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50-51uva.00183xxx.00005xxx.00047xxx.00062[Once I passed through a populous]I am the child of Democracy1857

16 cm; The recto verses appearing on this manuscript became the main section 9 of Enfans d'Adam in 1860

and were retitled Once I Pass'd Through a Populous City in 1867.

[Once I passed through a populous]

doubtless the case The The most immense share part of a A ncient History is altogether unknown ,— There were

Powerful, busy, and populous, and powerful nations, existed, on all the continents of the earth, at

busy populous and powerful nations on all the continents of the earth ; and doubtless for the certain

surely empires, cities cities, states pastoral tribes and uncivilized hordes upon the earth.

— 189 the feeling of war and war and justice and who were witty and wise, —and who were brutish and undeveloped—and

includes ideas and phrases that resemble those used in "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860

The manuscript was therefore probably written between 1855 and 1860, and at one time likely formed part

See, for instance, the lines: "What vast-built cities—What orderly republics—What pastoral tribes and

phrenology, / What of liberty and slavery among them—What they thought of death and the Soul, / Who were

, / Some prowling through woods—Some living peaceably on farms, laboring, reaping, filling barns" (1860

For Whitman, these disciplines, and his own interest in and dedication to them, were often conflated:

"There were busy, populous, and powerful nations, on all the continents of the earth, at intervals [.

Through the stretch of time [. . .] there were busy, populous, and powerful nations."

Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1995. Camboni, Marina. Il corpo dell'America: 1855 .

"Whitman and American Empire."

Written on the back of tax forms from the City of Williamsburgh, the manuscripts were likely, at one

of ships, my city."

my city!" And its fifth and final usage in 1860 comes in the volume's concluding poem, "So long!"

on earth to lead my city, the city of young men, the Mannahatta city—But when the Mannahatta leads all

the cities of the earth."

tuition, or amusements, can much longer permanently elude the jealous and passionate instinct of American

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

or amusements or the costumes of young men, can long elude the jealous and passionate instinct of American

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

were even then the remains of an ancient city."

The population were in a state of terror and despair, and hopes were expressed and reports whispered,

Formerly, these were reluctant to mingle with the American population, but this state of things is rapidly

They were met by the Americans under General Jackson, 6000 strong.

—Over one-half of the population are Americans, of British descent.

At one time this scrapbook likely contained numerous additional manuscript pages that were later removed

or amusements or the costumes of young men, can long elude the jealous and passionate instinct of American

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

City Lunch N.Y.

Express, Oct. 21, 1856 "But for the American party, the Northern, sectional, geographical party of Wm

poem of the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass.

To you endless an To you, these, to report nature, man, politics, from an American point of view.

Lo, interminable intersecting streets in cities, full of living people, coming and going!

(See Bowers, Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] A Parallel Text [Chicago: The University of

It is of course possible, however, that parts of the notebook were inscribed before and/or after the

Much of the notebook is devoted to draft material for the 1860 poem eventually titled "Starting from

brief passage (on the verso of leaf 25) seems clearly to have contributed to "Song at Sunset," another 1860

It is unclear which pages were inscribed first; furthermore, several of the leaves have become detached

2Notebooks, 1860-1861loc.00029xxx.00131Notebook, 1860-18611860-1861prosepoetryhandwritten61 leaves; An

relates to poems ultimately titled Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking, By Blue Ontario's Shore, The City

Some of the trial verses in this notebook were published posthumously as [I Stand and Look], Ship of

Notebook, 1860-1861

from about 40˚ 34´ to 41˚ 10´ North Latitude, and from 2˚ 58´ to 5˚ 3´ East Longitude from Washington City

miles the hour without diminution or interruption, in an eastwardly direction, sweeping past the American

by the wreck of the British sloop of war Sylph, as well as parts of the vessel and cabin furniture, were

The force of the current between Oyster Pond Point and Plumb Island is very great, yet it is exceeded

afloat during low water of spring-tides, moored to the quays which bound the seaward sides of the city

The manuscript is written on the blank side of an 1850s tax form from the City of Williamsburgh.

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

—It seems that the Russian empire, with a population of from 50 to 60 millions, has 40 millions of serfs

on wrapper stock for the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass (Whitman's Manuscripts, Leaves of Grass, 1860

on wrapper stock for the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass (Whitman's Manuscripts, Leaves of Grass, 1860

that in theBetween 1854 and 1888prosehandwritten1 leaf; This manuscript is written on the back of a City

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

The manuscript is written on the blank side of an 1850s tax form from the City of Williamsburgh.

