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50-51uva.00183xxx.00005xxx.00047xxx.00062[Once I passed through a populous]I am the child of Democracy1857

16 cm; The recto verses appearing on this manuscript became the main section 9 of Enfans d'Adam in 1860

and were retitled Once I Pass'd Through a Populous City in 1867.

[Once I passed through a populous]

or amusements or the costumes of young men, can long elude the jealous and passionate instinct of American

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

2Notebooks, 1860-1861loc.00029xxx.00131Notebook, 1860-18611860-1861prosepoetryhandwritten61 leaves; An

relates to poems ultimately titled Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking, By Blue Ontario's Shore, The City

Some of the trial verses in this notebook were published posthumously as [I Stand and Look], Ship of

Notebook, 1860-1861

The manuscript is written on the blank side of an 1850s tax form from the City of Williamsburgh.

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

that in theBetween 1854 and 1888prosehandwritten1 leaf; This manuscript is written on the back of a City

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

pasted over some lines in the top-left corner of the larger piece, from the top of which other lines were

The verses became section 18 of Calamus in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass; the poem was permanently

titled City of Orgies in 1867.

City of my walks and joys

27EuropeBetween 1850 and 1856prosepoetry1 leafhandwritten; A list of European rivers, lakes, and cities

, many of which were included in Poem of Salutation in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass.

In the 1860 edition of Leaves, and in all subsequent editions, the poem was titled Salut Au Monde!

The first several lines of Pictures (not including this line) were revised and published as My Picture-Gallery

in The American in October 1880.

This manuscript may relate to the poem titled A Song of Joys, which first appeared in the 1860 Leaves

(1860, p. 259).

relationship with the lines on another manuscript in the University of Virginia collection, which were

revised to form part of section 14 of Chants Democratic in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass, a set

American air I have breathed

.00045Merely What I tell isBetween 1850 and 1860poetryhandwritten1 leaf4 x 15 cm; These manuscript lines were

resemblance to ideas expressed in the opening lines of poem #14 of Chants Democratic and Native American

, which first appeared in the 1860 Leaves of Grass.

These pages were transformed into section 13 of Chants Democratic in the 1860 Leaves of Grass.

American Laws

Literature1850s or 1860sprosehandwritten1 leaf; Whitman's heading indicates that these brief notes were

oratory and goal of becoming a lecturer in the 1850s, though he also maintained these interests in the 1860s

June 9, 1863: "I think something of commencing a series of lectures & readings &c. through different cities

149uva.00292xxx.00112xxx.00085A City WalkAbout 1855poetryhandwritten1 leaf4.5 x 12 cm; A faint horizontal

line beneath part of "A City Walk," along with the words' capitalization and central position on the

18 in his Blue Book revisions of the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

This title was changed in the Blue Book to City of orgies, walks and joys and finally became City of

The poem was retitled Crossing Brooklyn Ferry in 1860. A City Walk

See Holloway, A Whitman Manuscript, American Mercury 3 (December 1924), 475–480. See also Andrew C.

One passage seems to have contributed to the 1860–1861 poem that Whitman later titled Our Old Feuillage

The first several lines of that poem (not including the line in question) were revised and published

as My Picture-Gallery in The American in October 1880 and then in Leaves of Grass as part of the Autumn

tractsBetween 1854 and 1860prosehandwritten2 leaves; The first manuscript leaf is written on the back of a City

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

difficult to date conclusively, but it was almost certainly written after 1854 and probably before 1860

numbers) in the lower-left corner of each page; his partly erased pencil note "(finished in/ the other city

removed the lower section of page 2 from the top of current leaf 1:3:33 ("I dreamed in a dream of a/ city

This poem, the eighth in the sequence Live Oak, with Moss, became section 9 of Calamus in 1860.

The first page contains what would become verses 1-3 in 1860, and the second ("Hours discouraged, distracted

The group first appeared in print in the 1860 Leaves of Grass with this poem as section 1.

On the reverse of the leaf (uva.00023) are verses that became section 18 of Calamus in the 1860 edition

of Leaves of Grass; the poem was permanently titled City of Orgies in 1867.

1872prose6 leaveshandwritten; This manuscript touches on the developing "distinctive metropolitan American

Character" of Washington, including the city's status as a literary center.

Portions of this manuscript were used in Washington as a Central Winter Residence and Authors of Washington

On the verso, in blue pencil, appears a note, reading "Drum Taps—City of Ships" which appears to be in

This may indeed have been a draft of the poem City of Ships, which first appeared in 1865 as part of

of references to the Civil War indicate that it was inscribed prior to the publication of the the 1860

The poem was first titled Poem of Walt Whitman, an American in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened

the title to Walt Whitman in 1860–1861.

and by, above, and My tongue can never be content with harness, below, make a connection with the 1860

1860prosehandwritten1 leaf; Edward Grier suggests that this manuscript was probably written prior to 1860

sentiment between it and the initial line of No. 4 of the Thoughts cluster published first in the 1860

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American

or clusters of poems, including "The States," "Prairies," "Prairie Spaces," "Prairie Babes," and "American

the late 1850s, it's possible that this last title is related to the Chants Democratic and Native American

cluster in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

prose piece that appears to represent an early draft of "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860

The poem was first titled, Poem of Walt Whitman, an American, in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened

the title to Walt Whitman in 1860–1861.

