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His original goal had been to bring out one volume a year until all were in print, but the final two

volumes did not appear until 1996, over a century after they were written.

poet as a dutiful son: he became the most active of Whitman's three literary executors (the other two were

Artsman from 1903 to 1907, espousing the belief hat radical reforms in art, design, and production were

Jefferson, who, strictlyspeaking, were rather the fathers of American democracy than of the vast Continental

Karl Knortz, a German- American scholar of New York City, has had firstand last a good deal to say in

In New York the bells of Trinity spire were instantly rung, a salute fired in City Hall Park, and servicesheld

Titles with no page reference are those of poems occurring in early American editions,which were laterdiscarded

Dead-House, The 284 1871 [City of Friends, The] i860 City of Orgies 105 i860 City of Ships 230 1865

people were very " evanescent."

Americans.

"A typical American or a typical American character exists.

While we were at lunch Mrs.

I that meeting thought Americans were generally better speakers than the English.

we were quite besieged.

But for the most part his words were few.

were words which somehow his presence often suggested.

If they were faults they were such as could ill be spared.

How did he get it all in a minute, as if it was in it were?

The sheriff told the Indians who the distinguished men were who were about tosee them, but the Indians

, were facts full of evil omen.

"were if sex were He tomen and lacking lacking.

my city, city young men, the Mannahatta city but when the Mannahatta leadsallthecitiesoftheearth, When

were our communities invaded by a dry rot of culture flwere we fast becoming a delicate,in race were

Stedman and his family were seated in the opposite box. Others present were Samuel L. Clemens, H.

These attacks ofthe were Walt press probably regarded by Whitman much as the sailors were by Voltaire's

The subject of each is the city morgue, Reading the American poem, you are melted to tears, your deepest

fancy your Oh, women were the prizeforyou !

But the humiliated they were acquitted.

When he died there were children many sad-eyed in Camden and other cities. While Mr.

His personal were few. His daily expenses for food were also small. In Mr.

In those there were not days many public hospitalsin New York City or Brooklyn.

, but were denied.

Horace L.Trau- bel, were alsopresent. They were hastily summoned by Mrs.

cities,nd fittohave for his background and accessories their streaming- populations and ample and richfacades

Therefore he speaks plainly about which hitherto were many things tacitly in or were touched upon by

It were well to closeupon thisnote.

What are our cities?

" Do you term that perpetual, pistareen, paste-pot work " American art, American drama, taste, verse

While a portion of the lettersreceived in season were read, and them printed in local many of were the

Not tilllateron were thecheers given, but when given they were given several times, and vehemently.

Happy that one city of titlundis- • puted !

However true itmight once have been that American books were not read, or that there were few or none

I have seemed to myself to reach a fairer judgment of American tendencies and ofthe spiritof the American

And, to say the truth, we were rather tiredof itbefore itwas over, and were glad enough to change from

Itwas only the other day that we were saying, when he and I were met with other friends, that italmost

The couple were people I knew well, who did second famously, but were conditionally pre-engaged when

'Depend upon itthe Greek sculptors were right. * Since you were last here, Herbert, I have read Bulwer's

You were not made for failure, you were made for victory forward with joyful : go a confidence in that

83, they were staunch patriotsor " rebels," and several of the name were soldiersunder Washington, two

Those were his exact words.

If,for instance,by " some vast, instantaneous convulsion, American civilization " were lost,where isthe

They are certainly filledwith an American spiritbreathe the American air,and assert the fullest American

Of those that were plaeed in the stores none were sokl.

If it were not for unduly trenching upon your space, I would like to show you the passages which the

I find it the most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom that American has yet contributed.

seemed the sterile and stingy nature, as if too much handiwork or too much lymph in the temperament were

I rubbed my eyes a little to see if this sunbeam were no illusion; but the solid sense of the book is

When the author of “Leaves of Grass” was in Boston in 1860, Emerson was his frequent and cordial visitor

This general statement of the relations between the two men explains the talk upon Boston Common in 1860

And my arriere and citadel positions—such as I have indicated in my June North American Review memorandum—were

not only not attacked, they were not even alluded to.”

Chadwick may try to say that if Walt Whitman had any case to state, that hour with Emerson in 1860 was

They were friends still.

Her blue eyes were brilliant with uneasy fire.

They were leading in Mrs. Dyzer, and she was near.

They were electrifying.

Deep in the spirit air the fadeless fields unrolled, the shining cities rose, the bells of heaven were

About a thousand copies were printed, which were sold in less than a year.

The Van Velsors were noted people for horses.

The clothes were mainly homespun. Journeys were made by both men and women on horseback.

Books were scarce.

Some of the men were dying.

