exile itself from the  
 heart of the old man! and let the heart of the  
 old man be exiled from that of the young man! Let the sun and moon go! Let scenery take the ap- 
 plause of the audience! Let there be apathy  
 under the stars! Let freedom prove no man's inalienable right! Every  
 one who can tyrannize, let him tyrannize to his  
 satisfaction! Let none but infidels be countenanced! Let the eminence of meanness, treachery, sarcasm,  
 hate, greed, indecency, impotence, lust, be taken  
 for granted above all! Let writers, judges, gov- 
 ernments, households, religions, philosophies,  
 take such for granted above all! Let the worst men beget children out of the worst  
 women! Let the priest still play at immortality! Let death be inaugurated! Let nothing remain but the ashes of teachers, artists,  
 moralists, lawyers, and learn'd and polite per- 
 sons! Let him who is without my poems be assassinated! Let the cow, the horse, the camel, the garden-bee—Let  
 the mud-fish, the lobster, the mussel, eel, the  
 stingfish—Let these,  
 and the like of these, be put on a perfect equal- 
 ity with man and woman! Let churches accommodate serpents, vermin, and the  
 corpses of those who have died of the most  
 filthy of diseases! Let marriage slip down among fools, and be for none  
 but fools!   [ begin page 282 ]ppp.00473.282.jpg Let men among themselves talk and think obscenely  
 of women! and let women among themselves  
 talk and think obscenely of men! Let every man doubt every woman! and let every  
 woman trick every man! Let us all, without missing one, be exposed in public,  
 naked, monthly, at the peril of our lives! Let  
 our bodies be freely handled and examined by  
 whoever chooses! Let nothing but copies be permitted to exist upon the  
 earth! Let the earth desert God, nor let there never hence- 
 forth be mention'd the name of God! Let there be no God! Let there be money, business, imports, exports, cus- 
 tom, authority, precedents, pallor, dyspepsia,  
 smut, ignorance, unbelief! Let judges and criminals be transposed! Let the  
 prison-keepers be put in prison! Let those that  
 were prisoners take the keys! (Say! why might  
 they not just as well be transposed?) Let the slaves be masters! Let the masters become  
 slaves! Let the reformers descend from the stands where they  
 are forever bawling! Let an idiot or insane  
 person appear on each of the stands! Let the Asiatic, the African, the European, the Ameri- 
 can, and the Australian, go armed against the  
 murderous stealthiness of each other! Let them  
 sleep armed! Let none believe in good will! Let there be no unfashionable wisdom! Let such be  
 scorn'd and derided off from the earth! Let a floating cloud in the sky—Let a wave of the sea  
 —Let growing mint, spinach, onions, tomatoes  
 —Let these be exhibited as shows at a great  
 price for admission! Let all the men of These States stand aside for a few  
 smouchers! Let the few seize on what they  
 choose! Let the rest gawk, giggle, starve, obey!   [ begin page 283 ]ppp.00473.283.jpg Let shadows be furnish'd with genitals! Let substances  
 be deprived of their genitals! Let there be wealthy and immense cities—but through  
 any of them, not a single poet, savior, knower,  
 lover! Let the infidels of These States laugh all faith away!  
 If one man be found who has faith, let the rest  
 set upon him! Let them affright faith! Let  
 them destroy the power of breeding faith! Let the she-harlots and the he-harlots be prudent!  
 Let them dance on, while seeming lasts! (O  
 seeming! seeming! seeming!) Let the preachers recite creeds! Let them teach only  
 what they have been taught! Let insanity have charge of sanity! Let books take the place of trees, animals, rivers,  
 clouds! Let the daub'd portraits of heroes supersede heroes! Let the manhood of man never take steps after itself!  
 Let it take steps after eunuchs, and after con- 
 sumptive and genteel persons! Let the white person tread the black person under his  
 heel! (Say! which is trodden under heel, after  
 all?) Let the reflections of the things of the world be studied  
 in mirrors! Let the things themselves continue  
 unstudied! Let a man seek pleasure everywhere except in him- 
 self! Let a woman seek happiness everywhere  
 except in herself! (What real happiness have  
 you had one single time through your whole  
 life?) Let the limited years of life do nothing for the limit- 
 less years of death! (What do you suppose  
 death will do, then?)   [ begin page 284 ]ppp.00473.284.jpg

THE CITY DEAD-HOUSE.

BY the City Dead-House, by the gate, As idly sauntering, wending my way from the clangor, I curious pause—for lo! an outcast form, a poor dead  
 prostitute brought; Her corpse they deposit unclaim'd, it lies on the  
 damp brick pavement; The divine woman, her body—I see the Body—I look  
 on it alone, That house once full of passion and beauty—all else I  
 notice not; Nor stillness so cold, nor running water from faucet,  
 nor odors morbific impress me; But the house alone—that wondrous house—that de- 
 licate fair house—that ruin! That immortal house, more than all the rows of dwel- 
 lings ever built! Or white-domed Capitol itself, with magestic figure sur- 
 mounted—or all the old high-spired cathedrals, That little house alone, more than them all—poor,  
 desperate house! Fair, fearful wreck! tenement of a Soul! itself a Soul! Unclaim'd, avoided house! take one breath from my  
 tremulous lips; Take one tear, dropt aside as I go, for thought of you, Dead house of love! house of madness and sin, crum- 
 bled! crush'd! House of life—erewhile talking and laughing—but  
 ah, poor house! dead, even then; Months, years, an echoing, garnish'd house—but  
 dead, dead, dead.

LEAFLETS.

WHAT General has a good army in himself, has a good  
 army; He happy in himself, or she happy in herself, is happy.   [ begin page 285 ]ppp.00473.285.jpg

LEAVES OF GRASS.

1.

¹ THINK of the Soul; I swear to you that body of yours gives proportions  
 to your Soul somehow to live in other spheres; I do not know how, but I know it is so. ²Think of loving and being loved; I swear to you, whoever you are, you can interfuse  
 yourself with such things that everybody that  
 sees you shall look longingly upon you. ³Think of the past; I warn you that in a little while, others will find their  
 past in you and your times. ⁴The race is never separated—nor man nor woman  
 escapes; All is inextricable—things, spirits, nature, nations, 
 you too—from precedents you come. ⁵Recall the ever-welcome defiers, (The mothers pre- 
 cede them;) Recall the sages, poets, saviors, inventors, lawgivers, 
 of the earth; Recall Christ, brother of rejected persons—brother of  
 slaves, felons, idiots, and of insane and diseas'd  
 persons. ⁶Think of the time when you was not yet born; Think of times you stood at the side of the dying; Think of the time when your own body will be dying.   [ begin page 286 ]ppp.00473.286.jpg ⁷Think of spiritual results, Sure as the earth swims through the heavens, does  
 every one of its objects pass into spiritual  
 results. ⁸Think of manhood, and you to be a man; Do you count manhood, and the sweet of manhood, 
 nothing? ⁹Think of womanhood, and you to be a woman; The creation is womanhood; Have I not said that womanhood involves all? Have I not told how the universe has nothing better  
 than the best womanhood?

2.

UNFOLDED out of the folds of the woman, man comes  
 unfolded, and is always to come unfolded; Unfolded only out of the superbest woman of the  
 earth, is to come the superbest man of the  
 earth; Unfolded out of the friendliest woman, is to come the  
 friendliest man; Unfolded only out of the perfect body of a woman,  
 can a man be form'd of perfect body; Unfolded only out of the inimitable poem of the wo- 
 man, can come the poems of man—(only  
 thence have my poems come;) Unfolded out of the strong and arrogant woman I  
 love, only thence can appear the strong and  
 arrogant man I love; Unfolded by brawny embraces from the well-muscled  
 woman I love, only thence come the brawny  
 embraces of the man; Unfolded out of the folds of the woman's brain, come  
 all the folds of the man's brain, duly obedient;   [ begin page 287 ]ppp.00473.287.jpg Unfolded out of the justice of the woman, all justice  
 is unfolded; Unfolded out of the sympathy of the woman is all  
 sympathy: A man is a great thing upon the earth, and through  
 eternity—but every jot of the greatness of man  
 is unfolded out of woman, First the man is shaped in the woman, he can then be  
 shaped in himself.

3.

¹ NIGHT on the prairies; The supper is over—the fire on the ground burns  
 low; The wearied emigrants sleep, wrapt in their blankets; I walk by myself—I stand and look at the stars, 
 which I think now I never realized before. ²Now I absorb immortality and peace, I admire death, and test propositions. ³How plenteous! How spiritual! How resumé! The same Old Man and Soul—the same old aspira- 
 tions, and the same content. ⁴I was thinking the day most splendid, till I saw  
 what the not-day exhibited, I was thinking this globe enough, till there sprang  
 out so noiseless around me myriads of other  
 globes. ⁵Now, while the great thoughts of space and eternity  
 fill me, I will measure myself by them; And now, touch'd with the lives of other globes, ar- 
 rived as far along as those of the earth,   [ begin page 288 ]ppp.00473.288.jpg Or waiting to arrive, or pass'd on farther than those  
 of the earth, I henceforth no more ignore them, than I ignore my  
 own life, Or the lives of the earth arrived as far as mine, or  
 waiting to arrive. ⁶O I see now that life cannot exhibit all to me—as  
 the day cannot, I see that I am to wait for what will be exhibited by  
 death.

4.

THE world below the brine; Forests at the bottom of the sea—the branches and  
 leaves, Sea-lettuce, vast lichens, strange flowers and seeds—  
 the thick tangle, the openings, and the pink  
 turf, Different colors, pale gray and green, purple, white,  
 and gold—the play of light through the water, Dumb swimmers there among the rocks—coral, gluten,  
 grass, rushes—and the aliment of the swimmers, Sluggish existences grazing there, suspended, or  
 slowly crawling close to the bottom, The sperm-whale at the surface, blowing air and  
 spray, or disporting with his flukes, The leaden-eyed shark, the walrus, the turtle, the  
 hairy sea-leopard, and the sting-ray; Passions there—wars, pursuits, tribes—sight in those  
 ocean-depths—breathing that thick-breathing  
 air, as so many do; The change thence to the sight here, and to the subtle  
 air breathed by beings like us, who walk this  
 sphere; The change onward from ours, to that of beings who  
 walk other spheres.   [ begin page 289 ]ppp.00473.289.jpg

5.

I SIT and look out upon all the sorrows of the world,  
 and upon all oppression and shame; I hear secret convulsive sobs from young men, at an- 
 guish with themselves, remorseful after deeds  
 done; I see, in low life, the mother misused by her children,  
 dying, neglected, gaunt, desperate; I see the wife misused by her husband—I see the  
 treacherous seducer of young women; I mark the ranklings of jealousy and unrequited  
 love, attempted to be hid—I see these sights  
 on the earth; I see the workings of battle, pestilence, tyranny—I  
 see martyrs and prisoners; I observe a famine at sea—I observe the sailors cast- 
 ing lots who shall be kill'd, to preserve the  
 lives of the rest; I observe the slights and degradations cast by arro- 
 gant persons upon laborers, the poor, and upon  
 negroes, and the like; All these—All the meanness and agony without end,  
 I sitting, look out upon, See, hear, and am silent.

VISOR'D.

A MASK—a perpetual natural disguiser of herself, Concealing her face, concealing her form, Changes and transformations every hour, every mo- 
 ment, Falling upon her even when she sleeps.   [ begin page 290 ]ppp.00473.290.jpg

NOT THE PILOT.

NOT the pilot has charged himself to bring his ship  
 into port, though beaten back, and many times  
 baffled; Not the path-finder, penetrating inland, weary and  
 long, By deserts parch'd, snows-chill'd, rivers wet, perse- 
 veres till he reaches his destination, More than I have charged myself, heeded or un- 
 heeded, to compose a free march for These  
 States, To be exhilarating music to them, years, centuries  
 hence.

AS IF A PHANTOM CARESS'D ME.

AS if a phantom caress'd me, I thought I was not alone, walking here by the shore; But the one I thought was with me, as now I walk by  
 the shore, the one I loved that caress'd me, As I lean and look through the glimmering light—  
 that one has utterly disappear'd, And those appear that are hateful to me, and mock  
 me.

PICTURE.

WOMEN sit, or move to and fro—some old, some  
 young; The young are beautiful—but the old are more beauti- 
 ful than the young.   [ begin page 291 ]ppp.00473.291.jpg

GREAT ARE THE MYTHS.

¹ GREAT are the myths—I too delight in them; Great are Adam and Eve—I too look back and accept  
 them; Great the risen and fallen nations, and their poets,  
 women, sages, inventors, rulers, warriors, and  
 priests. ²Great is Liberty! great is Equality! I am their  
 follower; Helmsmen of nations, choose your craft! where you  
 sail, I sail, I weather it out with you, or sink with you. ³Great is Youth—equally great is Old Age—great  
 are the Day and night; Great is Wealth—great is Poverty—great is Expres- 
 sion—great is Silence. ⁴Youth, large, lusty, loving—Youth, full of grace,  
 force, fascination! Do you know that Old Age may come after you, with  
 equal grace, force, fascination? ⁵Day, full-blown and splendid—Day of the immense  
 sun, action, ambition, laughter, The Night follows close, with millions of suns, and  
 sleep, and restoring darkness.   [ begin page 292 ]ppp.00473.292.jpg ⁶Wealth, with the flush hand, fine clothes, hospi- 
 tality; But then the Soul's wealth, which is candor, knowl- 
 edge, pride, enfolding love; (Who goes for men and women showing Poverty  
 richer than wealth?) ⁷(Expression of speech! in what is written or said,  
 forget not that Silence is also expressive, That anguish as hot as the hottest, and contempt as  
 cold as the coldest, may be without words.) ⁸Great is the Earth, and the way it became what it  
 is; Do you imagine it has stopt at this? the increase  
 abandon'd? Understand then that it goes as far onward from this,  
 as this is from the times when it lay in cover- 
 ing waters and gases, before man had appear'd. ⁹Great is the quality of Truth in man; The quality of truth in man supports itself through  
 all changes, It is inevitably in the man—he and it are in love, and  
 never leave each other. ¹⁰The truth in man is no dictum, it is vital as eye- 
 sight; If there be any Soul, there is truth—if there be man  
 or woman, there is truth—if there be physical  
 or moral, there is truth; If there be equilibrium or volition, there is truth—if  
 there be things at all upon the earth, there is  
 truth. ¹¹O truth of the earth! O truth of things! I am de- 
 termin to press my way toward you; Sound your voice! I scale mountains, or dive in the  
 sea after you.   [ begin page 293 ]ppp.00473.293.jpg ¹²Great is Language—it is the mightiest of the sci- 
 ences, It is the fulness, color, form, diversity of the earth,  
 and of men and women, and of all qualities  
 and processes; It is greater than wealth—it is greater than buildings,  
 ships, religions, paintings, music. ¹³Great is the English speech—what speech is so  
 great as the English? Great is the English brood—what brood has so vast a  
 destiny as the English ? It is the mother of the brood that must rule the earth  
 with the new rule; The new rule shall rule as the Soul rules, and as the  
 love, justice, equality in the Soul rule. ¹⁴Great is law—great are the old few land-marks of  
 the law, They are the same in all times, and shall not be dis- 
 turb. ¹⁵Great is Justice! Justice is not settled by legislators and laws—it is in  
 the Soul; It cannot be varied by statutes, any more than love,  
 pride, the attraction of gravity, can; It is immutable—it does not depend on majorities—  
 majorities or what not, come at last before the  
 same passionless and exact tribunal. ¹⁶For justice are the grand natural lawyers, and per- 
 fect judges—is it in their Souls; It is well assorted—they have not studied for nothing  
 —the great includes the less; They rule on the highest grounds—they oversee all  
 eras, states, administrations. L   [ begin page 294 ]ppp.00473.294.jpg ¹⁷The perfect judge fears nothing—he could go front  
 to front before God; Before the perfect judge all shall stand back—life and  
 death shall stand back—heaven and hell shall  
 stand back. ¹⁸Great is Life, real and mystical, wherever and who- 
 ever; Great is Death—sure as life holds all parts together,  
 Death holds all parts together. ¹⁹Has Life much purport?—Ah, Death has the greatest  
 purport.

NOW LIST TO MY MORNING'S ROMANZA.

¹NOW list to my morning's romanza; To the cities and farms I sing, as they spread in the  
 sunshine before me. ²A young man came to me bearing a message from  
 his brother; How should the young man know the whether and  
 when of his brother? Tell him to send me the signs. ³And I stood before the young man face to face, and  
 took his right hand in my left hand, and his left  
 hand in my right hand, And I answer'd for his brother, and for men, and I  
 answer'd for THE POET, and sent these signs. ⁴Him all wait for—him all yield up to—his word is  
 decisive and final,   [ begin page 295 ]ppp.00473.295.jpg Him they accept, in him lave, in him perceive them- 
 selves, as amid light, Him they immerse, and he immerses them. ⁵Beautiful women, the haughtiest nations, laws, the  
 landscape, people, animals, The profound earth and its attributes, and the unquiet  
 ocean, (so tell I my morning's romanza;) All enjoyments and properties, and money, and what- 
 ever money will buy, The best farms—others toiling and planting, and he  
 unavoidably reaps, The noblest and costliest cities—others grading and  
 building, and he domiciles there, Nothing for any one, but what is for him—near and  
 far are for him, the ships in the offing, The perpetual shows and marches on land, are for him,  
 if they are for any body. ⁶He puts things in their attitudes; He puts to-day out of himself, with plasticity and  
 love; He places his own city, times, reminiscences, parents,  
 brothers and sisters, associations, employment,  
 politics, so that the rest never shame them after- 
 ward, nor assume to command them. ⁷He is the answerer; What can be answer'd he answers—and what cannot  
 be answer'd, he shows how it cannot be answer'd. ⁸A man is a summons and challenge; (It is vain to skulk—Do you hear that mocking and  
 laughter? Do you hear the ironical echoes?) ⁹Books, friendships, philosophers, priests, action,  
 pleasure, pride, beat up and down, seeking to  
 give satisfaction;   [ begin page 296 ]ppp.00473.296.jpg He indicates the satisfaction, and indicates them that  
 beat up and down also. ¹⁰Whichever the sex, whatever the season or place, he  
 may go freshly and gently and safely, by day or  
 by night; He has the pass-key of hearts—to him the response  
 of the prying of hands on the knobs. ¹¹His welcome is universal—the flow of beauty is not  
 more welcome or universal than he is; The person he favors by day or sleeps with at night is  
 blessed. ¹²Every existence has its idiom—everything has an  
 idiom and tongue; He resolves all tongues into his own, and bestows it  
 upon men, and any man translates, and any man  
 translates himself also; One part does not counteract another part—he is the  
 joiner—he sees how they join. ¹³He says indifferently and alike, How are you, friend?  
 to the President at his levee, And he says, Good-day, my brother! to Cudge that  
 hoes in the sugar-field, And both understand him, and know that his speech  
 is right. ¹⁴He walks with perfect ease in the Capitol, He walks among the Congress, and one representative  
 says to another, Here is our equal, appearing and  
  new. ¹⁵Then the mechanics take him for a mechanic, And the soldiers suppose him to be a soldier, and the  
 sailors that he has follow'd the sea,   [ begin page 297 ]ppp.00473.297.jpg And the authors take him for an author, and the  
 artists for an artist, And the laborers perceive he could labor with them  
 and love them; No matter what the work is, that he is the one to  
 follow it, or has follow'd it, No matter what the nation, that he might find his  
 brothers and sisters there. ¹⁶The English believe he comes of their English  
 stock, A Jew to the Jew he seems—a Russ to the Russ—  
 usual and near, removed from none. ¹⁷Whoever he looks at in the traveler's coffee-house  
 claims him, The Italian or Frenchman is sure, and the German is  
 sure, and the Spaniard is sure, and the island  
 Cuban is sure; The engineer, the deck-hand on the great lakes, or on  
 the Mississippi, or St. Lawrence, or Sacramento,  
 or Hudson, or Paumanok Sound, claims him. ¹⁸The gentleman of perfect blood acknowledges his  
 perfect blood; The insulter, the prostitute, the angry person, the  
 beggar, see themselves in the ways of him—he  
 strangely transmutes them, They are not vile any more—they hardly know them- 
 selves, they are so grown.   [ begin page 298 ]ppp.00473.298.jpg

BURIAL.

1

¹TO think of it! To think of time—of all that retrospection! To think of to-day and the ages continued hence- 
 forward! ²Have you guess'd you yourself would not continue? Have you dreaded these earth-beetles? Have you fear'd the future would be nothing to you? ³Is to-day nothing? Is the beginningless past  
 nothing ? If the future is nothing, they are just as surely  
 nothing. ⁴To think that the sun rose in the east! that men  
 and women were flexible, real, alive! that every- 
 thing was alive! To think that you and I did not see, feel, think, nor  
 bear our part! To think that we are now here, and bear our part !

2

⁵Not a day passes—not a minute or second, without  
 an accouchement! Not a day passes—not a minute or second, without a  
 corpse! ⁶The dull nights go over, and the dull days also, The soreness of lying so much in bed goes over, The physician, after long putting off, gives the silent  
 and terrible look for an answer,   [ begin page 299 ]ppp.00473.299.jpg The children come hurried and weeping, and the  
 brothers and sisters are sent for, Medicines stand unused on the shelf—(the camphor- 
 smell has long pervaded the rooms,) The faithful hand of the living does not desert the  
 hand of the dying, The twitching lips press lightly on the forehead of the  
 dying, The breath ceases, and the pulse of the heart ceases, The corpse stretches on the bed, and the living look  
 upon it, It is palpable as the living are palpable. ⁷The living look upon the corpse with their eye- 
 sight, But without eye-sight lingers a different living, and  
 looks curiously on the corpse.

3

⁸To think that the rivers will flow, and the snow  
 fall, and fruits ripen, and act upon others as  
 upon us now—yet not act upon us! To think of all these wonders of city and country, 
 and others taking great interest in them—and  
 we taking no interest in them! ⁹To think how eager we are in building our houses! To think others shall be just as eager, and we quite  
 indifferent! ¹⁰I see one building the house that serves him a few  
 years, or seventy or eighty years at most, I see one building the house that serves him longer  
 than that. ¹¹Slow-moving and black lines creep over the whole  
 earth—they never cease—they are the burial  
 lines,   [ begin page 300 ]ppp.00473.300.jpg He that was President was buried, and he that is now  
 President shall surely be buried.

4

¹²Cold dash of waves at the ferry-wharf—posh and  
 ice in the river, half-frozen mud in the streets, 
 a gray discouraged sky overhead, the short last  
 daylight of Twelfth-month, A hearse and stages—other vehicles give place—the  
 funeral of an old Broadway stage-driver, the  
 cortege mostly drivers. ¹³Steady the trot to the cemetery, duly rattles the  
 death-bell, the gate is pass'd, the new-dug grave  
 is halted at, the living alight, the hearse un- 
 closes, The coffin is pass'd out, lower'd and settled, the whip  
 is laid on the coffin, the earth is swiftly shovel'd  
 in, The mound above is flatted with the spades—silence, A minute, no one moves or speaks—it is done, He is decently put away—is there anything more ? ¹⁴He was a good fellow, free-mouth'd, quick-temper'd, 
 not bad-looking, able to take his own part, 
 witty, sensitive to a slight, ready with life or  
 death for a friend, fond of women, gambled, ate  
 hearty, drank hearty, had known what it was to  
 be flush, grew low-spirited toward the last, 
 sicken'd, was help'd by a contribution, died, 
 aged forty-one years—and that was his funeral. ¹⁵Thumb extended, finger uplifted, apron, cape, gloves, 
 strap, wet-weather clothes, whip carefully  
 chosen, boss, spotter, starter, hostler, somebody  
 loafing on you, you loafing on somebody, head- 
 way, man before and man behind, good day's  
 work, bad day's work, pet stock, mean stock, 
 first out, last out, turning-in at night;   [ begin page 301 ]ppp.00473.301.jpg To think that these are so much and so nigh to other  
 drivers—and he there takes no interest in  
 them!

5

¹⁶The markets, the government, the working-man's  
 wages—to think what account they are through  
 our nights and days! To think that other working-men will make just as  
 great account of them—yet we make little or  
 no account! ¹⁷The vulgar and the refined—what you call sin, and  
 what you call goodness—to think how wide a  
 difference! To think the difference will still continue to others, 
 yet we lie beyond the difference. ¹⁸To think how much pleasure there is! Have you pleasure from looking at the sky? have you  
 pleasure from poems? Do you enjoy yourself in the city? or engaged in  
 business? or planning a nomination and elec- 
 tion? or with your wife and family? Or with your mother and sisters? or in womanly  
 house-work? or the beautiful maternal cares? These also flow onward to others—you and I flow  
 onward, But in due time you and I shall take less interest in  
 them. ¹⁹Your farm, profits, crops,—to think how engross'd  
 you are! To think there will still be farms, profits, crops—yet  
 for you, of what avail?

6

²⁰What will be, will be well—for what is, is well, To take interest is well, and not to take interest shall  
 be well. L2   [ begin page 302 ]ppp.00473.302.jpg ²¹The sky continues beautiful, The pleasure of men with women shall never be sated, 
 nor the pleasure of women with men, nor the  
 pleasure from poems, The domestic joys, the daily housework or business, 
 the building of houses—these are not phan- 
 tasms—they have weight, form, location; Farms, profits, crops, markets, wages, government, 
 are none of them phantasms, The difference between sin and goodness is no de- 
 lusion, The earth is not an echo—man and his life, and all the  
 things of his life, are well-consider'd. ²²You are not thrown to the winds—you gather cer- 
 tainly and safely around yourself; Yourself! Yourself! Yourself, forever and ever !

7

²³It is not to diffuse you that you were born of your  
 mother and father—it is to identify you, It is not that you should be undecided, but that you  
 should be decided; Something long preparing and formless is arrived and  
 form'd in you, You are henceforth secure, whatever comes or goes. ²⁴The threads that were spun are gathered, the weft  
 crosses the warp, the pattern is systematic. ²⁵The preparations have everyone been justified, The orchestra have sufficiently tuned their instru- 
 ments—the baton has given the signal. ²⁶The guest that was coming—he waited long, for  
 reasons—he is now housed, He is one of those who are beautiful and happy—he  
 is one of those that to look upon and be with  
 is enough.   [ begin page 303 ]ppp.00473.303.jpg ²⁷The law of the past cannot be eluded, The law of the present and future cannot be eluded, The law of the living cannot be eluded—it is eternal, The law of promotion and transformation cannot be  
 eluded, The law of heroes and good-doers cannot be eluded, The law of drunkards, informers, mean persons—not  
 one iota thereof can be eluded.

