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Walt Whitman's Caution, a poem first appearing as one of the Messenger Leaves in Leaves of Grass (1860

Lines from this manuscript were revised and used in A Song of Joys, which first appeared in the 1860

These comments were revised and published in A Backward Glance O'er Travel'd Roads,, the essay that Whitman

that in theBetween 1854 and 1888prosehandwritten1 leaf; This manuscript is written on the back of a City

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

and the use of the 1855 wrapper paper, this note was likely written sometime between late 1855 and 1860

revised in ink, about the 1833 Leonid meteor shower, likely related to the poem Year of Meteors. (1859–1860

It is possible that these lines are related to the poem Year of Meteors. (1859–1860), although other

It is possible that these lines were present on the manuscript when he made his transcription but have

Given the use of the 1855 wrapper paper, this was likely composed between late 1855 and 1860.

nature" that Whitman reworked and used in the poem To a President, first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

This manuscript contributed to the poem Proto-Leaf, which was first published in the 1860 edition of

Phrases and ideas from this manuscript were incorporated in the poem Unnamed Lands, first published in

the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on the leaf from which

Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf, from

date in the 1870s, a period during which Whitman repeatedly complained about how he was treated by American

On the verso is a fragment of an apparent letter, which Edwin Haviland Miller dates August 1860, to Thayer

1870poetry1 leafhandwritten; Fragment of approximately forty words, in which the poet writes that if he "were

sentences pencilled at the top of the page contributed to the poem Myself and Mine, first published in 1860

; This manuscript is an early draft of a portion of the opening poem of the Calamus cluster in the 1860

or clusters of poems, including "The States," "Prairies," "Prairie Spaces," "Prairie Babes," and "American

The published version of Mediums, originally Chants Democratic No. 16 in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves

Starting from Paumanok was published first in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass as Proto-Leaf.

prose piece that appears to represent an early draft of "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860

The poem was first titled, Poem of Walt Whitman, an American, in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened

the title to Walt Whitman in 1860–1861.

leaves, together with several other leaves, constitute a draft essay that perhaps contributed to the 1860

leafhandwritten; On one side are two lines, heavily corrected, from a draft of the poem first published in 1860

apparently recording the poet's early idea for the poem first published as Chants Democratic 20 in 1860

29Poem of Sadnessabout 1860poetry1 leafhandwritten; Manuscript note probably recording the idea for the 1860

contains a list of trial titles, probably for the poem first published as Calamus 15 in Leaves of Grass (1860

On the reverse is a partial draft of the 1860 poem Calamus 9, which was dropped from subsequent editions

[Of these years I sing...] and to Apostroph, the opening section of Chants Democratic and Native American

Both poems first appeared in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass.

The reference to the "Russian serf" was dropped from the poem after the 1860 edition. Russian serfs

or clusters of poems, including "The States," "Prairies," "Prairie Spaces," "Prairie Babes," and "American

the late 1850s, it's possible that this last title is related to the Chants Democratic and Native American

cluster in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

contains a list of trial titles, probably for the poem first published as Calamus 15 in Leaves of Grass (1860

fragment appears to be part of a draft of the essay, written by Whitman, titled An English and an American

Whitman published the essay anonymously in the American Phrenological Journal in October 1855, and he

This is a partial, late draft, with minor revisions, of Bardic Symbols, first published in the April 1860

leafhandwritten; Complete draft, lightly revised, of Beginners, a poem first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

, of the first poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

, of the sixth poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

of the seventh poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

of the second poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

Draft, with many corrections, of To Him That Was Crucified, a poem first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

some corrections, of the poem eventually titled To Foreign Lands, first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

1871prosehandwritten11 leaves; These notes served as background for Whitman's discussion of current popular American

[To What You Said] bears a strong relationship to the Calamus poems that were composed between 1857-1860

original (1855 Brooklyn) edition]1855prose2 leaveshandwrittenprinted; Printed copies of reviews that were

27O Earth, My Likeness (1860).

1860poetryhandwritten1 leaf20.5 x 16 cm; A draft of the poem first published as Calamus, No. 36 in 1860

if our colors were struck and the fighting done?

Were mankind murderous or jealous upon you my brother or my sister?

Do you enjoy yourself in the city? or engaged in business?

and in them were the fathers of sons . . . and in them were the fathers of sons.

They were taught and exalted.

The Americans of all nations at any time upon the earth have probably the fullest poetical nature.

The largeness of nature or the nation were monstrous without a corresponding largeness and generosity

—As if it were necessary to trot back generation after generation to the eastern records!

The American poets are to enclose old and new for America is the race of races.

For such the expression of the American poet is to be transcendant and new.

I have heard what the talkers were talking . . . . the talk of the beginning and the end, But I do not

If nothing lay more developed the quahaug and its callous shell were enough.

 . . . . the blocks and fallen architecture more than all the living cities of the globe.

if our colors were struck and the fighting done?

Were mankind murderous or jealous upon you my brother or my sister?

Were all educations practical and ornamental well displayed out of me, what would it amount to?

Were I as the head teacher or charitable proprietor or wise statesman, what would it amount to?

Were I to you as the boss employing and paying you, would that satisfy you?

The Congress convenes every December for you, Laws, courts, the forming of states, the charters of cities

and mangers . . the mows and racks: Manufactures . . commerce . . engineering . . the building of cities

To think that the sun rose in the east . . . . that men and women were flexible and real and alive . 

. and act upon others as upon us now . . . . yet not act upon us; To think of all these wonders of city

Do you enjoy yourself in the city? or engaged in business?

It is not to diffuse you that you were born of your mother and father—it is to identify you, It is not

If I were to suspect death I should die now, Do you think I could walk pleasantly and well-suited toward

. . . . my clothes were stolen while I was abed, Now I am thrust forth, where shall I run?

they lie un- clothed unclothed ; The Asiatic and African are hand in hand . . . . the European and American

And whether those who defiled the living were as bad as they who defiled the dead?

and in them were the fathers of sons . . . and in them were the fathers of sons.

He was wise also, He was six feet tall . . . . he was over eighty years old  . . . . his sons were massive

from head to foot, It attracts with fierce undeniable attraction, I am drawn by its breath as if I were

one man . . . . he is the father of those who shall be fathers in their turns, In him the start of populous

I saw the rich ladies in full dress at the soiree, I heard what the run of poets were saying so long,

best farms. . . . . others toiling and planting, and he unavoidably reaps, The noblest and costliest cities

things in their attitudes, He puts today out of himself with plasticity and love, He places his own city