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Year : 1865

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Drum-Taps and Sequel to Drum-Taps

  • Date: 1865; 1865–1866
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Text:

Old matron of the city! this proud, friendly, turbulent city!

CITY OF SHIPS. CITY of ships! (O the black ships! O the fierce ships!

City of the world!

City of wharves and stores! city of tall façades of mar- ble marble and iron!

what were God?)

America needs her own poems

  • Date: Early 1860s
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Text:

tropes, likenesses, piano music, and smooth rhymes — nor of This manuscript probably dates to the early 1860s

the leaf (duk.00795), which contains draft lines that contributed to poems first published in the 1860

these years I sing...]" and to "Apostroph," the opening section of "Chants Democratic and Native American

Both poems first appeared in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass. America needs her own poems

Annotations Text:

This manuscript probably dates to the early 1860s, as it appears to have been inscribed after the writing

the leaf (duk.00795), which contains draft lines that contributed to poems first published in the 1860

these years I sing...]" and to "Apostroph," the opening section of "Chants Democratic and Native American

Both poems first appeared in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass.

(Poem) Shadows

  • Date: Between 1850 and 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Text:

"The Two Vaults," a poem that is recorded in a New York notebook that probably dates to the early 1860s

A note about an editorial on "American Expansion and Settlement Inland" is written on the back of this

Annotations Text:

"The Two Vaults," a poem that is recorded in a New York notebook that probably dates to the early 1860s

Notebook (1861–1862).; Transcribed from digital images of the original.; A note about an editorial on "American

After certain disastrous campaigns

  • Date: Between 1862 and 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Text:

Emory Holloway (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1921).

Annotations Text:

Emory Holloway (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1921).; This is a draft of a poem unpublished in

Emory Holloway (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1921).; Transcribed from digital images of the original

Others may praise what they like

  • Date: About 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Text:

1879 or early 1880, just after Whitman's trip to the western U.S. in 1879 (The Correspondence [Iowa City

University of Iowa Press, 2004], 57), it seems more likely that the draft letter is probably from 1860

supplied—the great West especially—with copious thousands of copies" (New York Saturday Press [7 January 1860

Annotations Text:

1879 or early 1880, just after Whitman's trip to the western U.S. in 1879 (The Correspondence [Iowa City

University of Iowa Press, 2004], 57), it seems more likely that the draft letter is probably from 1860

supplied—the great West especially—with copious thousands of copies" (New York Saturday Press [7 January 1860

Silence

  • Date: Between 1850 and 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Text:

Based on the handwriting, Edward Grier dates the top scrap to the 1860s and the bottom scrap to the 1850s

Annotations Text:

Based on the handwriting, Edward Grier dates the top scrap to the 1860s and the bottom scrap to the 1850s

Louisa Van Velsor Whitman to Walt Whitman, 10 December 1865

  • Date: December 10, 1865
  • Creator(s): Louisa Van Velsor Whitman
Text:

next morning very much alarmed indeed there is very much house breaking and robbery going on in this city

Annotations Text:

Because the letter refers to local burglaries and fights in the City Park near the Naval Yard, the intended

The criminal activity that menaced the City Park near the Naval Yard followed mass layoffs of laborers

Louisa had described a crime near City Park a few weeks earlier (see her November 25, 1865 letter to

which occurred on Portland Avenue near Myrtle on December 5, was reported in the next day's paper ("City

Louisa Van Velsor Whitman to Walt Whitman, 3 December [1865]

  • Date: December 3, 1865
  • Creator(s): Louisa Van Velsor Whitman
Text:

time wont won't wait for us well Walt i dident didn't get my shoes i had made for me they fit me they were

Annotations Text:

The Navy Yard workers were organized by profession: carpenters, plumbers, caulkers, etc.

Jessie and her sister Manahatta "Hattie" were both favorites of their uncle Walt.

Louisa Van Velsor Whitman to Walt Whitman, 25 November [1865]

  • Date: November 25, 1865
  • Creator(s): Louisa Van Velsor Whitman
Annotations Text:

Bucke's year 1865 is confirmed because the letter describes an alleged murder in Brooklyn City Park,

The reported murder occurred in the City Park, which borders the U.S.

Two suspects were identified, Theodore Martinez Pellecer and Jose Gonzales, both Spanish nationals from

Cuba; the weapons used to kill Otero were two razors and a dagger.

The newspaper covered the case avidly and editorialized on city parks as havens for crime.

Mr. Walt Whitman

  • Date: 16 November 1865
  • Creator(s): James, Henry
Text:

If this were the case, we had been a nation of poets.

But in those cases in which these expressions were written out and printed with all due regard to prosody

Of course the city of Manhattan, as Mr.

This were indeed a wise precaution on his part if the intelligence were only submissive!