John Burroughs's "Notes on Walt Whitman" was first published in American News in 1867.

cities, and fit to have for his background and accessories their streaming populations and ample and

The "North American Review," unquestionably the highest organ of American letters, in the course of a

They are certainly filled with an American spirit, breathe the American air, and assert the fullest American

During those years, Washington was a city in whose unbuilt places and around whose borders were thickly

all sufferers, they were all men.

One even hesitates to use that term: did Whitman know they were "collaborating"—that is, was he clear

attempt at employment, Burroughs had briefly worked on a crew that buried Union soldiers whose bodies were

consulted ministers in Olive, her hometown in Catskills, and concluded that her husband's sexual demands were

New York: American News, 1867. ——. "The Poet of the Cosmos." Accepting the Universe. By Burroughs .

John Burroughs, An American Naturalist . Post Mills, Vt.: Chelsea Green, 1992. Wyman, Mary A.

Douglas O'Connor photograph of William Douglas O'Connor Walt Whitman met William Douglas O'Connor in 1860

by State Attorney General George Marston, had threatened prosecution unless extensive emendations were

what this lady had written should be published for the benefit of English, and more especially of American

course, that all the pieces are equal in power and beauty, but that all are vital; they grew—they were

to concentrate within himself her life, and, when she kindled with anger against her children who were

And, if he were not bold and true to the utmost, and did not own in himself the threads of darkness mixed

of all, he were not the one we have waited for so long.

approximately half the poems found in the 1867 Leaves of Grass (poems that might have offended English readers were

Whitman received, like all our salaries in this city, a small affair; but he always lived frugally, and

You think it mere "recklessness" in him to charge that the literary class of American persecute our poet

Whenever he wants facts to sustain that charge, American authors will owe it to the magnanimity of Walt

author, favorably, if feebly, reviewing "Leaves of Grass" in The North American , even linking it with

Be it so: we can well pardon blindness—or could, were it not for its resultant bitterness.

Asked me who were yet to be heard from in the American symposium.

The two letters that follow were dictated to a stenographer and signed by Redpath.North American Review

Coates were in today? Well, they were.

Now I read the letters.The North American Review, New York City, Oct. 20, 1885. Dear Mr.

My dear Walt—Nine years ago I delivered before a German Society of New York city a lecture on American

Kennedy returned me Harrison Morris' American piece with comments.

We were thrown much together—very much—in Washington: were like chips off the same block—members of a

We were both silent for awhile.

These poems were written when he was in his very worst recent condition. Several bad breaks.

I composed the article under great affliction, for as the devil would have it, there were several days

Voltaire never was of a mind to condone Shake-speareShakespeare: Shake-speareShakespeare's crudities were

Even as it is, today, were I eligible, I would take the trouble to write, if do no more by him.

It was a curious controversy—there were great men on both sides of it—many things were said both pro

The literary fellers in Washington (there were many of them there—there are many of them there still)

one sort or another who today are not even a memory—writers for papers, hacks, penny-a-liners: they were

the period of the War recedes I am more than ever convinced that it is important for those of us who were

People went there for all sorts of reasons, none of which were my reasons: went to convert, to proselyte

The Methodists were entitled to Lincoln's attention—not his alone but everybody's—for their loyalty in

Hay and Nicolay were for Harlan at that time, but Hay, at least, warmed towards me later on and has been

Those old writers were made for an age of smartness: they write in sounding phrases, make stiff speeches

He spoke of the cities he liked best: Brooklyn, Washington, New Orleans, St. Louis, New York.

"But Washington, New Orleans, Brooklyn—they are my cities of romance.

They are the cities of things begun—this is the city of things finished." He paused.

Asked me who were yet to be heard from in the American symposium.

I said, 'No—none of a decided sort that I knew: I knew you were a free trader but that was all.'"

Such tall, wholesome looking fellows are rare among American youngsters."

There were features in his mysticism with which I had little sympathy but the purport of his message

I have found by experience that when I undertook to make a historic statement my facts were straight.

Some of them were landscapes. W. said: "They make me feel home-sick for the open air.

He and Ingersoll were dear friends, I am told.

I have heard many stories about him and they were all the right kind—all on the side of love.

Tells me of the Hicks: "Some of these bits were written as many as thirty years ago.

Yesterday I turned a hive up and pruned it, that is cut out a lot of old dirty comb; the little fellows were

He had put "last" into the title because the incidents cited "were left over after the close of the war

"I had my temptations, but they were not strong enough to tempt.

Was there not something grand—and a perennial proof of American grandeur—in that war.""

affections, soothe them, brace them up, kiss them, discard all ceremony, and fight for them, as it were

The days in the hospitals were too serious for that."

