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apparently recording the poet's early idea for the poem first published as Chants Democratic 20 in 1860

of the second poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

, of the sixth poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

. — If Though I were opposed by what I felt the science linguists and lore of the whole earth deny what

This manuscript contributed to the poem Proto-Leaf, which was first published in the 1860 edition of

1871prosehandwritten11 leaves; These notes served as background for Whitman's discussion of current popular American

1 American literature must become distinct from all others.

—American writers of must become national, idiomatic, free from the genteel laws— America herself appears

ideas in this manuscript came from an article entitled "Thoughts on Reading" that appeared in the American

Whig Review in May 1845 ("Notes on Whitman's Reading," American Literature 26.3 [November 1954]: 352

American literature must become distinct

ideas in this manuscript came from an article entitled "Thoughts on Reading" that appeared in the American

Whig Review in May 1845 ("Notes on Whitman's Reading," American Literature 26.3 [November 1954]: 352

includes ideas and phrases that resemble those used in "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860

includes ideas and phrases that resemble those used in "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860

Joel Myerson (New York: Garland, 1993), 2:522-523; Major American Authors on CD-Rom: Walt Whitman (Westport

Joel Myerson (New York: Garland, 1993), 2:522-523; Major American Authors on CD-Rom: Walt Whitman (Westport

The lines were used in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself."

The lines were used in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself.

; This manuscript is an early draft of a portion of the opening poem of the Calamus cluster in the 1860

or clusters of poems, including "The States," "Prairies," "Prairie Spaces," "Prairie Babes," and "American

The notes were revised and incorporated into the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song

The notes were revised and incorporated into the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song

"; The lines in this manuscript were revised and included in the first poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves

leafhandwritten; On one side are two lines, heavily corrected, from a draft of the poem first published in 1860

It is possible that these lines are related to the poem Year of Meteors. (1859–1860), although other

It is possible that these lines were present on the manuscript when he made his transcription but have

Given the use of the 1855 wrapper paper, this was likely composed between late 1855 and 1860.

The first lines of the notebook poem were revised and published as "My Picture-Gallery" in The American

original (1855 Brooklyn) edition]1855prose2 leaveshandwrittenprinted; Printed copies of reviews that were

This is a partial, late draft, with minor revisions, of Bardic Symbols, first published in the April 1860

leafhandwritten; Complete draft, lightly revised, of Beginners, a poem first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

in the upper right corner, perhaps indicating that Whitman was considering a title similar to the 1860

before the poem was first published in 1855, unless this is in fact a reworking of the section for the 1860

in the upper right corner, perhaps indicating that Whitman was considering a title similar to the 1860

before the poem was first published in 1855, unless this is in fact a reworking of the section for the 1860

freedom of our own personal flesh, on our own sovereign, s independent soil, and assure us as if there were

The cancelled lines on the back of this manuscript leaf were used in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass

.; The cancelled lines on the back of this manuscript leaf were used in the 1855 edition of Leaves of

Describing the death of nine seven brothers and their parents——who can say that those who were least

Or that those were luckiest who made the most wealth, and lived the longest stretch of mortality?

On the back of this leaf are poetic lines that were used in revised form in the 1855 edition of Leaves

.; On the back of this leaf are poetic lines that were used in revised form in the 1855 edition of Leaves

when they reach one rod from the stoop, and st ood anding in the storm, of not one sound could they were

Whitman marked this line in an article published in an 1846 issue of the American Whig Review ("Translators

of Homer," American Whig Review 4, no. 1 [July 1846]: 364).

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American

Whitman marked this line in an article published in an 1846 issue of the American Whig Review ("Translators

of Homer," American Whig Review 4, no. 1 [July 1846]: 364).

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American

structure, the manuscript most closely resembles lines 39–43 in "Debris," a poem published in the 1860

structure, the manuscript most closely resembles lines 39–43 in "Debris," a poem published in the 1860

structure of this manuscript most closely resemble lines 39-43 in "Debris," a cluster published in the 1860

and confound them, / You shall see me showing a scarlet tomato, and a white pebble from the beach" (1860

contains a list of trial titles, probably for the poem first published as Calamus 15 in Leaves of Grass (1860

AN ENGLISH AND AN AMERICAN POET.

Thus what very properly fits a subject of the British crown may fit very ill an American freeman.

Sure as the heavens envelope the earth, if the Americans want a race of bards worthy of 1855, and of

Poetry, to Tennyson and his British and American eleves, is a gentleman of the first degree, boating,

An English and an American Poet

Gibson, an American adventurer (Walt Whitman, Selected Poems, 1855–1892, ed.