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

The manuscript is written on the blank side of an 1850s tax form from the City of Williamsburgh.

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

pasted over some lines in the top-left corner of the larger piece, from the top of which other lines were

The verses became section 18 of Calamus in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass; the poem was permanently

titled City of Orgies in 1867.

City of my walks and joys

This manuscript is written on the back of a City of Williamsburgh tax form.

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

This manuscript is written on the back of a City of Williamsburgh tax form.

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

—Personal qualities were accepted and obeyed:— as (When are they not accepted and obeyed?

composition expression— —but the men and women other nation other empires and states, other mighty and populous

cities, contemporary was with them in other parts of the world, or ages antecedent of them, perhaps

another in methods fit for answering to what was needed.— These other nations unknown empires and cities

English Masses (Talk with Frank Leonard, "Yank," &c—their travels through English towns with the American

phys o i ognomies, (such as you are in the caricatures in "Punch,") and fine-shaped men and women, city

excessive toil, and poor diet, are to-day apparent, to a greater or less degree, in two-thirds of the population

27EuropeBetween 1850 and 1856prosepoetry1 leafhandwritten; A list of European rivers, lakes, and cities

, many of which were included in Poem of Salutation in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass.

In the 1860 edition of Leaves, and in all subsequent editions, the poem was titled Salut Au Monde!

The first several lines of Pictures (not including this line) were revised and published as My Picture-Gallery

in The American in October 1880.

This manuscript may relate to the poem titled A Song of Joys, which first appeared in the 1860 Leaves

(1860, p. 259).

relationship with the lines on another manuscript in the University of Virginia collection, which were

revised to form part of section 14 of Chants Democratic in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass, a set

American air I have breathed

.00045Merely What I tell isBetween 1850 and 1860poetryhandwritten1 leaf4 x 15 cm; These manuscript lines were

resemblance to ideas expressed in the opening lines of poem #14 of Chants Democratic and Native American

, which first appeared in the 1860 Leaves of Grass.

.— These manuscript lines were probably written in the 1850s.

resemblance to ideas expressed in the opening lines of poem #14 of "Chants Democratic and Native American

," which first appeared in the 1860 Leaves of Grass.

These manuscript lines were probably written in the 1850s.

resemblance to ideas expressed in the opening lines of poem #14 of "Chants Democratic and Native American

," which first appeared in the 1860 Leaves of Grass.

to ideas expressed in the opening lines of section 14 of the poem "Chants Democratic and Native American

," which first appeared in the 1860 Leaves of Grass: "Not to-day is to justify me, and Democracy, and

These pages were transformed into section 13 of Chants Democratic in the 1860 Leaves of Grass.

American Laws

In 1660, the population was one hundred and thirty- four souls: in 1698 it had increased to five hundred

During this period, and for a long time afterwards, almost all the inhabitants of Brooklyn were Dutch

In that year, a number of emigrants, chiefly Walloons, were sent out from Holland to Manhattan, under

Francis Bright, who came out in 1629, were the first regularly ordained ministers in Massachusetts.

All around were then open cultivated fields with farm houses.

Note Book Walt Whitman The notes describing "the first after Osiris" were likely derived from information

—What real Americans can be made out of slaves?

What real Americans can be made out of the masters of slaves?

The questions are such as these Has his life shown the true American character?

first printed in the second (1856) and third (1860–1861) editions.

edition of Leaves of Grass but that the notebook also contains material clearly related to things that were

first printed in the second (1856) and third (1860–1861) editions.

Whitman revised the text on leaf 23 verso to include a rather long passage that exceeded the space available

Literature1850s or 1860sprosehandwritten1 leaf; Whitman's heading indicates that these brief notes were

oratory and goal of becoming a lecturer in the 1850s, though he also maintained these interests in the 1860s

June 9, 1863: "I think something of commencing a series of lectures & readings &c. through different cities

The Quirites were a Sabine race. These two towns were hostile to each other.

The senators were chosen for life.

were taken from, before they were conquered.

to the Etruscan city.

Schlegel 272 were hewn.