Take Democracy, for instance: the American, the average American, thinks he has a new idea.

Here was my first tally of life—here were my first tries with the lute—in that book I am just like a

[The contents of the book were afterwards included by Dr.

left to go into type except the Hicks notes and the Fox paper.W. asked me whether I had seen The American

They received me with open arms when I was rejected—they were my dearest, dearest friends, staunchest

adding: "You know William never stopped to invent, to manufacture, such things—they just came to him, were

Sir: I have received the copy of the Specimen Days and Collect which you were so kind as to send me,

"He takes you to task a bit about your strictures on the American poets."

himself in the universe, saying "Here at least, in the spirit, I have freedom and empire inalienable," were

some time intended to write to you when that would happen.I saw in the Academy a paragraph saying you were

To say the truth, I never could quite accept your utter condemnation of all American authors, expressed

And do not Americans do this also to a certain extent?

He affects American.

Cooper, Bryant, and the portrait painter, Chares Elliot, were the great American geniuses fifty years

In Canada I was always astonished to hear people speak of us as Americans—as if they were not as really

American as we were."

Americans he thought "worked like the devil till they were all worked out"—though sometimes he "envied

Oh, what scenes of human horror were to be found in this city last winter.

"I only said you were misunderstood—that what you meant was that the American people did not sufficiently

so many were against me the few who were for me were extra, extra precious!

W. somehow talked of American poets who were "hardly of international scope."

Davis were witnesses to the will.W. had been reading Charles Morris' screed on himself in The American

in fact, I had contemplated something quite other: contemplated having it done in facsimile: if we were

"If you have to be either I'd rather you were poor."

But when we were out on the street alone afterwards Bucke said to me: "Did you ever hear anything so

It was fine to get back into the quiet of that dear room again after the rush of the city and tiresome

and I rambled off once right round by Snowdon to Carnarvon, where the remnant of the Cymric races were

For my own sake, as well as yours, I wish it were!

"But there were papers: quite a budget of them." Told him of Bucke's letter from Mrs. O'Connor.

fifty devil-knows-whats if there were two: I had to work hard over it: now it is in very good shape.

They were favorable.

Doctor said that in his translation some things were "not literal" but were "what Sarrazin said"—and

B. said outside: "In spite of his bluff I could see that we were wearying him." Room severely hot.

As yesterday, were at Harned's office all day. Then down to W.'s. Bucke and Gurd along.

But the troubles were "by no means in an active stage." B. asked for information about W.'s eating.

I have always supposed we were veteran adepts at the business."

W. said: "Maurice, you astonish me: you destroy one of my cherished beliefs: I hoped you were better

W. said: "No: I'd rather take offense if you were not free."

These things, like that of the fish, were often said of him by others.

Again: "But I never thought of his manners when I heard him: they were not present: they were easy to

I was poor: it was a time of need: they were not greatly endowed in the way of money—yet had enough:

There were two communicating small rooms. In the front room were the beds and chairs. Two windows.

In the back room were O'Connor's books—what he called his "study."

O'Connor's whole form dilated, his arms were spread out, his eyes were fixed on me, as he said these

The stars were all out.

Bucke and William and I were face to face. William looked up at us.

at all changed—I do not think his feelings now towards O'Connor are different at all from what they were

"—indicating his body's width with his hands.W. asked me many questions concerning Washington, the city

"Then there were none of the pecuniary results Brisbane speaks of?"

We were known to one another perhaps twelve hours. Yet I cannot forget him.

In a couple of weeks more, Congress will meet, and then the city will be quite lively.I am out a good

He said: "That stuff must have been dinned into Emerson's ears: the enemy were everywhere—in all the

"Did you say the legs were all gone? dead? that no improvement is to be expected?

The changes in the city must have been momentous." Nellie's nephew with them now.

But Donnelly's publishers were considering it.

The Williams poems were type-written. W. said: "I have not read them: should I?

"No: I don't think he took me in on that side: we were friends in the human way."

"Were they crazy?"

—I am obliged to you for the notice in the North American (G.E.M.).

There were forty persons present. Among them Gilchrist, Salter, Morris, Harned, Doctor Thomas.

I said: "They all seemed to admit last night that you were a big man, but how big they didn't undertake

W. said: "That would be a great virtue were it so: is it so?"

Presidential office I consider that inaugural address the other day the most gassy, diffused: if I were

in detail just what she wants, then go back and in all points do precisely the opposite of what you were

When I was in Canada with Doctor Bucke we were invited by some prominent man—(he was in the government

, I think—a high-cockalorum, even, if I'm not mistaken)—were invited by him—to take dinner with a group