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that in theBetween 1854 and 1888prosehandwritten1 leaf; This manuscript is written on the back of a City

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

The Americans of all nations at any time upon the earth have probably the fullest poetical nature.

The largeness of nature or the nation were monstrous without a corresponding largeness and generosity

—As if it were necessary to trot back generation after generation to the eastern records!

The American poets are to enclose old and new for America is the race of races.

For such the expression of the American poet is to be transcendant and new.

surrounded by blatherers, and always impregnable—the perpetual coming of immigrants—the wharf-hemmed cities

all climates and the uttermost parts—the noble character of the young mechanics, and of all free American

enterprise—the perfect equality of the female with the male—the large amativeness—the fluid movement of the population

," &c.** "For such the expression of the American poet is to be transcendent and new."

Alexander Wilson (1766-1813) and John James Audobon (1785-1851) were both acclaimed ornithologists and

Alexander Wilson (1766-1813) and John James Audobon (1785-1851) were both acclaimed ornithologists and

or clusters of poems, including "The States," "Prairies," "Prairie Spaces," "Prairie Babes," and "American

the late 1850s, it's possible that this last title is related to the Chants Democratic and Native American

cluster in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

prose piece that appears to represent an early draft of "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860

The poem was first titled, Poem of Walt Whitman, an American, in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened

the title to Walt Whitman in 1860–1861.

7 The money value of real and personal property estate in New York city is somewhere between five hundred

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American

On the back of this note is a manuscript fragment with several lines of prose that were included, with

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American

"; 7; On the back of this note is a manuscript fragment with several lines of prose that were included

A N American bard at last!

The interior American republic shall also be declared free and independent.

But where in American literature is the first show of America?

Where is the vehement growth of our cities?

Walt Whitman was born on Long-Island, on the hills about thirty miles from the greatest American city

[Of these years I sing...] and to Apostroph, the opening section of Chants Democratic and Native American

Both poems first appeared in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass.

; This manuscript is an early draft of a portion of the opening poem of the Calamus cluster in the 1860

or clusters of poems, including "The States," "Prairies," "Prairie Spaces," "Prairie Babes," and "American

. ***** They were the glory of the race of rangers, Matchless with a horse, a rifle, a song, a supper

if our colors were struck and the fighting done?

Only three guns were in use.

That he was an American, we knew before, for, aside from America, there is no quarter of the universe

he was one of the roughs was also tolerably plain; but that he was a kosmos, is a piece of news we were

Lines from this manuscript were revised and used in A Song of Joys, which first appeared in the 1860

It is possible that these lines are related to the poem Year of Meteors. (1859–1860), although other

It is possible that these lines were present on the manuscript when he made his transcription but have

Given the use of the 1855 wrapper paper, this was likely composed between late 1855 and 1860.

[To What You Said] bears a strong relationship to the Calamus poems that were composed between 1857-1860

before introducing us to his poetry, to enlighten our benighted minds as to the true function of the American

The Americans of all nations at any time upon the earth have probably the fullest poetical nature.

peace is the routine out of him speaks the spirit of peace, large, rich, thrifty, building vast and populous

statistics as far back as the records reach is in you this hour—and myths and tales the same; If you were

backtop, The faces of hunters and fishers, bulged at the brows …the shaved blanched faces of orthodox citi

Phrases and ideas from this manuscript were incorporated in the poem Unnamed Lands, first published in

the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

or allusion to them whatever, except as they relate to the new, present things—to our country—to American

Whitman reworked some of those ideas on ornament and they appear in the poem "Says" in the 1860 edition

Whitman reworked some of those ideas on ornament and they appear in the poem "Says" in the 1860 edition

. ix).; Whitman reworked some of those ideas on ornament and they appear in the poem "Says" in the 1860

for ornaments nothing outre can be allowed, / And that anything is most beautiful without ornament" (1860

Leaves, ultimately titled "Song of Myself," and part of a cluster titled "Debris" that appeared in the 1860

Joel Myerson (New York: Garland, 1993); Major American Authors on CD-Rom: Walt Whitman (Westport, CT:

Leaves, ultimately titled "Song of Myself," and part of a cluster titled "Debris" that appeared in the 1860

manuscripts, this manuscript may also relate to lines 39-43 in "Debris," a cluster published in the 1860

and confound them, / You shall see me showing a scarlet tomato, and a white pebble from the beach" (1860