Martin's Griffin, 1999], 488; Walt Whitman and the Class Struggle [Iowa City: University of Iowa Press

Gibson, an American adventurer (Walt Whitman, Selected Poems, 1855–1892, ed.

Martin's Griffin, 1999], 488; Walt Whitman and the Class Struggle [Iowa City: University of Iowa Press

manuscript also resemble lines 39–43 in the untitled fourteenth poem of the "Debris" cluster of the 1860

manuscript also resemble lines 39–43 in the untitled fourteenth poem of the "Debris" cluster of the 1860

the last few lines of this manuscript resemble lines 39-43 in "Debris," a cluster published in the 1860

and confound them, / You shall see me showing a scarlet tomato, and a white pebble from the beach" (1860

Versions of these cancelled and fragmentary lines were used in the first poem in that edition, eventually

Versions of these cancelled and fragmentary lines were used in the first poem in that edition, eventually

The genuine miracles of Christ were such miracles as can always be produced.

and limitless floods," was used, slightly revised, in "A Song of Joys," which first appeared in the 1860

and limitless floods," was used, slightly revised, in "A Song of Joys," which first appeared in the 1860

and limitless floods," was used, slightly revised, in "A Song of Joys," which first appeared in the 1860

In the 1860 edition, the line reads, "O the joy of that vast elemental sympathy which only the human

—If they were repulsive nd brave he inscribed these monuments This manuscript is an adaptation of notes

visit to Egypt," two sets of manuscript notes about Egypt that Edward Grier dates to between 1855 and 1860

Both manuscripts were probably written shortly before or early in 1855, though the notes on the backing

show the continuation of the text on both paste-ons with text on the notebook leaves from which they were

visit to Egypt," two sets of manuscript notes about Egypt that Edward Grier dates to between 1855 and 1860

Both manuscripts were probably written shortly before or early in 1855, though the notes on the backing

sheet to which they have been pasted may have been written at a later date.; These notes were probably

show the continuation of the text on both paste-ons with text on the notebook leaves from which they were

Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf, from

"; Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf,

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American

"; This manuscript fragment features several lines of prose that were included, with slightly revised

manuscript are similar in idea to lines in the poem "To One Shortly to Die," first published in the 1860

manuscript are similar in idea to lines in the poem "To One Shortly to Die," first published in the 1860

Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf, from

.; Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf,

.— I remember at an evening party once at an up-town palace, we were with great caution .

fragment containing phrases that later became part of the poem "Unnamed Lands," first published in the 1860

fragment containing phrases that later became part of the poem "Unnamed Lands," first published in the 1860

lines are connected to what would become section 3 of "Song of Myself": "I have heard what the talkers were

44 Did you hear of the Hear now I can tell of the long besieged city ?

Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on the leaf from which

Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf, from

"; Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf,

date in the 1870s, a period during which Whitman repeatedly complained about how he was treated by American

the partition of in my nostrils; nose; I say that All the churches ever built now standing fail of were

ultimately titled "A Song for Occupations," and part of a cluster titled "Debris" that appeared in the 1860

ultimately titled "A Song for Occupations," and part of a cluster titled "Debris" that appeared in the 1860

uva.00251), this manuscript may also relate to lines 39-43 in "Debris," a cluster published in the 1860

and confound them, / You shall see me showing a scarlet tomato, and a white pebble from the beach" (1860

grabbing the good dishes exclusively to himself , . and grinning at the starvation of others, as if it were

supplied last two lines on the recto, starting with "I see you and stand before you driver of horses," were

supplied last two lines on the recto, starting with "I see you and stand before you driver of horses," were

that in theBetween 1854 and 1888prosehandwritten1 leaf; This manuscript is written on the back of a City

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

identical with the per years ago—and he was satisfied they were of that distant date.

Both manuscript scraps were probably written shortly before or early in 1855, though the notes on the

show the continuation of the text on both paste-ons with text on the notebook leaves from which they were

reverse of this paste-on, which would have been the only vertically oriented text in the notebook, were

Both manuscript scraps were probably written shortly before or early in 1855, though the notes on the

show the continuation of the text on both paste-ons with text on the notebook leaves from which they were

reverse of this paste-on, which would have been the only vertically oriented text in the notebook, were

.— Lines from this passage were revised and used in the poem eventually titled "The Sleepers," which

strong and solid arguments against slavery—lawyer—practical man—arguments addressed to the great American

crops fail—to forego all the flour and pork of the western states— to burn the navy, or half the a populous

town were less to lose, than one of his great sayings to lose.— Each word is sweet medicine to the soul

Mean as they are when we have ascended beyond them, and look back, they were doubtless the roads for

leaves, together with several other leaves, constitute a draft essay that perhaps contributed to the 1860