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Thayer Thayer & Eldridge | June 11 1860 William Wilde Thayer to Walt Whitman, 5 June 1860

Eldridge, the Boston publishing firm responsible for the third edition of Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass (1860

Thayer & Eldridge had reprinted his novel Amy Lee early in 1860.

The review Thayer and Eldridge sent to Whitman appeared in the Boston Banner of Light (2 June 1860).

The review of Leaves of Grass that appeared in the New-York Saturday Press on June 2, 1860, was signed

For Calvin Beach's review of the 1860 Leaves of Grass see "Leaves of Grass."

those limbs were no longer pulseless and the eye returned my admiring gaze.

—My eyes were opened:—before me stood a nude figure!

and "tears of angels"— Yours Truly Wilhelmina Walton Wilhelmina Walton to Walt Whitman, 16 August 1860

soon crop out the true "L EAVES OF G RASS ," the fuller- grown work of which the former two issues were

Quite after the same token as the Italian Opera, to most bold Americans, and all new persons, even of

Then, in view of the latter words, bold American!

You, bold American!

No, bold American!

and in England, a perfect specimen of choice typography,) came forth in Boston, the current year, 1860

Thus the book is a gospel of self-assertion and self-reliance for every American reader—which is the

.— It was a part of architecture—the temple was not stood unfinished without statues, and so they were

built made with reference to the temple—they were not made abstractly by themselves.— give a similar

1 Slavery—the Slaveholders—The Constitution—the true America and Americans, the laboring persons.— The

meanest of lies liars is the American aristocratic liar who with his palter s ing and stutter over denial

meanings purports intentions allotments and foundations requirements of the Bargain called it of the American

— 13 Well what is this American Republic for?

—In Massachusetts too were very intolerant religious tests.

References to the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 indicate that parts of this manuscript were likely written

characteristic Whitman fashion, from fragments large and small, with several discontinuities" which were

doubtless the case The The most immense share part of a A ncient History is altogether unknown ,— There were

Powerful, busy, and populous, and powerful nations, existed, on all the continents of the earth, at

busy populous and powerful nations on all the continents of the earth ; and doubtless for the certain

surely empires, cities cities, states pastoral tribes and uncivilized hordes upon the earth.

— 189 the feeling of war and war and justice and who were witty and wise, —and who were brutish and undeveloped—and

includes ideas and phrases that resemble those used in "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860

The manuscript was therefore probably written between 1855 and 1860, and at one time likely formed part

See, for instance, the lines: "What vast-built cities—What orderly republics—What pastoral tribes and

phrenology, / What of liberty and slavery among them—What they thought of death and the Soul, / Who were

, / Some prowling through woods—Some living peaceably on farms, laboring, reaping, filling barns" (1860

think it would be best not at all to bother with arguments against the foreign models, or to help American

models—but just go on supplying American models Not to blaat constantly for Native American models,

—The best way to promulge Native American models and literature, is to supply such forcible and s p u

A line from this manuscript appears in "Poem of Joys," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves

A line from this manuscript appears in "Poem of Joys," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves

of Leaves of Grass.; A line from this manuscript appears in "Poem of Joys," first published in the 1860

edition of Leaves of Grass: "No fumes—no ennui—no more complaints or scornful criticisms" (1860, p.

Edward Grier notes that the handwriting of this manuscript "suggests an early date, possibly before 1860

Edward Grier notes that the handwriting of this manuscript "suggests an early date, possibly before 1860

To t T he States, or any one of them, or any city of The States, Resist much , Obey little, Once unquestioning

obedience, once fully enslaved, Once fully enslaved, no nation, race, city, of this earth, ever afterward

"Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition of

manuscript was likely composed in the years immediately preceding the poem's first publication in 1860

"Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition of

manuscript was likely composed in the years immediately preceding the poem's first publication in 1860

.; "Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition

City Lunch N.Y.

Express, Oct. 21, 1856 "But for the American party, the Northern, sectional, geographical party of Wm

poem of the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass.