Joel Myerson (New York: Garland, 1993); Major American Authors on CD-Rom: Walt Whitman (Westport, CT:

a thing as a touch has unhaltered The similarity of this manuscript to other drafts of lines that were

includes ideas and phrases that resemble those used in "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860

The similarity of this manuscript to other drafts of lines that were used in poems published in the 1855

includes ideas and phrases that resemble those used in "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860

.— Lines from this passage were revised and used in the poem eventually titled "The Sleepers," which

strong and solid arguments against slavery—lawyer—practical man—arguments addressed to the great American

crops fail—to forego all the flour and pork of the western states— to burn the navy, or half the a populous

town were less to lose, than one of his great sayings to lose.— Each word is sweet medicine to the soul

Mean as they are when we have ascended beyond them, and look back, they were doubtless the roads for

—If they were repulsive nd brave he inscribed these monuments This manuscript is an adaptation of notes

visit to Egypt," two sets of manuscript notes about Egypt that Edward Grier dates to between 1855 and 1860

Both manuscripts were probably written shortly before or early in 1855, though the notes on the backing

show the continuation of the text on both paste-ons with text on the notebook leaves from which they were

visit to Egypt," two sets of manuscript notes about Egypt that Edward Grier dates to between 1855 and 1860

Both manuscripts were probably written shortly before or early in 1855, though the notes on the backing

sheet to which they have been pasted may have been written at a later date.; These notes were probably

show the continuation of the text on both paste-ons with text on the notebook leaves from which they were

Remembrances I plant American ground with, for you young men Lessons to think, I diffuse scatter in the

Written on the back of this leaf is a list of rivers, lakes, and cities that may have contributed to

Remembrances I plant American ground

.; Written on the back of this leaf is a list of rivers, lakes, and cities that may have contributed

clipped-out segment of leaf002v, which continues onto the page that remains here, includes lines that were

Myself and Mine": "Let others praise eminent men and hold up peace—I hold up agitation and conflict" (1860

The first several lines of the poem (not including this line) were revised and published in The American

and the neighbor must fetch out a cup and go half halves; for both loved tea, and had no money, and were

Selections and subjects from this notebook were used in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, including

Selections and subjects from this notebook were used in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, including

To think that the sun rose in the east . . . . that men and women were flexible and real and alive . 

. and act upon others as upon us now . . . . yet not act upon us; To think of all these wonders of city

Do you enjoy yourself in the city? or engaged in business?

It is not to diffuse you that you were born of your mother and father—it is to identify you, It is not

If I were to suspect death I should die now, Do you think I could walk pleasantly and well-suited toward

the partition of in my nostrils; nose; I say that All the churches ever built now standing fail of were

ultimately titled "A Song for Occupations," and part of a cluster titled "Debris" that appeared in the 1860

ultimately titled "A Song for Occupations," and part of a cluster titled "Debris" that appeared in the 1860

uva.00251), this manuscript may also relate to lines 39-43 in "Debris," a cluster published in the 1860

and confound them, / You shall see me showing a scarlet tomato, and a white pebble from the beach" (1860

if our colors were struck and the fighting done?

Were mankind murderous or jealous upon you my brother or my sister?

Do you enjoy yourself in the city? or engaged in business?

and in them were the fathers of sons . . . and in them were the fathers of sons.

They were taught and exalted.

Gibson, an American adventurer (Walt Whitman, Selected Poems, 1855–1892, ed.

Martin's Griffin, 1999], 488; Walt Whitman and the Class Struggle [Iowa City: University of Iowa Press

Gibson, an American adventurer (Walt Whitman, Selected Poems, 1855–1892, ed.

Martin's Griffin, 1999], 488; Walt Whitman and the Class Struggle [Iowa City: University of Iowa Press

The genuine miracles of Christ were such miracles as can always be produced.

and limitless floods," was used, slightly revised, in "A Song of Joys," which first appeared in the 1860

and limitless floods," was used, slightly revised, in "A Song of Joys," which first appeared in the 1860

and limitless floods," was used, slightly revised, in "A Song of Joys," which first appeared in the 1860

In the 1860 edition, the line reads, "O the joy of that vast elemental sympathy which only the human

loosely to ideas expressed in the poem "A Song of Joys," first published as "Poem of Joys" in the 1860

the Crossing the Fulton ferry to-day, I met an old acquaintance, to-day whom I had missed from the city

took hold of some scheme or claim before upon the legislature, and lobbied for it;—he helped men who were

: "If I and you and the worlds and all beneath or upon their surfacees, and all the palpable life, were

What w W hat can may you conceive of or propound name to me in the future, that were a greater miracle

Lines from the notebook were used in "Song of Myself," a version of which was published in the 1855 Leaves

the fourth poem in the 1855 Leaves; and "A Song of Joys," which appeared as "Poem of Joys" in the 1860

27O Earth, My Likeness (1860).