8

²⁸Slow moving and black lines go ceaselessly over the  
 earth, Northerner goes carried, and Southerner goes carried, 
 and they on the Atlantic side, and they on  
 the Pacific, and they between, and all through  
 the Mississippi country, and all over the earth. ²⁹The great masters and kosmos are well as they go  
 —the heroes and good-doers are well, The known leaders and inventors, and the rich own- 
 ers and pious and distinguish'd, may be well, But there is more account than that—there is strict  
 account of all. ³⁰The interminable hordes of the ignorant and  
 wicked are not nothing, The barbarians of Africa and Asia are not nothing, The common people of Europe are not nothing—  
 the American aborigines are not nothing, The infected in the immigrant hospital are not noth- 
 ing—the murderer or mean person is not  
 nothing, The perpetual successions of shallow people are not  
 nothing as they go, The lowest prostitute is not nothing—the mocker of  
 religion is not nothing as he goes.   [ begin page 304 ]ppp.00473.304.jpg

9

³¹I shall go with the rest—we have satisfaction, I have dream'd that we are not to be changed so  
 much, nor the law of us changed, I have dream'd that heroes and good-doers shall be  
 under the present and past law, And that murderers, drunkards, liars, shall be under  
 the present and past law, For I have dream'd that the law they are under now  
 is enough. ³²And I have dream'd that the satisfaction is not so  
 much changed, and that there is no life with- 
 out satisfaction: What is the earth? what are Body and Soul, without  
 satisfaction? ³³I shall go with the rest, We cannot be stopt at a given point—that is no satis- 
 faction, To show us a good thing, or a few good things, for a  
 space of time—that is no satisfaction, We must have the indestructible breed of the best, 
 regardless of time. ³⁴If otherwise, all these things came but to ashes of  
 dung, If maggots and rats ended us, then alarum! for we are  
 betray'd! Then indeed suspicion of death. ³⁵Do you suspect death? If I were to suspect death, 
 I should die now, Do you think I could walk pleasantly and well-suited  
 toward annihilation?

10

³⁶Pleasantly and well-suited I walk, Whither I walk I cannot define, but I know it is good,   [ begin page 305 ]ppp.00473.305.jpg The whole universe indicates that it is good, The past and the present indicate that it is good. ³⁷How beautiful and perfect are the animals! How  
 perfect is my Soul! How perfect the earth, and the minutest thing upon it! What is called good is perfect, and what is called bad  
 is just as perfect, The vegetables and minerals are all perfect, and the  
 imponderable fluids are perfect; Slowly and surely they have pass'd on to this, and  
 slowly and surely they yet pass on. ³⁸My Soul! if I realize you, I have satisfaction, Animals and vegetables! if I realize you, I have sat- 
 isfaction, Laws of the earth and air! if I realize you, I have  
 satisfaction. ³⁹I cannot define my satisfaction, yet it is so, I cannot define my life, yet it is so.

11

⁴⁰It comes to me now! I swear I think now that everything without excep- 
 tion has an eternal Soul! The trees have, rooted in the ground! the weeds of  
 the sea have! the animals! ⁴¹I swear I think there is nothing but immortality! That the exquisite scheme is for it, and the nebulous  
 float is for it, and the cohering is for it; And all preparation is for it! and identity is for it! 
 and life and death are altogether for it!   [ begin page 306 ]ppp.00473.306.jpg

THIS COMPOST!

¹SOMETHING startles me where I thought I was  
 safest; I withdraw from the still woods I loved; I will not go now on the pastures to walk; I will not strip the clothes from my body to meet my  
 lover the sea; I will not touch my flesh to the earth, as to other  
 flesh, to renew me. ²O how can the ground not sicken? How can you be alive, you growths of spring? How can you furnish health, you blood of herbs,  
 roots, orchards, grain? Are they not continually putting distemper'd corpses  
 in you? Is not every continent work'd over and over with sour  
 dead? ³Where have you disposed of their carcasses? Those drunkards and gluttons of so many genera- 
 tions; Where have you drawn off all the foul liquid and  
 meat? I do not see any of it upon you to-day—or perhaps I  
 am deceiv'd; I will run a furrow with my plough—I will press my  
 spade through the sod, and turn it up under- 
 neath; I am sure I shall expose some of the foul meat. ⁴Behold this compost! behold it well! Perhaps every mite has once form'd part of a sick  
 person—Yet behold! The grass covers the prairies, The bean bursts noiselessly through the mould in the  
 garden,   [ begin page 307 ]ppp.00473.307.jpg The delicate spear of the onion pierces upward, The apple-buds cluster together on the apple-branches, The resurrection of the wheat appears with pale visage  
 out of its graves, The tinge awakes over the willow-tree and the mul- 
 berry-tree, The he-birds carol mornings and evenings, while the  
 she-birds sit on their nests, The young of poultry break through the hatch'd eggs, The new-born of animals appear—the calf is dropt  
 from the cow, the colt from the mare, Out of its little hill faithfully rise the potato's dark  
 green leaves, Out of its hill rises the yellow maize-stalk; The summer growth is innocent and disdainful above  
 all those strata of sour dead. ⁵What chemistry! That the winds are really not infectious, That this is no cheat, this transparent green-wash of  
 the sea, which is so amorous after me, That it is safe to allow it to lick my naked body all  
 over with its tongues, That it will not endanger me with the fevers that  
 have deposited themselves in it, That all is clean forever and forever, That the cool drink from the well tastes so good, That blackberries are so flavorous and juicy, That the fruits of the apple-orchard, and of the  
 orange-orchard—that melons, grapes, peaches,  
 plums, will none of them poison me, That when I recline on the grass I do not catch any  
 disease, Though probably every spear of grass rises out of  
 what was once a catching disease. ⁶Now I am terrified at the earth! it is that calm and  
 patient, It grows such sweet things out of such corruptions,   [ begin page 308 ]ppp.00473.308.jpg It turns harmless and stainless on its axis, with such  
 endless successions of diseas'd corpses, It distils such exquisite winds out of such infused  
 fetor, It renews with such unwitting looks, its prodigal,  
 annual, sumptuous crops, It gives such divine materials to men, and accepts  
 such leavings from them at last.

I HEAR AMERICA SINGING.

I HEAR America singing, the varied carols I hear; Those of mechanics—each one singing his, as it  
 should be, blithe and strong; The carpenter singing his, as he measures his plank  
 or beam, The mason singing his, as he makes ready for work,  
 or leaves off work; The boatman singing what belongs to him in his boat  
 —the deck-hand singing on the steamboat  
 deck; The shoemaker singing as he sits on his bench—the  
 hatter singing as he stands; The wood-cutter's song—the ploughboy's, on his way  
 in the morning, or at the noon intermission, or  
 at sundown; The delicious singing of the mother—or of the young  
 wife at work—or of the girl sewing or washing  
 —Each singing what belongs to her, and to  
 none else; The day what belongs to the day—At night, the  
 party of young fellows, robust, friendly, Singing, with open mouths, their strong melodious  
 songs.   [ begin page 309 ]ppp.00473.309.jpg

Manhattan's Streets I Saunter'd, Pondering.

¹ MANHATTAN'S streets I saunter'd pondering, On time, space, reality—on such as these, and abreast  
 with them, prudence. ²After all, the last explanation remains to be made  
 about prudence, Little and large alike drop quietly aside from the pru- 
 dence that suits immortality. ³The Soul is of itself; All verges to it—all has reference to what ensues; All that a person does, says, thinks, is of consequence; Not a move can a man or woman make, that affects  
 him or her in a day, month, any part of the di- 
 rect life-time, or the hour of death, but the  
 same affects him or her onward afterward  
 through the indirect life-time. ⁴The indirect is just as much as the direct, The spirit receives from the body just as much as it  
 gives to the body, if not more. ⁵Not one word or deed—not venereal sore, discolor- 
 ation, privacy of the onanist, putridity of glut- 
 tons or rum-drinkers, peculation, cunning,  
 betrayal, murder, seduction, prostitution, but  
 has results beyond death, as really as before  
 death. ⁶Charity and personal force are the only investments  
 worth anything.   [ begin page 310 ]ppp.00473.310.jpg ⁷No specification is necessary—all that a male or fe- 
 male does, that is vigorous, benevolent, clean,  
 is so much profit to him or her, in the unshak- 
 able order of the universe, and through the  
 whole scope of it forever. ⁸Who has been wise, receives interest, Savage, felon, President, judge, farmer, sailor, me- 
 chanic, literat, young, old, it is the same, The interest will come round—all will come round. ⁹Singly, wholly, to affect now, affected their time,  
 will forever affect, all of the past, and all of the  
 present, and all of the future, All the brave actions of war and peace, All help given to relatives, strangers, the poor, old,  
 sorrowful, young children, widows, the sick, and  
 to shunned persons, All furtherance of fugitives, and of the escape of slaves, All self-denial that stood steady and aloof on wrecks,  
 and saw others fill the seats of the boats, All offering of substance or life for the good old cause,  
 or for a friend's sake, or opinion's sake, All pains of enthusiasts, scoffed at by their neighbors, All the limitless sweet love and precious suffering of  
 mothers, All honest men baffled in strifes recorded or unre- 
 corded, All the grandeur and good of ancient nations whose  
 fragments we inherit, All the good of the hundreds of ancient nations un- 
 known to us by name, date, location, All that was ever manfully begun, whether it suc- 
 ceeded or no, All suggestions of the divine mind of man, or the  
 divinity of his mouth, or the shaping of his  
 great hands;   [ begin page 311 ]ppp.00473.311.jpg All that is well thought or said this day on any part  
 of the globe—or on any of the wandering stars,  
 or on any of the fix'd stars, by those there as  
 we are here, All that is henceforth to be thought or done by you,  
 whoever you are, or by any one, These inure, have inured, shall inure, to the identities  
 from which they sprang, or shall spring. ¹⁰Did you guess anything lived only its moment? The world does not so exist—no parts palpable or  
 impalpable so exist, No consummation exists without being from some  
 long previous consummation—and that from  
 some other, Without the farthest conceivable one coming a bit  
 nearer the beginning than any. ¹¹Whatever satisfies Souls is true; Prudence entirely satisfies the craving and glut of  
 Souls; Itself only finally satisfies the Soul; The Soul has that measureless pride which revolts  
 from every lesson but its own. ¹²Now I give you an inkling; Now I breathe the word of the prudence that walks  
 abreast with time, space, reality, That answers the pride which refuses every lesson but  
 its own. ¹³What is prudence, is indivisible, Declines to separate one part of life from every part, Divides not the righteous from the unrighteous, or  
 the living from the dead, Matches every thought or act by its correlative, Knows no possible forgiveness or deputed atonement,   [ begin page 312 ]ppp.00473.312.jpg Knows that the young man who composedly peril'd  
 his life and lost it, has done exceedingly well  
 for himself, without doubt, That he who never peril'd his life, but retains it to  
 old age in riches and ease, has probably  
 achiev'd nothing for himself worth mentioning; Knows that only that person has really learn'd who  
 has learn'd to prefer results, Who favors Body and Soul the same, Who perceives the indirect assuredly following the  
 direct, Who in his spirit in any emergency whatever neither  
 hurries or avoids death.

I WAS LOOKING A LONG WHILE.

I WAS looking a long while for the history of the past  
 for myself, and for these chants—and now I  
 have found it; It is not in those paged fables in the libraries, (them  
 I neither accept nor reject;) It is no more in the legends than in all else; It is in the present—it is this earth to-day; It is in Democracy—in this America—the old world  
 also; It is the life of one man or one woman to-day, the  
 average man of to-day; It is languages, social customs, literatures, arts; It is the broad show of artificial things, ships, ma- 
 chinery, politics, creeds, modern improvements,  
 and the interchange of nations, All for the average man of to-day.   [ begin page 313 ]ppp.00473.313.jpg

THE INDICATIONS.

¹ THE indications, and tally of time; Perfect sanity shows the master among philosophs; Time, always without flaw, indicates itself in parts; What always indicates the poet, is the crowd of the  
 pleasant company of singers, and their words; The words of the singers are the hours or minutes of  
 the light or dark—but the words of the maker  
 of poems are the general light and dark; The maker of poems settles justice, reality, immor- 
 tality, His insight and power encircle things and the human  
 race, He is the glory and extract, thus far, of things, and  
 of the human race. ²The singers do not beget—only the POET begets; The singers are welcom'd, understood, appear often  
 enough—but rare has the day been, likewise  
 the spot, of the birth of the maker of poems, Not every century, or every five centuries, has con- 
 tain such a day, for all its names. ³The singers of successive hours of centuries may  
 have ostensible names, but the name of each of  
 them is one of the singers, The name of each is, eye-singer, ear-singer, head- 
 singer, sweet-singer, echo-singer, parlor-singer,  
 love-singer, or something else. ⁴All this time, and at all times, wait the words of  
 poems; The greatness of sons is the exuding of the greatness  
 of mothers and fathers,   [ begin page 314 ]ppp.00473.314.jpg The words of poems are the tuft and final applause of  
 science. ⁵Divine instinct, breadth of vision, the law of rea- 
 son, health, rudeness of body, withdrawnness,  
 gayety, sun-tan, air-sweetness—such are some  
 of the words of poems. ⁶The sailor and traveler underlie the maker of poems, The builder, geometer, chemist, anatomist, phrenolo- 
 gist, artist—all these underlie the maker of  
 poems. ⁷The words of the true poems give you more than  
 poems, They give you to form for yourself, poems, religions,  
 politics, war, peace, behavior, histories, essays,  
 romances, and everything else, They balance ranks, colors, races, creeds, and the  
 sexes, They do not seek beauty—they are sought, Forever touching them, or close upon them, follows  
 beauty, longing, fain, love-sick. ⁸They prepare for death—yet are they not the finish,  
 but rather the outset, They bring none to his or her terminus, or to be con- 
 tent and full; Whom they take, they take into space, to behold the  
 birth of stars, to behold one of the meanings, To launch off with absolute faith—to sweep through  
 the ceaseless rings, and never be quiet again.   [ begin page 315 ]ppp.00473.315.jpg

LEAVES OF GRASS.

1.

¹ ON the beach at night alone, As the old mother sways her to and fro, singing her  
 savage and husky song, As I watch the bright stars shining—I think a thought  
 of the clef of the universes, and of the future. ²A VAST SIMILITUDE interlocks all, All spheres, grown, ungrown, small, large, suns, moons, 
 planets, comets, asteroids, All the substances of the same, and all that is spiritual  
 upon the same, All distances of place, however wide, All distances of time—all inanimate forms, All Souls—all living bodies, though they be ever so  
 different, or in different worlds, All gaseous, watery, vegetable, mineral processes—the  
 fishes, the brutes, All men and women—me also; All nations, colors, barbarisms, civilizations, languages; All identities that have existed, or may exist, on this  
 globe, or any globe; All lives and deaths—all of the past, present, future; This vast similitude spans them, and always has  
 spann'd, and shall forever span them, and com- 
 pactly hold them.

2.

¹ TO ORATISTS—to male or female, Vocalism, breath, measure, concentration, determina- 
 tion, and the divine power to use words.   [ begin page 316 ]ppp.00473.316.jpg ²Are you full-lung'd and limber-lipp'd from long  
 trial? from vigorous practice? from physique? Do you move in these broad lands as broad as they? Come duly to the divine power to use words? ³For only at last, after many years—after chastity, 
 friendship, procreation, prudence, and naked- 
 ness; After treading ground and breasting river and lake; After a loosen'd throat—after absorbing eras, temper- 
 aments, races—after knowledge, freedom, 
 crimes; After complete faith—after clarifyings, elevations, and  
 removing obstructions; After these, and more, it is just possible there comes  
 to a man, a woman, the divine power to use  
 words. ⁴Then toward that man or that woman, swiftly hasten  
 all—None refuse, all attend; Armies, ships, antiquities, the dead, libraries, paintings, 
 machines, cities, hate, despair, amity, pain, theft, 
 murder, aspiration, form in close ranks; They debouch as they are wanted to march obediently  
 through the mouth of that man, or that woman. ⁵O I see arise orators fit for inland America; And I see it is as slow to become an orator as to be- 
 come a man; And I see that power is folded in a great vocalism. ⁶Of a great vocalism, the merciless light thereof shall  
 pour, and the storm rage, Every flash shall be a revelation, an insult, The glaring flame on depths, on heights, on suns, on  
 stars, On the interior and exterior of man or woman, On the laws of Nature—on passive materials,   [ begin page 317 ]ppp.00473.317.jpg On what you called death—(and what to you there- 
 fore was death, As far as there can be death.)

3.

¹ LAWS for Creations, For strong artists and leaders—for fresh broods of  
 teachers, and perfect literats for America, For diverse savans, and coming musicians. ²All must have reference to the ensemble of the  
 world, and the compact truth of the world; There shall be no subject too pronounced—All works  
 shall illustrate the divine law of indirections. ³What do you suppose creation is? What do you suppose will satisfy the Soul, except to  
 walk free, and own no superior? What do you suppose I have intimated to you in a  
 hundred ways, but that man or woman is as  
 good as God? And that there is no God any more divine than Your- 
 self? And that that is what the oldest and newest myths  
 finally mean? And that you or any one must approach Creations  
 through such laws?

4.

¹ POETS to come! Not to-day is to justify me, and Democracy, and what  
 we are for; M   [ begin page 318 ]ppp.00473.318.jpg But you, a new brood, native, athletic, continental, 
 greater than before known, You must justify me. ²I but write one or two indicative words for the  
 future, I but advance a moment, only to wheel and hurry back  
 in the darkness. ³I am a man who, sauntering along, without fully  
 stopping, turns a casual look upon you, and  
 then averts his face, Leaving it to you to prove and define it, Expecting the main things from you.

ME IMPERTURBE.

ME imperturbe, standing at ease in Nature, Master of all, or mistress of all—aplomb in the midst  
 of irrational things, Imbued as they—passive, receptive, silent as they, Finding my occupation, poverty, notoriety, foibles,  
 crimes, less important than I thought; Me private, or public, or menial, or solitary—all these  
 subordinate, (I am eternally equal with the  
 best—I am not subordinate;) Me toward the Mexican Sea, or in the Mannahatta,  
 or the Tennessee, or far north, or inland, A river-man, or a man of the woods, or of any farm- 
 life of These States, or of the coast, or the  
 lakes, or Kanada, Me, wherever my life is lived, O to be self-balanced  
 for contingencies! O to confront night, storms, hunger, ridicule, acci- 
 dents, rebuffs, as the trees and animals do.   [ begin page 319 ]ppp.00473.319.jpg

SLEEP-CHASINGS.

1

¹ I WANDER all night in my vision, Stepping with light feet, swiftly and noiselessly step- 
 ping and stopping, Bending with open eyes over the shut eyes of sleepers, Wandering and confused, lost to myself, ill-assorted, 
 contradictory, Pausing, gazing, bending, and stopping. ²How solemn they look there, stretch'd and still! How quiet they breathe, the little children in their  
 cradles! ³The wretched features of ennuyés, the white fea- 
 tures of corpses, the livid faces of drunkards, 
 the sick-gray faces of onanists, The gash'd bodies on battle-fields, the insane in their  
 strong-door'd rooms, the sacred idiots, the new- 
 born emerging from gates, and the dying emer- 
 ging from gates, The night pervades them and infolds them. ⁴The married couple sleep calmly in their bed—he  
 with his palm on the hip of the wife, and she  
 with her palm on the hip of the husband, The sisters sleep lovingly side by side in their bed, The men sleep lovingly side by side in theirs, And the mother sleeps, with her little child carefully  
 wrap't.   [ begin page 320 ]ppp.00473.320.jpg ⁵The blind sleep, and the deaf and dumb sleep, The prisoner sleeps well in the prison—the run-away  
 son sleeps; The murderer that is to be hung next day—how does  
 he sleep? And the murder'd person—how does he sleep? ⁶The female that loves unrequited sleeps, And the male that loves unrequited sleeps, The head of the money-maker that plotted all day  
 sleeps, And the enraged and treacherous dispositions—all, 
 all sleep.

2

⁷I stand in the dark with drooping eyes by the  
 worst-suffering and the most restless, I pass my hands soothingly to and fro a few inches  
 from them, The restless sink in their beds—they fitfully sleep. ⁸Now I pierce the darkness—new beings appear, The earth recedes from me into the night, I saw that it was beautiful, and I see that what is not  
 the earth is beautiful. ⁹I go from bedside to bedside—I sleep close with  
 the other sleepers, each in turn, I dream in my dream all the dreams of the other  
 dreamers, And I become the other dreamers.

3

¹⁰I am a dance—Play up, there! the fit is whirling  
 me fast! ¹¹I am the ever-laughing—it is new moon and twi- 
 light,   [ begin page 321 ]ppp.00473.321.jpg I see the hiding of douceurs—I see nimble ghosts  
 whichever way I look, Cache, and cache again, deep in the ground and sea, 
 and where it is neither ground or sea. ¹²Well do they do their jobs, those journeymen di- 
 vine, Only from me can they hide nothing, and would not  
 if they could, I reckon I am their boss, and they make me a pet  
 besides, And surround me and lead me, and run ahead when  
 I walk, To lift their cunning covers, to signify me with  
 stretch'd arms, and resume the way; Onward we move! a gay gang of blackguards! with  
 mirth-shouting music, and wild-flapping pen- 
 nants of joy! ¹³I am the actor, the actress, the voter, the politician; The emigrant and the exile, the criminal that stood  
 in the box, He who has been famous, and he who shall be famous  
 after to-day, The stammerer, the well-form'd person, the wasted or  
 feeble person. ¹⁴I am she who adorn'd herself and folded her hair  
 expectantly, My truant lover has come, and it is dark. ¹⁵Double yourself and receive me, darkness! Receive me and my lover too—he will not let me go  
 without him. ¹⁶I roll myself upon you, as upon a bed—I resign  
 myself to the dusk. ¹⁷He whom I call answers me, and takes the place of  
 my lover, He rises with me silently from the bed.   [ begin page 322 ]ppp.00473.322.jpg ¹⁸Darkness! you are gentler than my lover—his flesh  
 was sweaty and panting, I feel the hot moisture yet that he left me. ¹⁹My hands are spread forth, I pass them in all direc- 
 tions, I would sound up the shadowy shore to which you are  
 journeying. ²⁰Be careful, darkness! already, what was it touch'd  
 me? I thought my lover had gone, else darkness and he are  
 one, I hear the heart-beat—I follow, I fade away. ²¹O hot-cheek'd and blushing! O foolish hectic! O for pity's sake, no one must see me now! my clothes  
 were stolen while I was abed, Now I am thrust forth, where shall I run? ²²Pier that I saw dimly last night, when I look'd from  
 the windows! Pier out from the main, let me catch myself with you, 
 and stay—I will not chafe you, I feel ashamed to go naked about the world. ²³I am curious to know where my feet stand—and  
 what this is flooding me, childhood or manhood  
 —and the hunger that crosses the bridge  
 between. ²⁴The cloth laps a first sweet eating and drinking, Laps life-swelling yolks—laps ear of rose-corn, milky  
 and just ripen'd; The white teeth stay, and the boss-tooth advances in  
 darkness, And liquor is spill'd on lips and bosoms by touching  
 glasses, and the best liquor afterward.   [ begin page 323 ]ppp.00473.323.jpg

4

²⁵I descend my western course, my sinews are flaccid, Perfume and youth course through me, and I am their  
 wake. ²⁶It is my face yellow and wrinkled, instead of the  
 old woman's, I sit low in a straw-bottom chair, and carefully darn  
 my grandson's stockings. ²⁷It is I too, the sleepless widow, looking out on the  
 winter midnight, I see the sparkles of starshine on the icy and pallid  
 earth. ²⁸A shroud I see, and I am the shroud—I wrap a body, 
 and lie in the coffin, It is dark here under ground—it is not evil or pain  
 here—it is blank here, for reasons. ²⁹It seems to me that everything in the light and air  
 ought to be happy, Whoever is not in his coffin and the dark grave, let  
 him know he has enough.

5

³⁰I see a beautiful gigantic swimmer, swimming naked  
 through the eddies of the sea, His brown hair lies close and even to his head—he  
 strikes out with courageous arms—he urges  
 himself with his legs, I see his white body—I see his undaunted eyes, I hate the swift-running eddies that would dash him  
 head-foremost on the rocks. ³¹What are you doing, you ruffianly red-trickled waves? Will you kill the courageous giant? Will you kill him  
 in the prime of his middle age?   [ begin page 324 ]ppp.00473.324.jpg ³²Steady and long he struggles, He is baffled, bang'd, bruis'd—he holds out while his  
 strength holds out, The slapping eddies are spotted with his blood—they  
 bear him away—they roll him, swing him, turn  
 him, His beautiful body is borne in the circling eddies, it is  
 continually bruis'd on rocks, Swiftly and out of sight is borne the brave corpse.

6

³³I turn, but do not extricate myself, Confused, a past-reading, another, but with darkness  
 yet. ³⁴The beach is cut by the razory ice-wind—the wreck- 
 guns sound, The tempest lulls—the moon comes floundering  
 through the drifts. ³⁵I look where the ship helplessly heads end on—I  
 hear the burst as she strikes—I hear the howls  
 of dismay—they grow fainter and fainter. ³⁶I cannot aid with my wringing fingers, I can but rush to the surf, and let it drench me and  
 freeze upon me. ³⁷I search with the crowd—not one of the company is  
 wash'd to us alive; In the morning I help pick up the dead and lay them  
 in rows in a barn.

7

³⁸Now of the old war-days, the defeat at Brooklyn, Washington stands inside the lines—he stands on the  
 intrench'd hills, amid a crowd of officers,   [ begin page 325 ]ppp.00473.325.jpg His face is cold and damp—he cannot repress the  
 weeping drops, He lifts the glass perpetually to his eyes—the color is  
 blanch'd from his cheeks, He sees the slaughter of the southern braves confided  
 to him by their parents. ³⁹The same, at last and at last, when peace is declared, He stands in the room of the old tavern—the well- 
 beloved soldiers all pass through, The officers speechless and slow draw near in their  
 turns, The chief encircles their necks with his arm, and  
 kisses them on the cheek, He kisses lightly the wet cheeks one after another—  
 he shakes hands, and bids good-by to the army.

8

⁴⁰Now I tell what my mother told me to-day as we  
 sat at dinner together, Of when she was a nearly grown girl, living home  
 with her parents on the old homestead. ⁴¹A red squaw came one breakfast-time to the old  
 homestead, On her back she carried a bundle of rushes for rush- 
 bottoming chairs, Her hair, straight, shiny, coarse, black, profuse, half- 
 envelop her face, Her step was free and elastic, and her voice sounded  
 exquisitely as she spoke. ⁴²My mother look'd in delight and amazement at the  
 stranger, She look'd at the freshness of her tall-borne face, and  
 full and pliant limbs, The more she look'd upon her, she loved her, M2   [ begin page 326 ]ppp.00473.326.jpg Never before had she seen such wonderful beauty and  
 purity, She made her sit on a bench by the jamb of the fire- 
 place—she cook'd food for her, She had no work to give her, but she gave her re- 
 membrance and fondness. ⁴³The red squaw staid all the forenoon, and toward  
 the middle of the afternoon she went away, O my mother was loth to have her go away! All the week she thought of her—she watch'd for her  
 many a month, She remember'd her many a winter and many a  
 summer, But the squaw never came, nor was heard of there  
 again.

9

⁴⁴Now Lucifer was not dead—or if he was, I am his  
 sorrowful terrible heir; I have been wrong'd—I am oppress'd—I hate him  
 that oppresses me, I will either destroy him, or he shall release me. ⁴⁵Damn him! how he does defile me! How he informs against my brother and sister, and  
 takes pay for their blood! How he laughs when I look down the bend, after the  
 steamboat that carries away my woman! ⁴⁶Now the vast dusk bulk that is the whale's bulk, it  
 seems mine; Warily, sportsman! though I lie so sleepy and slug- 
 gish, the tap of my flukes is death.