In another you call upon the city of New York to incarnate you, as you have incarnated it.

Annotations Text:

of facts and events, copies of important documents, etc.), compiled into book-length volumes which were

Pierre-Jean de Béranger (1780-1857) was a popular and influential French poet and songwriter whose lyrics were

Louisa Van Velsor Whitman to Walt Whitman, 14 November [1865]

  • Date: November 14, 1865
  • Creator(s): Louisa Van Velsor Whitman
Annotations Text:

A large number of newspapers were published under the title "New Yorker."

Drum-Taps

  • Date: 11 November 1865
  • Creator(s): Howells, William Dean
Text:

lawlessness of this poet, and one asks himself if this is not the form which the unconscious poetry of American

Is it not more probable that, if the passional principle of American life could find utterance, it would

The people fairly rejected his former revelation, letter and spirit, and those who enjoyed it were readers

There were reasons in the preponderant beastliness of that book why a decent public should reject it;

He has truly and thoroughly absorbed the idea of our American life, and we say to him as he says to himself

Drum Taps.—Walt Whitman

  • Date: 4 November 1865
  • Creator(s): Anonymous
Text:

not grounded in our soil; even though American in their reference, they were foreign to our New World

were not the outgrowth of that new movement in civilization which America inaugurates.

Still the poet may be said to be more truly artistic than if he were more ostensibly so.

The Indian Hunter by John Quincy Adams Ward (1860) is a bronze sculpture of a young Native American hunter

and his dog noted for its naturalist style and its American theme.

Annotations Text:

The Indian Hunter by John Quincy Adams Ward (1860) is a bronze sculpture of a young Native American hunter

and his dog noted for its naturalist style and its American theme.

Ellen M. O'Connor to Walt Whitman, 1 November 1865

  • Date: November 1, 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Text:

Glad we were to see it, Charley & I. Have you sent one to Emerson? Do , in haste, won't you?

Annotations Text:

For a time Whitman lived with William D. and Ellen O'Connor, who, with Eldridge and later Burroughs, were

O'Connor (1832–1889) was the author of Harrington, an abolition novel published by Thayer & Eldridge in 1860

Anson Ryder Jr. to Walt Whitman, 22 October 1865

  • Date: October 22, 1865
  • Creator(s): Anson Ryder Jr.
Text:

I write this not knowing but you may have left the place you were but shall use the envelope which you

Tommy (No. 6) he was quite well and enjoying himself well, said Tommy had a pleasant home and they were

Walt Whitman to Ellen M. O'Connor, 20 October 1865

  • Date: October 20, 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Annotations Text:

For a time Whitman lived with William D. and Ellen O'Connor, who, with Eldridge and later Burroughs, were

O'Connor (1832–1889) was the author of Harrington, an abolition novel published by Thayer & Eldridge in 1860

Ellen M. O'Connor to Walt Whitman, 17 October 1865

  • Date: October 17, 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Text:

Pleasants said they were well when Ashton left for Philadelphia.

Annotations Text:

For a time Whitman lived with William and Ellen O'Connor, who, with Eldridge and later Burroughs, were

O'Connor (1832–1889) was the author of Harrington, an abolition novel published by Thayer & Eldridge in 1860

Walt Whitman to Byron Sutherland, 15 October 1865

  • Date: October 15, 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Annotations Text:

1868, he wrote to Sutherland: "I retain just the same friendship I formed for you the short time we were

Walt Whitman to Ellen M. O'Connor, 12 October 1865

  • Date: October 12, 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Annotations Text:

For a time Whitman lived with William D. and Ellen O'Connor, who, with Eldridge and later Burroughs, were

O'Connor (1832–1889) was the author of Harrington, an abolition novel published by Thayer & Eldridge in 1860

Whitman enclosed a review of his work from the London Leader of June 30, 1860, for William D.

Thomas Jefferson Whitman to Walt Whitman, 29 September 1865

  • Date: September 29, 1865
  • Creator(s): Thomas Jefferson Whitman
Text:

8 or ten years —he certainly has the prospect of it—there is an immense amount of building in the city

Louis—I think it more than likely that he will build the water works of that city—if so it will be as

Annotations Text:

See Jeff's letter to Walt from April 16, 1860.

Louisa Van Velsor Whitman to Walt Whitman, 21 September [1865]

  • Date: September 21, 1865
  • Creator(s): Louisa Van Velsor Whitman
Annotations Text:

Vermont has no city or town named "Birmingham."

The Graysons were Southern sympathizers with a son in the Confederate Army.

