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Amid the Anglo-Saxon Protestant Christianity—so-called—of the city of New York, the African slave trade

Upon consideration, we substitute dashes for the names, which were originally inserted in full.

Through his friends, the firm in the city, he finds some vessel for sale.

A crew is engaged nominally for some West India or South American port—as far as possible with foreign

New London is a seaport city in Connecticut.

.; Lorenzo DeAngelis, George Nevins, and John Helms were Deputy US Marshals, Southern District of New

See also the note below regarding the Braman.; New London is a seaport city in Connecticut.; Whitman

Three men were tried in court for fitting out the slaver: Joseph Pedro da Cunha, Placido de Castro, and

The first two men were convicted, but de Costa escaped from a hotel on the way to the jail under the

He was discovered in 1860 under the name Garcia on board another slaver, the Kate, and was identified

& Divides Austria from Italy Tiber, Papal states Arno, Tuscany —Dnieper —Volga —Ural inland lakes Cities

Dresden 85,000 Saxony, Hanover, 40,000 Many of the items from this list of European rivers, lakes, and cities

were included in "Poem of Salutation" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass, suggesting that this manuscript

Many of the items from this list of European rivers, lakes, and cities were included in "Poem of Salutation

Whitman's cultural geography scrapbook.; Many of the items from this list of European rivers, lakes, and cities

were included in "Poem of Salutation" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass.

In the 1860 edition of Leaves, and in all subsequent editions, the poem was titled "Salut Au Monde!"

have set for myself to do, to meet people and The States face to face, to confront them with an American

Their shadows are projected in employments, in books, in the cities, in trade; their feet are on the

The instincts of the American people are all perfect, and tend to make heroes.

First-rate American persons are to be supplied.

There are Thirty-Two States sketched—the population thirty millions.

Every great city is a sort of countryman-trap.

It is often better, if you are to visit a city friend, to proceed to his abode by foot or by omnibus,

The city ordinances expressly provide that full explanations shall be posted in plain sight within every

If your errand is in the city, you will probably find no great difficulty in learning your way.

Don't be in haste to make city street acquaintances.

See Louise Pound, "'Peter Funk': The Pedigree of a Westernism," American Speech 4.3 (February 1929),

Butler, of having an affair with the "harlot" Slavery.; Decoy houses, also known as "touch houses," were

the greatest city in the whole world.

Where the city stands with the brawniest breed of orators and bards, Where the city stands that is beloved

city of the healthiest fathers stands, Where the city of the best-bodied mothers stands, There the greatest

city stands.

Were those your vast and solid?

wicked in carelessness of material construction, like the crumbly structures sometimes run up in our city

The domestic architecture—the dwelling-house architecture—of the city (for our Architectural Wickedness

not slow to hire them on the great American principle, that I am as good as anybody; which, however,

The girls are well prepared by their city training for such advice as that, and they take it.

fear, could they know how large a proportion of the business men and active male population of the city

By 1807, the park and the surrounding neighborhood were known as Hudson's Square, and the park served

John's Chapel—A Chapel the City Fought to Save," New York Times, April 27, 2008.; While it is not clear

Those who left the city.

call them both unwise and unhappy—speaking generally, for these were exceptions. 4.

, and the second from 1860 to 1862.

an independent city state.

Out into the street again; up and down the city.

and depicted the triumphant moment on November 25, 1783, when Washington and his army reentered the city

It was installed on June 5, 1856, and formally given to the city of New York on July 4.

, served two non-consecutive terms from 1855 to 1857, and the second from 1860 to 1862.

an independent city state.

Barnum's American Museum, which opened in 1842 and continued to operate until its destruction from fire

incomparable love, Plunging his semitic muscle into its merits and demerits, Making its geography, cities

, The superior marine, free commerce, fisheries, whaling, gold-digging, Wharf-hemm'd cities, railroad

to American persons, pro- gresses progresses , cities? Chicago, Canada, Arkansas?

Men, women, cities, nations, are only beautiful from nativity.

I will make cities and civilizations defer to me! I will confront these shows of the day and night!

On the verso, in blue pencil, appears a note, reading "Drum Taps—City of Ships" which appears to be in

This may indeed have been a draft of the poem City of Ships, which first appeared in 1865 as part of

of references to the Civil War indicate that it was inscribed prior to the publication of the the 1860

ALL day I have walked the city and talked with my friends, and thought of prudence, Of time, space, reality—of

ment atonement , Knows that the young man who composedly periled his life and lost it, has done exceeding

The "Short Boys" were a notorious nineteenth-century New York City nativist gang, involved in various

There were many such gangs (Swill Boys, Rock Boys, Old Maid Boys), all known for prowling the city streets

expensive fare and wealthy customers (Edwin Burrows and Mike Wallace, Gotham: A History of New York City