10

⁴⁷A show of the summer softness! a contact of some- 
 thing unseen! an amour of the light and air!   [ begin page 327 ]ppp.00473.327.jpg I am jealous, and overwhelm'd with friendliness, And will go gallivant with the light and air myself, And have an unseen something to be in contact with  
 them also. ⁴⁸O love and summer! you are in the dreams, and in  
 me! Autumn and winter are in the dreams—the farmer  
 goes with his thrift, The droves and crops increase, and the barns are well- 
 fill. ⁴⁹Elements merge in the night—ships make tacks in  
 the dreams, The sailor sails—the exile returns home, The fugitive returns unharm'd—the immigrant is  
 back beyond months and years, The poor Irishman lives in the simple house of his  
 childhood, with the well-known neighbors and  
 faces, They warmly welcome him—he is barefoot again, he  
 forgets he is well off; The Dutchman voyages home, and the Scotchman and  
 Welshman voyage home, and the native of the  
 Mediterranean voyages home, To every port of England, France, Spain, enter well- 
 fill ships, The Swiss foots it to toward his hills—the Prussian goes  
 his way, the Hungarian his way, and the Pole  
 his way, The Swede returns, and the Dane and Norwegian re- 
 turn.

11

⁵⁰The homeward bound, and the outward bound, The beautiful lost swimmer, the ennuyé, the onanist, 
 the female that loves unrequited, the money- 
 maker,   [ begin page 328 ]ppp.00473.328.jpg The actor and actress, those through with their parts  
 and those waiting to commence, The affectionate boy, the husband and wife, the voter, 
 the nominee that is chosen, and the nominee  
 that has fail'd, The great already known, and the great any time  
 after to-day, The stammerer, the sick, the perfect-form'd, the  
 homely, The criminal that stood in the box, the judge that  
 sat and sentenced him, the fluent lawyers, the  
 jury, the audience, The laugher and weeper, the dancer, the midnight  
 widow, the red squaw, The consumptive, the erysipelite, the idiot, he that is  
 wrong'd, The antipodes, and every one between this and them  
 in the dark, I swear they are averaged now—one is no better than  
 the other, The night and sleep have liken'd them and restored  
 them. ⁵¹I swear they are all beautiful; Every one that sleeps is beautiful—everything in the  
 dim light is beautiful, The wi1dest and bloodiest is over, and all is peace. ⁵²Peace is always beautiful, The myth of heaven indicates peace and night. ⁵³The myth of heaven indicates the Soul; The Soul is always beautiful—it appears more or it  
 appears less—it comes, or it lags behind, It comes from its embower'd garden, and looks  
 pleasantly on itself, and encloses the world, Perfect and clean the genitals previously jetting, and  
 perfect and clean the womb cohering,   [ begin page 329 ]ppp.00473.329.jpg The head well-grown, proportion'd and plumb, and  
 the bowels and joints proportion'd and plumb. ⁵⁴The Soul is always beautiful, The universe is duly in order, everything is in its  
 place, What has arrived is in its place, and what waits is in  
 its place; The twisted skull waits, the watery or rotten blood  
 waits, The child of the glutton or venerealee waits long, and  
 the child of the drunkard waits long, and the  
 drunkard himself waits long, The sleepers that lived and died wait—the far ad- 
 vanced are to go on in their turns, and the far  
 behind are to come on in their turns, The diverse shall be no less diverse, but they shall  
 flow and unite—they unite now.

12

⁵⁵The sleepers are very beautiful as they lie unclothed, They flow hand in hand over the whole earth, from  
 east to west, as they lie unclothed, The Asiatic and African are hand in hand—the Eu- 
 ropean and American are hand in hand, Learn'd and unlearn'd are hand in hand, and male  
 and female are hand in hand, The bare arm of the girl crosses the bare breast of  
 her lover—they press close without lust—his  
 lips press her neck, The father holds his grown or ungrown son in his  
 arms with measureless love, and the son holds  
 the father in his arms with measureless love, The white hair of the mother shines on the white  
 wrist of the daughter, The breath of the boy goes with the breath of the  
 man, friend is inarm'd by friend, The scholar kisses the teacher, and the teacher kisses  
 the scholar—the wrong'd is made right,   [ begin page 330 ]ppp.00473.330.jpg The call of the slave is one with the master's call, and  
 the master salutes the slave, The felon steps forth from the prison—the insane  
 becomes sane—the suffering of sick persons is  
 reliev'd, The sweatings and fevers stop—the throat that was  
 unsound is sound—the lungs of the consump- 
 tive are resumed—the poor distres't head is  
 free, The joints of the rheumatic move as smoothly as ever, 
 and smoother than ever, Stiflings and passages open—the paralyzed become  
 supple, The swell'd and convuls'd and congested awake to  
 themselves in condition, They pass the invigoration of the night, and the  
 chemistry of the night, and awake.

13

⁵⁶I too pass from the night, I stay a while away, O night, but I return to you  
 again, and love you. ⁵⁷Why should I be afraid to trust myself to you? I am not afraid—I have been well brought forward by  
 you; I love the rich running day, but I do not desert her  
 in whom I lay so long. I know not how I came of you, and I know not where  
 I go with you—but I know I came well, and  
 shall go well. ⁵⁸I will stop only a time with the night, and rise be- 
 times; I will duly pass the day, O my mother, and duly  
 return to you.   [ begin page 331 ]ppp.00473.331.jpg

ELEMENTAL DRIFTS.

1

¹ELEMENTAL drifts! O I wish I could impress others as you and the waves  
 have just been impressing me. ²As I ebb'd with an ebb of the ocean of life, As I wended the shores I know, As I walk'd where the sea-ripples wash you, Pau- 
 manok, Where they rustle up, hoarse and sibilant, Where the fierce old mother endlessly cries for her  
 castaways, I, musing, late in the autumn day, gazing off south- 
 ward, Alone, held by this eternal self of me, out of the pride  
 of which I have utter'd my poems, Was seiz'd by the spirit that trails in the lines under- 
 foot, In the rim, the sediment, that stands for all the water  
 and all the land of the globe. ³Fascinated, my eyes, reverting from the south, 
 drop't, to follow those slender winrows, Chaff, straw, splinters of wood, weeds, and the sea- 
 gluten, Scum, scales from shining rocks, leaves of salt-lettuce, 
 left by the tide; Miles walking, the sound of breaking waves the other  
 side of me, Paumanok, there and then, as I thought the old  
 thought of likenesses,   [ begin page 332 ]ppp.00473.332.jpg These you presented to me, you fish-shaped island, As I wended the shores I know, As I walk'd with that eternal self of me, seeking  
 types.

2

⁴As I wend to the shores I know not, As I list to the dirge, the voices of men and women  
 wreck't, As I inhale the impalpable breezes that set in upon  
 me, As the ocean so mysterious rolls toward me closer  
 and closer, I, too, but signify, at the utmost, a little wash'd-up  
 drift, A few sands and dead leaves to gather, Gather, and merge myself as part of the sands and  
 drift. ⁵O baffled, balk'd, bent to the very earth, Opprest with myself that I have dared to open my  
 mouth, Aware now, that, amid all the blab whose echoes re- 
 coil upon me, I have not once had the least  
 idea who or what I am, But that before all my insolent poems, the real ME  
 stands yet untouch'd, untold, altogether un- 
 reach, Withdrawn far, mocking me with mock-congratu- 
 latory signs and bows, With peals of distant ironical laughter at every word  
 I have written, Pointing in silence to all these songs, and then to  
 the sand beneath. ⁶Now I perceive I have not understood anything—  
 not a single object—and that no man ever  
 can.   [ begin page 333 ]ppp.00473.333.jpg ⁷I perceive Nature, here in sight of the sea, is taking  
 advantage of me, to dart upon me, and sting  
 me, Because I have dared to open my mouth to sing at  
 all.

3

⁸You oceans both! I close with you; These little shreds shall, indeed, stand for all. ⁹You friable shore, with trails of debris! You fish-shaped island! I take what is underfoot; What is yours is mine, my father. ¹⁰I too Paumanok, I too have bubbled up, floated the measureless float, 
 and been wash'd on your shores; I too am but a trail of drift and debris, I too leave little wrecks upon you, you fish-shaped  
 island. ¹¹I throw myself upon your breast, my father, I cling to you so that you cannot unloose me, I hold you so firm, till you answer me something. ¹²Kiss me, my father, Touch me with your lips, as I touch those I love, Breathe to me, while I hold you close, the secret of  
 the wondrous murmuring I envy.

4

¹³Ebb, ocean of life, (the flow will return,) Cease not your moaning, you fierce old mother, Endlessly cry for your castaways—but fear not, deny  
 not me, Rustle not up so hoarse and angry against my feet, as  
 I touch you, or gather from you.   [ begin page 334 ]ppp.00473.334.jpg ¹⁴I mean tenderly by you, I gather for myself, and for this phantom, looking  
 down where we lead, and following me and  
 mine. ¹⁵Me and mine! We, loose winrows, little corpses, Froth, snowy white, and bubbles, (See! from my dead lips the ooze exuding at last! See—the prismatic colors, glistening and rolling!) Tufts of straw, sands, fragments, Buoy'd hither from many moods, one contradicting  
 another, From the storm, the long calm, the darkness, the  
 swell; Musing, pondering, a breath, a briny tear, a dab of  
 liquid or soil; Up just as much out of fathomless workings fer- 
 mented and thrown; A limp blossom or two, torn, just as much over waves  
 floating, drifted at random; Just as much for us that sobbing dirge of Nature; Just as much, whence we come, that blare of the  
 cloud-trumpets; We, capricious, brought hither, we know not whence, 
 spread out before you, You, up there, walking or sitting, Whoever you are—we too lie in drifts at your feet.   [ begin page 335 ]ppp.00473.335.jpg

MIRACLES.

¹ WHAT shall I give? and which are my miracles? ²Realism is mine—my miracles—Take freely, Take without end—I offer them to you wherever your  
 feet can carry you, or your eyes reach. ³Why! who makes much of a miracle? As to me, I know of nothing else but miracles, Whether I walk the streets of Manhattan, Or dart my sight over the roofs of houses toward the  
 sky, Or wade with naked feet along the beach, just in the  
 edge of the water, Or stand under trees in the woods, Or talk by day with any one I love—or sleep in the  
 bed at night with any one I love, Or sit at the table at dinner with my mother, Or look at strangers opposite me riding in the car, Or watch honey-bees busy around the hive, of a sum- 
 mer forenoon, Or animals feeding in the fields, Or birds—or the wonderfulness of insects in the air, Or the wonderfulness of the sun-down—or of stars  
 shining so quiet and bright, Or the exquisite, delicate, thin curve of the new-moon  
 in spring; Or whether I go among those I like best, and that  
 like me best—mechanics, boatmen, farmers, Or among the savans—or to the soiree—or to the  
 opera, Or stand a long while looking at the movements of  
 machinery, Or behold children at their sports, Or the admirable sight of the perfect old man, or the  
 perfect old woman,   [ begin page 336 ]ppp.00473.336.jpg Or the sick in hospitals, or the dead carried to burial, Or my own eyes and figure in the glass; These, with the rest, one and all, are to me miracles, The whole referring—yet each distinct and in its  
 place. ⁴To me, every hour of the light and dark is a  
 miracle, Every inch of space is a miracle, Every square yard of the surface of the earth is spread  
 with the same, Every cubic foot of the interior swarms with the same; Every spear of grass—the frames, limbs, organs, of  
 men and women, and all that concerns them, All these to me are unspeakably perfect miracles. ⁵To me the sea is a continual miracle; The fishes that swim—the rocks—the motion of the  
 waves—the ships, with men in them, What stranger miracles are there?

YOU FELONS ON TRIAL IN COURTS.

¹YOU felons on trial in courts; You convicts in prison-cells—you sentenced assassins,  
 chain'd and hand-cuff'd with iron; Who am I, too, that I am not on trial, or in prison? Me, ruthless and devilish as any, that my wrists are  
 not chain'd with iron, or my ankles with iron? ²You prostitutes flaunting over the trottoirs, or ob- 
 scene in your rooms, Who am I, that I should call you more obscene than  
 myself?   [ begin page 337 ]ppp.00473.337.jpg ³O culpable! O traitor! I acknowledge—I exposé! (O admirers! praise not me! compliment not me! you  
 make me wince, I see what you do not—I know what you do not;) Inside these breast-bones I lie smutch'd and choked; Beneath this face that appears so impassive, hell's  
 tides continually run; Lusts and wickedness are acceptable to me; I walk with delinquents with passionate love; I feel I am of them—I belong to those convicts and  
 prostitutes myself, And henceforth I will not deny them—for how can I  
 deny myself?

MEDIUMS.

THEY shall arise in the States; They shall report Nature, laws, physiology, and happi- 
 ness; They shall illustrate Democracy and the kosmos; They shall be alimentive, amative, perceptive; They shall be complete women and men—their pose  
 brawny and supple, their drink water, their  
 blood clean and clear; They shall enjoy materialism and the sight of products  
 —they shall enjoy the sight of the beef, lumber,  
 bread-stuffs, of Chicago, the great city; They shall train themselves to go in public to become  
 orators and oratresses; Strong and sweet shall their tongues be—poems and  
 materials of poems shall come from their lives  
 —they shall be makers and finders; Of them, and of their works, shall emerge divine  
 conveyers, to convey gospels;   [ begin page 338 ]ppp.00473.338.jpg Characters, events, retrospections, shall be convey'd  
 in gospels—Trees, animals, waters, shall be  
 convey'd, Death, the future, the invisible faith, shall all be con- 
 vey'd.

NOW LIFT ME CLOSE.

NOW lift me close to your face till I whisper, What you are holding is in reality no book, nor part  
 of a book; It is a man, flush'd and full-blooded—it is I—So long! —We must separate awhile—Here! take from my lips  
 this kiss; Whoever you are, I give it especially to you; So long!—And I hope we shall meet again. FINIS.   [ begin page 1a ]ppp.00473.339.jpg WALT WHITMAN'S DRUM-TAPS. New-York. 1865.   [ begin page 2a ]ppp.00473.340.jpg

ENTERED according to act of Congress, in the year 1865, by WALT WHITMAN, in the Clerk's Office of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York.

  [ begin page 3a ]ppp.00473.341.jpg

CONTENTS.

	PAGE
Drum-Taps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	5
Shut not your doors to me proud Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	8
Cavalry crossing a ford . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	8
Song of the Banner at Day-Break . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	9
By the bivouac's fitful flame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	16
1861 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	17
From Paumanok starting I fly like a bird . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	18
Beginning my studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	18
The Centenarian's Story . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	19
Pioneers! O Pioneers! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	25
Quicksand years that whirl me I know not whither . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	30
The Dresser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	31
When I heard the learn'd Astronomer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	34
Rise O Days from your fathomless deeps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	35
A child's amaze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	37
Beat! beat! drums! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	38
Come up from the fields, father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	39
City of ships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	41
Mother and babe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	41
Vigil strange I kept on the field one night . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	42
Bathed in war's perfume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	43
A march in the ranks hard-prest, and the road unknown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	44
Long, too long, O land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	45
A sight in camp in the day-break grey and dim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	46
A farm picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	46
Give me the splendid silent sun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	47
Over the carnage rose prophetic a voice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	49
Did you ask dulcet rhymes from me?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	50
Year of meteors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	51
The Torch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	52
Years of the unperform'd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	53
Year that trembled and reel'd beneath me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	54
The Veteran's vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	55
O tan-faced Prairie-boy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	56

  [ begin page 4a ]ppp.00473.342.jpg

Camps of green . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	57
As toilsome I wander'd Virginia's woods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	58
Hymn of dead soldiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	59
The ship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	60
A Broadway pageant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	61
Flag of stars, thick-sprinkled bunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	65
Old Ireland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	66
Look down fair moon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	66
Out of the rolling ocean, the crowd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	67
World, take good notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	67
I saw old General at bay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	68
Others may praise what they like . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	68
Solid, ironical, rolling orb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	68
Hush'd be the camps to-day. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	69
Weave in, weave in, my hardy soul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	69
Turn, O Libertad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	70
Bivouac on a mountain side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	70
Pensive on her dead gazing, I heard the mother of all . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	71
Not youth pertains to me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	72

  [ begin page 5a ]ppp.00473.343.jpg

DRUM-TAPS.

¹ FIRST, O songs, for a prelude, Lightly strike on the stretch'd tympanum, pride and joy  
 in my city, How she led the rest to arms—how she gave the cue, How at once with lithe limbs, unwaiting a moment, she  
 sprang; (O superb! O Manhattan, my own, my peerless! O strongest you in the hour of danger, in crisis! O  
 truer than steel!) How you sprang! how you threw off the costumes of  
 peace with indifferent hand; How your soft opera-music changed, and the drum and  
 fife were heard in their stead; How you led to the war, (that shall serve for our pre- 
 lude, songs of soldiers,) How Manhattan drum-taps led. ²Forty years had I in my city seen soldiers parading; Forty years as a pageant—till unawares, the Lady of  
 this teeming and turbulent city, Sleepless, amid her ships, her houses, her incalculable  
 wealth, With her million children around her—suddenly, At dead of night, at news from the south, Incens'd, struck with clench'd hand the pavement. ³A shock electric—the night sustain'd it; Till with ominous hum, our hive at day-break, pour'd  
 out its myriads.   [ begin page 6a ]ppp.00473.344.jpg ⁴From the houses then, and the workshops, and  
 through all the doorways, Leapt they tumultuous—and lo! Manhattan arming. ⁵To the drum-taps prompt, The young men falling in and arming; The mechanics arming, (the trowel, the jack-plane, the  
 blacksmith's hammer, tost aside with precipi- 
 tation;) The lawyer leaving his office, and arming—the judge  
 leaving the court; The driver deserting his wagon in the street, jumping  
 down, throwing the reins abruptly down on the  
 horses' backs; The salesman leaving the store—the boss, book-keeper,  
 porter, all leaving; Squads gathering everywhere by common consent, and  
 arming; The new recruits, even boys—the old men show them  
 how to wear their accoutrements—they buckle  
 the straps carefully; Outdoors arming—indoors arming—the flash of the  
 musket-barrels; The white tents cluster in camps—the arm'd sentries  
 around—the sunrise cannon, and again at sunset; Arm'd regiments arrive every day, pass through the  
 city, and embark from the wharves; (How good they look, as they tramp down to the river,  
 sweaty, with their guns on their shoulders! How I love them! how I could hug them, with their  
 brown faces, and their clothes and knapsacks cov- 
 er with dust!) The blood of the city up—arm'd! arm'd! the cry  
 everywhere; The flags flung out from the steeples of churches, and  
 from all the public buildings and stores; The tearful parting—the mother kisses her son—the  
 son kisses his mother; (Loth is the mother to part—yet not a word does she  
 speak to detain him;)   [ begin page 7a ]ppp.00473.345.jpg The tumultuous escort—the ranks of policemen preceed- 
 ing, clearing the way; The unpent enthusiasm—the wild cheers of the crowd  
 for their favorites; The artillery—the silent cannons, bright as gold, drawn  
 along, rumble lightly over the stones; (Silent cannons—soon to cease your silence! Soon, unlimber'd, to begin the red business;) All the mutter of preparation—all the determin'd  
 arming; The hospital service—the lint, bandages, and medi- 
 cines; The women volunteering for nurses—the work begun  
 for, in earnest—no mere parade now; War! an arm'd race is advancing!—the welcome for  
 battle—no turning away; War! be it weeks, months, or years—an arm'd race is  
 advancing to welcome it. ⁶Mannahatta a-march!—and it's O to sing it well! It's O for a manly life in the camp! ⁷And the sturdy artillery! The guns, bright as gold—the work for giants—to  
 serve well the guns: Unlimber them! no more, as the past forty years, for  
 salutes for courtesies merely; Put in something else now besides powder and wadding. ⁸And you, Lady of Ships! you Mannahatta! Old matron of the city! this proud, friendly, turbulent  
 city! Often in peace and wealth you were pensive, or covertly  
 frown'd amid all your children; But now you smile with joy, exulting old Mannahatta!   [ begin page 8a ]ppp.00473.346.jpg

SHUT NOT YOUR DOORS TO ME 
  PROUD LIBRARIES.

SHUT not your doors to me, proud libraries, For that which was lacking among you all, yet needed  
 most, I bring; A book I have made for your dear sake, O soldiers, And for you, O soul of man, and you, love of comrades; The words of my book nothing, the life of it every- 
 thing; A book separate, not link'd with the rest, nor felt by  
 the intellect; But you will feel every word, O Libertad! arm'd  
 Libertad! It shall pass by the intellect to swim the sea, the air, With joy with you, O soul of man.

CAVALRY CROSSING A FORD.

A LINE in long array, where they wind betwixt green  
 islands; They take a serpentine course—their arms flash in the  
 sun—Hark to the musical clank; Behold the silvery river—in it the splashing horses,  
 loitering, stop to drink; Behold the brown-faced men—each group, each person,  
 a picture—the negligent rest on the saddles; Some emerge on the opposite bank—others are just  
 entering the ford; The guidon flags flutter gaily in the wind.   [ begin page 9a ]ppp.00473.347.jpg

SONG 
  OF 
  THE BANNER AT DAY-BREAK.

POET.

¹ O A new song, a free song, Flapping, flapping, flapping, flapping, by sounds, by  
 voices clearer, By the wind's voice and that of the drum, By the banner's voice, and child's voice, and sea's voice, 
 and father's voice, Low on the ground and high in the air, On the ground where father and child stand, In the upward air where their eyes turn, Where the banner at day-break is flapping. ²Words! book-words! what are you? Words no more, for hearken and see, My song is there in the open air—and I must sing, With the banner and pennant a-flapping. ³I'll weave the chord and twine in, Man's desire and babe's desire—I'll twine them in, I'll  
 put in life; I'll put the bayonet's flashing point—I'll let bullets and  
 slugs whizz; I'll pour the verse with streams of blood, full of volition, 
 full of joy; Then loosen, launch forth, to go and compete, With the banner and pennant a-flapping.   [ begin page 10a ]ppp.00473.348.jpg

BANNER AND PENNANT.

⁴Come up here, bard, bard; Come up here, soul, soul; Come up here, dear little child, To fly in the clouds and winds with us, and play with  
 the measureless light.

CHILD.

⁵Father, what is that in the sky beckoning to me with  
 long finger? And what does it say to me all the while?

FATHER.

⁶Nothing, my babe, you see in the sky; And nothing at all to you it says. But look you, my  
 babe, Look at these dazzling things in the houses, and see you  
 the money-shops opening; And see you the vehicles preparing to crawl along the  
 streets with goods: These! ah, these! how valued and toil'd for, these! How envied by all the earth!

POET.

⁷Fresh and rosy red, the sun is mounting high; On floats the sea in distant blue, careering through its  
 channels; On floats the wind over the breast of the sea, setting in  
 toward land; The great steady wind from west and west-by-south, Floating so buoyant, with milk-white foam on the waters. ⁸But I am not the sea, nor the red sun; I am not the wind, with girlish laughter; Not the immense wind which strengthens—not the  
 wind which lashes; Not the spirit that ever lashes its own body to terror and  
 death:   [ begin page 11a ]ppp.00473.349.jpg But I am of that which unseen comes and sings, sings, 
 sings, Which babbles in brooks and scoots in showers on the  
 land; Which the birds know in the woods, mornings and  
 evenings, And the shore-sands know, and the hissing wave, and  
 that banner and pennant, Aloft there flapping and flapping.

CHILD.

⁹O father, it is alive—it is full of people—it has  
 children! O now it seems to me it is talking to its children! I hear it—it talks to me—O it is wonderful! O it stretches—it spreads and runs so fast! O my  
 father, It is so broad, it covers the whole sky!

FATHER.

¹⁰Cease, cease, my foolish babe, What you are saying is sorrowful to me—much it dis- 
 pleases me; Behold with the rest, again I say—behold not banners  
 and pennants aloft; But the well-prepared pavements behold—and mark  
 the solid-wall'd houses.

BANNER AND PENNANT.

¹¹Speak to the child, O bard, out of Manhattan; Speak to our children all, or north or south of Manhat- 
 tan, Where our factory-engines hum, where our miners  
 delve the ground, Where our hoarse Niagara rumbles, where our prairie- 
 plows are plowing; Speak, O bard! point this day, leaving all the rest, to  
 us over all—and yet we know not why; For what are we, mere strips of cloth, profiting nothing, Only flapping in the wind?   [ begin page 12a ]ppp.00473.350.jpg

POET.

¹²I hear and see not strips of cloth alone; I hear the tramp of armies, I hear the challenging  
 sentry; I hear the jubilant shouts of millions of men—I hear  
 LIBERTY! I hear the drums beat, and the trumpets blowing; I myself move abroad, swift-rising, flying then; I use the wings of the land-bird, and use the wings of  
 the sea-bird, and look down as from a height; I do not deny the precious results of peace—I see pop- 
 ulous cities, with wealth incalculable; I see numberless farms—I see the farmers working in  
 their fields or barns; I see mechanics working—I see buildings everywhere  
 founded, going up, or finish'd; I see trains of cars swiftly speeding along railroad  
 tracks, drawn by the locomotives; I see the stores, depots, of Boston, Baltimore, Charles- 
 ton, New Orleans; I see far in the west the immense area of grain—I  
 dwell awhile, hovering; I pass to the lumber forests of the north, and again  
 to the southern plantation, and again to Cali- 
 fornia; Sweeping the whole, I see the countless profit, the  
 busy gatherings, earned wages; See the identity formed out of thirty-six spacious and  
 haughty States, (and many more to come;) See forts on the shores of harbors—see ships sailing in  
 and out; Then over all, (aye! aye!) my little and lengthen'd pen- 
 nant shaped like a sword, Runs swiftly up, indicating war and defiance—And now  
 the halyards have rais'd it, Side of my banner broad and blue—side of my starry  
 banner, Discarding peace over all the sea and land.   [ begin page 13a ]ppp.00473.351.jpg

BANNER AND PENNANT.

¹³Yet louder, higher, stronger, bard! yet farther, 
 wider cleave! No longer let our children deem us riches and peace  
 alone; We can be terror and carnage also, and are so now; Not now are we one of these spacious and haughty  
 States, (nor any five, nor ten;) Nor market nor depot are we, nor money-bank in the  
 city; But these, and all, and the brown and spreading land, 
 and the mines below, are ours; And the shores of the sea are ours, and the rivers great  
 and small; And the fields they moisten are ours, and the crops and  
 the fruits are ours; Bays and channels, and ships sailing in and out, are ours  
 —and we over all, Over the area spread below, the three millions of square  
 miles—the capitals, The thirty-five millions of people—O bard! in life and  
 death supreme, We, even we, from this day flaunt out masterful, high  
 up above, Not for the present alone, for a thousand years, chant- 
 ing through you, This song to the soul of one poor little child.

CHILD.

¹⁴O my father, I like not the houses; They will never to me be anything—nor do I like  
 money; But to mount up there I would like, O father dear—  
 that banner I like; That pennant I would be, and must be.

FATHER.

¹⁵Child of mine, you fill me with anguish; To be that pennant would be too fearful;   [ begin page 14a ]ppp.00473.352.jpg Little you know what it is this day, and henceforth  
 forever; It is to gain nothing, but risk and defy everything; Forward to stand in front of wars—and O, such wars! 
 —what have you to do with them? With passions of demons, slaughter, premature death?

POET.