1860poetryhandwritten1 leaf20.5 x 16 cm; A draft of the poem first published as Calamus, No. 36 in 1860

The published version of Mediums, originally Chants Democratic No. 16 in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves

Starting from Paumanok was published first in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass as Proto-Leaf.

; He complains with sarcastic voice of my lagging I feel apt to clip it, and go; I am W W— — the American

Lines from the manuscript were included in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of

Lines from the manuscript were included in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of

, which appeared in the poem that eventually would be titled "Song of Myself": "Walt Whitman, an American

And whether those who defiled the living were as bad as they who defiled the dead?

and in them were the fathers of sons . . . and in them were the fathers of sons.

He was wise also, He was six feet tall . . . . he was over eighty years old  . . . . his sons were massive

from head to foot, It attracts with fierce undeniable attraction, I am drawn by its breath as if I were

one man . . . . he is the father of those who shall be fathers in their turns, In him the start of populous

and the use of the 1855 wrapper paper, this note was likely written sometime between late 1855 and 1860

revised in ink, about the 1833 Leonid meteor shower, likely related to the poem Year of Meteors. (1859–1860

—I know if it were the main matter, as under the name of pray Religion the original and main matter.

See Emory Holloway, ed., The Uncollected Poetry and Prose of Walt Whitman (Garden City, New York: Doubleday

See Emory Holloway, ed., The Uncollected Poetry and Prose of Walt Whitman (Garden City, New York: Doubleday

connections are more conclusive than others, but it is clear that at least some of the ideas and images here were

See Emory Holloway, ed., The Uncollected Poetry and Prose of Walt Whitman (Garden City, New York: Doubleday

rowing—the greatest persons come—the president comes and the governors come—political economy —the American

On the back of this leaf are draft lines that were used in the third poem in the first (1855) edition

.; On the back of this leaf are draft lines that were used in the third poem in the first (1855) edition

indelibly fix it and publish it, not for a model but an illustration, for the present and future of American

letters and American young men, for the south the same as the north, and for the Pacific and Mississippi

Of pure American breed, of reckless health, his body perfect, free from taint from top to toe, free forever

cruise with fishers in a fishing smack—or with a band of laughers and roughs in the streets of the city

in the upper right corner, perhaps indicating that Whitman was considering a title similar to the 1860

before the poem was first published in 1855, unless this is in fact a reworking of the section for the 1860

in the upper right corner, perhaps indicating that Whitman was considering a title similar to the 1860

before the poem was first published in 1855, unless this is in fact a reworking of the section for the 1860

AN ENGLISH AND AN AMERICAN POET.

Thus what very properly fits a subject of the British crown may fit very ill an American freeman.

Sure as the heavens envelope the earth, if the Americans want a race of bards worthy of 1855, and of

Poetry, to Tennyson and his British and American eleves, is a gentleman of the first degree, boating,

An English and an American Poet

leafhandwritten; Complete draft, lightly revised, of Beginners, a poem first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

Draft, with many corrections, of To Him That Was Crucified, a poem first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

Walt Whitman's Caution, a poem first appearing as one of the Messenger Leaves in Leaves of Grass (1860

, of the first poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

nature" that Whitman reworked and used in the poem To a President, first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

This manuscript contributed to the poem Proto-Leaf, which was first published in the 1860 edition of

some corrections, of the poem eventually titled To Foreign Lands, first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

29Poem of Sadnessabout 1860poetry1 leafhandwritten; Manuscript note probably recording the idea for the 1860

, of the sixth poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

of the seventh poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

apparently recording the poet's early idea for the poem first published as Chants Democratic 20 in 1860

On the reverse is a partial draft of the 1860 poem Calamus 9, which was dropped from subsequent editions