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This poem later appeared as "Chants Democratic 7," Leaves of Grass (1860) and as "With Antecedents,"

26tex.00055xxx.00708Write a drunken song…Write A Drunken Songprobably between 1860 and 1875poetry1 leafhandwritten

, Down from the showered halo, Up from the mystic play of shadows, twining and twisting as if they were

Note Book Walt Whitman The notes describing "the first after Osiris" were likely derived from information

—What real Americans can be made out of slaves?

What real Americans can be made out of the masters of slaves?

The questions are such as these Has his life shown the true American character?

first printed in the second (1856) and third (1860–1861) editions.

edition of Leaves of Grass but that the notebook also contains material clearly related to things that were

first printed in the second (1856) and third (1860–1861) editions.

Whitman revised the text on leaf 23 verso to include a rather long passage that exceeded the space available

was written in August 1865, with the poetic lines likely composed slightly earlier (likely the early 1860s

Thayer Thayer & Eldridge | June 11 1860 William Wilde Thayer to Walt Whitman, 5 June 1860

Eldridge, the Boston publishing firm responsible for the third edition of Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass (1860

Thayer & Eldridge had reprinted his novel Amy Lee early in 1860.

The review Thayer and Eldridge sent to Whitman appeared in the Boston Banner of Light (2 June 1860).

The review of Leaves of Grass that appeared in the New-York Saturday Press on June 2, 1860, was signed

For Calvin Beach's review of the 1860 Leaves of Grass see "Leaves of Grass."

those limbs were no longer pulseless and the eye returned my admiring gaze.

—My eyes were opened:—before me stood a nude figure!

and "tears of angels"— Yours Truly Wilhelmina Walton Wilhelmina Walton to Walt Whitman, 16 August 1860

The review by the Cincinnati Commercial of Walt Whitman's last yawp, which (the review) you were frank

but "tried, tried again," until I believe the closed-up sutures in my cranium were opened as widely as

if the brains were out, and a pint of white beans were in with the whole caput-al arrangement-soaking

It is like the sound of the wind or the sea, a fitting measure for the first distinctive American bard

who speaks for our large-scaled nature, for the red men who are gone, for our vigorous young population

careless or hap-hazard, anymore than Niagara, the Mississippi, the prairies, or the great Western cities

becomes a question how such a book can have acquired a vogue and popularity that could induce an American

will in reputation dearly pay for the fervid encomium with which he introduced the Author to the American

described by the following equation,—as Tupper is to English Humdrum, so is Walt Whitman to the American

Westminster Review 74 n.s. 18 (October 1860), 590. "Man is god to himself" Walt.

Westminster Review 74 n.s. 18 (October 1860), 590.; "Man is god to himself"

To t T he States, or any one of them, or any city of The States, Resist much , Obey little, Once unquestioning

obedience, once fully enslaved, Once fully enslaved, no nation, race, city, of this earth, ever afterward

"Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition of

manuscript was likely composed in the years immediately preceding the poem's first publication in 1860

"Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition of

manuscript was likely composed in the years immediately preceding the poem's first publication in 1860

.; "Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition

TO The States, or any one of them, or any city of The States, Resist much, obey little, Once unquestioning

obedience, once fully enslaved, Once fully enslaved, no nation, state, city, of this earth, ever afterward

The printers and foremen thought I was crazy, and there were all sorts of supercilious squints (about

Walt Whitman to Thomas Jefferson Whitman, 10 May 1860

In 1860 its circulation was 400,000; see Mott, A History of American Magazines, 2:356–363.

I am stopping at a lodging house, have a very nice room, gas, water, good American folks keep it—I pay

Walt Whitman to Thomas Jefferson Whitman, 1 April 1860

(Heyde was still in a genial mood when he wrote again on May 18, 1860, to Whitman.

Andrew was recovering from an illness, "made worse," according to Jeff in a letter dated April 3, 1860

Relations between the two families were sometimes strained; see Whitman's letter from March 22, 1864

Of the forthcoming Leaves of Grass, Jeff wrote on April 3, 1860: "I quite long for it to make its appearence

necessitated by new theories, new themes—or say the new treatment of themes, forced upon us for American

Furthermore, I have surely attained headway enough with the American public, especially with the literary

Walt Whitman to the Editors of Harper's Magazine, 7 January 1860

Number four of the "Chants Democratic," printed in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass, 159–166.

Walt Whitman to the Editor of the New York Sunday Courier, 16 January 1860

There are no extant copies of the New York Sunday Courier for 1860.

Walt Whitman to the Editor of the Atlantic Monthly, 2 March 1860

Portia Baker analyzes Whitman's relations with this magazine in American Literature 6 (November 1934)

See Whitman's letter from January 20, 1860 .