¹⁶Demons and death then I sing; Put in all, aye all, will I—sword-shaped pennant for  
 war, and banner so broad and blue, And a pleasure new and extatic, and the prattled yearn- 
 ing of children, Blent with the sounds of the peaceful land, and the  
 liquid wash of the sea; And the icy cool of the far, far north, with rustling  
 cedars and pines; And the whirr of drums, and the sound of soldiers  
 marching, and the hot sun shining south; And the beach-waves combing over the beach on my  
 eastern shore, and my western shore the same; And all between those shores, and my ever running  
 Mississippi, with bends and chutes; And my Illinois fields, and my Kansas fields, and my  
 fields of Missouri; The CONTINENT—devoting the whole identity, without  
 reserving an atom, Pour in! whelm that which asks, which sings, with all, 
 and the yield of all.

BANNER AND PENNANT.

¹⁷Aye all! for ever, for all! From sea to sea, north and south, east and west, Fusing and holding, claiming, devouring the whole; No more with tender lip, nor musical labial sound, But, out of the night emerging for good, our voice per- 
 suasive no more, Croaking like crows here in the wind.   [ begin page 15a ]ppp.00473.353.jpg

POET. 
  (Finale.)

¹⁸My limbs, my veins dilate; The blood of the world has fill'd me full—my theme is  
 clear at last : —Banner so broad, advancing out of the night, I sing  
 you haughty and resolute; I burst through where I waited long, too long, deafen'd  
 and blinded; My sight, my hearing and tongue, are come to me, (a  
 little child taught me;) I hear from above, O pennant of war, your ironical call  
 and demand; Insensate! insensate! (yet I at any rate chant you,) O  
 banner! Not houses of peace are you, nor any nor all their pros- 
 perity, (if need be, you shall have every one of  
 those houses to destroy them; You thought not to destroy those valuable houses, stand- 
 ing fast, full of comfort, built with money; May they stand fast, then? Not an hour, unless you, 
 above them and all, stand fast;) —O banner! not money so precious are you, nor farm  
 produce you, nor the material good nutriment, Nor excellent stores, nor landed on wharves from the  
 ships; Not the superb ships, with sail-power or steam-power, 
 fetching and carrying cargoes, Nor machinery, vehicles, trade, nor revenues,—But  
 you, as henceforth I see you, Running up out of the night, bringing your cluster of  
 stars, (ever-enlarging stars;) Divider of day-break you, cutting the air, touch'd by  
 the sun, measuring the sky, (Passionately seen and yearn'd for by one poor little  
 child, While others remain busy, or smartly talking, forever  
 teaching thrift, thrift;) O you up there! O pennant! where you undulate like  
 a snake, hissing so curious,   [ begin page 16a ]ppp.00473.354.jpg Out of reach—an idea only—yet furiously fought for, 
 risking bloody death—loved by me! So loved! O you banner leading the day, with stars  
 brought from the night! Valueless, object of eyes, over all and demanding all—  
 O banner and pennant! I too leave the rest—great as it is, it is nothing—  
 houses, machines are nothing—I see them not; I see but you, O warlike pennant! O banner so broad, 
 with stripes, I sing you only, Flapping up there in the wind.

BY THE BIVOUAC'S FITFUL FLAME.

BY the bivouac's fitful flame, A procession winding around me, solemn and sweet and  
 slow;—but first I note, The tents of the sleeping army, the fields' and woods'  
 dim outline, The darkness, lit spots of kindled fire—the silence; Like a phantom far or near an occasional figure moving; The shrubs and trees, (as I left my eyes they seem to be  
 stealthily watching me;) While wind in procession thoughts, O tender and  
 wond'rous thoughts, Of life and death—of home and the past and loved,  
 and of those that are far away; A solemn and slow procession there as I sit on the  
 ground, By the bivouac's fitful flame.   [ begin page 17a ]ppp.00473.355.jpg

1861.

ARM'D year! year of the struggle! No dainty rhymes or sentimental love verses for you,  
 terrible year! Not you as some pale poetling, seated at a desk, lisp- 
 ing cadenzas piano; But as a strong man, erect, clothed in blue clothes,  
 advancing, carrying a rifle on your shoulder, With well-gristled body and sunburnt face and hands—  
 with a knife in the belt at your side, As I heard you shouting loud—your sonorous voice  
 ringing across the continent; Your masculine voice, O year, as rising amid the great  
 cities, Amid the men of Manhattan I saw you, as one of the  
 workmen, the dwellers in Manhattan; Or with large steps crossing the prairies out of Illinois  
 and Indiana, Rapidly crossing the West with springy gait, and de- 
 scending the Alleghanies; Or down from the great lakes, or in Pennsylvania, or on  
 deck along the Ohio river; Or southward along the Tennessee or Cumberland rivers,  
 or at Chattanooga on the mountain top, Saw I your gait and saw I your sinewy limbs, clothed  
 in blue, bearing weapons, robust year; Heard your determin'd voice, launch'd forth again and  
 again; Year that suddenly sang by the mouths of the round  
 lipp'd cannon, I repeat you, hurrying, crashing, sad, distracted year.   [ begin page 18a ]ppp.00473.356.jpg

FROM PAUMANOK STARTING I FLY 
  LIKE A BIRD.

FROM Paumanok starting, I fly like a bird, Around and around to soar, to sing the idea of all; To the north betaking myself, to sing there arctic songs, To Kanada, 'till I absorb Kanada in myself—to Michi- 
 gan then, To Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota, to sing their songs,  
 (they are inimitable;) Then to Ohio and Indiana to sing theirs—to Missouri  
 and Kansas and Arkansas to sing theirs, To Tennessee and Kentucky—to the Carolinas and  
 Georgia, to sing theirs, To Texas, and so along up toward California, to roam  
 accepted everywhere; To sing first, (to the tap of the war-drum, if need be,) The idea of all—of the western world, one and insep- 
 arable, And then the song of each member of These States.

BEGINNING MY STUDIES.

BEGINNING my studies, the first step pleas'd me so much, The mere fact, consciousness—these forms—the pow- 
 er of motion, The least insect or animal—the senses—eyesight; The first step, I say, aw'd me and pleas'd me so much, I have never gone, and never wish'd to go, any farther, But stop and loiter all my life, to sing it in extatic songs.   [ begin page 19a ]ppp.00473.357.jpg

THE 
  CENTENARIAN'S STORY.

VOLUNTEER OF 1861, 
  (At Washington Park, Brooklyn, assisting the Centenarian.)

¹Give me your hand, old Revolutionary; The hill-top is nigh—but a few steps, (make room, 
 gentlemen;) Up the path you have follow'd me well, spite of your  
 hundred and extra years; You can walk, old man, though your eyes are almost  
 done; Your faculties serve you, and presently I must have  
 them serve me. ²Rest, while I tell what the crowd around us means; On the plain below, recruits are drilling and exercising; There is the camp—one regiment departs to morrow; Do you hear the officers giving the orders? Do you hear the clank of the muskets? ³Why, what comes over you now, old man? Why do you tremble, and clutch my hand so convul- 
 sively? The troops are but drilling—they are yet surrounded  
 with smiles; Around them at hand, the well drest friends and the  
 women; While splendid and warm the afternoon sun shines  
 down;   [ begin page 20a ]ppp.00473.358.jpg Green the midsummer verdure, and fresh blows the dal- 
 lying breeze, O'er proud and peaceful cities, and arm of the sea be- 
 tween. ⁴But drill and parade are over—they march back to  
 quarters; Only hear that approval of hands! hear what a clap- 
 ping! ⁵As wending, the crowds now part and disperse—but  
 we, old man, Not for nothing have I brought you hither—we must  
 remain; You to speak in your turn, and I to listen and tell.

THE CENTENARIAN.

⁶When I clutch'd your hand, it was not with terror; But suddenly, pouring about me here, on every side, And below there where the boys were drilling, and up  
 the slopes they ran, And where tents are pitch'd, and wherever you see, 
 south and south-east and south-west, Over hills, across lowlands, and in the skirts of woods, And along the shores, in mire (now fill'd over,) came  
 again, and suddenly raged, As eighty-five years a-gone, no mere parade receiv'd  
 with applause of friends, But a battle, which I took part in myself—aye, long ago  
 as it is, I took part in it, Walking then this hill-top, this same ground. ⁷Aye, this is the ground; My blind eyes, even as I speak, behold it re-peopled  
 from graves: The years recede, pavements and stately houses disap- 
 pear:   [ begin page 21a ]ppp.00473.359.jpg Rude forts appear again, the old hoop'd guns are  
 mounted; I see the lines of rais'd earth stretching from river to  
 bay; I mark the vista of waters, I mark the uplands and  
 slopes: Here we lay encamp'd—it was this time in summer also. ⁸As I talk, I remember all—I remember the Declara- 
 tion: It was read here—the whole army paraded—it was  
 read to us here; By his staff surrounded, the general stood in the mid- 
 dle—he held up his unsheath'd sword, It glitter'd in the sun in full sight of the army. ⁹'Twas a bold act then; The English war ships had just arrived—the king had  
 sent them from over the sea; We could watch down the lower bay where they lay at  
 anchor, And the transports, swarming with soldiers. ¹⁰A few days more, and they landed—and then the  
 battle. ¹¹Twenty thousand were brought against us, A veteran force, furnish'd with good artillery. ¹²I tell not now the whole of the battle; But one brigade, early in the forenoon, order'd forward  
 to engage the red-coats; Of that brigade I tell, and how steadily it march'd, And how long and how well it stood, confronting death. ¹³Who do you think that was, marching steadily, stern- 
 ly confronting death? It was the brigade of the youngest men, two thousand  
 strong,   [ begin page 22a ]ppp.00473.360.jpg Rais'd in Virginia and Maryland, and many of them  
 known personally to the General. ¹⁴Jauntily forward they went with quick step toward  
 Gowanus' waters; Till of a sudden, unlook'd for, by defiles through the  
 woods, gain'd at night, The British advancing, wedging in from the east, 
 fiercely playing their guns, That brigade of the youngest was cut off, and at the  
 enemy's mercy. ¹⁵The General watch'd them from this hill; They made repeated desperate attempts to burst their  
 environment; Then drew close together, very compact, their flag  
 flying in the middle; But O from the hills how the cannon were thinning and  
 thinning them! ¹⁶It sickens me yet, that slaughter! I saw the moisture gather in drops on the face of the  
 General; I saw how he wrung his hands in anguish. ¹⁷Meanwhile the British maneuver'd to draw us out  
 for a pitch'd battle; But we dared not trust the chances of a pitch'd battle. ¹⁸We fought the fight in detachments; Sallying forth, we fought at several points—but in each  
 the luck was against us; Our foe advancing, steadily getting the best of it, push'd  
 us back to the works on this hill; Till we turn'd menacing, here, and then he left us. ¹⁹That was the going out of the brigade of the young- 
 est men, two thousand strong; Few return'd—nearly all remain in Brooklyn.   [ begin page 23a ]ppp.00473.361.jpg ²⁰That, and here, my General's first battle; No women looking on, nor sunshine to bask in—it  
 did not conclude with applause; Nobody clapp'd hands here then. ²¹But in darkness, in mist, on the ground, under a  
 chill rain, Wearied that night we lay, foil'd and sullen; While scornfully laugh'd many an arrogant lord, off  
 against us encamp'd, Quite within hearing, feasting, klinking wine-glasses  
 together over their victory. ²²So, dull and damp and another day; But the night of that, mist lifting, rain ceasing, Silent as a ghost, while they thought they were sure of  
 him, my General retreated. ²³I saw him at the river-side, Down by the ferry, lit by torches, hastening the embar- 
 cation; My General waited till the soldiers and wounded were  
 all pass'd over; And then, (it was just ere sunrise,) these eyes rested on  
 him for the last time. ²⁴Every one else seem'd fill'd with gloom; Many no doubt thought of capitulation. ²⁵But when my General pass'd me, As he stood in his boat, and look'd toward the coming  
 sun, I saw something different from capitulation.

TERMINUS.

²⁶Enough—the Centenarian's story ends; The two, the past and present, have interchanged; I myself, as connecter, as chansonnier of a great future, 
 am now speaking.   [ begin page 24a ]ppp.00473.362.jpg ²⁷And is this the ground Washington trod? And these waters I listlessly daily cross, are these the  
 waters he cross'd, As resolute in defeat, as other generals in their proudest  
 triumphs? ²⁸It is well—a lesson like that, always comes good; I must copy the story, and send it eastward and west- 
 ward; I must preserve that look, as it beam'd on you, rivers of  
 Brooklyn. ²⁹See! as the annual round returns, the phantoms  
 return; It is the 27th of August, and the British have landed; The battle begins, and goes against us—behold! through  
 the smoke Washington's face; The brigade of Virginia and Maryland have march'd  
 forth to intercept the enemy; They are cut off—murderous artillery from the hills  
 plays upon them; Rank after rank falls, while over them silently droops  
 the flag, Baptized that day in many a young man's bloody  
 wounds, In death, defeat, and sisters', mothers' tears. ³⁰Ah, hills and slopes of Brooklyn! I perceive you  
 are more valuable than your owners supposed; Ah, river! henceforth you will be illumin'd to me at  
 sunrise with something besides the sun. ³¹Encampments new! in the midst of you stands an  
 encampment very old; Stands forever the camp of the dead brigade.   [ begin page 25a ]ppp.00473.363.jpg

PIONEERS! 
  O PIONEERS!

1

COME, my tan-faced children, Follow well in order, get your weapons ready; Have you your pistols? have you your sharp edged  
 axes?  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

2

For we cannot tarry here, We must march my darlings, we must bear the brunt of  
 danger, We, the youthful sinewy races, all the rest on us depend,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

3

O you youths, western youths, So impatient, full of action, full of manly pride and  
 friendship, Plain I see you, western youths, see you tramping with  
 the foremost,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

4

Have the elder races halted? Do they droop and end their lesson, wearied, over there  
 beyond the seas? We take up the task eternal, and the burden, and the  
 lesson,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!   [ begin page 26a ]ppp.00473.364.jpg

5

All the past we leave behind; We debouch upon a newer, mightier world, varied  
 world; Fresh and strong the world we seize, world of labor and  
 the march,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

6

We detachments steady throwing, Down the edges, through the passes, up the mountains  
 steep, Conquering, holding, daring, venturing, as we go, the  
 unknown ways,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

7

We primeval forests felling, We the rivers stemming, vexing we, and piercing deep  
 the mines within; We the surface broad surveying, and the virgin soil up- 
 heaving,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

8

Colorado men are we, From the peaks gigantic, from the great sierras and the  
 high plateaus, From the mine and from the gully, from the hunting  
 trail we come,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

9

From Nebraska, from Arkansas, Central inland race are we, from Missouri, with the con- 
 tinental blood intervein'd; All the hands of comrades clasping, all the Southern, all  
 the Northern,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!   [ begin page 27a ]ppp.00473.365.jpg

10

O resistless, restless race! O beloved race in all! O my breast aches with tender  
 love for all! O I mourn and yet exult—I am rapt with love for all,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

11

Raise the mighty mother mistress, Waving high the delicate mistress, over all the starry  
 mistress, (bend your heads all,) Raise the fang'd and warlike mistress, stern, impassive,  
 weapon'd mistress,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

12

See, my children, resolute children, By those swarms upon our rear, we must never yield or  
 falter, Ages back in ghostly millions, frowning there behind us  
 urging,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

13

On and on, the compact ranks, With accessions ever waiting, with the places of the  
 dead quickly fill'd, Through the battle, through defeat, moving yet and  
 never stopping,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

14

O to die advancing on! Are there some of us to droop and die? has the hour  
 come? Then upon the march we fittest die, soon and sure the  
 gap is fill'd,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!   [ begin page 28a ]ppp.00473.366.jpg

15

All the pulses of the world, Falling in, they beat for us, with the western movement  
 beat; Holding single or together, steady moving, to the front,  
 all for us,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

16

Life's involv'd and varied pageants, All the forms and shows, all the workmen at their  
 work, All the seamen and the landsmen, all the masters with  
 their slaves,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

17

All the hapless silent lovers, All the prisoners in the prisons, all the righteous and  
 the wicked, All the joyous, all the sorrowing, all the living, all the  
 dying,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

18

I too with my soul and body, We, a curious trio, picking, wandering on our way, Through these shores, amid the shadows, with the  
 apparitions pressing,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

19

Lo! the darting bowling orb! Lo! the brother orbs around! all the clustering suns and  
 planets; All the dazzling days, all the mystic nights with dreams,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!   [ begin page 29a ]ppp.00473.367.jpg

20

These are of us, they are with us, All for primal needed work, while the followers there in  
 embryo wait behind, We to-day's procession heading, we the route for travel  
 clearing,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

21

O you daughters of the west! O you young and elder daughters! O you mothers and  
 you wives! Never must you be divided, in our ranks you move  
 united,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

22

Minstrels latent on the prairies! (Shrouded bards of other lands! you may sleep—you  
 have done your work;) Soon I hear you coming warbling, soon you rise and  
 tramp amid us,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

23

Not for delectations sweet; Not the cushion and the slipper, not the peaceful and  
 the studious; Not the riches safe and palling, not for us the tame en- 
 joyment,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

24

Do the feasters gluttonous feast? Do the corpulent sleepers sleep? have they lock'd and  
 bolted doors? Still be ours the diet hard, and the blanket on the  
 ground,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!   [ begin page 30a ]ppp.00473.368.jpg

25

Has the night descended? Was the road of late so toilsome? did we stop discour- 
 aged, nodding on our way? Yet a passing hour I yield you, in your tracks to pause  
 oblivious,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

26

Till with sound of trumpet, Far, far off the day-break call—hark! how loud and  
 clear I hear it wind; Swift! to the head of the army!—swift! spring to  
 your places,  
 Pioneers! O pioneers!

QUICKSAND YEARS THAT WHIRL ME  
 I KNOW NOT WHITHER.

QUICKSAND years that whirl me I know not whither, Your schemes, politics, fail—lines give way—substan- 
 ces mock and elude me; Only the theme I sing, the great and strong-possess'd  
 soul, eludes not; One's-self, must never give way—that is the final sub- 
 stance—that out of all is sure; Out of politics, triumphs, battles, death—what at last  
 finally remains? When shows break up, what but One's-Self is sure?   [ begin page 31a ]ppp.00473.369.jpg

THE DRESSER.

¹AN old man bending, I come, among new faces, Years looking backward, resuming, in answer to chil- 
 dren, Come tell us old man, as from young men and maidens  
 that love me; Years hence of these scenes, of these furious passions,  
 these chances, Of unsurpass'd heroes, (was one side so brave? the  
 other was equally brave;) Now be witness again—paint the mightiest armies of  
 earth; Of those armies so rapid, so wondrous, what saw you to  
 tell us? What stays with you latest and deepest? of curious  
 panics, Of hard-fought engagements, or sieges tremendous,  
 what deepest remains? ²O maidens and young men I love, and that love me, What you ask of my days, those the strangest and sud- 
 den your talking recals; Soldier alert I arrive, after a long march, cover'd with  
 sweat and dust; In the nick of time I come, plunge in the fight, loudly  
 shout in the rush of successful charge; Enter the captur'd works . . . . yet lo! like a swift- 
 running river, they fade; Pass and are gone, they fade—I dwell not on soldiers'  
 perils or soldiers' joys; (Both I remember well—many the hardships, few the  
 joys, yet I was content.)   [ begin page 32a ]ppp.00473.370.jpg ³But in silence, in dream's projections, While the world of gain and appearance and mirth goes  
 on, So soon what is over forgotten, and waves wash the  
 imprints off the sand, In nature's reverie sad, with hinged knees returning, I  
 enter the doors—(while for you up there, Whoever you are, follow me without noise, and be of  
 strong heart.) ⁴Bearing the bandages, water and sponge, Straight and swift to my wounded I go, Where they lie on the ground, after the battle brought  
 in; Where their priceless blood reddens the grass, the  
 ground; Or to the rows of the hospital tent, or under the roof'd  
 hospital; To the long rows of cots, up and down, each side, I  
 return; To each and all, one after another, I draw near—not  
 one do I miss; An attendant follows, holding a tray—he carries a  
 refuse pail, Soon to be fill'd with clotted rags and blood, emptied,  
 and fill'd again. ⁵I onward go, I stop, With hinged knees and steady hand, to dress wounds; I am firm with each—the pangs are sharp, yet unavoid- 
 able; One turns to me his appealing eyes—(poor boy! I  
 never knew you, Yet I think I could not refuse this moment to die for  
 you, if that would save you.) ⁶On, on I go—(open, doors of time! open, hospital  
 doors!)   [ begin page 33a ]ppp.00473.371.jpg The crush'd head I dress, (poor crazed hand, tear not the  
 bandage away;) The neck of the cavalry-man, with the bullet through  
 and through, I examine; Hard the breathing rattles, quite glazed already the eye,  
 yet life struggles hard; (Come, sweet death! be persuaded, O beautiful death! In mercy come quickly.) ⁷From the stump of the arm, the amputated hand, I undo the clotted lint, remove the slough, wash off the  
 matter and blood; Back on his pillow the soldier bends, with curv'd neck,  
 and side-falling head; His eyes are closed, his face is pale, he dares not look on  
 the bloody stump, And has not yet looked on it. ⁸I dress a wound in the side, deep, deep; But a day or two more—for see, the frame all wasted  
 and sinking, And the yellow-blue countenance see. ⁹I dress the perforated shoulder, the foot with the bul- 
 let wound, Cleanse the one with a gnawing and putrid gangrene, so  
 sickening, so offensive, While the attendant stands behind aside me, holding  
 the tray and pail. ¹⁰I am faithful, I do not give out; The fractur'd thigh, the knee, the wound in the abdo- 
 men, These and more I dress with impassive hand—(yet  
 deep in my breast a fire, a burning flame.) ¹¹Thus in silence, in dream's projections, Returning, resuming, I thread my way through the hos- 
 pitals;   [ begin page 34a ]ppp.00473.372.jpg The hurt and the wounded I pacify with soothing hand, I sit by the restless all the dark night—some are so  
 young; Some suffer so much—I recall the experience sweet  
 and sad; (Many a soldier's loving arms about this neck have  
 cross'd and rested, Many a soldier's kiss dwells on these bearded lips.)

WHEN I HEARD THE LEARN'D 
  ASTRONOMER.

WHEN I heard the learn'd astronomer; When the proofs, the figures, were ranged in columns  
 before me; When I was shown the charts and the diagrams, to add,  
 divide, and measure them; When I, sitting, heard the astronomer, where he  
 lectured with much applause in the lecture-room, How soon, unaccountable, I became tired and sick; Till rising and gliding out, I wander'd off by myself, In the mystical moist night-air, and from time to time, Look'd up in perfect silence at the stars.   [ begin page 35a ]ppp.00473.373.jpg

RISE O DAYS FROM YOUR FATHOM- 
 LESS DEEPS.

1

RISE, O days, from your fathomless deeps, till you loftier  
 and fiercer sweep! Long for my soul, hungering gymnastic, I devour'd  
 what the earth gave me; Long I roam'd the woods of the north—long I watch'd  
 Niagara pouring; I travel'd the prairies over, and slept on their breast—I  
 cross'd the Nevadas, I cross'd the plateaus; I ascended the towering rocks along the Pacific, I sail'd  
 out to sea; I sail'd through the storm, I was refresh'd by the storm; I watch'd with joy the threatening maws of the waves; I mark'd the white combs where they career'd so high,  
 curling over; I heard the wind piping, I saw the black clouds; Saw from below what arose and mounted, (O superb! O  
 wild as my heart, and powerful!) Heard the continuous thunder, as it bellow'd after the  
 lightning; Noted the slender and jagged threads of lightning, as  
 sudden and fast amid the din they chased each  
 other across the sky; —These, and such as these, I, elate, saw—saw with  
 wonder, yet pensive and masterful; All the menacing might of the globe uprisen around me; Yet there with my soul I fed—I fed content, super- 
 cilious.   [ begin page 36a ]ppp.00473.374.jpg

2

'Twas well, O soul! 'twas a good preparation you gave  
 me! Now we advance our latent and ampler hunger to fill; Now we go forth to receive what the earth and the sea  
 never gave us; Not through the mighty woods we go, but through the  
 mightier cities; Something for us is pouring now, more than Niagara  
 pouring; Torrents of men, (sources and rills of the Northwest, are  
 you indeed inexhaustible?) What, to pavements and homesteads here—what were  
 those storms of the mountains and sea? What, to passions I witness around me to-day? Was  
 the sea risen? Was the wind piping the pipe of death under the black  
 clouds? Lo! from deeps more unfathomable, something more  
 deadly and savage; Manhattan, rising, advancing with menacing front—  
 Cincinnati, Chicago, unchain'd; —What was that swell I saw on the ocean? behold  
 what comes here! How it climbs with daring feet and hands! how it  
 dashes! How the true thunder bellows after the lightning! how  
 bright the flashes of lightning! How DEMOCRACY, with desperate vengeful port strides  
 on, shown through the dark by those flashes of  
 lightning! (Yet a mournful wail and low sob I fancied I heard  
 through the dark, In a lull of the deafening confusion.)

3

Thunder on! stride on Democracy! strike with vengeful  
 stroke! And do you rise higher than ever yet, O days, O cities!   [ begin page 37a ]ppp.00473.375.jpg Crash heavier, heavier yet, O storms! you have done  
 me good; My soul, prepared in the mountains, absorbs your im- 
 mortal strong nutriment; Long had I walk'd my cities, my country roads, through  
 farms, only half satisfied; One doubt, nauseous, undulating like a snake, crawl'd  
 on the ground before me, Continually preceding my steps, turning upon me oft,  
 ironically hissing low; —The cities I loved so well, I abandon'd and left—I  
 sped to the certainties suitable to me; Hungering, hungering, hungering, for primal energies,  
 and Nature's dauntlessness, I refresh'd myself with it only, I could relish it only; I waited the bursting forth of the pent fire—on the  
 water and air I waited long; —But now I no longer wait—I am fully satisfied—I  
 am glutted; I have witness'd the true lighting—I have witness'd  
 my cities electric; I have lived to behold man burst forth, and warlike  
 America rise; Hence I will seek no more the food of the northern soli- 
 tary wilds, No more on the mountains roam, or sail the stormy sea.

A CHILD'S AMAZE.

SILENT and amazed, even when a little boy, I remember I heard the preacher every Sunday put God  
 in his statements, As contending against some being or influence.   [ begin page 38a ]ppp.00473.376.jpg

BEAT! BEAT! DRUMS!

1

BEAT! beat! drums!—Blow! bugles! blow! Through the windows—through doors—burst like a  
 force of ruthless men, Into the solemn church, and scatter the congregation; Into the school where the scholar is studying: Leave not the bridegroom quiet—no happiness must  
 he have now with his bride; Nor the peaceful farmer any peace, plowing his field or  
 gathering his grain; So fierce you whirr and pound, you drums—so shrill  
 you bugles blow.

2

Beat! beat! drums!—Blow! bugles! blow! Over the traffic of cities—over the rumble of wheels in  
 the streets: Are beds prepared for sleepers at night in the houses?  
 No sleepers must sleep in those beds; No bargainers' bargains by day—no brokers or specu- 
 lators—Would they continue? Would the talkers be talking? would the singer attempt  
 to sing? Would the lawyer rise in the court to state his case  
 before the judge? Then rattle quicker, heavier drums—you bugles wilder  
 blow.