Thomas Jefferson Whitman to Walt Whitman, 11 September 1865

  • Date: September 11, 1865
  • Creator(s): Thomas Jefferson Whitman
Annotations Text:

In September 1865 George hoped to construct an office building in New York City but lost the contract

Louisa Van Velsor Whitman to Walt Whitman, 11 September [1865]

  • Date: September 11, 1865
  • Creator(s): Louisa Van Velsor Whitman
Text:

is very beautiful this gentleman that spoke to me about it said they didint didn't feel as if they were

Annotations Text:

Vermont has no city or town named Birmingham.

The "young ones" are Manahatta "Hattie" Whitman (1860–1886) and Jessie Louisa "Sis" Whitman (1863–1957

Byron Sutherland to Walt Whitman, 5 September 1865

  • Date: September 5, 1865
  • Creator(s): Byron Sutherland
Annotations Text:

1868, he wrote to Sutherland: "I retain just the same friendship I formed for you the short time we were

Louisa Van Velsor Whitman to Walt Whitman, [5 September 1865]

  • Date: September 5, 1865
  • Creator(s): Louisa Van Velsor Whitman
Annotations Text:

Manahatta Whitman (1860–1886), known as "Hattie," was the daughter of Thomas Jefferson "Jeff" Whitman

Hattie and her younger sister Jessie Louisa (1863–1957) were both favorites of their uncle Walt.

Louisa Van Velsor Whitman to Walt Whitman, [29 August 1865]

  • Date: August 29, 1865
  • Creator(s): Louisa Van Velsor Whitman
Annotations Text:

She and Jeff had two daughters, Manahatta "Hattie" (1860–1886) and Jessie Louisa "Sis" (b. 1863).

James "Jimmy" and George "Georgy" Whitman were the sons of Andrew Jackson Whitman (1827–1863) and Nancy

Walt Whitman to Byron Sutherland, 26 August 1865

  • Date: August 26, 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Annotations Text:

1868, he wrote to Sutherland: "I retain just the same friendship I formed for you the short time we were

Anson Ryder, Jr to Walt Whitman, 25 August 1865

  • Date: August 25, 1865
  • Creator(s): Anson Ryder, Jr
Text:

I presume there can be more costly ones got up in New York and other cities and perhaps better music

enough to eat and of that which is eatable give me Cedar Lake or any other Lake in preference to any city

Are you personally or were you rather acquainted with Henry Thoreau?

William Stewart to G. W. Brooks, 22 August 1865

  • Date: August 22, 1865
  • Creator(s): William Stewart | Walt Whitman
Text:

Brooks, Elizabeth City, North Carolina.

James Speed to Robert Murray, 9 August 1865

  • Date: August 9, 1865
  • Creator(s): James Speed | Walt Whitman
Text:

New York City.

James Speed to Charles A. Peabody, 8 August 1865

  • Date: August 8, 1865
  • Creator(s): James Speed | Walt Whitman
Text:

Louisiana New York City. Sir: Yours of July 4, tendering your resignation as U. S.

Your letter would have been more promptly answered, but for my absence from the city.

J. Hubley Ashton to Joseph Casey, 8 August 1865

  • Date: August 8, 1865
  • Creator(s): J. Hubley Ashton | Walt Whitman
Text:

Joseph Casey, Oil City, Venango co. Penn.

Louisa Van Velsor Whitman to Walt Whitman, 8 August [1865]

  • Date: August 8, 1865
  • Creator(s): Louisa Van Velsor Whitman
Annotations Text:

Their elder daughter Manahatta (1860–1886), nicknamed "Hattie," also attended George's military review

He later designed and constructed the Milwaukee Water Works and served there as city engineer.

For Lane's career, see "Moses Lane," Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers (February

Our Veterans Mustering Out

  • Date: 5 August 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Text:

Ray, a boss builder of this city.

Also known as the First Battle of Rappahannock Station, there were a couple of hundred casualties, and

It was fought between Grant and Lee; the results were inconclusive. fighting, and loss severe.

Grant and Meade fought Lee; the results were inconclusive. loss slight. May 26.

Grant and Meade fought Lee; the results were inconclusive. loss slight. June 2.

Annotations Text:

Also known as the First Battle of Rappahannock Station, there were a couple of hundred casualties, and

It was fought between Grant and Lee; the results were inconclusive.; In the Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse

Grant's Overland Campaign, Grant joined with Major General George Meade to fight Lee; the results were

Grant and Meade fought Lee; the results were inconclusive.; Whitman apparently refers here to the Battle

Grant and Meade fought Lee; the results were inconclusive.; The Battle of Bethesda Church was another

J. Hubley Ashton to Clarence A. Seward, 4 August 1865

  • Date: August 4, 1865
  • Creator(s): J. Hubley Ashton | Walt Whitman
Text:

pardon, under the 13th exception in the President's Proclamation, if the value of his taxable property were

J. Hubley Ashton to Andrew Johnson, 31 July 1865

  • Date: July 31, 1865
  • Creator(s): J. Hubley Ashton | Walt Whitman
Text:

parties except the six named by the Distric Attorney, seem to have been poor and ignorant men who were

whatever, but whose guilt consists simply in membership of an unlawful association into which they were

also, it would seem, have been in the hands of the military authorities,—and suffered, before they were

A. Van Rensellaer to Walt Whitman, 30 July 1865

  • Date: July 30, 1865
  • Creator(s): A. Van Rensellaer
Text:

Lincoln asked who you were, or something like that.