To you endless an To you, these, to report nature, man, politics, from an American point of view.

Lo, interminable intersecting streets in cities, full of living people, coming and going!

(See Bowers, Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] A Parallel Text [Chicago: The University of

It is of course possible, however, that parts of the notebook were inscribed before and/or after the

Much of the notebook is devoted to draft material for the 1860 poem eventually titled "Starting from

brief passage (on the verso of leaf 25) seems clearly to have contributed to "Song at Sunset," another 1860

It is unclear which pages were inscribed first; furthermore, several of the leaves have become detached

Revised as "A Broadway Pageant (Reception Japanese Embassy, June 16, 1860)" in Drum-Taps (1865) and reprinted

I know a rich capitalist who, out of his wealth, built a marble church, the most splendid in the city

intended to scare away unrest The genuine m M an is not, as would have him, like one of a block of city

" in The American in October 1880.

–1861 , later called "Our Old Feuillage": "Encircling all, vast-darting up and wide, the American Soul

See Holloway, "A Whitman Manuscript," American Mercury 3 (December 1924), 475–480.

See Holloway, "A Whitman Manuscript," American Mercury 3 (December 1924), 475–480.

One passage seems to have contributed to the 1860–1861 poem that Whitman later titled "Our Old Feuillage

Note Book Walt Whitman The notes describing "the first after Osiris" were likely derived from information

—What real Americans can be made out of slaves?

What real Americans can be made out of the masters of slaves?

The questions are such as these Has his life shown the true American character?

first printed in the second (1856) and third (1860–1861) editions.

edition of Leaves of Grass but that the notebook also contains material clearly related to things that were

first printed in the second (1856) and third (1860–1861) editions.

Whitman revised the text on leaf 23 verso to include a rather long passage that exceeded the space available

Revised as "Leaves of Grass. 1" in Leaves of Grass (1860) and reprinted as "Elemental Drifts," Leaves

This poem later appeared as "Chants Democratic 7," Leaves of Grass (1860) and as "With Antecedents,"

This poem later appeared as "Calamus No. 17," Leaves of Grass (1860); as "Of Him I Love Day and Night

This poem later appeared as "Calamus No. 40," Leaves of Grass (1860); as "That Shadow My Likeness," Leaves

This poem appeared as "Calamus No. 21" in Leaves of Grass (1860).

Heavenly Death," Leaves of Grass (1871-72).; This poem appeared as "Calamus No. 37" in Leaves of Grass (1860

in Hand," Leaves of Grass (1867).; This poem appeared as "Enfans d'Adam No. 15" in Leaves of Grass (1860

John & Mary) had 8 daughters and two sons—the men father & sons all followed the water—were expert sailors—Capt

or special permits for any business, whatever. no matter what. tr down ( —Whatever The control the City

Whitman or a collector bound together the items, which are on different sizes and types of paper and were

Whitman or a collector bound together the items, which are on different sizes and types of paper and were

herself; Of Equality—As if it harmed me, giving others the same chances and rights as myself— As if it were

This manuscript was probably composed in the late 1850s or in 1860 as Whitman was preparing the 1860

It is a draft of No. 4 of the "Thoughts" cluster published first in the 1860 edition.

ownership);" the second line was published as "Thought (Of Equality);" and the third and fourth lines were

This manuscript was probably composed in the late 1850s or in 1860 as Whitman was preparing the 1860

It is a draft of No. 4 of the "Thoughts" cluster published first in the 1860 edition.

ownership);" the second line was published as "Thought (Of Equality);" and the third and fourth lines were

"; This manuscript is a draft of No. 4 of the "Thoughts" cluster published first in the 1860 edition

"; The third and fourth lines of this draft were published as "Thought (Of Justice).