In the 1860–1861 edition the phrase also appears in the poem To a Cantatrice (eventually titled To a

War, and was frequently used by Whitman (see Clarence Gohdes, Whitman and the 'Good Old Cause,' American

Edward Grier notes that this manuscript likely was written prior to 1860 (Notebooks and Unpublished Prose

writers (see Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 5:1860

The text Whitman quotes comes from the Westminster Review, American Edition, LI, (July 1849): 186 (see

Stovall, Notes on Whitman's Reading, American Literature 26, no. 3, [November 1954]: 361).

Ownershipabout 1860poetry1 leafhandwritten; This manuscript was probably composed in the late 1850s or in 1860

as Whitman was preparing the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

It is a draft of No. 4 of the Thoughts cluster published first in the 1860 edition.

1881–1882 edition, the second line returned as Thought [Of Equality]; and the third and fourth lines were

as Poet and Person.1886prose13 leaveshandwritten; Fair copy prepared for publication in the North American

The first page of this manuscript bears a note written by James Redpath, the editor of the North American

because the leaves have been mounted and bound in a volume that also includes a frontispiece from the 1860

leafhandwritten; A small scrap of prose that would make its way into a footnote for Carlyle From American

Although Edward Grier states that the handwriting on the scrap indicates a date in the 1860s, the essay

seem to meabout 1860poetryhandwritten1 leaf13 cm x 11.5 cm; This manuscript is a draft of lines that were

published in Chants Democratic, number 13, in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

however, the lines on this manuscript are a draft of the section of the poem that was deleted after the 1860

If it was the 1860 edition, as his style of inscription here appears to indicate, it is possible that

this leaf could represent an early stage of the poem that would eventually become City of Orgies, 1867

for A Girl or A Boy of These States, which became the sixth poem in Chants Democratic and Native American

in 1860.

and 1860poetryhandwritten1 leaf4 x 14.5 cm; This manuscript was probably written between 1850 and 1860

The lines were used in the poem To One Shortly to Die, first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves

[Of these years I sing...] and to Apostroph, the opening section of Chants Democratic and Native American

Both poems first appeared in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass.

; This manuscript is an early draft of a portion of the opening poem of the Calamus cluster in the 1860

or clusters of poems, including "The States," "Prairies," "Prairie Spaces," "Prairie Babes," and "American

Walt Whitman's law] in the composition process, correspond, like [Of Biography], to section 13 of the 1860

version of the poem Chants Democratic and Native American which was revised and permanently retitled

leaf; This manuscript contains notes for a proposed poem offering a vision of the future of the American

This estimate is in line with that of Edward Grier, who dates the manuscript to "before 1860" (Notebooks

28Our Old Feuillage (1860).

Feuillagebetween 1876-1881poetryhandwritten6 leaves20.5 x 12.5 cm; A bound copy of six leaves (the poem American

It became section 4 of Chants Democratic in 1860.

In 1867 Whitman ungrouped it and retitled the poem American Feuillage, a name it kept until being permanently

1Untitled and UnidentifiedUndated, on the American Idiomloc.05619xxx.00047his poem of theBetween 1850

The poem originally appeared as the first poem in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass, titled Proto-leaf

1859poetryhandwritten1 leaf20 x 16 cm pasted to 11 x 16 cm; After undergoing extensive revisions, in 1860

1858, under the working title Slavery—the Slaveholders—/ —The Constitution—the true America and Americans

In the 1856 edition it was titled Poem of Walt Whitman, an American, and Whitman shortened the title

to Walt Whitman in 1860–1861.

nyp.00514xxx.00524[The best of the two Introductions]1860–1865prose8 leaveshandwritten; One of a series

of draft introductions Whitman prepared for Leaves of Grass, but which were never printed during Whitman's

until collected by Clifton Joseph Furness in Walt Whitman's Workshop (1928), portions of this draft were

nyp.00513xxx.00524[Dec 23, 1864 good—& must be used]1860–1864prose8 leaveshandwritten; One of a series

of draft introductions Whitman prepared for Leaves of Grass, but which were never printed during Whitman's

until collected by Clifton Joseph Furness in Walt Whitman's Workshop (1928), portions of this draft were

The poems were apparently never further developed and were never published.

Based on this date it can be speculated that the notes were written late in 1875 (a possibility corroborated

by the list of names), but the poem(s) may have been inscribed in the late 1860s or earlier.

The lines on the first leaf became verses 1-5 of section 8 of Calamus in 1860; the second leaf's lines

There were no further appearances of this poem during the poet's lifetime, Whitman having canceled it

in his Blue Book Copy of the 1860 Leaves.

and 1860poetryhandwritten1 leaf8 x 15.5 cm; This manuscript was probably written between 1850 and 1860

The lines are similar in subject to lines in the poem To One Shortly To Die, first published in the 1860

Fragmentary lines written on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00561) were used in the poem eventually

.00419xxx.00413Says1857-1859poetryhandwritten1 leaf21 x 12.5 cm to 21.5 x 13 cm; These manuscript lines were

revised to form numbered section 7 of the ungrouped poem Says in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass

The cancelled lines on the top section of the manuscript appear to be a draft of lines that were never

Grass, in addition to a few images and phrasings that Whitman used in the second (1856) and third (1860

A brief passage on surface 12 possibly contributed to the poem first published in 1860 as the fourth

Two passages on surface 21 were used in the tenth poem of the 1855 Leaves of Grass, later titled There

Two of the draft lines of poetry on surface 31 were used in the untitled third poem of the Debris cluster

in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

Lines from this manuscript were revised and used in A Song of Joys, which first appeared in the 1860

The pasted-on manuscript scraps were originally part of the notebook "women" (loc.05589), which probably

dates from about 1854 to about 1860.

Both manuscript scraps were probably written shortly before or early in 1855, though the notes on the