3

Beat! beat! drums!—Blow! bugles! blow! Make no parley—stop for no expostulation; Mind not the timid—mind not the weeper or prayer; Mind not the old man beseeching the young man; Let not the child's voice be heard, nor the mother's en- 
 treaties; Make even the trestles to shake the dead, where they lie  
 awaiting the hearses, So strong you thump, O terrible drums—so loud  
 you bugles blow.   [ begin page 39a ]ppp.00473.377.jpg

COME UP FROM THE FIELDS 
  FATHER.

¹Come up from the fields, father, here's a letter from  
 our Pete; And come to the front door, mother—here's a letter  
 from thy dear son. ²Lo, 'tis autumn; Lo, where the trees, deeper green, yellower and redder, Cool and sweeten Ohio's villages, with leaves fluttering  
 in the moderate wind; Where apples ripe in the orchards hang, and grapes on  
 the trellis'd vines; (Smell you the smell of the grapes on the vines? Smell you the buckwheat, where the bees were lately  
 buzzing?) ³Above all, lo, the sky, so calm, so transparent after  
 the rain, and with wondrous clouds; Below, too, all calm, all vital and beautiful—and the  
 farm prospers well. ⁴Down in the fields all prospers well; But now from the fields come, father—come at the  
 daughter's call; And come to the entry, mother—to the front door come,  
 right away. ⁵Fast as she can she hurries—something ominous—  
 her steps trembling; She does not tarry to smooth her white hair, nor adjust  
 her cap.   [ begin page 40a ]ppp.00473.378.jpg ⁶Open the envelope quickly; O this is not our son's writing, yet his name is sign'd; O a strange hand writes for our dear son—O stricken  
 mother's soul! All swims before her eyes—flashes with black—she  
 catches the main words only; Sentences broken—gun-shot wound in the breast, cavalry  
  skirmish, taken to hospital, At present low, but will soon be better. ⁷Ah, now the single figure to me, Amid all teeming and wealthy Ohio, with all its cities  
 and farms, Sickly white in the face and dull in the head, very faint, By the jamb of a door leans. ⁸ Grieve not so, dear mother, (the just-grown daughter  
 speaks through her sobs; The little sisters huddle around, speechless and dis- 
 may;) See, dearest mother, the letter says Pete will soon be better. ⁹Alas, poor boy, he will never be better, (nor may-be  
 needs to be better, that brave and simple soul;) While they stand at home at the door, he is dead already; The only son is dead. ¹⁰But the mother needs to be better; She, with thin form, presently drest in black; By day her meals untouch'd—then at night fitfully  
 sleeping, often waking, In the midnight waking, weeping, longing with one deep  
 longing, O that she might withdraw unnoticed—silent from life,  
 escape and withdraw, To follow, to seek, to be with her dear dead son.   [ begin page 41a ]ppp.00473.379.jpg

CITY OF SHIPS.

CITY of ships! (O the black ships! O the fierce ships! O the beautiful, sharp bow'd steam-ships and sail-ships!) City of the world! (for all races are here; All the lands of the earth make contributions here;) City of the sea! city of hurried and glittering tides! City whose gleeful tides continually rush or recede,  
 whirling in and out, with eddies and foam! City of wharves and stores! city of tall façades of mar- 
 ble and iron! Proud and passionate city! mettlesome, mad, extrava- 
 gant city! Spring up, O city! not for peace alone, but be indeed  
 yourself, warlike! Fear not! submit to no models but your own, O city! Behold me! incarnate me, as I have incarnated you! I have rejected nothing you offer'd me—whom you  
 adopted, I have adopted; Good or bad, I never question you—I love all—I do  
 not condemn anything; I chant and celebrate all that is yours—yet peace no  
 more; In peace I chanted peace, but now the drum of war is  
 mine; War, red war, is my song through your streets, O city!

MOTHER AND BABE.

I SEE the sleeping babe, nestling the breast of its  
 mother; The sleeping mother and babe—hush'd, I study them  
 long and long.   [ begin page 42a ]ppp.00473.380.jpg

VIGIL STRANGE I KEPT ON THE 
  FIELD ONE NIGHT.

VIGIL strange I kept on the field one night, When you, my son and my comrade, dropt at my side  
 that day, One look I but gave, which your dear eyes return'd,  
 with a look I shall never forget; One touch of your hand to mine, O boy, reach'd up as  
 you lay on the ground; Then onward I sped in the battle, the even-contested  
 battle; Till late in the night reliev'd, to the place at last again I  
 made my way; Found you in death so cold, dear comrade—found your  
 body, son of responding kisses, (never again on  
 earth responding;) Bared your face in the starlight—curious the scene—  
 cool blew the moderate night-wind; Long there and then in vigil I stood, dimly around me  
 the battle-field spreading; Vigil wondrous and vigil sweet, there in the fragrant  
 silent night; But not a tear fell, not even a long-drawn sigh—Long,  
 long I gazed; Then on the earth partially reclining, sat by your side,  
 leaning my chin in my hands; Passing sweet hours, immortal and mystic hours with  
 you, dearest comrade—Not a tear, not a word; Vigil of silence, love and death—vigil for you, my son  
 and my soldier, As onward silently stars aloft, eastward new ones up- 
 ward stole; Vigil final for you, brave boy, (I could not save you,  
 swift was your death,   [ begin page 43a ]ppp.00473.381.jpg I faithfully loved you and cared for you living—I think  
 we shall surely meet again;) Till at latest lingering of the night, indeed just as the  
 dawn appear'd, My comrade I wrapt in his blanket, envelop'd well his  
 form, Folded the blanket well, tucking it carefully over head,  
 and carefully under feet; And there and then, and bathed by the rising sun, my  
 son in his grave, in his rude-dug grave I de- 
 posited; Ending my vigil strange with that—vigil of night and  
 battle-field dim; Vigil for boy of responding kisses, (never again on earth  
 responding;) Vigil for comrade swiftly slain—vigil I never forget,  
 how as day brighten'd, I rose from the chill ground, and folded my soldier well  
 in his blanket, And buried him where he fell.

BATHED IN WAR'S PERFUME.

BATHED in war's perfume—delicate flag! O to hear you call the sailors and the soldiers! flag like  
 a beautiful woman! O to hear the tramp, tramp, of a million answering men!  
 O the ships they arm with joy! O to see you leap and beckon from the tall masts of  
 ships! O to see you peering down on the sailors on the decks! Flag like the eyes of women.   [ begin page 44a ]ppp.00473.382.jpg

A MARCH IN THE RANKS HARD-PREST, 
  AND THE ROAD UNKNOWN.

A MARCH in the ranks hard-prest, and the road unknown; A route through a heavy wood, with muffled steps in the  
 darkness; Our army foil'd with loss severe, and the sullen remnant  
 retreating; Till after midnight glimmer upon us, the lights of a  
 dim-lighted building; We come to an open space in the woods, and halt by the  
 dim-lighted building; 'Tis a large old church, at the crossing roads—'tis now  
 an impromptu hospital; —Entering but for a minute, I see a sight beyond all  
 the pictures and poems ever made: Shadows of deepest, deepest black, just lit by moving  
 candles and lamps, And by one great pitchy torch, stationary, with wild red  
 flame, and clouds of smoke; By these, crowds, groups of forms, vaguely I see, on the  
 floor, some in the pews laid down; At my feet more distinctly, a soldier, a mere lad, in  
 danger of bleeding to death, (he is shot in the ab- 
 domen;) I staunch the blood temporarily, (the youngster's face is  
 white as a lily;) Then before I depart I sweep my eyes o'er the scene,  
 fain to absorb it all; Faces, varieties, postures beyond description, most in  
 obscurity, some of them dead; Surgeons operating, attendants holding lights, the smell  
 of ether, the odor of blood;   [ begin page 45a ]ppp.00473.383.jpg The crowd, O the crowd of the bloody forms of soldiers  
 —the yard outside also fill'd; Some on the bare ground, some on planks or stretchers,  
 some in the death-spasm sweating; An occasional scream or cry, the doctor's shouted orders  
 or calls; The glisten of the little steel instruments catching the  
 glint of the torches; These I resume as I chant—I see again the forms, I  
 smell the odor; Then hear outside the orders given, Fall in, my men,  
  Fall in; But first I bend to the dying lad—his eyes open—a  
 half-smile gives he me; Then the eyes close, calmly close, and I speed forth to  
 the darkness, Resuming, marching, as ever in darkness marching, on  
 in the ranks, The unknown road still marching.

LONG, TOO LONG, O LAND.

LONG, too long, O land, Traveling roads all even and peaceful, you learn'd from  
 joys and prosperity only; But now, ah now, to learn from crises of anguish—ad- 
 vancing, grappling with direst fate, and recoiling  
 not; And now to conceive, and show to the world, what your  
 children en-masse really are; (For who except myself has yet conceived what your  
 children en-masse really are?)   [ begin page 46a ]ppp.00473.384.jpg

A SIGHT IN CAMP IN THE DAY-BREAK 
  GREY AND DIM.

¹ A SIGHT in camp in the day-break grey and dim, As from my tent I emerge so early, sleepless, As slow I walk in the cool fresh air, the path near by  
 the hospital-tent, Three forms I see on stretchers lying, brought out there,  
 untended lying, Over each the blanket spread, ample brownish woolen  
 blanket, Grey and heavy blanket, folding, covering all. ²Curious, I halt, and silent stand; Then with light fingers I from the face of the nearest,  
 the first, just lift the blanket: Who are you, elderly man so gaunt and grim, with  
 well-grey'd hair, and flesh all sunken about the  
 eyes? Who are you, my dear comrade? ³Then to the second I step—And who are you, my  
 child and darling? Who are you, sweet boy, with cheeks yet blooming? ⁴Then to the third—a face nor child, nor old, very  
 calm, as of beautiful yellow-white ivory: Young man, I think I know you—I think this face of  
 yours is the face of the Christ himself; Dead and divine, and brother of all, and here again he  
 lies.

A FARM PICTURE.

THROUGH the ample open door of the peaceful country  
 barn, A sun-lit pasture field, with cattle and horses feeding.   [ begin page 47a ]ppp.00473.385.jpg

GIVE ME THE SPLENDID SILENT 
  SUN.

1

GIVE me the splendid silent sun, with all his beams full- 
 dazzling; Give me juicy autumnal fruit, ripe and red from the  
 orchard; Give me a field where the unmow'd grass grows; Give me an arbor, give me the trellis'd grape; Give me fresh corn and wheat—give me serene-moving  
 animals, teaching content; Give me nights perfectly quiet, as on high plateaus west  
 of the Mississippi, and I looking up at the stars; Give me odorous at sunrise a garden of beautiful flowers,  
 where I can walk undisturb'd; Give me for marriage a sweet-breath'd woman, of whom  
 I should never tire; Give me a perfect child—give me, away, aside from the  
 noise of the world, a rural domestic life; Give me to warble spontaneous songs, reliev'd, recluse  
 by myself, for my own ears only; Give me solitude—give me Nature—give me again,  
 O Nature, your primal sanities! —These, demanding to have them, (tired with ceaseless  
 excitement, and rack'd by the war-strife;) These to procure, incessantly asking, rising in cries from  
 my heart, While yet incessantly asking, still I adhere to my city; Day upon day, and year upon year, O city, walking  
 your streets, Where you hold me enchain'd a certain time, refusing  
 to give me up; Yet giving to make me glutted, enrich'd of soul—you  
 give me forever faces;   [ begin page 48a ]ppp.00473.386.jpg (O I see what I sought to escape, confronting, reversing  
 my cries; I see my own soul trampling down what it ask'd for.)

2

Keep your splendid silent sun; Keep your woods, O Nature, and the quiet places by  
 the woods; Keep your fields of clover and timothy, and your corn- 
 fields and orchards; Keep the blossoming buckwheat fields, where the Ninth- 
 month bees hum; Give me faces and streets! give me these phantoms in- 
 cessant and endless along the trottoirs! Give me interminable eyes! give me women! give me  
 comrades and lovers by the thousand! Let me see new ones every day! let me hold new ones  
 by the hand every day! Give me such shows! give me the streets of Manhattan! Give me Broadway, with the soldiers marching—give  
 me the sound of the trumpets and drums! (The soldiers in companies or regiments—some, starting  
 away, flush'd and reckless; Some, their time up, returning, with thinn'd ranks—  
 young, yet very old, worn, marching, noticing  
 nothing;) —Give me the shores and the wharves heavy-fringed  
 with the black ships! O such for me! O an intense life! O full to repletion,  
 and varied! The life of the theatre, bar-room, huge hotel, for me! The saloon of the steamer! the crowded excursion for  
 me! the torch-light procession! The dense brigade, bound for the war, with high piled  
 military wagons following; People, endless, streaming, with strong voices, passions,  
 pageants; Manhattan streets, with their powerful throbs, with the  
 beating drums, as now;   [ begin page 49a ]ppp.00473.387.jpg The endless and noisy chorus, the rustle and clank of  
 muskets, (even the sight of the wounded;) Manhattan crowds with their turbulent musical chorus  
 —with varied chorus and light of the sparkling  
 eyes; Manhattan faces and eyes forever for me.

OVER THE CARNAGE ROSE PROPHETIC 
  A VOICE.

¹ OVER the carnage rose prophetic a voice, Be not dishearten'd—Affection shall solve the problems  
 of Freedom yet; Those who love each other shall become invincible—  
 they shall yet make Columbia victorious. ²Sons of the Mother of All! you shall yet be victo- 
 rious! You shall yet laugh to scorn the attacks of all the re- 
 mainder of the earth. ³No danger shall balk Columbia's lovers; If need be, a thousand shall sternly immolate themselves  
 for one. ⁴One from Massachusetts shall be a Missourian's com- 
 rade; From Maine and from hot Carolina, and another an Ore- 
 gonese, shall be friends triune, More precious to each other than all the riches of the  
 earth.   [ begin page 50a ]ppp.00473.388.jpg ⁵To Michigan, Florida perfumes shall tenderly come; Not the perfumes of flowers, but sweeter, and wafted  
 beyond death. ⁶It shall be customary in the houses and streets to see  
 manly affection; The most dauntless and rude shall touch face to face  
 lightly; The dependence of Liberty shall be lovers, The continuance of Equality shall be comrades. ⁷These shall tie you and band you stronger than hoops  
 of iron; I, extatic, O partners! O lands! with the love of lovers  
 tie you. ⁸Were you looking to be held together by the lawyers? Or by an agreement on a paper? or by arms? —Nay—nor the world, nor any living thing, will so  
 cohere.

DID YOU ASK DULCET RHYMES FROM ME?

DID YOU ask dulcet rhymes from me? Did you find what I sang erewhile so hard to follow,  
 to understand? Why I was not singing erewhile for you to follow, to  
 understand—nor am I now; —What to such as you, anyhow, such a poet as I?  
 —therefore leave my works, And go lull yourself with what you can understand; For I lull nobody—and you will never understand me.   [ begin page 51a ]ppp.00473.389.jpg

YEAR OF METEORS. 
  (1859-60.)

YEAR of meteors! brooding year! I would bind in words retrospective, some of your deeds  
 and signs; I would sing your contest for the 19th Presidentiad; I would sing how an old man, tall, with white hair,  
 mounted the scaffold in Virginia; (I was at hand—silent I stood, with teeth shut close—I  
 watch'd; I stood very near you, old man, when cool and indiffer- 
 ent, but trembling with age and your unheal'd  
 wounds, you mounted the scaffold;) I would sing in my copious song your census returns of  
 The States, The tables of population and products—I would sing of  
 your ships and their cargoes, The proud black ships of Manhattan, arriving, some  
 fill'd with immigrants, some from the isthmus  
 with cargoes of gold; Songs thereof would I sing—to all that hitherward  
 comes would I welcome give; And you would I sing, fair stripling! welcome to you  
 from me, sweet boy of England! Remember you surging Manhattan's crowds, as you  
 passed with your cortege of nobles? There in the crowds stood I, and singled you out with  
 attachment; I know not why, but I loved you…(and so go forth  
 little song, Far over sea speed like an arrow, carrying my love all  
 folded,   [ begin page 52a ]ppp.00473.390.jpg And find in his palace the youth I love, and drop these  
 lines at his feet;) —Nor forget I to sing of the wonder, the ship as she  
 swam up my bay, Well-shaped and stately the Great Eastern swam up my  
 bay, she was 600 feet long, Her moving swiftly, surrounded by myriads of small  
 craft, I forget not to sing; Nor the comet that came unannounced, out of the north,  
 flaring in heaven, Nor the strange huge meteor procession, dazzling and  
 clear, shooting over our heads, (A moment, a moment long, it sail'd its balls of unearth- 
 ly light over our heads, Then departed, dropt in the night, and was gone;) —Of such, and fitful as they, I sing—with gleams from  
 them would I gleam and patch these chants; Your chants, O year all mottled with evil and good!  
 year of forebodings! year of the youth I love! Year of comets and meteors transient and strange!—lo!  
 even here, one equally transient and strange! As I flit through you hastily, soon to fall and be gone,  
 what is this book, What am I myself but one of your meteors?

THE TORCH.

ON my northwest coast in the midst of the night, a  
 fishermen's group stands watching; Out on the lake, expanding before them, others are  
 spearing salmon; The canoe, a dim and shadowy thing, moves across the  
 black water, Bearing a Torch a-blaze at the prow.   [ begin page 53a ]ppp.00473.391.jpg

YEARS OF THE UNPERFORM'D.

YEARS of the unperform'd! your horizon rises—I see it  
 parting away for more august dramas; I see not America only—I see not only Liberty's nation,  
 but other nations preparing; I see tremendous entrances and exits—I see new com- 
 binations—I see the solidarity of races; I see that force advancing with irresistible power on the  
 world's stage; (Have the old forces played their parts? are the acts  
 suitable to them closed?) I see Freedom, completely arm'd, and victorious, and  
 very haughty, with Law by her side, both issuing  
 forth against the idea of caste; —What historic denouements are these we so rapidly  
 approach? I see men marching and countermarching by swift mil- 
 lions; I see the frontiers and boundaries of the old aristocracies  
 broken; I see the landmarks of European kings removed; I see this day the People beginning their landmarks, (all  
 others give way;) Never were such sharp questions ask'd as this day; Never was average man, his soul, more energetic, more  
 like a God; Lo, how he urges and urges, leaving the masses no  
 rest; His daring foot is on land and sea everywhere—he col- 
 onizes the Pacific, the archipelagoes; With the steam-ship, the electric telegraph, the news- 
 paper, the wholesale engines of war, With these, and the world-spreading factories, he inter- 
 links all geography, all lands;   [ begin page 54a ]ppp.00473.392.jpg —What whispers are these, O lands, running ahead of  
 you, passing under the seas? Are all nations communing? is there going to be but  
 one heart to the globe? Is humanity forming, en-masse?—for lo! tyrants trem- 
 ble, crowns grow dim; The earth, restive, confronts a new era, perhaps a gen- 
 eral divine war; No one knows what will happen next—such portents  
 fill the days and nights; Years prophetical! the space ahead as I walk, as I vain- 
 ly try to pierce it, is full of phantoms; Unborn deeds, things soon to be, project their shapes  
 around me; This incredible rush and heat—this strange extactic  
 fever of dreams, O years! Your dreams, O years, how they penetrate through me!  
 (I know not whether I sleep or wake!) The perform'd America and Europe grow dim, retiring  
 in shadow behind me, The unperform'd, more gigantic than ever, advance, ad- 
 vance upon me.

YEAR THAT TREMBLED AND REEL'D 
  BENEATH ME.

YEAR that trembled and reel'd beneath me! Your summer wind was warm enough—yet the air I  
 breathed froze me; A thick gloom fell through the sunshine and darken'd  
 me; Must I change my triumphant songs? said I to myself; Must I indeed learn to chant the cold dirges of the baf- 
 fled? And sullen hymns of defeat?   [ begin page 55a ]ppp.00473.393.jpg

THE VETERAN'S VISION.

WHILE my wife at my side lies slumbering, and the wars  
 are over long, And my head on the pillow rests at home, and the mys- 
 tic midnight passes, And through the stillness, through the dark, I hear, just  
 hear, the breath of my infant, There in the room, as I wake from sleep, this vision  
 presses upon me: The engagement opens there and then, in my busy brain  
 unreal; The skirmishers begin—they crawl cautiously ahead—  
 I hear the irregular snap! snap! I hear the sounds of the different missiles—the short  
  t-h-t! t-h-t! of the rifle balls; I see the shells exploding, leaving small white clouds—  
 I hear the great shells shrieking as they pass; The grape, like the hum and whirr of wind through the  
 trees, (quick, tumultuous, now the contest rages!) All the scenes at the batteries themselves rise in detail  
 before me again; The crashing and smoking—the pride of the men in  
 their pieces; The chief gunner ranges and sights his piece, and selects  
 a fuse of the right time; After firing, I see him lean aside, and look eagerly off  
 to note the effect; —Elsewhere I hear the cry of a regiment charging—  
 (the young colonel leads himself this time, with  
 brandish'd sword;) I see the gaps cut by the enemy's volleys, (quickly  
 fill'd up—no delay;) I breathe the suffocating smoke—then the flat clouds  
 hover low, concealing all;   [ begin page 56a ]ppp.00473.394.jpg Now a strange lull comes for a few seconds, not a shot  
 fired on either side; Then resumed, the chaos louder than ever, with eager  
 calls, and orders of officers; While from some distant part of the field the wind wafts  
 to my ears a shout of applause, (some special  
 success;) And ever the sound of the cannon, far or near, (rousing,  
 even in dreams, a devilish exultation, and all the  
 old mad joy, in the depths of my soul;) And ever the hastening of infantry shifting positions—  
 batteries, cavalry, moving hither and thither; (The falling, dying, I heed not—the wounded, dripping  
 and red, I heed not—some to the rear are hob- 
 bling;) Grime, heat, rush—aid-de-camps galloping by, or on a  
 full run; With the patter of small arms, the warning s-s-t of the  
 rifles, (these in my vision I hear or see,) And bombs bursting in air, and at night the vari-color'd  
 rockets.

O TAN-FACED PRAIRIE-BOY.

O TAN-FACED prairie-boy! Before you came to camp, came many a welcome gift; Praises and presents came, and nourishing food—till at  
 last among the recruits, You came, taciturn, with nothing to give—we but  
 look'd on each other, When lo! more than all the gifts of the world, you  
 gave me.   [ begin page 57a ]ppp.00473.395.jpg

CAMPS OF GREEN.

¹ NOT alone our camps of white, O soldiers, When, as order'd forward, after a long march, Footsore and weary, soon as the light lessens, we halt  
 for the night; Some of us so fatigued, carrying the gun and knapsack,  
 dropping asleep in our tracks; Others pitching the little tents, and the fires lit up begin  
 to sparkle; Outposts of pickets posted, surrounding, alert through  
 the dark, And a word provided for countersign, careful for safety; Till to the call of the drummers at daybreak loudly  
 beating the drums, We rise up refresh'd, the night and sleep pass'd over,  
 and resume our journey, Or proceed to battle. ²Lo! the camps of the tents of green, Which the days of peace keep filling, and the days of  
 war keep filling, With a mystic army, (is it too order'd forward? is it too  
 only halting awhile, Till night and sleep pass over?) ³Now in those camps of green—in their tents dotting  
 the world; In the parents, children, husbands, wives, in them—  
 in the old and young, Sleeping under the sunlight, sleeping under the moon- 
 light, content and silent there at last, Behold the mighty bivouac-field, and waiting-camp of  
 us and ours and all,   [ begin page 58a ]ppp.00473.396.jpg Of our corps and generals all, and the President over the  
 corps and generals all, And of each of us, O soldiers, and of each and all in the  
 ranks we fight, (There without hatred we shall all meet.) ⁴For presently, O soldiers, we too camp in our place  
 in the bivouac-camps of green; But we need not provide for outposts, nor word for  
 the countersign, Nor drummer to beat the morning drum.

AS TOILSOME I WANDER'D VIRGINIA'S 
  WOODS.

¹ AS TOILSOME I wander'd Virginia's woods, To the music of rustling leaves, kick'd by my feet, (for  
 'twas autumn,) I mark'd at the foot of a tree the grave of a soldier; Mortally wounded he, and buried on the retreat, (easily  
 all could I understand;) The halt of a mid-day hour, when up! no time to lose  
 —yet this sign left, On a tablet scrawl'd and nail'd on the tree by the grave, Bold, cautious, true, and my loving comrade. ²Long, long I muse, then on my way go wandering; Many a changeful season to follow, and many a scene of  
 life; Yet at times through changeful season and scene, abrupt,  
 alone, or in the crowded street, Comes before me the unknown soldier's grave—comes  
 the inscription rude in Virginia's woods, Bold, cautious, true, and my loving comrade.   [ begin page 59a ]ppp.00473.397.jpg

HYMN OF DEAD SOLDIERS.

¹ ONE breath, O my silent soul, A perfum'd thought—no more I ask, for the sake of all  
 dead soldiers. ²Buglers off in my armies! At present I ask not you to sound; Not at the head of my cavalry, all on their spirited  
 horses, With their sabres drawn and glist'ning, and carbines  
 clanking by their thighs—(ah, my brave horse- 
 men! My handsome, tan-faced horsemen! what life, what joy  
 and pride, With all the perils, were yours!) ³Nor you drummers—neither at reveille, at dawn, Nor the long roll alarming the camp—nor even the  
 muffled beat for a burial; Nothing from you, this time, O drummers, bearing my  
 warlike drums. ⁴But aside from these, and the crowd's hurrahs, and  
 the land's congratulations, Admitting around me comrades close, unseen by the  
 the rest, and voiceless, I chant this chant of my silent soul, in the name of all  
 dead soldiers. ⁵Faces so pale, with wondrous eyes, very dear, gather  
 closer yet; Draw close, but speak not.   [ begin page 60a ]ppp.00473.398.jpg ⁶Phantoms, welcome, divine and tender! Invisible to the rest, henceforth become my compan- 
 ions; Follow me ever! desert me not, while I live. ⁷Sweet are the blooming cheeks of the living! sweet  
 are the musical voices sounding! But sweet, ah sweet, are the dead, with their silent eyes. ⁸Dearest comrades! all now is over; But love is not over—and what love, O comrades! Perfume from battle-fields rising—up from fœtor  
 arising. ⁹Perfume therefore my chant, O love! immortal Love! Give me to bathe the memories of all dead soldiers. ¹⁰Perfume all! make all wholesome! O love! O chant! solve all with the last chemistry. ¹¹Give me exhaustless—make me a fountain, That I exhale love from me wherever I go, For the sake of all dead soldiers.

THE SHIP.

LO! THE unbounded sea! On its breast a Ship, spreading all her sails—an ample  
 Ship, carrying even her moonsails; The pennant is flying aloft, as she speeds, she  
 speeds so stately—below, emulous waves press  
 forward, They surround the Ship, with shining curving motions,  
 and foam.   [ begin page 61a ]ppp.00473.399.jpg

A BROADWAY PAGEANT. 
  (RECEPTION JAPANESE EMBASSY, JUNE 16, 1860.)