This estimate is in line with that of Edward Grier, who dates the manuscript to before 1860, based on

This estimate is in line with that of Edward Grier, who dates the manuscript to before 1860, based on

tuition, or amusements, can much longer permanently elude the jealous and passionate instinct of American

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

or amusements or the costumes of young men, can long elude the jealous and passionate instinct of American

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

of the Mississippi, scarcely any thing exists The first manuscript leaf is written on the back of a City

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

difficult to date conclusively, but it was almost certainly written after 1854 and probably before 1860

The first manuscript leaf is written on the back of a City of Williamsburgh tax form, filled out and

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

difficult to date conclusively, but it was almost certainly written after 1854 and probably before 1860

It seems he also considered giving that title to the cluster of poems in the 1860 edition that was eventually

of the Poet's Manuscripts, vol. 1, part 2, Garland Publishing, 1993; Primary Source Media's Major American

It seems he also considered giving that title to the cluster of poems in the 1860 edition that was eventually

of the Poet's Manuscripts, vol. 1, part 2, Garland Publishing, 1993; Primary Source Media's Major American

from their meanings—sometimes a great mistake is perpetuated in a word, (as the term calling the American

The last two phrases of this manuscript appeared in "Poem of Joys" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass

speculate on the circumstances or date of its composition, but it was probably written between 1850 and 1860

The last two phrases of this manuscript appeared in "Poem of Joys" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass

speculate on the circumstances or date of its composition, but it was probably written between 1850 and 1860

.; The last two phrases of this manuscript were used in the "Poem of Joys," first published in the 1860

I do not expect to dispel the I say that if once the conventional distinctions were dis-pelled from our

1993), Elisa New attributes the manuscript to "the period when the first drafts of Leaves of Grass were

1993), Elisa New attributes the manuscript to "the period when the first drafts of Leaves of Grass were

cold—as the soiledness of animals and the bareness of vegetables and minerals No more than these th were

possibility that Whitman drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s, as he was composing the poems that were

possibility that Whitman drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s, as he was composing the poems that were

rivers, forests , —all are Not distant caverns, volcanoes, cataracts, curious islands, birds, foreign cities

dreams, Nothing happens, or ever has happened, or ever can happen, but the vital laws are enough, None were

or will be hurried—none were or will be retarded; A vast clear scheme—each learner learning it for himself

true owner of the library Edward Grier suggests that this manuscript was probably written prior to 1860

sentiment between it and the initial line of No. 4 of the "Thoughts" cluster published first in the 1860

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American

Edward Grier suggests that this manuscript was probably written prior to 1860, noting some similarities

sentiment between it and the initial line of No. 4 of the "Thoughts" cluster published first in the 1860

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American

manuscript are similar to the initial line of No. 4 of the "Thoughts" cluster published first in the 1860

to own things could not at pleasure enter upon all, and incorporate them into himself or herself" (1860

visit to Egypt," two sets of manuscript notes about Egypt that Edward Grier dates to between 1855 and 1860

visit to Egypt," two sets of manuscript notes about Egypt that Edward Grier dates to between 1855 and 1860

The manuscript is written on the blank side of an 1850s tax form from the City of Williamsburgh.

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

The manuscript is written on the blank side of an 1850s tax form from the City of Williamsburgh.

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

.— CWB M-XVIII This manuscript was probably written between 1856 and 1860, when Whitman was working on

This manuscript was probably written between 1856 and 1860, when Whitman was working on the poems for

Calamus 18. p 363 City of my walks and joys!

City whom that I have lived and sung there will one day make you illustrious!

little you h You city : what do y you repay me for my daily walks joys Not these your crowded rows of

On the back of this leaf is a draft of a poem published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass

City of my walks and joys

This manuscript is a draft of the poem first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass as number

18 in the "Calamus" cluster and ultimately entitled "City of Orgies."

manuscript was probably written in the late 1850s.; This is a draft of the poem first published in the 1860

edition of Leaves of Grass as number 18 in the "Calamus" cluster and ultimately entitled "City of Orgies

digital images of the original.; On the back of this leaf is a draft of a poem published first in the 1860

A City Walk: 2 V Just a list of all that is seen in a walk through the streets of Brooklyn & New York