Somehow or other he always looks as if he were attempting to think out some problem a little too hard

(1789–1861) was president of the New York Academy of Medicine and an amateur historian of New York City

.; The "Short Boys" were a notorious nineteenth-century New York City nativist gang, involved in various

There were many such gangs (Swill Boys, Rock Boys, Old Maid Boys), all known for prowling the city streets

expensive fare and wealthy customers (Edwin Burrows and Mike Wallace, Gotham: A History of New York City

(1789–1861) was president of the New York Academy of Medicine and an amateur historian of New York City

Robert Bonner (1824–1899) edited the New York Ledger from 1855 to 1887 ("The Robert Bonner Papers 1860

seem to meabout 1860poetryhandwritten1 leaf13 cm x 11.5 cm; This manuscript is a draft of lines that were

published in Chants Democratic, number 13, in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

however, the lines on this manuscript are a draft of the section of the poem that was deleted after the 1860

of these states that they are to hold sway over physical objects, over armies, navies, wealth, population

Hudson's 'Thoughts on Reading,' American Whig Review, 1 (May 1845), 483–496, which he clipped and annotated

Hudson's 'Thoughts on Reading,' American Whig Review, 1 (May 1845), 483–496, which he clipped and annotated

been suggested that this is Nathaniel Bloom, a member of [Whitman]'s circle of friends in the early 1860s

Bloom, carman,' as listed in the [New York City] directories for 1854–1855" (Notebooks and Unpublished

been suggested that this is Nathaniel Bloom, a member of [Whitman]'s circle of friends in the early 1860s

Bloom, carman,' as listed in the [New York City] directories for 1854–1855" (Notebooks and Unpublished

While those on one side were thus passing down in line to the stern, those on the other, having faced

about, were passing up toward the bow, drawing their poles floating on the water.

They were the most athletic, restless, and reckless set of men the country ever produced.

In their habits, the keel-boatmen were lawless in the extreme, and would set the civil authorities at

Had their numbers increased with the population of the West, they would have endangered the peace of

republican egotism: "What very properly fits a subject of the British crown, may fit very ill an American

Sure as the heavens envelop the earth, if the Americans want a race of bards worthy of 1855, and of the

only one man…he is the father of those who shall be fathers in their turns, In him the start of populous

Leaves of Grass," of the Brooklyn poet who describes himself in one of them as: "Walt Whitman, an American

spite of all the freedom which has budded and bloomed since that year 1616, when his sacred ashes were

The chief street of a great city is a curious epitome of the life of the city; and when that street,

See Sean Wilentz, Chants Democratic: New York City and the Rise of the American Working Class, 1788–1850

Now the street may be said to be at high tide, and from eleven until three the full sea of the city,

One of the few exceptions where cross-class socialization took place were city theaters.

See Timothy Gilfoyle, City of Eros: New York City, Prostitution, and the Commercialization of Sex, 1790

highly influential figure whom Whitman admired even though their opinions on issues such as democracy were

See Sean Wilentz, Chants Democratic: New York City and the Rise of the American Working Class, 1788–1850

1815̵1837 (New York: Hill and Wang, 1978).; By the mid-nineteenth century, America's urban centers were

One of the few exceptions where cross-class socialization took place were city theaters.

See Timothy Gilfoyle, City of Eros: New York City, Prostitution, and the Commercialization of Sex, 1790

city stands.

to American persons, pro- gresses progresses , cities? Chicago, Canada, Arkansas?

I loved well those cities, I loved well the stately and rapid river, The men and women I saw were all

They were purified by death—they were taught and exalted.

From the American Phrenological Journal. AN ENGLISH AND AN AMERICAN POET. LEAVES OF GRASS.

Emerson in the printed letter sent to us—"I rubbed my eyes a little, to see if this sunbeam were no illusion

No illusion truly is Walt Whitman, the new American prodigy, who, as he is himself candid enough to intimate

On the other hand, according to an American review that flatters Walt Whitman, this kosmos is "a compound

maddened by this course of reading, and fancying himself not only an Emerson but a Carlyle and an American

Does he mention the American country, he feels bound thereupon to draw up a list of barns, waggons, wilds

says Mr Emerson in the printed letter sent to us,—"I rubbed my eyes a little, to see if this sunbeam were

On the other hand, according to an American review that flatters Mr Whitman, this kosmos is "a compound

All I mark as my own, you shall offset it with your own, Else it were time lost listening to me.

Walt Whitman, an American, one of the roughs, a kosmos, Disorderly fleshy and sensual . . . . eating

If nothing lay more developed the quahaug and its callous shell were enough.

that men and women were flexible, real, alive! that every thing was alive!

To think of all these wonders of city and country, and others taking great interest in them—and we taking

Do you enjoy yourself in the city? or engaged in business?