& Divides Austria from Italy Tiber, Papal states Arno, Tuscany —Dnieper —Volga —Ural inland lakes Cities

Dresden 85,000 Saxony, Hanover, 40,000 Many of the items from this list of European rivers, lakes, and cities

were included in "Poem of Salutation" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass, suggesting that this manuscript

Many of the items from this list of European rivers, lakes, and cities were included in "Poem of Salutation

Whitman's cultural geography scrapbook.; Many of the items from this list of European rivers, lakes, and cities

were included in "Poem of Salutation" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass.

In the 1860 edition of Leaves, and in all subsequent editions, the poem was titled "Salut Au Monde!"

imprinting many a kiss; Joying, as I would joy, to see such charms, As though he knew how blest a lot were

I cried, 'would that I shared the bliss Of that embrace, and that such joy were mine!'

Meanwhile, the vigorous minds of Germany were occupied with other matters.

Soul-like were those hours of yore; Let us walk in soul once more.

It is the strangest contrast of cities that can be seen in Europe.

149uva.00292xxx.00112xxx.00085A City WalkAbout 1855poetryhandwritten1 leaf4.5 x 12 cm; A faint horizontal

line beneath part of "A City Walk," along with the words' capitalization and central position on the

18 in his Blue Book revisions of the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

This title was changed in the Blue Book to City of orgies, walks and joys and finally became City of

The poem was retitled Crossing Brooklyn Ferry in 1860. A City Walk

The Empire State put this name instead of New York The population, Wealth & commerce Mts, the Mohegan

The Mannahatta that's it Mannahatta —the mast‑hemmed—the egg in the nest of the beautiful bays— my city—ma

pine & live-oak of Florida Mississippi Staple—cotton Louisiana sugar-cane —the coast—the levee of the city

on Shockoe hill ( Richmond Va. a picturesque, commanding hill, & the building looking down, as it were

We were unable to obtain an image of the verso of surface 43, although it is presumably blank.

We were unable to obtain an image of the verso of surface 43, although it is presumably blank.; Transcribed

See Holloway, A Whitman Manuscript, American Mercury 3 (December 1924), 475–480. See also Andrew C.

One passage seems to have contributed to the 1860–1861 poem that Whitman later titled Our Old Feuillage

The first several lines of that poem (not including the line in question) were revised and published

as My Picture-Gallery in The American in October 1880 and then in Leaves of Grass as part of the Autumn

Alcoran, signifies law Lecture ( lectio Latin—to read Originally laws were promulged by word of mouth

—The proportion of the world's population who are Pagans is nearly 1 in 2; Mahommedans Muslims , about

one in 8; Protestants, about 1 in 15; Greek Church, 1 in 18; Jews, about 1 in 100 of the whole population

Calamus 18. p 363 City of my walks and joys!

City whom that I have lived and sung there will one day make you illustrious!

little you h You city : what do y you repay me for my daily walks joys Not these your crowded rows of

On the back of this leaf is a draft of a poem published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass

City of my walks and joys

This manuscript is a draft of the poem first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass as number

18 in the "Calamus" cluster and ultimately entitled "City of Orgies."

manuscript was probably written in the late 1850s.; This is a draft of the poem first published in the 1860

edition of Leaves of Grass as number 18 in the "Calamus" cluster and ultimately entitled "City of Orgies

digital images of the original.; On the back of this leaf is a draft of a poem published first in the 1860

With Wales, it contains fifty-two counties, or thirty-seven millions of acres, and a population of about

legislative system till 1800, contains thirty-two counties, or twenty millions of acres, and a population

at a more rapid pace than any other part of the civilised world, some of the states of the North American

Barbadoes, Trinidad, and the other West India colonies, are less populous, the full amount being in each

In Ireland, the population is divided into seven hundred and fifty-two thousand persons in connexion

To t T he States, or any one of them, or any city of The States, Resist much , Obey little, Once unquestioning

obedience, once fully enslaved, Once fully enslaved, no nation, race, city, of this earth, ever afterward

"Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition of

manuscript was likely composed in the years immediately preceding the poem's first publication in 1860

"Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition of

manuscript was likely composed in the years immediately preceding the poem's first publication in 1860

.; "Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition

the Greeks) —the northern part of Europe & Asia —the people thereof "Kelts" viz (woods‑men (These were

Edward Grier estimates that the date of this manuscript is between 1857 and 1860 (Walt Whitman: Notebooks

of Universal History, it appears that they instead come from the introduction to Noah Webster's American

Edward Grier estimates that the date of this manuscript is between 1857 and 1860 (Walt Whitman: Notebooks

of Universal History, it appears that they instead come from the introduction to Noah Webster's American

tractsBetween 1854 and 1860prosehandwritten2 leaves; The first manuscript leaf is written on the back of a City

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

difficult to date conclusively, but it was almost certainly written after 1854 and probably before 1860

numbers) in the lower-left corner of each page; his partly erased pencil note "(finished in/ the other city

removed the lower section of page 2 from the top of current leaf 1:3:33 ("I dreamed in a dream of a/ city

This poem, the eighth in the sequence Live Oak, with Moss, became section 9 of Calamus in 1860.