Ticknor and Fields, publishers of the Atlantic Monthly, sent Whitman a check for $30 on March 6, 1860

I shall send you a tally of the latter as I Walt Whitman to Thayer & Eldridge, May 1860

It would appear, then, that despite his reference in the letter from May 10, 1860 to his imminent departure

Walt Whitman to Thayer & Eldridge, August 1860

The date is apparently August, since on August 17, 1860, Thayer & Eldridge thanked Whitman for his advice

Clapp had suggested to Whitman on March 27, 1860, that he might get Thayer & Eldridge to "advance me

On May 14, 1860, Clapp was "in a state of despair . . . all for the want of a paltry two or three hundred

Walt Whitman to James Russell Lowell, 20 January 1860

The two lines were omitted in the magazine.

Walt Whitman to Henry Clapp, Jr., 12 June 1860

Leland, which had appeared earlier in the Philadelphia City Item: a poem entitled "Enfans de Soixante-Seize

Leland (1828-68) was the author of Grey-Bay Mare, and Other Humorous American Sketches (Philadelphia:

Yours &c Walt Whitman Walt Whitman to Frederick Baker, 24 April 1860

On April 23, 1860, Frederick Baker, attorney at law, 15 Nassau Street, New York City, wrote to Whitman

Price, 29 March 1860

W. corner Greenwich and Horatio streets, | New York | city. Postmark: Boston | Mar | 29 | (?).

was the Boston publishing firm responsible for the third edition of Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass (1860

The date of the meeting was probably March 17, 1860, since on that day Emerson obtained reading privileges

Walt Whitman by Unknown, ca. early 1860s Henry S.

Hine, 1860 Whitman called this engraving, which he used as the frontispiece for the 1860 edition of Leaves

See Ted Genoways, "'Scented herbage of my breast': Whitman's Chest Hair and the Frontispiece to the 1860

, ca. early 1860s Library of Congress print of photo, in unknown handwriting on the back, identifies

this as having been taken around 1860 by Mathew Brady.For more information on J.

Black of Black and Batchelder, 1860 Writing in 1860 about his trip to Boston, Whitman said to his friend

Among American authors there is one named Walt Whitman, who, in 1855, first issued a small quarto volume

city, and brought up in Brooklyn and in New York.

They are certainly filled with an American spirit, breathe the American air, and assert the fullest American

Year 85 of the States (1860—61). London: Trübner & Co.

cantos were published in 1773.

The first three cantos of his epic poem, The Messiah (Der Messias), were published in 1749; the final

cantos were published in 1773.

oceans and inland seas, over the continents of the world, over mountains, forests, rivers, plains, and cities

Consequently, Walt Whitman, who presents himself as the Poet of the American Republic in the Present

Meantime we submit, as appropriate in this connection, the following critical remarks from the North American

taste and skill in book-making, that has ever been afforded to the public by either an English or an American

Year 85 of the States (1860—61). Walt Whitman

politics, art or literature, we present here a finely-executed portrait of W ALT W HITMAN , the new American

publication of a superb edition of whose poems "Leaves of Grass" is bringing him permanently before the American

day and generation. was born in Brooklyn, Long Island, May 31, 1818, and is yet a resident of the "City

I rubbed my eyes a little to see if this sunbeam were no illusion; but the solid sense of the book is

In 1856 he issued another and somewhat enlarged edition, which were speedily disposed of.

[From the Philadelphia City Item] WALT WHITMAN. BY HENRY P. LELAND.

Those old-world conquerors, the Romans, carried just such tools, and Americans of all nations now extant

raftsmen, and farmers and red-cheeked matrons, and omnibus-drivers and mechanics; and for all true Americans

Malaga, Spain, was once a major Moorish city and port, famed for its figs and wine.

In 1487 the city fell to Isabella and Ferdinand, the Christian conquerors.

Malaga, Spain, was once a major Moorish city and port, famed for its figs and wine.

In 1487 the city fell to Isabella and Ferdinand, the Christian conquerors.; Quevredo is a misspelling

publication in the Liberator , please see Ezra Greenspan's article, "An Undocumented Review of the 1860

publication in the Liberator, please see Ezra Greenspan's article, "An Undocumented Review of the 1860

I have heard what the talkers were talking, the talk of the beginning and the end, But I do not talk

All I mark as my own, you shall offset it with your own, Else it were time lost listening to me.

, The blocks and fallen architecture more than all the living cities of the globe.

If our colors were struck, and the fighting done?

Were mankind murderous or jealous upon you, my brother, my sister?

Nature had given him a strong constitution, and his features were those of a dreamy sensualist.

to American persons, progresses, cities?—Chicago, Kanada, Arkansas?