¹ OVER sea, hither from Niphon, Courteous, the Princes of Asia, swart-cheek'd princes, First-comers, guests, two-sworded princes, Lesson-giving princes, leaning back in their open ba- 
 rouches, bare-headed, impassive, This day they ride through Manhattan. ²Libertad! I do not know whether others behold what I behold, In the procession, along with the Princes of Asia, the  
 errand-bearers, Bringing up the rear, hovering above, around, or in the  
 ranks marching; But I will sing you a song of what I behold, Libertad. ³When million-footed Manhattan, unpent, descends to  
 its pavements; When the thunder-cracking guns arouse me with the  
 proud roar I love; When the round-mouth'd guns, out of the smoke and  
 smell I love, spit their salutes; When the fire-flashing guns have fully alerted me—  
 when heaven-clouds canopy my city with a  
 delicate thin haze; When, gorgeous, the countless straight stems, the for- 
 ests at the wharves, thicken with colors; When every ship, richly drest, carries her flag at the  
 peak; When pennants trail, and street-festoons hang from the  
 windows;   [ begin page 62a ]ppp.00473.400.jpg When Broadway is entirely given up to foot-passengers  
 and foot-standers—when the mass is densest; When the facades of the houses are alive with people—  
 when eyes gaze, riveted, tens of thousands at a  
 time; When the guests from the islands advance—when the  
 pageant moves forward, visible; When the summons is made—when the answer that  
 waited thousands of years, answers; I too, arising, answering, descend to the pavements,  
 merge with the crowd, and gaze with them. ⁴Superb-faced Manhattan! Comrade Americanos!—to us, then, at last, the Orient  
 comes. ⁵To us, my city, Where our tall-topt marble and iron beauties range on  
 opposite sides—to walk in the space between, To-day our Antipodes comes. ⁶The Originatress comes, The land of Paradise—land of the Caucasus—the nest  
 of birth, The nest of languages, the bequeather of poems, the  
 race of eld, Florid with blood, pensive, rapt with musings, hot with  
 passion, Sultry with perfume, with ample and flowing garments, With sunburnt visage, with intense soul and glittering  
 eyes. The race of Brahma comes! ⁷See, my cantabile! these, and more, are flashing to us  
 from the procession; As it moves, changing, a kaleidoscope divine it moves,  
 changing, before us. ⁸Not the errand-bearing princes, nor the tann'd Japa- 
 nee only;   [ begin page 63a ]ppp.00473.401.jpg Lithe and silent, the Hindoo appears—the whole Asiatic  
 continent itself appears—the Past, the dead, The murky night-morning of wonder and fable, inscruta- 
 ble, The envelop'd mysteries, the old and unknown hive- 
 bees, The North—the sweltering South—Assyria—the  
 Hebrews—the Ancient of ancients, Vast desolated cities—the gliding Present—all of  
 these, and more, are in the pageant-procession. ⁹Geography, the world, is in it; The Great Sea, the brood of islands, Polynesia, the coast  
 beyond; The coast you, henceforth, are facing—you Libertad!  
 from your Western golden shores; The countries there, with their populations—the mil- 
 lions en-masse, are curiously here; The swarming market places—the temples, with idols  
 ranged along the sides, or at the end—bonze,  
 brahmin, and lama; The mandarin, farmer, merchant, mechanic, and fisher- 
 man; The singing-girl and the dancing-girl—the ecstatic  
 person—the divine Buddha; The secluded Emperors—Confucius himself—the  
 great poets and heroes—the warriors, the castes,  
 all, Trooping up, crowding from all directions—from the  
 Altay mountains, From Thibet—from the four winding and far-flowing  
 rivers of China, From the Southern peninsulas, and the demi-continental  
 islands—from Malaysia; These, and whatever belongs to them, palpable, show  
 forth to me, and are seiz'd by me, And I am seiz'd by them, and friendlily held by them, Till, as here, them all I chant, Libertad! for themselves  
 and for you.   [ begin page 64a ]ppp.00473.402.jpg ¹⁰For I too, raising my voice, join the ranks of this  
 pageant; I am the chanter—I chant aloud over the pageant; I chant the world on my Western Sea; I chant, copious, the islands beyond, thick as stars in  
 the sky; I chant the new empire, grander than any before—As  
 in a vision it comes to me; I chant America, the Mistress—I chant a greater su- 
 premacy; I chant, projected, a thousand blooming cities yet, in  
 time, on those groups of sea-islands; I chant my sail-ships and steam-ships threading the ar- 
 chipelagoes; I chant my stars and stripes fluttering in the wind; I chant commerce opening, the sleep of ages having  
 done its work—races, reborn, refresh'd; Lives, works, resumed—The object I know not—but  
 the old, the Asiatic, resumed, as it must be, Commencing from this day, surrounded by the world. ¹¹And you, Libertad of the world! You shall sit in the middle, well-pois'd, thousands of  
 years; As to-day, from one side, the Princes of Asia come to  
 you; As to-morrow, from the other side, the Queen of Eng- 
 land sends her eldest son to you. ¹²The sign is reversing, the orb is enclosed, The ring is circled, the journey is done; The box-lid is but perceptibly open'd—nevertheless the  
 perfume pours copiously out of the whole box. ¹³Young Libertad! With the venerable Asia, the all-mother, Be considerate with her, now and ever, hot Libertad—  
 for you are all;   [ begin page 65a ]ppp.00473.403.jpg Bend your proud neck to the long-off mother, now  
 sending messages over the archipelagoes to you; Bend your proud neck low for once, young Libertad. ¹⁴Were the children straying westward so long? so  
 wide the tramping? Were the precedent dim ages debouching westward  
 from Paradise so long? Were the centuries steadily footing it that way, all the  
 while unknown, for you, for reasons? They are justified—they are accomplish'd—they shall  
 now be turn'd the other way also, to travel to- 
 ward you thence; They shall now also march obediently eastward, for  
 your sake, Libertad.

FLAG OF STARS, THICK-SPRINKLED 
  BUNTING.

FLAG of stars! thick-sprinkled bunting! Long yet your road, fateful flag!—long yet your road,  
 and lined with bloody death! For the prize I see at issue, at last is the world! All its ships and shores I see, interwoven with your  
 threads, greedy banner! —Dream'd again the flags of kings, highest borne, to  
 flaunt unrivall'd? O hasten, flag of man! O with sure and steady step,  
 passing highest flags of kings, Walk supreme to the heavens, mighty symbol—run up  
 above them all, Flag of stars! thick sprinkled bunting!   [ begin page 66a ]ppp.00473.404.jpg

OLD IRELAND.

¹ FAR hence, amid an isle of wondrous beauty, Crouching over a grave, an ancient sorrowful mother, Once a queen—now lean and tatter'd, seated on the  
 ground, Her old white hair drooping dishevel'd round her shoul- 
 ders; At her feet fallen an unused royal harp, Long silent—she too long silent—mourning her shroud- 
 ed hope and heir; Of all the earth her heart most full of sorrow, because  
 most full of love. ²Yet a word, ancient mother; You need crouch there no longer on the cold ground,  
 with forehead between your knees; O you need not sit there, veil'd in your old white  
 hair, so dishevel'd; For know you, the one you mourn is not in that grave; It was an illusion—the heir, the son you love, was not  
 really dead; The Lord is not dead—he is risen again, young and  
 strong, in another country; Even while you wept there by your fallen harp, by the  
 grave, What you wept for, was translated, pass'd from the  
 grave, The winds favor'd, and the sea sail'd it, And now with rosy and new blood, Moves to-day in a new country.

LOOK DOWN FAIR MOON.

LOOK down, fair moon, and bathe this scene; Pour softly down night's nimbus floods, on faces ghast- 
 ly, swollen, purple; On the dead, on their backs, with their arms toss'd wide, Pour down your unstinted nimbus, sacred moon.   [ begin page 67a ]ppp.00473.405.jpg

OUT OF THE ROLLING OCEAN, THE 
  CROWD.

1

OUT of the rolling ocean, the crowd, came a drop gently  
 to me, Whispering, I love you, before long I die, I have travel'd a long way, merely to look on you, to touch you, For I could not die till I once look'd on you, For I fear'd I might afterward lose you.

2

(Now we have met, we have look'd, we are safe; Return in peace to the ocean my love; I too am part of that ocean, my love—we are not so  
 much separated; Behold the great rondure—the cohesion of all, how per- 
 fect! But as for me, for you, the irresistible sea is to separ- 
 ate us, As for an hour carrying us diverse—yet cannot carry  
 us diverse for ever; Be not impatient—a little space—know you, I salute  
 the air, the ocean and the land, Every day, at sundown, for your dear sake, my love.)

WORLD, TAKE GOOD NOTICE.

WORLD, take good notice, silver stars fading, Milky hue ript, weft of white detaching, Coals thirty-six, baleful and burning, Scarlet, significant, hands off warning, Now and henceforth flaunt from these shores.   [ begin page 68a ]ppp.00473.406.jpg

I SAW OLD GENERAL AT BAY.

I SAW old General at bay; (Old as he was, his grey eyes yet shone out in battle  
 like stars;) His small force was now completely hemmed in, in his  
 works; He call'd for volunteers to run the enemy's lines—a  
 desperate emergency; I saw a hundred and more step forth from the ranks—  
 but two or three were selected; I saw them receive their orders aside—they listen'd  
 with care—the adjutant was very grave; I saw them depart with cheerfulness, freely risking their  
 lives.

OTHERS MAY PRAISE WHAT THEY LIKE.

OTHERS may praise what they like; But I, from the banks of the running Missouri, praise  
 nothing, in art, or aught else, Till it has breathed well the atmosphere of this river—  
 also the western prairie-scent, And fully exudes it again.

SOLID, IRONICAL, ROLLING ORB.

SOLID, ironical, rolling orb! Master of all, and matter of fact!—at last I accept your  
 terms; Bringing to practical, vulgar tests, of all my ideal  
 dreams, And of me, as lover and hero.   [ begin page 69a ]ppp.00473.407.jpg

HUSH'D BE THE CAMPS TO-DAY. 
  A. L. BURIED APRIL 19, 1865.

¹HUSH'D be the camps to-day; And, soldiers, let us drape our war-worn weapons; And each, with musing soul retire, to celebrate, Our dear commander's death. ²No more for him life's stormy conflicts; Nor victory, nor defeat—No more time's dark events, Charging like ceaseless clouds across the sky. ³But sing, poet, in our name; Sing of the love we bore him—because you, dweller in  
 camps, know it truly. ⁴Sing, to the lower'd coffin there; Sing, with the shovel'd clods that fill the grave—a  
 verse, For the heavy hearts of soldiers.

WEAVE IN, WEAVE IN, MY HARDY LIFE.

WEAVE in! weave in, my hardy life! Weave, weave a soldier strong and full, for great cam- 
 paigns to come; Weave in red blood! weave sinews in, like ropes! the  
 senses, sight weave in! Weave lasting sure! weave day and night the weft, the  
 warp! incessant weave! tire not! (We know not what the use, O life! nor know the aim,  
 the end—nor really aught we know; But know the work, the need goes on, and shall go  
 on—the death-envelop'd march of peace as well  
 as war, goes on;) For great campaigns of peace the same, the wiry  
 threads to weave; We know not why or what, yet weave, forever weave.   [ begin page 70a ]ppp.00473.408.jpg

TURN O LIBERTAD.

TURN, O Libertad, no more doubting; Turn from lands retrospective, recording proofs of the  
 past; From the singers that sing the trailing glories of the  
 past; From the chants of the feudal world—the triumphs of  
 kings, slavery, caste; Turn to the world, the triumphs reserv'd and to come—  
 give up that backward world; Leave to the singers of hitherto—give them the trailing  
 past: But what remains, remains for singers for you—wars  
 to come are for you; (Lo! how the wars of the past have duly inured to you  
 —and the wars of the present shall also inure:) —Then turn, and be not alarm'd, O Libertad—turn  
 your undying face, To where the future, greater than all the past, Is swiftly, surely preparing for you.

BIVOUAC ON A MOUNTAIN SIDE.

I SEE before me now, a traveling army halting; Below, a fertile valley spread, with barns, and the orch- 
 ards of summer; Behind, the terraced sides of a mountain, abrupt in  
 places, rising high; Broken, with rocks, with clinging cedars, with tall  
 shapes, dingily seen; The numerous camp-fires scatter'd near and far, some  
 away up on the mountain; The shadowy forms of men and horses, looming, large- 
 sized, flickering; And over all, the sky—the sky! far, far out of reach,  
 studded with the eternal stars.   [ begin page 71a ]ppp.00473.409.jpg

PENSIVE ON HER DEAD GAZING, I HEARD 
  THE MOTHER OF ALL.

PENSIVE, on her dead gazing, I heard the Mother of All, Desperate, on the torn bodies, on the forms covering the  
 battle-fields gazing; As she call'd to her earth with mournful voice while she  
 stalk'd: Absorb them well, O my earth, she cried—I charge you,  
 lose not my sons! lose not an atom; And you streams, absorb them well, taking their dear  
 blood; And you local spots, and you airs that swim above  
 lightly, And all you essences of soil and growth—and you, O  
 my rivers' depths; And you mountain sides—and the woods where my  
 dear children's blood, trickling, redden'd; And you trees, down in your roots, to bequeath to all  
 future trees, My dead absorb—my young men's beautiful bodies ab- 
 sorb—and their precious, precious, precious  
 blood; Which holding in trust for me, faithfully back again give  
 me, many a year hence, In unseen essence and odor of surface and grass, centu- 
 ries hence; In blowing airs from the fields, back again give me my  
 darlings—give my immortal heroes; Exhale me them centuries hence—breathe me their  
 breath—let not an atom be lost; O years and graves! O air and soil! O my dead, an  
 aroma sweet! Exhale them perennial, sweet death, years, centuries  
 hence.   [ begin page 72a ]ppp.00473.410.jpg

NOT YOUTH PERTAINS TO ME.

NOT youth pertains to me, Nor delicatesse—I cannot beguile the time with talk; Awkward in the parlor, neither a dancer nor elegant; In the learn'd coterie sitting constrain'd and still—for  
 learning inures not to me; Beauty, knowledge, fortune, inure not to me—yet  
 there are two things inure to me; I have nourish'd the wounded, and sooth'd many a  
 dying soldier; And at intervals I have strung together a few songs, Fit for war, and the life of the camp. FINIS.   [ begin page 1b ]ppp.00473.411.jpg SEQUEL TO DRUM-TAPS. (SINCE THE PRECEDING CAME FROM THE PRESS.) WHEN LILACS LAST IN THE 
  DOOR-YARD BLOOM'D. AND OTHER PIECES. WASHINGTON. 1865-6.   [ begin page 2b ]ppp.00473.412.jpg

CONTENTS.

	PAGE.
When Lilacs last in the door-yard bloom'd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	3
Race of Veterans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	12
O Captain! my Captain! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	13
Spirit whose work is done . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	14
Chanting the Square Deific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	15
I heard you, solemn sweet pipes of the Organ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	17
Not my Enemies ever invade me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	17
O me! O life! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	18
Ah poverties, wincings, and sulky retreats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	18
As I lay with my head in your lap, Camerado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	19
This day, O Soul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	19
In clouds descending, in midnight sleep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	20
An Army on the march . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	20
Dirge for Two Veterans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	21
How solemn, as one by one . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	22
Lo! Victress on the Peaks! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	23
Reconciliation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	23
To the leaven'd Soil they trod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	24

GIBSON BROTHERS, PRINTERS.

  [ begin page 3b ]ppp.00473.413.jpg

WHEN LILACS LAST IN THE 
  DOOR-YARD BLOOM'D.

1

¹ WHEN lilacs last in the door-yard bloom'd, And the great star early droop'd in the western sky in the  
 night, I mourn'd…and yet shall mourn with ever-returning  
 spring. ²O ever-returning spring! trinity sure to me you bring; Lilac blooming perennial, and drooping star in the west, And thought of him I love.

2

³O powerful, western, fallen star! O shades of night! O moody, tearful night! O great star disappear'd! O the blank murk that hides the  
 star! O cruel hands that hold me powerless! O helpless soul of  
 me! O harsh surrounding cloud that will not free my soul!

3

⁴In the door-yard fronting an old farm-house, near the  
 white-wash'd palings, Stands the lilac bush, tall-growing, with heart-shaped leaves  
 of rich green, With many a pointed blossom, rising, delicate, with the  
 perfume strong I love,   [ begin page 4b ]ppp.00473.414.jpg With every leaf a miracle……and from this bush in the  
 door-yard, With its delicate-color'd blossoms, and heart-shaped leaves  
 of rich green, A sprig, with its flower, I break.

4

⁵In the swamp, in secluded recesses, A shy and hidden bird is warbling a song. ⁶Solitary, the thrush, The hermit, withdrawn to himself, avoiding the settlements, Sings by himself a song. ⁷Song of the bleeding throat! Death's outlet song of life—(for well, dear brother, I know, If thou wast not gifted to sing, thou would'st surely die.)

5

⁸Over the breast of the spring, the land, amid cities, Amid lanes, and through old woods, (where lately the  
 violets peep'd from the ground, spotting the gray  
 debris;) Amid the grass in the fields each side of the lanes—passing  
 the endless grass; Passing the yellow-spear'd wheat, every grain from its  
 shroud in the dark-brown fields uprising; Passing the apple-tree blows of white and pink in the  
 orchards; Carrying a corpse to where it shall rest in the grave, Night and day journeys a coffin.

6

⁹Coffin that passes through lanes and streets, Through day and night, with the great cloud darkening the  
 land, With the pomp of the inloop'd flags, with the cities draped  
 in black,   [ begin page 5b ]ppp.00473.415.jpg With the show of the States themselves, as of crape-veil'd  
 women, standing, With processions long and winding, and the flambeaus of  
 the night, With the countless torches lit—with the silent sea of faces, 
 and the unbared heads, With the waiting depot, the arriving coffin, and the sombre  
 faces, With dirges through the night, with the thousand voices  
 rising strong and solemn; With all the mournful voices of the dirges, pour'd around  
 the coffin, The dim-lit churches and the shuddering organs—Where  
 amid these you journey, With the tolling, tolling bells' perpetual clang; Here! coffin that slowly passes. I give you my sprig of lilac.

7

¹⁰(Nor for you, for one, alone; Blossoms and branches green to coffins all I bring: For fresh as the morning—thus would I chant a song for  
 you, O sane and sacred death. ¹¹All over bouquets of roses, O death! I cover you over with roses and early lilies; But mostly and now the lilac that blooms the first, Copious, I break, I break the sprigs from the bushes: With loaded arms I come, pouring for you, For you and the coffins all of you, O death.)

8

¹²O western orb, sailing the heaven! Now I know what you must have meant, as a month since  
 we walk'd, As we walk'd up and down in the dark blue so mystic, As we walk'd in silence the transparent shadowy night,   [ begin page 6b ]ppp.00473.416.jpg As I saw you had something to tell, as you bent to me night  
 after night, As you droop'd from the sky low down, as if to my side, 
 (while the other stars all look'd on;) As we wander'd together the solemn night, (for something  
 I know not what, kept me from sleep;) As the night advanced, and I saw on the rim of the west, 
 ere you went, how full you were of woe; As I stood on the rising ground in the breeze, in the cool  
 transparent night, As I watch'd where you pass'd and was lost in the nether- 
 ward black of the night, As my soul, in its trouble, dissatisfied, sank, as where you, 
 sad orb, Concluded, dropt in the night, and was gone.

9

¹³Sing on, there in the swamp! O singer bashful and tender! I hear your notes—I hear  
 your call; I hear—I come presently—I understand you; But a moment I linger—for the lustrous star has detain'd  
 me; The star, my comrade, departing, holds and detains me.

10

¹⁴O how shall I warble myself for the dead one there I  
 loved? And how shall I deck my song for the large sweet soul that  
 has gone? And what shall my perfume be, for the grave of him I love? ¹⁵Sea-winds, blown from east and west, Blown from the eastern sea, and blown from the western sea, 
 till there on the prairies meeting: These, and with these, and the breath of my chant, I perfume the grave of him I love.   [ begin page 7b ]ppp.00473.417.jpg

11

¹⁶O what shall I hang on the chamber walls? And what shall the pictures be that I hang on the walls, To adorn the burial-house of him I love? ¹⁷Pictures of growing spring, and farms, and homes, With the Fourth-month eve at sundown, and the gray-smoke  
 lucid and bright, With floods of the yellow gold of the gorgeous, indolent, 
 sinking sun, burning, expanding the air; With the fresh sweet herbage under foot, and the pale green  
 leaves of the trees prolific; In the distance the flowing glaze, the breast of the river, 
 with a wind-dapple here and there; With ranging hills on the banks, with many a line against  
 the sky, and shadows; And the city at hand, with dwellings so dense, and stacks  
 of chimneys, And all the scenes of life, and the workshops, and the  
 workmen homeward returning.

12

¹⁸Lo! body and soul! this land! Mighty Manhattan, with spires, and the sparkling and hur- 
 rying tides, and the ships; The varied and ample land—the South and the North in  
 the light—Ohio's shores, and flashing Missouri, And ever the far-spreading prairies, cover'd with grass and  
 corn. ¹⁹Lo! the most excellent sun, so calm and haughty; The violet and purple morn, with just-felt breezes: The gentle, soft-born, measureless light; The miracle, spreading, bathing all—the fulfill'd noon; The coming eve, delicious—the welcome night, and the  
 stars, Over my cities shining all, enveloping man and land.   [ begin page 8b ]ppp.00473.418.jpg

13

²⁰Sing on! sing on, you gray-brown bird! Sing from the swamps, the recesses—pour your chant from  
 the bushes; Limitless out of the dusk, out of the cedars and pines. ²¹Sing on, dearest brother—warble your reedy song; Loud human song, with voice of uttermost woe. ²²O liquid, and free, and tender! O wild and loose to my soul! O wondrous singer! You only I hear……yet the star holds me, (but will soon  
 depart;) Yet the lilac, with mastering odor, holds me.

14

²³Now while I sat in the day, and look'd forth, In the close of the day, with its light, and the fields of  
 spring, and the farmer preparing his crops, In the large unconscious scenery of my land, with its lakes  
 and forests, In the heavenly aerial beauty, (after the perturb'd winds, 
 and the storms;) Under the arching heavens of the afternoon swift passing, 
 and the voices of children and women, The many-moving sea-tides,—and I saw the ships how they  
 sail'd, And the summer approaching with richness, and the fields  
 all busy with labor, And the infinite separate houses, how they all went on, each  
 with its meals and minutia of daily usages; And the streets, how their throbbings throbb'd, and the cities  
 pent,—lo! then and there, Falling among them all, and upon them all, enveloping me  
 with the rest, Appear'd the cloud, appear'd the long black trail; And I knew Death, its thought, and the sacred knowledge  
 of death.   [ begin page 9b ]ppp.00473.419.jpg

15

²⁴Then with the knowledge of death as walking one side of  
 me, And the thought of death close-walking the other side of me, And I in the middle, as with companions, and as holding the  
 hands of companions, I fled forth to the hiding receiving night, that talks not, Down to the shores of the water, the path by the swamp in  
 the dimness, To the solemn shadowy cedars, and ghostly pines so still. ²⁵And the singer so shy to the rest receiv'd me; The gray-brown bird I know, receiv'd us comrades three; And he sang what seem'd the song of death, and a verse for  
 him I love. ²⁶From deep secluded recesses, From the fragrant cedars, and the ghostly pines so still, Came the singing of the bird. ²⁷And the charm of the singing rapt me, As I held, as if by their hands, my comrades in the night; And the voice of my spirit tallied the song of the bird.

16

²⁸Come, lovely and soothing Death, Undulate round the world, serenely arriving, arriving, In the day, in the night, to all, to each, Sooner or later, delicate Death. ²⁹Prais'd be the fathomless universe, For life and joy, and for objects and knowledge curious; And for love, sweet love—But praise! O praise and praise, For the sure-enwinding arms of cool-enfolding Death. ³⁰Dark Mother, always gliding near, with soft feet, Have none chanted for thee a chant of fullest welcome?   [ begin page 10b ]ppp.00473.420.jpg Then I chant it for thee—I glorify thee above all; I bring thee a song that when thou must indeed come, come  
 unfalteringly. ³¹Approach, encompassing Death—strong Deliveress! When it is so—when thou hast taken them, I joyously sing  
 the dead, Lost in the loving, floating ocean of thee, Laved in the flood of thy bliss, O Death. ³²From me to thee glad serenades, Dances for thee I propose, saluting thee—adornments and  
 feastings for thee; And the sights of the open landscape, and the high-spread  
 sky, are fitting, And life and the fields, and the huge and thoughtful night. ³³The night, in silence, under many a star; The ocean shore, and the husky whispering wave, whose  
 voice I know; And the soul turning to thee, O vast and well-veil'd Death, And the body gratefully nestling close to thee. ³⁴Over the tree-tops I float thee a song! Over the rising and sinking waves—over the myriad fields, 
 and the prairies wide; Over the dense-pack'd cities all, and the teeming wharves  
 and ways, I float this carol with joy, with joy to thee, O Death!

17

³⁵To the tally of my soul, Loud and strong kept up the gray-brown bird, With pure, deliberate notes, spreading, filling the night. ³⁶Loud in the pines and cedars dim, Clear in the freshness moist, and the swamp-perfume; And I with my comrades there in the night.   [ begin page 11b ]ppp.00473.421.jpg ³⁷While my sight that was bound in my eyes unclosed, As to long panoramas of visions.

18

³⁸I saw the vision of armies; And I saw, as in noiseless dreams, hundreds of battle-flags; Borne through the smoke of the battles, and pierc'd with  
 missiles, I saw them, And carried hither and yon through the smoke, and torn  
 and bloody; And at last but a few shreds of the flags left on the staffs, 
 (and all in silence,) And the staffs all splinter'd and broken. ³⁹I saw battle-corpses, myriads of them, And the white skeletons of young men—I saw them; I saw the debris and debris of all dead soldiers; But I saw they were not as was thought; They themselves were fully at rest—they suffer'd not; The living remain'd and suffer'd—the mother suffer'd, And the wife and the child, and the musing comrade suf- 
 fer, And the armies that remain'd suffer'd.

19

⁴⁰Passing the visions, passing the night; Passing, unloosing the hold of my comrades' hands; Passing the song of the hermit bird, and the tallying song  
 of my soul, Victorious song, death's outlet song, (yet varying, ever- 
 altering song, As low and wailing, yet clear the notes, rising and falling, 
 flooding the night, Sadly sinking and fainting, as warning and warning, and  
 yet again bursting with joy,) Covering the earth, and filling the spread of the heaven, As that powerful psalm in the night I heard from recesses.   [ begin page 12b ]ppp.00473.422.jpg

20

⁴¹Must I leave thee, lilac with heart-shaped leaves? Must I leave thee there in the door-yard, blooming, return- 
 ing with spring? ⁴²Must I pass from my song for thee; From my gaze on thee in the west, fronting the west, com- 
 muning with thee, O comrade lustrous, with silver face in the night?

21

⁴³Yet each I keep, and all; The song, the wondrous chant of the gray-brown bird, I keep, And the tallying chant, the echo arous'd in my soul, I keep, With the lustrous and drooping star, with the countenance  
 full of woe; With the lilac tall, and its blossoms of mastering odor; Comrades mine, and I in the midst, and their memory ever  
 I keep—for the dead I loved so well; For the sweetest, wisest soul of all my days and lands…  
 and this for his dear sake; Lilac and star and bird, twined with the chant of my soul, With the holders holding my hand, nearing the call of the  
 bird, There in the fragrant pines, and the cedars dusk and dim.

RACE OF VETERANS.

RACE of veterans! Race of the soil, ready for conflict! race of the conquering  
 march! (No more credulity's race, abiding-temper'd race;) Race owning no law but the law of itself; Race of passion and the storm.   [ begin page 13b ]ppp.00473.423.jpg

O CAPTAIN! MY CAPTAIN!