The first page contains what would become verses 1-3 in 1860, and the second ("Hours discouraged, distracted

A City Walk: 2 V Just a list of all that is seen in a walk through the streets of Brooklyn & New York

The heading of this manuscript reads "A City Walk," which may be suggestive of the tentative title "City

and Joys," the name Whitman originally assigned to "Calamus" 18 in his "Blue Book" revisions of the 1860

This title was changed in the "Blue Book" to "City of orgies, walks and joys" and finally became "City

A City Walk

The heading of this manuscript reads "A City Walk," which may be suggestive of the tentative title "City

and Joys," the name Whitman originally assigned to "Calamus" 18 in his "Blue Book" revisions of the 1860

This title was changed in the "Blue Book" to "City of orgies, walks and joys" and finally became "City

assigned to "Calamus" 18 in his "Blue Book" revisions of the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

This title was changed in the "Blue Book" to "City of orgies, walks and joys" and finally became "City

The group first appeared in print in the 1860 Leaves of Grass with this poem as section 1.

On the reverse of the leaf (uva.00023) are verses that became section 18 of Calamus in the 1860 edition

of Leaves of Grass; the poem was permanently titled City of Orgies in 1867.

tropes, likenesses, piano music, and smooth rhymes — nor of This manuscript probably dates to the early 1860s

the leaf (duk.00795), which contains draft lines that contributed to poems first published in the 1860

these years I sing...]" and to "Apostroph," the opening section of "Chants Democratic and Native American

Both poems first appeared in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass. America needs her own poems

This manuscript probably dates to the early 1860s, as it appears to have been inscribed after the writing

the leaf (duk.00795), which contains draft lines that contributed to poems first published in the 1860

these years I sing...]" and to "Apostroph," the opening section of "Chants Democratic and Native American

Both poems first appeared in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass.

of the Mississippi, scarcely any thing exists The first manuscript leaf is written on the back of a City

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

difficult to date conclusively, but it was almost certainly written after 1854 and probably before 1860

The first manuscript leaf is written on the back of a City of Williamsburgh tax form, filled out and

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

difficult to date conclusively, but it was almost certainly written after 1854 and probably before 1860

This manuscript is a draft of a poem published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass as number

On the back of this leaf is a draft of the poem "City of Orgies," first published in the 1860 edition

This manuscript is a draft of a poem published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass as number

It was likely written in the late 1850s.; This is a draft of a poem published first in the 1860 edition

Transcribed from digital images of the original.; On the back of this leaf is a draft of the poem "City

of Orgies," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass as "Calamus" No. 18.

from Persian mysticism to nineteenth-century phrenological journals, the influences on Whitman's work were

English Writers Philadelphia Grigg and Elliot's 1841 1862-1888 New York City Volume now held in Library

loc.03428 Underlines and manicules The Vanity and the Glory of Literature The Edinburgh Review, American

These accompany Whitman's notes on ancient European and Asian populations.

History of the American Revolution Berrian, William An Historical Sketch of Trinity Church, N.Y.

1872prose6 leaveshandwritten; This manuscript touches on the developing "distinctive metropolitan American

Character" of Washington, including the city's status as a literary center.

Portions of this manuscript were used in Washington as a Central Winter Residence and Authors of Washington

On the verso, in blue pencil, appears a note, reading "Drum Taps—City of Ships" which appears to be in

This may indeed have been a draft of the poem City of Ships, which first appeared in 1865 as part of

of references to the Civil War indicate that it was inscribed prior to the publication of the the 1860

The poem was first titled Poem of Walt Whitman, an American in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened

the title to Walt Whitman in 1860–1861.

and by, above, and My tongue can never be content with harness, below, make a connection with the 1860

1860prosehandwritten1 leaf; Edward Grier suggests that this manuscript was probably written prior to 1860

sentiment between it and the initial line of No. 4 of the Thoughts cluster published first in the 1860

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American