It is not to diffuse you that you were born of your mother and father—it is to identify you, 15 It is

The threads that were spun are gathered, the weft crosses the warp, the pattern is systematic.

believe, of the famous Whitman's poems, which made such a flutter among the "gray goose quills" of this city

But the author reasoning that the spirit of the American people, nay, of any people is chiefly represented

His own picture: "Walt Whitman, an American, one of the roughs, a Kosmos, Disorderly, fleshy, sensual

They live in other young men, O kings, They live in brothers, again ready to defy you: They were purified

by death…They were taught and exalted.

Schiller, had fulfilled their tasks and gone to other spheres; and all that remained with few exceptions, were

They stand, as it were, on clear mountains of intellectual elevation, and with keenest perception discern

He wears strange garb, cut and made by himself, as gracefully as a South American cavalier his poncho

A portion of that thought which broods over the American nation, is here seized and bodied forth by a

bibliographical data is missing; reprinted in Whitman, Leaves of Grass Imprints(Boston: Thayer & Eldridge, 1860

bibliographical data is missing; reprinted in Whitman, Leaves of Grass Imprints(Boston: Thayer & Eldridge, 1860

the name of this erratic and newest wonder; but at page 29 we find that he is— Walt Whitman, an American

The words 'an American' are a surplusage, 'one of the roughs' too painfully apparent; but what is intended

The chance of this might be formidable were it not ridiculous.

The American critics are, in the main, pleased with this man because he is self-reliant, and because

All I mark as my own you shall offset it with your own, Else it were time lost listening to me.

The showman and entertainer Phineas Taylor Barnum (1810-1891) emphasized in his American Museum (purchased

Tattler in summer of '42 Statesman in Spring of '43 Democrat in Summer of 44 Wrote for Dem Review, American

Subjects for articles Rapid and temporary mann of American changes of popula for eminent statesmen.

—They would be days for all live all Americans to get on their killing clothes I should advise all living

—Romans left, after being masters for 400 years.— After Romans abdicated, the British were so annoyed

400 years after the arrival of Saxons, they having founded different kingdoms, and, quarrelled—all were

Black Presence in Whitman's Manuscripts," in Whitman Noir: Black America and the Good Gray Poet (Iowa City

The original notebook is one of several that were lost during World War II, and its current whereabouts

with other text supplied from Emory Holloway, Uncollected Poetry and Prose of Walt Whitman (Garden City

This letter is addressed: Walt Whitman | Care Fowlers & Wells | New York City.

his time, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882) was both a highly popular and highly respected American

When Whitman met Longfellow in June 1876, he was unimpressed: "His manners were stately, conventional—all

Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849) was an American poet, fiction writer, and literary critic.

Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882) was an American poet, essayist, and leader among the Transcendentalists

revised draft of a poem first published as Longings For Home in Southern Literary Messenger (July 1860

) and Leaves of Grass (1860–61).

He has pasted in the first page a number of notices extracted with the scissors from American newspapers

and therefore we shall confine ourselves to laying before our readers, first, the opinions of the American

The relation of the two classes of extracts is curiously illustrative of contemporary American criticism

I rubbed my eyes a little, to see if this sunbeam were no illusion; but the solid sense of the book is

All I mark as my own you shall offset it with your own, Else it were time lost listening to me.

Let those that were prisoners take the keys! (Say!

Let the Asiatic, the African, the European, the American and the Australian, go armed against the murderous

Let there be immense cities—but through any of them, not a single poet, saviour, knower, lover!

the body of the work, wholly ignorant of the writer's name, profession, or age— "Walt Whitman, an American

These anxious longings of the soul as for an unknown good were to his mind the indication of slumbering

doubt [sic] because, "unlike one of the roughs," he failed to remark how "placid and self-contained" were

When we read that eulogy we were satisfied that this volume would prove to us a sealed book, and that

George Robins Gliddon (1809-1857) was an American Egyptologist who published several works on Egyptian

The Bowery Boys was a nativist, anti-Catholic, and anti-Irish gang based in New York City; they participated

of departed spirits, he weighs the hearts of the dead.; George Robins Gliddon (1809-1857) was an American

And if the body were not the soul, what is the soul?

I knew a man, he was a common farmer, he was the father of five sons, and in them were the fathers of

sons, and in them were the fathers of sons.

and visit him to see—he was wise also, He was six feet tall, he was over eighty years old—his sons were

from head to foot, It attracts with fierce undeniable attraction, I am drawn by its breath as if I were

Here, our latter-day poets are apt to whine over the times, as if Heaven were perpetually betraying the

the most amazing, one of the most startling, one of the most perplexing, creations of the modern American

with which Walt can paint the unhackneyed scenery of his native land, we subjoin a panorama:— By the city's

partial draft of the poem eventually known as A Broadway Pageant, first published in the June 27, 1860

does not prevail throughout the volume, for we learn on p. 29, that our poet is "Walt Whitman, an American

That he was an American, we knew before, for, aside from America, there is no quarter of the universe

he was one of the roughs was also tolerably plain; but that he was a kosmos, is a piece of news we were

Leaves of Grass (1856) From the American Phrenological Journal. AN ENGLISH AND AN AMERICAN POET.