1

O CAPTAIN! my captain! our fearful trip is done; The ship has weather'd every rack, the prize we sought is  
 won; The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting, While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring: But O heart! heart! heart! Leave you not the little spot, Where on the deck my captain lies. Fallen cold and dead.

2

O captain! my captain! rise up and hear the bells; Rise up—for you the flag is flung—for you the bugle trills; For you bouquets and ribbon'd wreaths—for you the shores  
 a-crowding; For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces  
 turning; O captain! dear father! This arm I push beneath you; It is some dream that on the deck, You've fallen cold and dead.

3

My captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still; My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will: But the ship, the ship is anchor'd safe, its voyage closed and  
 done; From fearful trip, the victor ship, comes in with object won: Exult, O shores, and ring, O bells! But I, with silent tread, Walk the spot my captain lies, Fallen cold and dead.   [ begin page 14b ]ppp.00473.424.jpg

SPIRIT WHOSE WORK IS DONE.

SPIRIT whose work is done! spirit of dreadful hours! Ere, departing, fade from my eyes your forests of bayonets; Spirit of gloomiest fears and doubts, (yet onward ever unfal- 
 tering pressing;) Spirit of many a solemn day, and many a savage scene!  
 Electric spirit! That with muttering voice, through the years now closed,  
 like a tireless phantom flitted, Rousing the land with breath of flame, while you beat and  
 beat the drum; —Now, as the sound of the drum, hollow and harsh to the  
 last, reverberates round me; As your ranks, your immortal ranks, return, return from  
 the battles; While the muskets of the young men yet lean over their  
 shoulders; While I look on the bayonets bristling over their shoulders; While those slanted bayonets, whole forests of them, ap- 
 pearing in the distance, approach and pass on, re- 
 turning homeward, Moving with steady motion, swaying to and fro, to the right  
 and left, Evenly, lightly rising and falling, as the steps keep time: —Spirit of hours I knew, all hectic red one day, but pale as  
 death next day; Touch my mouth, ere you depart—press my lips close! Leave me your pulses of rage! bequeath them to me! fill  
 me with currents convulsive! Let them scorch and blister out of my chants, when you are  
 gone; Let them identify you to the future in these songs.   [ begin page 15b ]ppp.00473.425.jpg

CHANTING THE SQUARE DEIFIC.

1

CHANTING the square deific, out of the One advancing, out  
 of the sides; Out of the old and new—out of the square entirely divine, Solid, four-sided, (all the sides needed)…from this side  
 JEHOVAH am I, Old Brahm I, and I Saturnius am; Not Time affects me—I am Time, modern as any; Unpersuadable, relentless, executing righteous judgments; As the Earth, the Father, the brown old Kronos, with laws, Aged beyond computation—yet ever new—ever with those  
 mighty laws rolling, Relentless, I forgive no man—whoever sins, dies—I will  
 have that man's life; Therefore let none expect mercy—Have the seasons, gravi- 
 tation, the appointed days, mercy?—No more have I; But as the seasons, and gravitation—and as all the appointed  
 days, that forgive not, I dispense from this side judgments inexorable, without the  
 least remorse.

2

Consolator most mild, the promis'd one advancing, With gentle hand extended, the mightier God am I, Foretold by prophets and poets, in their most rapt proph- 
 ecies and poems; From this side, lo! the Lord CHRIST gazes—lo! Hermes I—  
 lo! mine is Hercules' face; All sorrow, labor, suffering, I, tallying it, absorb in myself; Many times have I been rejected, taunted, put in prison,  
 and crucified—and many times shall be again; All the world have I given up for my dear brothers' and  
 sisters' sake—for the soul's sake;   [ begin page 16b ]ppp.00473.426.jpg Wending my way through the homes of men, rich or  
 poor, with the kiss of affection; For I am affection—I am the cheer-bringing God, with hope,  
 and all-enclosing Charity; (Conqueror yet—for before me all the armies and soldiers  
 of the earth shall yet bow—and all the weapons of  
 war become impotent:) With indulgent words, as to children—with fresh and sane  
 words, mine only; Young and strong I pass, knowing well I am destin'd my- 
 self to an early death: But my Charity has no death—my Wisdom dies not, neither  
 early nor late, And my sweet Love, bequeath'd here and elsewhere, never  
 dies.

3

Aloof, dissatisfied, plotting revolt, Comrade of criminals, brother of slaves, Crafty, despised, a drudge, ignorant, With sudra face and worn brow—black, but in the depths  
 of my heart, proud as any; Lifted, now and always, against whoever, scorning, assumes  
 to rule me; Morose, full of guile, full of reminiscences, brooding, with  
 many wiles, (Though it was thought I was baffled and dispell'd, and  
 my wiles done—but that will never be;) Defiant, I, SATAN, still live—still utter words—in new lands  
 duly appearing, (and old ones also;) Permanent here, from my side, warlike, equal with any,  
 real as any, Nor time, nor change, shall ever change me or my words.

4

Santa SPIRITA, breather, life, Beyond the light, lighter than light, Beyond the flames of hell—joyous, leaping easily above hell;   [ begin page 17b ]ppp.00473.427.jpg Beyond Paradise—perfumed solely with mine own perfume; Including all life on earth—touching, including God—  
 including Saviour and Satan; Ethereal, pervading all, (for without me, what were all?  
 what were God?) Essence of forms—life of the real identities, permanent,  
 positive, (namely the unseen,) Life of the great round world, the sun and stars, and of  
 man—I, the general Soul, Here the square finishing, the solid, I the most solid, Breathe my breath also through these little songs.

I HEARD YOU, SOLEMN-SWEET PIPES OF THE ORGAN.

I HEARD you, solemn-sweet pipes of the organ, as last  
 Sunday morn I pass'd the church; Winds of autumn!—as I walk'd the woods at dusk, I  
 heard your long-stretch'd sighs, up above, so  
 mournful; I heard the perfect Italian tenor, singing at the opera—I  
 heard the soprano in the midst of the quartet singing; …Heart of my love!—you too I heard, murmuring low,  
 through one of the wrists around my head; Heard the pulse of you, when all was still, ringing little  
 bells last night under my ear.

NOT MY ENEMIES EVER INVADE ME.

NOT my enemies ever invade me—no harm to my pride from  
 them I fear; But the lovers I recklessly love—lo! how they master me! Lo! me, ever open and helpless, bereft of my strength! Utterly abject, grovelling on the ground before them.   [ begin page 18b ]ppp.00473.428.jpg

O ME! O LIFE!

O ME! O life!…of the questions of these recurring; Of the endless trains of the faithless—of cities fill'd with  
 the foolish; Of myself forever reproaching myself, (for who more fool- 
 ish than I, and who more faithless?) Of eyes that vainly crave the light—of the objects mean—of  
 the struggle ever renew'd; Of the poor results of all—of the plodding and sordid crowds  
 I see around me; Of the empty and useless years of the rest—with the rest me  
 intertwined; The question, O me! so sad, recurring—What good amid  
 these, O me, O life?

Answer.

That you are here—that life exists, and identity; That the powerful play goes on, and you will contribute a  
 verse.

AH POVERTIES, WINCINGS, AND SULKY RETREATS.

AH poverties, wincings, and sulky retreats! Ah you foes that in conflict have overcome me! (For what is my life, or any man's life, but a conflict with  
 foes—the old, the incessant war?) You degradations—you tussle with passions and appetites; You smarts from dissatisfied friendships, (ah wounds, the  
 sharpest of all;) You toil of painful and choked articulations—you mean- 
 nesses; You shallow tongue-talks at tables, (my tongue the shal- 
 lowest of any;) You broken resolutions, you racking angers, you smother'd  
 ennuis; Ah, think not you finally triumph—My real self has yet to  
 come forth; It shall yet march forth o'ermastering, till all lies beneath me; It shall yet stand up the soldier of unquestion'd victory.   [ begin page 19b ]ppp.00473.429.jpg

AS I LAY WITH MY HEAD IN YOUR LAP, 
  CAMERADO.

AS I lay with my head in your lap, camerado, The confession I made I resume—what I said to you and  
 the open air I resume: I know I am restless, and make others so; I know my words are weapons, full of danger, full of death; (Indeed I am myself the real soldier; It is not he, there, with his bayonet, and not the red-striped  
 artilleryman;) For I confront peace, security, and all the settled laws, to  
 unsettle them; I am more resolute because all have denied me, than I could  
 ever have been had all accepted me; I heed not, and have never heeded, either experience, cau- 
 tions, majorities, nor ridicule; And the threat of what is call'd hell is little or nothing to  
 me; And the lure of what is call'd heaven is little or nothing  
 to me; …Dear camerado! I confess I have urged you onward  
 with me, and still urge you, without the least idea  
 what is our destination, Or whether we shall be victorious, or utterly quell'd and  
 defeated.

THIS DAY, O SOUL.

THIS day, O soul, I give you a wondrous mirror; Long in the dark, in tarnish and cloud it lay—But the cloud  
 has pass'd, and the tarnish gone; …Behold, O soul! it is now a clean and bright mirror, Faithfully showing you all the things of the world.   [ begin page 20b ]ppp.00473.430.jpg

IN CLOUDS DESCENDING, IN MIDNIGHT SLEEP.

1

IN clouds descending, in midnight sleep, of many a face of  
 anguish, Of the look at first of the mortally wounded—of that inde- 
 scribable look; Of the dead on their backs, with arms extended wide, I dream, I dream, I dream.

2

Of scenes of nature, the fields and the mountains; Of the skies, so beauteous after the storm—and at night the  
 moon so unearthly bright, Shining sweetly, shining down, where we dig the trenches  
 and gather the heaps, I dream, I dream, I dream.

3

Long have they pass'd, long lapsed—faces and trenches and  
 fields; Long through the carnage I moved with a callous compos- 
 ure—or away from the fallen, Onward I sped at the time—But now of their forms at night, I dream, I dream, I dream.

AN ARMY ON THE MARCH.

WITH its cloud of skirmishers in advance, With now the sound of a single shot, snapping like a whip,  
 and now an irregular volley, The swarming ranks press on and on, the dense brigades  
 press on; Glittering dimly, toiling under the sun, the dust-cover'd men, In columns rise and fall to the undulations of the ground, With artillery interspers'd—the wheels rumble, the horses  
 sweat, As the army resistless advances.   [ begin page 21b ]ppp.00473.431.jpg

DIRGE FOR TWO VETERANS.

1

THE last sunbeam Lightly falls from the finish'd Sabbath, On the pavement here—and there beyond, it is looking, Down a new-made double grave.

2

Lo! the moon ascending! Up from the east, the silvery round moon; Beautiful over the house-tops, ghastly, phantom moon; Immense and silent moon.

3

I see a sad procession, And I hear the sound of coming full-key'd bugles; All the channels of the city streets they're flooding, As with voices and with tears.

4

I hear the great drums pounding, And the small drums steady whirring; And every blow of the great convulsive drums, Strikes me through and through.

5

For the son is brought with the father; (In the foremost ranks of the fierce assault they fell; Two veterans, son and father, dropt together, And the double grave awaits them.)

6

Now nearer blow the bugles, And the drums strike more convulsive; And the day-light o'er the pavement quite has faded, And the strong dead-march enwraps me.   [ begin page 22b ]ppp.00473.432.jpg

7

In the eastern sky up-buoying, The sorrowful vast phantom moves illumin'd; ('T is some mother's large, transparent face, In heaven brighter growing.)

8

O strong dead-march, you please me! O moon immense, with your silvery face you soothe me! O my soldiers twain! O my veterans, passing to burial! What I have I also give you.

9

The moon gives you light, And the bugles and the drums give you music; And my heart, O my soldiers, my veterans, My heart gives you love.

HOW SOLEMN, AS ONE BY ONE.

HOW solemn, as one by one, As the ranks returning, all worn and sweaty—as the men  
 file by where I stand; As the faces, the masks appear—as I glance at the faces,  
 studying the masks; (As I glance upward out of this page, studying you, dear  
 friend, whoever you are;) How solemn the thought of my whispering soul, to each in  
 the ranks, and to you; I see behind each mask, that wonder, a kindred soul: O the bullet could never kill what you really are, dear  
 friend, Nor the bayonet stab what you really are:  
 …The soul! yourself I see, great as any, good as the best, Waiting secure and content, which the bullet could never  
 kill, Nor the bayonet stab, O friend!   [ begin page 23b ]ppp.00473.433.jpg

LO! VICTRESS ON THE PEAKS!

LO! Victress on the peaks! Where thou standest, with mighty brow, regarding the  
 world, (The world, O Libertad, that vainly conspired against thee;) Out of its countless, beleaguering toils, after thwarting  
 them all; Where thou, dominant, with the dazzling sun around thee, Towerest now unharm'd, in immortal soundness and bloom—  
 lo! in this hour supreme, No poem proud I, chanting, bring to thee—nor mastery's  
 rapturous verse; But a little book, containing night's darkness, and blood- 
 dripping wounds, And psalms of the dead.

RECONCILIATION.

WORD over all, beautiful as the sky! Beautiful that war, and all its deeds of carnage, must in  
 time be utterly lost; That the hands of the sisters Death and Night, incessantly  
 softly wash again, and ever again, this soil'd world: …For my enemy is dead—a man divine as myself is dead; I look where he lies, white-faced and still, in the coffin—I  
 draw near; I bend down and touch lightly with my lips the white face  
 in the coffin.   [ begin page 24b ]ppp.00473.434.jpg

TO THE LEAVEN'D SOIL THEY TROD.

TO the leaven'd soil they trod, calling, I sing, for the last; (Not cities, nor man alone, nor war, nor the dead, But forth from my tent emerging for good—loosing, unty- 
 ing the tent-ropes;) In the freshness, the forenoon air, in the far-stretching cir- 
 cuits and vistas, again to peace restored, To the fiery fields emanative, and the endless vistas beyond—  
 to the south and the north; To the leaven'd soil of the general western world, to attest  
 my songs, (To the average earth, the wordless earth, witness of war  
 and peace,) To the Alleghanian hills, and the tireless Mississippi, To the rocks I, calling, sing, and all the trees in the woods, To the plain of the poems of heroes, to the prairie spreading  
 wide, To the far-off sea, and the unseen winds, and the sane im- 
 palpable air; …And responding, they answer all, (but not in words.) The average earth, the witness of war and peace, acknowl- 
 edges mutely; The prairie draws me close, as the father, to bosom broad,  
 the son; The Northern ice and rain, that began me, nourish me  
 to the end; But the hot sun of the South is to ripen my songs. FINIS.   [ begin page 1c ]ppp.00473.435.jpg LEAVES OF GRASS. SONGS 
  BEFORE PARTING.   [ begin page 2c ]ppp.00473.436.jpg

CONTENTS.

	PAGE
As I sat Alone by Blue Ontario's shore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	4

LEAVES OF GRASS.
"O me, man of slack faith so long!" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	22
"Forms, qualities, lives, humanity, languages, thoughts" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	23
"Now I make a leaf of Voices" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—
"What am I, after all, but a child" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	24
"Locations and times—what is it in me that meets them" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	—

THOUGHTS.
"Of these years I sing" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	25
"Of seeds dropping into the ground" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	26

As Nearing Departure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	27
As I walk, Solitary, Unattended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	28
Song at Sunset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	29
To a Historian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	31
Assurances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	32
So Long! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	33

  [ begin page 3c ]ppp.00473.437.jpg

AS I SAT ALONE BY BLUE ONTARIO'S SHORE.

1

¹AS I sat alone, by blue Ontario's shore, As I mused of these mighty days, and of peace re- 
 turn, and the dead that return no more, A Phantom, gigantic, superb, with stern visage, ac- 
 cost me; Chant me a poem, it said, of the range of the high Soul  
  of Poets, And chant of the welcome bards that breathe but my  
  native air—invoke those bards; And chant me, before you go, the Song of the throes of  
  Democracy. ²(Democracy—the destined conqueror—yet treacher- 
 ous lip-smiles everywhere, And Death and infidelity at every step.)

2

³A nation announcing itself, I myself make the only growth by which I can be ap- 
 preciated, I reject none, accept all, then reproduce all in my own  
 forms.   [ begin page 4c ]ppp.00473.438.jpg ⁴A breed whose proof is in time and deeds; What we are, we are—nativity is answer enough to  
 objections; We wield ourselves as a weapon is wielded, We are powerful and tremendous in ourselves, We are executive in ourselves—We are sufficient in the  
 variety of ourselves, We are the most beautiful to ourselves, and in our- 
 selves; We stand self-pois'd, in the middle, branching thence  
 over the world; From Missouri, Nebraska, or Kansas, laughing attacks  
 to scorn. ⁵Nothing is sinful to us outside of ourselves, Whatever appears, whatever does not appear, we are  
 beautiful or sinful in ourselves only. (O mother! O sisters dear! If we are lost, no victor else has destroy'd us; It is by ourselves we go down to eternal night.)

3

⁷Have you thought there could be but a single  
 Supreme? There can be any number of Supremes—One does not  
 countervail another, any more than one eye- 
 sight countervails another, or one life counter- 
 vails another. ⁸All is eligible to all, All is for individuals—All is for you, No condition is prohibited, not God's, or any. ⁹All comes by the body—only health puts you rapport  
 with the universe. ¹⁰Produce great persons, the rest follows.   [ begin page 5c ]ppp.00473.439.jpg

4

¹¹America isolated I sing; I say that works made here in the spirit of other lands, 
 are so much poison to These States. ¹²How dare these insects assume to write poems for  
 America? For our armies, and the offspring following the armies. ¹³Piety and conformity to them that like! Peace, obesity, allegiance, to them that like! I am he who tauntingly compels men, women, nations, Crying, Leap from your seats, and contend for your  
 lives! ¹⁴I am he who walks the States with a barbed tongue, 
 questioning everyone I meet; Who are you, that wanted only to be told what you  
 knew before? Who are you, that wanted only a book to join you in  
 your nonsense? ¹⁵With pangs and cries, as thine own, O bearer of  
 many children! This chant all wild, to a race of pride I give.) ¹⁶O lands! would you be freer than all that has ever  
 been before? If you would be freer than all that has been before, 
 come listen to me. ¹⁷Fear grace—Fear delicatesse, Fear the mellow sweet, the sucking of honey-juice; Beware the advancing mortal ripening of nature, Beware what precedes the decay of the ruggedness of  
 states and men.   [ begin page 6c ]ppp.00473.440.jpg

5

¹⁸Ages, precedents, chants, have long been accumu- 
 lating undirected materials, America brings builders, and brings its own styles. ¹⁹The poets of Asia and Europe have done their work, 
 and pass'd to other spheres, One work forever remains, the work of surpassing all  
 they have done. ²⁰America, curious toward foreign characters, stands  
 by its own at all hazards, Stands removed, spacious, composite, sound, initiates  
 the true use of precedents, Does not repel them, or the past, or what they have  
 produced under their forms, Takes the lesson with calmness, perceives the corpse  
 slowly borne from the house, Perceives that it waits a little while in the door—that  
 it was fittest for its days, That its life has descended to the stalwart and well- 
 shaped heir who approaches, And that he shall be fittest for his days. ²¹Any period, one nation must lead, One land must be the promise and reliance of the  
 future. ²²These States are the amplest poem, Here is not merely a nation, but a teeming nation of  
 nations, Here the doings of men correspond with the broad- 
 cast doings of the day and night, Here is what moves in magnificent masses, careless of  
 particulars, Here are the roughs, beards, friendliness, combative- 
 ness, the Soul loves, Here the flowing trains—here the crowds, equality, 
 diversity, the Soul loves.   [ begin page 7c ]ppp.00473.441.jpg

6

²³Land of lands, and bards to corroborate! Of them, standing among them, one lifts to the light  
 his west-bred face, To him the hereditary countenance bequeath'd, both  
 mother's and father's, His first parts substances, earth, water, animals, trees, Built of the common stock, having room for far and  
 near. Used to dispense with other lands, incarnating this  
 land, Attracting it Body and Soul to himself, hanging on its  
 neck with incomparable love, Plunging his semitic muscle into its merits and  
 demerits, Making its cities, beginnings, events, diversities, 
 wars, vocal in him, Making its rivers, lakes, bays, embouchure in him, Mississippi with yearly freshets and changing chutes—  
 Columbia, Niagara, Hudson, spending them- 
 selves lovingly in him, If the Atlantic coast stretch, or the Pacific coast  
 stretch, he stretching with them north or south, Spanning between them east and west, and touching  
 whatever is between them, Growths growing from him to offset the growth of  
 pine, cedar, hemlock, live-oak, locust, chestnut, 
 hickory, cotton-wood, orange, magnolia, Tangles as tangled in him as any cane-brake or  
 swamp, He likening sides and peaks of mountains, forests  
 coated with northern transparent ice, Off him pasturage sweet and natural as savanna, up- 
 land, prairie, Through him flights, whirls, screams, answering those  
 of the fish-hawk, mocking-bird, night-heron, 
 and eagle; His spirit surrounding his country's spirit, unclosed  
 to good and evil,   [ begin page 8c ]ppp.00473.442.jpg Surrounding the essences of real things, old times  
 and present times, Surrounding just found shores, islands, tribes of red  
 aborigines, Weather-beaten vessels, landings, settlements, embryo  
 stature and muscle, The haughty defiance of the Year 1—war, peace, the  
 formation of the Constitution, The separate States, the simple, elastic scheme, the  
 immigrants, The Union, always swarming with blatherers, and  
 always sure and impregnable, The unsurvey'd interior, log-houses, clearings, wild  
 animals, hunters, trappers; Surrounding the multiform agriculture, mines, tem- 
 perature, the gestation of new States, Congress convening every Twelfth-month, the mem- 
 bers duly coming up from the uttermost parts; Surrounding the noble character of mechanics and  
 farmers, especially the young men, Responding their manners, speech, dress, friendships  
 —the gait they have of persons who never  
 knew how it felt to stand in the presence of  
 superiors, The freshness and candor of their physiognomy, the  
 copiousness and decision of their phrenology, The picturesque looseness of their carriage, their  
 fierceness when wrong'd, The fluency of their speech, their delight in music, 
 their curiosity, good temper, and open-handed- 
 ness—the whole composite make, The prevailing ardor and enterprise, the large amat- 
 iveness, The perfect equality of the female with the male, the  
 fluid movement of the population, The superior marine, free commerce, fisheries, whal- 
 ing, gold-digging, Wharf-hemm'd cities, railroad and steamboat lines, 
 intersecting all points,   [ begin page 9c ]ppp.00473.443.jpg Factories, mercantile life, labor-saving machinery, the  
 north-east, north-west, south-west, Manhattan firemen, the Yankee swap, southern plan- 
 tation life, Slavery—the murderous, treacherous conspiracy to  
 raise it upon the ruins of all the rest; On and on to the grapple with it—Assassin! then  
 your life or ours be the stake—and respite no  
 more.

7

²⁴(Lo! high toward heaven, this day, Libertad! from the conqueress' field return'd, I mark the new aureola around your head; No more of soft astral, but dazzling and fierce, With war's flames, and the lambent lightnings  
 playing, And your port immovable where you stand; With still the inextinguishable glance, and the clench'd  
 and lifted fist, And your foot on the neck of the menacing one, the  
 scorner, utterly crush'd beneath you; The menacing, arrogant one, that strode and advanced  
 with his senseless scorn, bearing the murderous  
 knife; Lo! the wide swelling one, the braggart, that would  
 yesterday do so much! To-day a carrion dead and damn'd, the despised of  
 all the earth! An offal rank, to the dunghill maggots spurn'd.)

8

²⁵Others take finish, but the Republic is ever con- 
 structive, and ever keeps vista; Others adorn the past—but you, O days of the pres- 
 ent, I adorn you! O days of the future, I believe in you! I isolate my- 
 self for your sake;   [ begin page 10c ]ppp.00473.444.jpg O America, because you build for mankind, I build  
 for you! O well-beloved stone-cutters! I lead them who plan  
 with decision and science, I lead the present with friendly hand toward the  
 future. ²⁶Bravas to all semitic impulses sending strong child- 
 ren to the next age! But damn that which spends itself on flaunters and  
 dalliers, with no thought of the stain, pains, 
 dismay, feebleness, it is bequeathing.

9

²⁷I heard the voice arising, demanding bards; By them, all native and grand—by them only can The  
 States be fused into the compact organism of a  
 nation. ²⁸To hold men together by paper and seal, or by com- 
 pulsion, is no account, That only holds men together which aggregates all in  
 a living principle,, as the hold of the limbs of  
 the body, or the fibres of plants. ²⁹Of all races and eras, These States, with veins full of  
 poetical stuff, most need poets, and are to have  
 the greatest, and use them the greatest; Their Presidents shall not be their common referee  
 so much as their poets shall. ³⁰(Soul of love, and tongue of fire! Eye to pierce the deepest deeps, and sweep the  
 world! —Ah, mother! prolific and full in all besides—yet  
 how long barren, barren?)   [ begin page 7c ]ppp.00473.445.jpg

10

³¹Of mankind, the poet is the equable man, Not in him, but off from him, things are grotesque, 
 eccentric, fail of their full returns, Nothing out of its place is good, nothing in its place  
 is bad, He bestows on every object or quality its fit propor- 
 tion, neither more nor less, He is the arbiter of the diverse, he is the key, He is the equalizer of his age and land, He supplies what wants supplying—he checks what  
 wants checking, In peace, out of him speaks the spirit of peace, large, 
 rich, thrifty, building populous towns, encour- 
 aging agriculture, arts, commerce, lighting the  
 study of man, the Soul, health, immortality, 
 government, In war, he is the best backer of the war—he fetches  
 artillery as good as the engineer's—he can  
 make every word he speaks draw blood; The years straying toward infidelity, he withholds by  
 his steady faith, He is no arguer, he is judgment—(Nature accepts him  
 absolutely;) He judges not as the judge judges, but as the sun  
 falling round a helpless thing; As he sees the farthest, he has the most faith, His thoughts are the hymns of the praise of things, In the dispute on God and eternity he is silent, He sees eternity less like a play with a prologue and  
 denouement, He sees eternity in men and women—he does not see  
 men and women as dreams or dots. ³²For the great Idea, the idea of perfect and free  
 individuals, For that idea, the bard walks in advance, leader of  
 leaders,   [ begin page 12c ]ppp.00473.446.jpg The attitude of him cheers up slaves, and horrifies  
 foreign despots. ³³Without extinction is Liberty! Without retrograde  
 is Equality! They live in the feelings of young men, and the best  
 women, Not for nothing have the indomitable heads of the  
 earth been always ready to fall for Liberty.

11

³⁴For the great Idea! For that we live, my brethren—that is the mission of  
 Poets. ³⁵With their poems of stern defiance, ever ready, With songs of the rapid arming, and the march, And the flag of peace quick-folded, and the song, 
 instead, of the flag we know, The flag of the youths and veterans—flaunting flag, Warlike flag of the great Idea. ³⁶(Angry cloth I saw there leaping! I stand again in the leaden rain, your flapping folds  
 saluting; I sing you over all, flying, beckoning through the fight  
 —O the hard-contested fight! O the cannons ope their rosy-flashing muzzles! the  
 hurtled balls scream! The battle-front forms amid the smoke—the volleys  
 pour incessant from the line; Hark! the ringing word, Charge!—now the tussle, and  
 the furious maddening yells; Now the corpses tumble curl'd upon the ground, Cold, cold in death, for precious life of you, Angry cloth I saw there leaping.)