Lincoln didn't say anything but took a good long look till you were quite gone by.

Annotations Text:

Harlan apparently took offense at the copy of the 1860 Leaves of Grass which Whitman was revising and

Thomas Jefferson Whitman to Walt Whitman, 16 July 1865

  • Date: July 16, 1865
  • Creator(s): Thomas Jefferson Whitman
Annotations Text:

Harlan apparently took offense at the copy of the 1860 Leaves of Grass which Whitman was revising and

James Harlan to Walt Whitman, 30 June 1865

  • Date: June 30, 1865
  • Creator(s): James Harlan | Horace Traubel
Annotations Text:

Harlan apparently took offense at the copy of the 1860 Leaves of Grass which Whitman was revising and

Nicholas D. Palmer to Walt Whitman, 24 June 1865

  • Date: June 24, 1865
  • Creator(s): Nicholas D. Palmer
Text:

Leaving hard work out of the Books, and I have thought that were bigger fools than me making a living

What about Such houses as we were talking about and if it Should be made agreeable for me to take up

Annotations Text:

I am completely in the dark as to 'what such houses as we were talking about,' are—upon the whole not

Kate Richardson to Walt Whitman, 18 June 1865

  • Date: June 18, 1865
  • Creator(s): Kate Richardson | Nate Richardson
Text:

She told me you were often in the Hospital, and so today, after writing to her, I couldn't help keeping

Jesse Mullery to Walt Whitman, 11 June 1865

  • Date: June 11, 1865
  • Creator(s): Jesse Mullery
Annotations Text:

Probably these were the Misses Sallie and Carrie Howard listed in the 1866 Directory, or Miss Garaphelia

Walt Whitman to N. M. and John B. Pratt, 10 June 1865

  • Date: June 10, 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Text:

We are having very hot weather here, & it is dry & dusty—The City is alive with soldiers from both the

Walt Whitman to John Swinton (?), 9 June 1865

  • Date: June 9, 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Annotations Text:

Harlan apparently took offense at the copy of the 1860 Leaves of Grass which Whitman was revising and

Thomas Jefferson Whitman to Walt Whitman, 4 June 1865

  • Date: June 4, 1865
  • Creator(s): Thomas Jefferson Whitman
Text:

Did Lane explain to you that they were the children of the people that sent you money last winter a year

Annotations Text:

Moses Lane commented that these contributors were the only ones "thus far that will have to deny themselves

Louisa Van Velsor Whitman to Walt Whitman, 3 June [1865]

  • Date: June 3, 1865
  • Creator(s): Louisa Van Velsor Whitman
Text:

g or other all the time the old brown has gone away to work at Harrisburgh Harrisburg I wish they were

one to the little girls that got up the fair the proceeds of which they sent to you I heard there were

the other so it was to go round so I suppose you have written the much expetted expected letter they were

Jefferson davis poor mr Lincoln s being murderd murdered seem to be any thing to them compared with the American

Annotations Text:

, 1860 letter to Walt Whitman).

See Jeff's April 16, 1860 and March 3, 1863 letters to Walt.

The Graysons were Southern sympathizers with a son in the Confederate Army.

After a seven-week trial, all eight were found guilty on June 30, 1865; four were hanged on July 7, 1865

, one died in prison in 1867, and three were pardoned in 1869.

Milford C. Reed to Walt Whitman, 26 May 1865

  • Date: May 26, 1865
  • Creator(s): Milford C. Reed
Text:

I was in Washington the 2nd and I went to No 34 4 ½ Street and pawned my Watch a good American Lever,

Walt Whitman to Louisa Van Velsor Whitman, 25 May 1865

  • Date: May 25, 1865
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
Text:

perhaps a long while in passing, nothing but batteries—(it seemed as if all the cannon in the world were

George Washington Whitman to Louisa Van Velsor Whitman, 8 May 1865

  • Date: May 8, 1865
  • Creator(s): George Washington Whitman
Text:

is about 20 Rebel officers here (Paroled Prisoners) but they are used very different from what we were

, when we were in Rebeldom.

Thomas Jefferson Whitman to Walt Whitman, 4 May 1865

  • Date: May 4, 1865
  • Creator(s): Thomas Jefferson Whitman
Text:

Y., May 4th 1865 Dear Walt, We received your letter and [were] glad to get it too—We had all begun to

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