Thus what very properly fits a subject of the British crown may fit very ill an American freeman.

Sure as the heavens envelop the earth, if the Americans want a race of bards worthy of 1855, and of the

Poetry, to Tennyson and his British and American eleves, is a gentleman of the first degree, boating,

Do you think city and country are to fall before the vehement egotism of your recitative of yourself?

Were all educations practical and ornamental well displayed out of me, what would it amount to?

6 Were I as the head teacher, charitable proprietor, wise statesman, what would it amount to?

Were I to you as the boss employing and paying you, would that satisfy you?

, the bins, mangers, mows, racks, Manufactures, commerce, engineering, the build- ing building of cities

, the trottoirs of a city when thousands of well-dressed people walk up and down, The cotton, woolen,

Walt Whitman, the world needed a "Native American" of thorough, out and out breed—enamored of women ladies

It were a spectacle worth seeing, this glorious Native American, who, when the daily labor of chisel

Were I an artist I would like no more suggestive subjects for my easel than Walt Whitman's pen has furnished

seems to me the beautiful uncut hair of graves I close the extracts from these "Leaves," which it were

share common ideas expressed throughout Leaves of Grass, especially in many of the new poems to the 1860

appear in section 6 of the final version ofStarting from Paumanok, first published as Proto-Leaf in the 1860

If they were, we might look for the extinction of the American race within a very few years.

You flagged walks of the cities! you strong curbs at the edges! You ferries!

I think heroic deeds were all conceived in the open air, I think I could stop here myself, and do miracles

Now if a thousand perfect men were to appear, it would not amaze me, Now if a thousand beautiful forms

to which you were destined—you hardly settle yourself to satis- faction satisfaction , before you are

To take to your use out of the compact cities as you pass through!

These and all else were to me the same as they are to you, I project myself a moment to tell you—also

I loved well those cities, I loved well the stately and rapid river, The men and women I saw were all

I had done seemed to me blank and sus- picious suspicious , My great thoughts, as I supposed them, were

had as much of you—I laid in my stores in advance, I considered long and seriously of you before you were

Thrive, cities! Bring your freight, bring your shows, ample and sufficient rivers!

Bride]1856 or laterpoetryprintedhandwritten1 leaf; A clipping of an article entitled "The Indian in American

Related to Them, with a piece of paper pasted to the bottom containing an idea for a poem about Native Americans

the name of this erratic and newest wonder; but at page 29 we find that he is — Walt Whitman, an American

The words "an American" are a surplusage, "one of the roughs" too painfully apparent; but what is intended

unless it means a man who thinks that the fine essence of poetry consists in writing a book which an American

The chance of this might be formidable were it not ridiculous.

The American critics are, in the main, pleased with this man because he is self-reliant, and because

Almost at the first page we opened we lighted upon the confession that the author was "W , an American

These were accompanied by a printed copy of an extravagant letter of praise addressed by Mr.

This doctrine is exemplified in the book by a panorama as it were of pictures, each of which is shared

If I were to suspect death I should die now.

by death…They were taught and exalted.

Anacreon (582 BC-485 BC) was an ancient Green lyric poet whose most popular poems were celebrations of

The interior American republic shall also be declared free and independent. . . .

Where is the vehement growth of our cities?

Where is the spirit of the strong rich life of the American mechanic, farmer, sailor, hunter, and miner

Poem of Walt Whitman, an American. 1 — Poem of Walt Whitman, an American.

I have heard what the talkers were talking, the talk of the beginning and the end, But I do not talk

If nothing lay more developed, the quahaug in its callous shell were enough.

if our colors were struck and the fighting done?

Were mankind murderous or jealous upon you, my brother, my sister?

, had fulfilled their tasks and gone to other spheres; and all that remained, with few exceptions, were

They stand, as it were, on clear mountains of intellectual elevation, and with keenest perception discern

He wears his strange garb, cut and made by himself, as gracefully as a South American cavalier his poncho

A portion of that thought, which broods over the American nation, is here seized and bodied forth by

the scrap (particularly the final portion of the second leaf) found their way into Whitman's essay American

National Literature, which appeared in the North American Review in March 1891, under the title Have

It was later reprinted in Good-Bye My Fancy (1891), under the title American National Literature before

duk.00035xxx.00610MS 13The American people ever1856prose2 leaveshandwritten; A manuscript about the California

The American people ever