12

³⁷Are you he who would assume a place to teach here, 
 or lead here, or be a poet here? The place is august—the terms obdurate.   [ begin page 13c ]ppp.00473.447.jpg ³⁸Who would assume to teach here, may well prepare  
 himself, body and mind, He may well survey, ponder, arm, fortify, harden, 
 make lithe, himself, He shall surely be question'd beforehand by me with  
 many and stern questions. ³⁹Who are you, indeed, who would talk or sing to  
 America? Have you studied out my land, its idioms and men? Have you learn'd the physiology, phrenology, politics, 
 geography, pride, freedom, friendship, of my  
 land? its substratums and objects? Have you consider'd the organic compact of the first  
 day of the first year of the independence of  
 The States, sign'd by the Commissioners, ratified  
 by The States, and read by Washington at the  
 head of the army? Have you possess'd yourself of the Federal Constitu- 
 tion? Do you see who have left all feudal processes and  
 poems behind them, and assumed the poems  
 and processes of Democracy? Are you faithful to things? Do you teach as the land  
 and sea, the bodies of men, womanhood, 
 amativenesss, angers, teach? Have you sped through fleeting customs, popularities? Can you hold your hand against all seductions, follies, 
 whirls, fierce contentions? Are you very  
 strong? Are you really of the whole people? Are you not of some coterie? some school or mere  
 religion? Are you done with reviews and criticisms of life? 
 animating now to life itself? Have you vivified yourself from the maternity of These  
 States? Have you too the old, ever-fresh, forbearance and  
 impartiality?   [ begin page 14c ]ppp.00473.448.jpg Do you hold the like love for those hardening to  
 maturity; for the last-born? little and big? 
 and for the errant? ⁴⁰What is this you bring my America? Is it uniform with my country? Is it not something that has been better told or done  
 before? Have you not imported this, or the spirit of it, in  
 some ship? Is it a mere tale? a rhyme? a prettiness? Has it not dangled long at the heels of the poets, 
 politicians, literats, of enemies' lands? Does it not assume that what is notoriously gone is  
 still here? Does it answer universal needs? Will it improve  
 manners? Can your performance face the open fields and the  
 sea-side? Will it absorb into me as I absorb food, air—to appear  
 again in my strength, gait, face? Have real employments contributed to it? original  
 makers—not mere amanuenses? Does it meet modern discoveries, calibers, facts, face  
 to face? What does it mean to me? to American persons, pro- 
 gresses, cities? Chicago, Kanada, Arkansas? 
 the planter, Yankee, Georgian, native, immi- 
 grant, sailors, squatters, old States, new States? Does it encompass all The States, and the unexcep- 
 tional rights of all the men and women of the  
 earth? (the genital impulse of These States;) Does it see behind the apparent custodians, the  
 real custodians, standing, menacing, silent—the  
 mechanics, Manhattanese, western men, south- 
 erners, significant alike in their apathy, and in  
 the promptness of their love?   [ begin page 15c ]ppp.00473.449.jpg Does it see what finally befalls, and has always finally  
 befallen, each temporizer, patcher, outsider, 
 partialist, alarmist, infidel, who has ever ask'd  
 anything of America? What mocking and scornful negligence? The track strew'd with the dust of skeletons; By the roadside others disdainfully toss'd.

13

⁴¹Rhymes and rhymers pass away—poems distill'd  
 from other poems pass away, The swarms of reflectors and the polite pass, and  
 leave ashes; Admirers, importers, obedient persons, make but the  
 soil of literature; America justifies itself, give it time—no disguise can  
 deceive it, or conceal from it—it is impassive  
 enough, Only toward the likes of itself will it advance to meet  
 them, If its poets appear, it will in due time advance to meet  
 them—there is no fear of mistake, (The proof of a poet shall be sternly deferr'd, till his  
 country absorbs him as affectionately as he has  
 absorb'd it.) ⁴²He masters whose spirit masters—he tastes sweetest  
 who results sweetest in the long run; The blood of the brawn beloved of time is uncon- 
 straint; In the need of poems, philosophy, politics, manners, 
 engineering, an appropriate native grand-opera, 
 shipcraft, any craft, he or she is greatest who  
 contributes the greatest original practical ex- 
 ample. ⁴³Already a nonchalant breed, silently emerging, 
 appears on the streets,   [ begin page 16c ]ppp.00473.450.jpg People's lips salute only doers, lovers, satisfiers, 
 positive knowers; There will shortly be no more priests—I say their  
 work is done, Death is without emergencies here, but life is per- 
 petual emergencies here, Are your body, days, manners, superb? after death  
 you shall be superb; Justice, health, self-esteem, clear the way with irre- 
 sistible power; How dare you place anything before a man?

14

⁴⁴Fall behind me, States! A man before all—myself, typical, before all. ⁴⁵Give me the pay I have served for! Give me to sing the songs of the great Idea! take all  
 the rest; I have loved the earth, sun, animals—I have despised  
 riches, I have given alms to every one that ask'd, stood up  
 for the stupid and crazy, devoted my income  
 and labor to others, I have hated tyrants, argued not concerning God, 
 had patience and indulgence toward the peo- 
 ple, taken off my hat to nothing known or un- 
 known, I have gone freely with powerful uneducated persons, 
 and with the young, and with the mothers of  
 families, I have read these leaves to myself in the open air—I  
 have tried them by trees, stars, rivers, I have dismiss'd whatever insulted my own Soul or  
 defiled my Body, I have claim'd nothing to myself which I have not  
 carefully claim'd for others on the same terms, I have sped to the camps, and comrades found and  
 accepted from every State,   [ begin page 17c ]ppp.00473.451.jpg I am willing to wait to be understood by the growth  
 of the taste of myself, I reject none, I permit all. ⁴⁶(Say, O mother! have I not to your thought been  
 faithful? Have I not, through life, kept that alone before me?)

15

⁴⁷I swear I begin to see the meaning of these things! It is not the earth, it is not America, who is so great, It is I who am great, or to be great—it is you up  
 there, or any one, It is to walk rapidly through civilizations, govern- 
 ments, theories, Through poems, pageants, shows, to individuals. ⁴⁸Underneath all, individuals! I swear nothing is good to me now that ignores  
 individuals! The American compact is altogether with individuals, The only government is that which makes minute of  
 individuals, The whole theory of the universe is directed to one  
 single individual—namely, to You. ⁴⁹(Mother! with subtle sense—with the naked sword  
 in your hand, I saw you at last refuse to treat but directly with  
 individuals.)

16

⁵⁰Underneath all, nativity, I swear I will stand by my own nativity—pious or  
 impious, so be it; I swear I am charm'd with nothing except nativity, Men, women, cities, nations, are only beautiful from  
 nativity.   [ begin page 18c ]ppp.00473.452.jpg ⁵¹Underneath all is the need of the expression of love  
 for men and women, I swear I have seen enough of mean and impotent  
 modes of expressing love for men and women, After this day I take my own modes of expressing  
 love for men and women. ⁵²I swear I will have each quality of my race in  
 myself, (Talk as you like, he only suits These States whose  
 manners favor the audacity and sublime turbu- 
 lence of The States.) ⁵³Underneath the lessons of things, spirits, Nature, 
 governments, ownerships, I swear I perceive  
 other lessons, Underneath all, to me is myself—to you, yourself, 
 (the same monotonous old song.)

17

⁵⁴O I see now, flashing, that this America is only you  
 and me, Its power, weapons, testimony, are you and me, Its crimes, lies, thefts, defections, slavery, are you  
 and me, Its Congress is you and me—the officers, capitols, 
 armies, ships, are you and me, Its endless gestations of new States are you and me, The war—that war so bloody and grim—the war I  
 wish to forget—was you and me, Natural and artificial are you and me, Freedom, language, poems, employments, are you  
 and me, Past, present, future, are you and me.

18

⁵⁵I swear I dare not shirk any part of myself, Not any part of America, good or bad,   [ begin page 19c ]ppp.00473.453.jpg Not the promulgation of Liberty—not to cheer up  
 slaves and horrify foreign despots, Not to build for that which builds for mankind, Not to balance ranks, complexions, creeds, and the  
 sexes, Not to justify science, nor the march of equality, Nor to feed the arrogant blood of the brawn beloved  
 of time. ⁵⁶I swear I am for those that have never been  
 master'd! For men and women whose tempers have never been  
 master'd, For those whom laws, theories, conventions, can never  
 master. ⁵⁷I swear I am for those who walk abreast with the  
 whole earth! Who inaugurate one, to inaugurate all. ⁵⁸I swear I will not be outfaced by irrational things! I will penetrate what it is in them that is sarcastic  
 upon me! I will make cities and civilizations defer to me! This is what I have learnt from America—it is the  
 amount—and it I teach again. ⁵⁹(Democracy! while weapons were everywhere aim'd  
 at your breast, I saw you serenely give birth to children—saw in  
 dreams your dilating form; Saw you with spreading mantle covering the world.)

19

⁶⁰I will confront these shows of the day and night! I will know if I am to be less than they! I will see if I am not as majestic as they! I will see if I am not as subtle and real as they! I will see if I am to be less generous than they!   [ begin page 20c ]ppp.00473.454.jpg ⁶¹I will see if I have no meaning, while the houses  
 and ships have meaning! I will see if the fishes and birds are to be enough for  
 themselves, and I am not to be enough for  
 myself.

20

⁶²I match my spirit against yours, you orbs, growths, 
 mountains, brutes, Copious as you are, I absorb you all in myself, and  
 become the master myself. ⁶³America isolated, yet embodying all, what is it  
 finally except myself? These States—what are they except myself? ⁶⁴I know now why the earth is gross, tantalizing, 
 wicked—it is for my sake, I take you to be mine, you beautiful, terrible, rude  
 forms. ⁶⁵(Mother! bend down, bend close to me your face! I know not what these plots and deferments are for; I know not fruition's success—but I know that through  
 war and peace your work goes on, and must  
 yet go on.)

21

⁶⁶……Thus, by blue Ontario's shore, While the winds fann'd me, and the waves came  
 trooping toward me, I sang with the Power's pulsations—and the charm of  
 my theme was upon me, Till the tissues that held me, parted their ties upon  
 me. ⁶⁷And I saw the free Soul of poets; The loftiest bards of past ages strode before me, Strange, large men, long unwaked, undisclosed, were  
 disclosed to me.   [ begin page 21c ]ppp.00473.455.jpg

22

⁶⁸O my rapt song, my charm—mock me not! Not for the bards of the past—not to invoke them  
 have I launch'd you forth, Not to call even those lofty bards here by Ontario's  
 shores, Have I sung, so capricious and loud, my savage song. ⁶⁹But, O strong soul of Poets, Bards for my own land, ere I go, I invoke. ⁷⁰You Bards grand as these days so grand! Bards of the great Idea! Bards of the wondrous in- 
 ventions! Bards of the marching armies—a million soldiers  
 waiting ever-ready, Bards towering like hills—(no more these dots, these  
 pigmies, these little piping straws, these gnats, 
 that fill the hour, to pass for poets;) Bards with songs as from burning coals, or the light- 
 ning fork'd stripes! Ample Ohio's bards—bards for California! inland  
 bards; Bards of pride! Bards tallying the ocean's roar, and  
 the swooping eagle's scream! You, by my charm, I invoke!   [ begin page 22c ]ppp.00473.456.jpg

LEAVES OF GRASS.

1

¹ O ME, man of slack faith so long! Standing aloof—denying portions so long; Only aware to-day of compact, all-diffused truth; Discovering to-day there is no lie, or form of lie, and  
 can be none, but grows as inevitably upon it- 
 self as the truth does upon itself, Or as any law of the earth, or any natural production  
 of the earth does. ²(This is curious, and may not be realized immedi- 
 ately—But it must be realized; I feel in myself that I represent falsehoods equally  
 with the rest, And that the universe does.) ³Where has fail'd a perfect return, indifferent of lies  
 or the truth? Is it upon the ground, or in water or fire? or in the  
 spirit of man? or in the meat and blood? ⁴Meditating among liars, and retreating sternly into  
 myself, I see that there are really no liars or  
 lies after all, And that nothing fails its perfect return—And that  
 what are called lies are perfect returns, And that each thing exactly represents itself, and  
 what has preceded it, And that the truth includes all, and is compact, just  
 as much as space is compact,   [ begin page 23c ]ppp.00473.457.jpg And that there is no flaw or vacuum in the amount of  
 the truth—but that all is truth without ex- 
 ception; And henceforth I will go celebrate anything I see  
 or am, And sing and laugh, and deny nothing.

2.

FORMS, qualities, lives, humanity, language, thoughts, The ones known, and the ones unknown—the ones on  
 the stars, The stars themselves, some shaped, others unshaped, Wonders as of those countries—the soil, trees, cities,  
 inhabitants, whatever they may be, Splendid suns, the moons and rings, the countless  
 combinations and effects; Such-like, and as good as such-like, visible here or  
 anywhere, stand provided for in a handful of  
 space, which I extend my arm and half enclose  
 with my hand; That contains the start of each and all—the virtue,  
 the germs of all.

3.

¹NOW I make a leaf of Voices—for I have found  
 nothing mightier than they are, And I have found that no word spoken, but is beauti- 
 ful, in its place. ²O what is it in me that makes me tremble so at  
 voices? Surely, whoever speaks to me in the right voice, him  
 or her I shall follow,   [ begin page 24c ]ppp.00473.458.jpg As the water follows the moon, silently, with fluid  
 steps any where around the globe. ³All waits for the right voices; Where is the practis'd and perfect organ? Where is  
 the develop'd Soul? For I see every word utter'd thence has deeper, 
 sweeter, new sounds, impossible on less terms. ⁴I see brains and lips closed—tympans and temples  
 unstruck, Until that comes which has the quality to strike and  
 to unclose, Until that comes which has the quality to bring forth  
 what lies slumbering, forever ready, in all  
 words.

4.

¹ WHAT am I, after all, but a child, pleased with the  
 sound of my own name? repeating it over and  
 over; I stand apart to hear—it never tires me. ²To you, your name also, Did you think there was nothing but two or three pro- 
 nunciations in the sound of your name?

5

LOCATIONS and times—what is it in me that meets them  
 all, whenever and wherever, and makes me at  
 home? Forms, colors, densities, odors—what is it in me that  
 corresponds with them?   [ begin page 25c ]ppp.00473.459.jpg

THOUGHTS.

1.

OF these years I sing, How they pass through convuls'd pains, as through  
 parturitions; How America illustrates birth, gigantic youth, the  
 promise, the sure fulfilment, despite of people  
 —Illustrates evil as well as good; How many hold despairingly yet to the models de- 
 parted, caste, myths, obedience, compulsion, and  
 to infidelity; How few see the arrived models, the Athletes, The  
 States—or see freedom or spirituality—or hold  
 any faith in results, (But I see the Athletes—and I see the results glorious  
 and inevitable—and they again leading to other  
 results;) How the great cities appear—How the Democratic  
 masses, turbulent, wilful, as I love them, How the whirl, the contest, the wrestle of evil with  
 good, the sounding and resounding, keep on  
 and on; How society waits unform'd, and is between things  
 ended and things begun; How America is the continent of glories, and of the  
 triumph of freedom, and of the Democracies,  
 and of the fruits of society, and of all that is  
 begun; And how The States are complete in themselves—  
 And how all triumphs and glories are complete  
 in themselves, to lead onward, And how these of mine, and of The States, will in  
 their turn be convuls'd, and serve other par- 
 turitions and transitions, And how all people, sights, combinations, the Demo- 
 cratic masses, too, serve—and how every fact  
 serves,   [ begin page 26c ]ppp.00473.460.jpg And how now, or at any time, each serves the exquisite  
 transition of Death.

2.

OF seeds dropping into the ground—of birth, Of the steady concentration of America, inland, up- 
 ward, to impregnable and swarming places, Of what Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio and the rest, are  
 to be, Of what a few years will show there in Nebraska,  
 Colorado, Nevada, and the rest; Of what the feuillage of America is the preparation  
 for—and of what all the sights, North, South,  
 East and West, are; Of the temporary use of materials, for identity's  
 sake, Of departing—of the growth of a mightier race than  
 any yet, Of myself, soon, perhaps, closing up my songs by  
 these shores, Of California—of Oregon—and of me journeying to  
 live and sing there; Of the Western Sea—of the spread inland between it  
 and the spinal river, Of the great pastoral area, athletic and feminine, Of all sloping down there where the fresh free giver,  
 the mother, the Mississippi flows, Of future men and women there—of happiness in  
 those high plateaus, ranging three thousand  
 miles, warm and cold; Of cities yet unsurvey'd and unsuspected, (as I am  
 also, and as it must be;) Of the new and good names—of the strong develop- 
 ments—of inalienable homesteads; Of a free and original life there—of simple diet and  
 clean and sweet blood; Of litheness, majestic faces, clear eyes, and perfect  
 physique there;   [ begin page 27c ]ppp.00473.461.jpg Of immense spiritual results, future years, each side  
 of the Anahuacs; Of these leaves, well understood there, (being made  
 for that area;) Of the native scorn of grossness and gain there; (O it lurks in me night and day—What is gain, after  
 all, to savageness and freedom?)

AS NEARING DEPARTURE.

¹ AS nearing departure, As the time draws nigh, glooming, a cloud, A dread beyond, of I know not what, darkens me. ²I shall go forth, I shall traverse The States—but I cannot tell whither  
 or how long; Perhaps soon, some day or night while I am singing,  
 my voice will suddenly cease. ³O book and chant! must all then amount to but  
 this? Must we barely arrive at this beginning of me?…  
 And yet it is enough, O soul! O soul! we have positively appear'd—that is enough.   [ begin page 28c ]ppp.00473.462.jpg

AS I WALK, SOLITARY, UNATTENDED.

¹ AS I walk, solitary, unattended, Around me I hear that eclat of the world—politics,  
 produce, The announcements of recognized things—science, The approved growth of cities, and the spread of  
 inventions. ²I see the ships, (they will last a few years,) The vast factories, with their foremen and workmen, And hear the indorsement of all, and do not object  
 to it. ³But we too announce solid things; Science, ships, politics, cities, factories, are not nothing  
 —they serve, They stand for realities—all is as it should be. ⁴Then my realities; What else is so real as mine? Libertad, and the divine average—Freedom to every  
 slave on the face of the earth, The rapt promises and luminé of seers—the spiritual  
 world—these centuries-lasting songs, And our visions, the visions of poets, the most solid  
 announcements of any. ⁵For we support all, After the rest is done and gone, we remain; There is no final reliance but upon us; Democracy rests finally upon us, (I, my brethren,  
 begin it,) And our visions sweep through eternity.   [ begin page 29c ]ppp.00473.463.jpg

SONG AT SUNSET.

¹ SPLENDOR of ended day, floating and filling me! Hour prophetic—hour resuming the past! Inflating my throat—you, divine average! You, Earth and Life, till the last ray gleams, I sing. ²Open mouth of my Soul, uttering gladness, Eyes of my Soul, seeing perfection, Natural life of me, faithfully praising things; Corroborating forever the triumph of things. ³Illustrious every one! Illustrious what we name space—sphere of unnum- 
 ber spirits; Illustrious the mystery of motion, in all beings, even  
 the tiniest insect; Illustrious the attribute of speech—the senses—the  
 body; Illustrious the passing light! Illustrious the pale  
 reflection on the new moon in the western sky! Illustrious whatever I see, or hear, or touch, to the  
 last. ⁴Good in all, In the satisfaction and aplomb of animals, In the annual return of the seasons, In the hilarity of youth, In the strength and flush of manhood, In the grandeur and exquisiteness of old age, In the superb vistas of Death. ⁵Wonderful to depart; Wonderful to be here! The heart, to jet the all-alike and innocent blood, To breathe the air, how delicious! To speak! to walk! to seize something by the hand!   [ begin page 30c ]ppp.00473.464.jpg To prepare for sleep, for bed—to look on my rose- 
 color'd flesh, To be conscious of my body, so happy, so large, To be this incredible God I am, To have gone forth among other Gods—those men  
 and women I love. ⁶Wonderful how I celebrate you and myself! How my thoughts play subtly at the spectacles  
 around! How the clouds pass silently overhead! How the earth darts on and on! and how the sun,  
 moon, stars, dart on and on! How the water sports and sings! (Surely it is alive!) How the trees rise and stand up—with strong trunks  
 —with branches and leaves! (Surely there is something more in each of the trees—  
 some living Soul.) ⁷O amazement of things! even the least particle! O spirituality of things! O strain musical, flowing through ages and continents  
 —now reaching me and America! I take your strong chords—I intersperse them, and  
 cheerfully pass them forward. ⁸I too carol the sun, usher'd, or at noon, or, as now,  
 setting, I too throb to the brain and beauty of the earth, and  
 of all the growths of the earth, I too have felt the resistless call of myself. ⁹As I sail'd down the Mississippi, As I wander'd over the prairies, As I have lived—As I have look'd through my win- 
 dows, my eyes, As I went forth in the morning—As I beheld the light  
 breaking in the east;   [ begin page 31c ]ppp.00473.465.jpg As I bathed on the beach of the Eastern Sea, and  
 again on the beach of the Western Sea; As I roam'd the streets of inland Chicago—whatever  
 streets I have roam'd; Wherever I have been, I have charged myself with  
 contentment and triumph. ¹⁰I sing the Equalities; I sing the endless finalés of things; I say Nature continues—Glory continues; I praise with electric voice; For I do not see one imperfection in the universe; And I do not see one cause or result lamentable at last  
 in the universe. ¹¹O setting sun! though the time has come, I still warble under you, unmitigated adoration.

TO A HISTORIAN.

YOU who celebrate bygones! Who have explored the outward, the surfaces of the  
 races—the life that has exhibited itself; Who have treated of man as the creature of politics,  
 aggregates, rulers and priests; I, habitué of the Alleghanies, treating man as he is in  
 himself, in his own rights, Pressing the pulse of the life that has seldom ex- 
 hibited itself, (the great pride of man in him- 
 self;) Chanter of Personality, outlining what is yet to be, I project the history of the future.   [ begin page 32c ]ppp.00473.466.jpg

ASSURANCES.

I NEED no assurances—I am a man who is pre- 
 occupied, of his own Soul; I do not doubt that from under the feet, and beside  
 the hands and face I am cognizant of, are now  
 looking faces I am not cognizant of—calm and  
 actual faces; I do not doubt but the majesty and beauty of the  
 world are latent in any iota of the world; I do not doubt I am limitless, and that the universes  
 are limitless—in vain I try to think how limitless; I do not doubt that the orbs, and the systems of orbs,  
 play their swift sports through the air on pur- 
 pose—and that I shall one day be eligible to  
 do as much as they, and more than they; I do not doubt that temporary affairs keep on and on,  
 millions of years; I do not doubt interiors have their interiors, and ex- 
 teriors have their exteriors—and that the eye- 
 sight has another eye-sight, and the hearing  
 another hearing, and the voice another voice; I do not doubt that the passionately-wept deaths of  
 young men are provided for—and that the  
 deaths of young women, and the deaths of little  
 children, are provided for; I do not doubt that wrecks at sea, no matter what the  
 horrors of them—no matter whose wife, child,  
 husband, father, lover, has gone down—are  
 provided for, to the minutest points; I do not doubt that shallowness, meanness, malig- 
 nance, are provided for; I do not doubt that cities, you, America, the remain- 
 der of the earth, politics, freedom, degrada- 
 tions, are carefully provided for; I do not doubt that whatever can possibly happen,  
 any where, at any time, is provided for, in the  
 inherences of things.   [ begin page 33c ]ppp.00473.467.jpg

SO LONG!

1

¹ To conclude—I announce what comes after me, I announce mightier offspring, orators, days, and  
 then depart. ²I remember I said, before my leaves sprang at all, I would raise my voice jocund and strong, with re- 
 ference to consummations. ³When America does what was promis'd, When there are plentiful athletic bards, inland and  
 seaboard, When through These States walk a hundred millions  
 of superb persons, When the rest part away for superb persons, and con- 
 tribute to them, When breeds of the most perfect mothers denote  
 America, Then to me my due fruition. ⁴I have press'd through in my own right, I have offer'd my style to every one—I have journey'd  
 with confident step, While my pleasure is yet at the full, I whisper, So  
  long! And take the young woman's hand, and the young  
 man's hand, for the last time.

2

⁵I announce natural persons to arise, I announce justice triumphant,   [ begin page 34c ]ppp.00473.468.jpg I announce uncompromising liberty and equality, I announce the justification of candor, and the justi- 
 fication of pride. ⁶I announce that the identity of These States is a  
 single identity only, I announce the Union more and more compact, I announce splendors and majesties to make all the  
 previous politics of the earth insignificant. ⁷I announce adhesiveness—I say it shall be limitless, 
 unloosen'd, I say you shall yet find the friend you was looking  
 for. ⁸I announce a man or woman coming—perhaps you  
 are the one,(So long!) I announce the great individual, fluid as Nature, chaste, 
 affectionate, compassionate, fully armed. ⁹I announce a life that shall be copious, vehement, 
 spiritual, bold, And I announce an old age that shall lightly and joy- 
 fully meet its translation.

3

¹⁰O thicker and faster! (So long!) O crowding too close upon me; I foresee too much—it means more than I thought, It appears to me I am dying. ¹¹Hasten throat, and sound your last! Salute me—salute the days once more. Peal the old  
 cry once more.   [ begin page 35c ]ppp.00473.469.jpg ¹²Screaming electric, the atmosphere using, At random glancing, each as a notice absorbing, Swiftly on, but a little while alighting, Curious envelop'd messages delivering, Sparkles hot, seed ethereal, down in the dirt dropping, Myself unknowing, my commission obeying, to ques- 
 tion it never daring, To ages, and ages yet, the growth of the seed leaving, To troops out of me rising—they the tasks I have set  
 promulging, To women certain whispers of myself bequeathing—  
 their affection me more clearly explaining, To young men my problems offering—no dallier I—  
 I the muscle of their brains trying, So I pass—a little time vocal, visible, contrary, Afterward, a melodious echo, passionately bent for—  
 (death making me really undying,) The best of me then when no longer visible—for to- 
 ward that I have been incessantly preparing. ¹³What is there more, that I lag and pause, and  
 crouch extended with unshut mouth? Is there a single final farewell?

4

¹⁴My songs cease—I abandon them, From behind the screen where I hid, I advance per- 
 sonally, solely to you. ¹⁵Camerado! This is no book, Who touches this, touches a man, (Is it night? Are we here alone?) It is I you hold, and who holds you, I spring from the pages into your arms—decease calls  
 me   [ begin page 36c ]ppp.00473.470.jpg ¹⁶O how your fingers drowse me! Your breath falls around me like dew—your pulse lulls  
 the tympans of my ears, I feel immerged from head to foot, Delicious—enough. ¹⁷Enough, O deed impromptu and secret! Enough, O gliding present! Enough, O summ'd-up  
 past!

5

¹⁸Dear friend, whoever you are, here, take this kiss, I give it especially to you—Do not forget me, I feel like one who has done his work—I progress on, 
 —(long enough have I dallied with Life,) The unknown sphere, more real than I dream'd, more  
 direct, darts awakening rays about me—So  
  long! Remember my words—I love you—I depart from  
 materials, I am as one disembodied, triumphant, dead. FINIS.