The heading of this manuscript reads "A City Walk," which may be suggestive of the tentative title "City

and Joys," the name Whitman originally assigned to "Calamus" 18 in his "Blue Book" revisions of the 1860

This title was changed in the "Blue Book" to "City of orgies, walks and joys" and finally became "City

A City Walk

The heading of this manuscript reads "A City Walk," which may be suggestive of the tentative title "City

and Joys," the name Whitman originally assigned to "Calamus" 18 in his "Blue Book" revisions of the 1860

This title was changed in the "Blue Book" to "City of orgies, walks and joys" and finally became "City

assigned to "Calamus" 18 in his "Blue Book" revisions of the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

This title was changed in the "Blue Book" to "City of orgies, walks and joys" and finally became "City

.— These manuscript lines were probably written in the 1850s.

resemblance to ideas expressed in the opening lines of poem #14 of "Chants Democratic and Native American

," which first appeared in the 1860 Leaves of Grass.

These manuscript lines were probably written in the 1850s.

resemblance to ideas expressed in the opening lines of poem #14 of "Chants Democratic and Native American

," which first appeared in the 1860 Leaves of Grass.

to ideas expressed in the opening lines of section 14 of the poem "Chants Democratic and Native American

," which first appeared in the 1860 Leaves of Grass: "Not to-day is to justify me, and Democracy, and

.— This manuscript was probably written between 1850 and 1860.

lines are similar in subject to lines in the poem "To One Shortly to Die," first published in the 1860

Fragmentary lines written on the back of this manuscript leaf were used in the poem eventually titled

This manuscript was probably written between 1850 and 1860.

lines are similar in subject to lines in the poem "To One Shortly to Die," first published in the 1860

manuscript are similar in subject to lines in the poem "To One Shortly to Die," first published in the 1860

for instance, the line: "You are to die—Let others tell you what they please, I cannot prevaricate" (1860

from digital images of the original.; Fragmentary lines written on the back of this manuscript leaf were

of the bride to the husband Based on the handwriting, Edward Grier dates this manuscript to before 1860

Based on the handwriting, Edward Grier dates this manuscript to before 1860 (Notebooks and Unpublished

with trees— all prove beyond cavil the existence, ages since, in the Western World, of powerful, populous

Maurice Bucke's Notes and Fragments (1899), Edward Grier speculates that Whitman wrote this before 1860

Maurice Bucke's Notes and Fragments (1899), Edward Grier speculates that Whitman wrote this before 1860

springing from all trades and employments, and effusing them and from sailors and landsmen, and from the city

manuscript notes may also date to that period, although the draft lines on the reverse of the leaf, which were

manuscript notes may also date to that period, although the draft lines on the reverse of the leaf, which were

This manuscript was probably written between 1850 and 1860.

The lines were used in the poem "To One Shortly to Die," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves

This manuscript was probably written between 1850 and 1860.

The lines were used in the poem "To One Shortly to Die," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves

of Grass.; Lines from this manuscript were used in the poem "To One Shortly to Die," first published

in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass: "You are to die—Let others tell you what they please, I cannot

prevaricate, / I am exact and merciless, but I love you—There is no escape for you" (1860, p. 398).;

the first-person perspective in these draft lines, Emory Holloway has speculated that they likely were

The first several lines of "Pictures" (not including this line) were eventually revised and published

as "My Picture-Gallery" in The American in October 1880.

the first-person perspective in these draft lines, Emory Holloway has speculated that they likely were

The first several lines of "Pictures" (not including this line) were eventually revised and published

as "My Picture-Gallery" in The American in October 1880.

The first several lines of the poem (not including this line) were revised and published in The American

This manuscript is a draft of a poem published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass as number

On the back of this leaf is a draft of the poem "City of Orgies," first published in the 1860 edition

This manuscript is a draft of a poem published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass as number

It was likely written in the late 1850s.; This is a draft of a poem published first in the 1860 edition

Transcribed from digital images of the original.; On the back of this leaf is a draft of the poem "City

of Orgies," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass as "Calamus" No. 18.