Walt Whitman, an American, one of the roughs, a Kosmos, Disorderly, fleshy, sensual, eating, drinking

vulgar inditings of an uneducated man, free from any Old World philosophy, or Old World religion, were

of the Mississippi, scarcely any thing exists The first manuscript leaf is written on the back of a City

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

difficult to date conclusively, but it was almost certainly written after 1854 and probably before 1860

The first manuscript leaf is written on the back of a City of Williamsburgh tax form, filled out and

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

difficult to date conclusively, but it was almost certainly written after 1854 and probably before 1860

ages, that men and women like us grew up and travelled their course, and passed on; What vast-built cities—What

and phrenology, What of liberty and slavery among them—What they thought of death and the Soul, Who were

O I know that those men and women were not for nothing, any more than we are for nothing, I know that

Do their lives, cities, arts, rest only with us? Did they achieve nothing for good, for themselves?

springing from all trades and employments, and effusing them and from sailors and landsmen, and from the city

Were you thinking that those were the words—those upright lines? those curves, angles, dots?

Were you thinking that those were the words— those delicious sounds out of your friends' mouths?

them—my qualities inter- penetrate interpenetrate with theirs—my name is nothing to them, Though it were

echo the tones of Souls, and the phrases of Souls; If they did not echo the phrases of Souls, what were

If they had not reference to you in especial, what were they then?

leaveshandwrittenprinted; One of a series of draft introductions Whitman prepared for Leaves of Grass, but which were

until collected by Clifton Joseph Furness in Walt Whitman's Workshop (1928), portions of this draft were

Lines from this manuscript were also revised and used in the poem, So Long!

, which first appeared in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

OFFICE OF THE ATLANTIC MONTHLY BOSTON, March 6, 1860. MR. WALT WHITMAN— Sir.

Yours truly, Ticknor & Fields Ticknor & Fields, for The Atlantic Monthly, to Walt Whitman, 6 March 1860

By the late 1840s Ticknor and Fields were publishing most of their trade books in a dark brown cloth;

For discussion of Ticknor and Fields's "blue and gold" books see Michael Winship, American Literary Publishing

nyp.00516xxx.00022[Thuswise it comes]1860–1867poetry3 leaveshandwritten; One of a series of draft introductions

Whitman prepared for Leaves of Grass, but which were never printed during Whitman's lifetime.

The poems were apparently never further developed and were never published.

Based on this date it can be speculated that the notes were written late in 1875 (a possibility corroborated

by the list of names), but the poem(s) may have been inscribed in the late 1860s or earlier.

OF what I write from myself—As if that were not the resumé; Of Histories—As if such, however complete

, were not less complete than my poems; As if the shreds, the records of nations, could possibly be as

lasting as my poems; As if here were not the amount of all nations, and of all the lives of heroes.

herself; Of Equality—As if it harmed me, giving others the same chances and rights as myself—As if it were

Your affectionate Brother Jeff Thomas Jefferson Whitman to Walt Whitman, 3 April 1860

See Walt Whitman's letter to Thomas Jefferson Whitman dated April 1, 1860.

Jeff's first daughter, Manahatta ("Hattie"), would be born on June 1860.

Jamaica April 16th 1860 Dear Brother Walt, I was at home yesterday as usual  everything is going on about

Thomas Jefferson Whitman to Walt Whitman, 16 April 1860

Jeff writes in a letter to Walt from April 3, 1860, that "Andrew has been very sick but was getting better

These volumes were in the poet's library at his death.

, the originator of the "Lyceum" lectures, and editor of the North American Review in 1886.

He concluded his first letter to Whitman on June 25, 1860: "I love you, Walt!

, 1860. For more information on Redpath see "Redpath, James [1833–1891]."

leafhandwritten; A small scrap of prose that would make its way into a footnote for Carlyle From American

Although Edward Grier states that the handwriting on the scrap indicates a date in the 1860s, the essay

nyp.00514xxx.00524[The best of the two Introductions]1860–1865prose8 leaveshandwritten; One of a series

of draft introductions Whitman prepared for Leaves of Grass, but which were never printed during Whitman's

until collected by Clifton Joseph Furness in Walt Whitman's Workshop (1928), portions of this draft were

Your Friends Thayer & Eldridge Thayer & Eldridge to Walt Whitman, 9 March 1860

was a Boston publishing firm responsible for the third edition of Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass (1860

Boston March 7, 1860 Walt Whitman Brooklyn, N.Y. Dear Sir When we wrote you last week that our Mr.

your work & put it through Yours Truly Thayer & Eldridge Thayer & Eldridge to Walt Whitman, 7 March 1860

was a Boston publishing firm responsible for the third edition of Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass (1860