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unknown be- fore before , Subtler than ever, more harmony, as if born here, related here, Not to the city's

all to the front, Invisibly with thee walking with kings with even pace the round world's promenade, Were

The publishers were capital fellows.

I like the city itself exceedingly, and I think it will in a short time become a cosmopolitan city such

I cannot class it with other cities, and you must not compel me to talk about it.

No copies w orth me ntioning were sold of any issue.

"You have eliminated, then, none of the lines which were deemed objectionable?"

—Whenever I reach this city I always cross the ferry to Camden, for a visit to Philadelphia without seeing

The fourth and fifth editions of the war period were likewise failures.

The Osgoods owed Whitman $500 when his poems were suppressed.

and other great imaginative results will be produced in the United States as becoming to them, as were

Like a font of type, poetry must be set up over again consistent with American, modern and democratic

So konnte er denn auch etwa an den Schluß der dritten Auflage von 1860 bereits das Gedicht „Lebwohl“

Die dritte, Bostoner Ausgabe der „Grashalme“ von 1860 war in etwa fünftausend Exemplaren verkauft und

Es wurde, abgesehen von der Ausgabe von 1860, die erste äußerlich würdige Ausgabe seines Werkes.

Die Frauen des Westens Kansas City.

Worauf wir weggingen und ein gutes Mittagessen im „American House“ einnahmen.

Die zweite ebenfalls im Selbstverlag, New York 1856. 1860 folgte die 3.

Träger heranzukommen, Das Echo, das durch das leere Gebäude schallt; Das riesige Lagerhaus, das in der City

–61 edition of Leaves of Grass. although the book was published in 1860, Whitman dated it “1860–61” so

________ ( 30 ) IX I dreamed in a dream of a city where all the men were like brothers, o I saw them

They were also taken at a time when greater public re- straints were being placed on the popularand primarily

to city, and land to land across the 46 universe.

“Whitman and the Gay american ethos.”

Buinicki University of iowa Press iowa city University of Iowa Press, Iowa City 52242 Copyright © 2011

While unity, adhesion, and the bonds that link Americans were themes of Whitman’s poetry before and after

Altogether there were more than thirty peri- odicals which were quoted at 100,000 circulation or over

Whitman’s poetic machinery,” arguing, “Whitman’s memories of the war were also convulsive: they were

It is likely that Whitman and his mother were hearing as many tales of defeat as they were of victory

from Persian mysticism to nineteenth-century phrenological journals, the influences on Whitman's work were

English Writers Philadelphia Grigg and Elliot's 1841 1862-1888 New York City Volume now held in Library

loc.03428 Underlines and manicules The Vanity and the Glory of Literature The Edinburgh Review, American

These accompany Whitman's notes on ancient European and Asian populations.

History of the American Revolution Berrian, William An Historical Sketch of Trinity Church, N.Y.

A cable dispatch printed yesterday in an evening paper announced that Walt Whitman, the American poet

"If we were not in the midst of the holiday trade," he said, "I would jump on the next train for Philadelphia

An autograph letter of Walt's was sold in this city last Spring for $80 to my knowledge."

reporter regarding the paragraph which appeared in this morning's papers, stating that subscriptions were

cultivated of Whitman's compatriots should be won over by his gorgeous anticipations of the "fruitage" of American

Wilson and McCormick is apparently printed from the same plates as the American edition, but upon better

at any rate, a very familiar idea to be found; but we have to confess that after careful reading we were

ye were, in your atmospheres, grown not for America, but rather for her foes, the feudal and the old—while

Unless, too, the reader possesses considerable familiarity with American slang, he will frequently be

when the Red Birds and Yellow Birds, the Knickerbocker and Fourth avenue and the old Broadway lines were

Dowden, for instance, associates him with Shakespeare, and a recent commentator of American literature

It contains many of those brief, sketchily written notes on nature which were, it is apparent, jotted

of our Western world; and it includes, above all, those widely discussed prefaces, touching upon American

poetry to-day, and especially upon the future of American poetry, as this is viewed by Whitman.

, upon four American poets—Bryant, Longfellow, Whittier, and Emerson.

.; The American poet and critic Richard Henry Stoddard (1825-1903) was part of a circle of genteel writers

while he was still in his teens are so melodramatic and unreal, that they would be unworthy of notice were

You and Me and To-Day," New-York Saturday Press 14 January 1860, 2.

"Chants Democratic 7," Leaves of Grass (1860); "With Antecedents," Leaves of Grass (1867)."

Poemet [Of him I love day and night]," New-York Saturday Press 28 January 1860, 2.

Poemet [That shadow, my likeness]," New-York Saturday Press 4 February 1860, 2.

Leaves," New-York Saturday Press 11 February 1860, 2. 1.

America, and along the shores of the great lakes, and all over the prairies; I will make inseparable cities

time; privileged to evoke, in a country hitherto still asking for its poet, a fresh, athletic, and American

the English language is spoken—that is to say, in the four corners of the earth; and in his own American

.; This poem later appeared as "A Word Out of the Sea," Leaves of Grass (1860); as "Out of the Cradle

," Leaves of Grass (1881–82).; This poem later appeared as "Chants Democratic 7," Leaves of Grass (1860

India," Leaves of Grass (1871-72).; This poem later appeared as "Calamus No. 40," Leaves of Grass (1860

Early in the Morning," Leaves of Grass (1867).; Revised as "Leaves of Grass. 1" in Leaves of Grass (1860

in Leaves of Grass (1881–82).; Revised as "A Broadway Pageant (Reception Japanese Embassy, June 16, 1860

of West Hills, Long Island, in the state of New York, somewhere about thirty miles from the great American

If I were to suspect death I should die now: Do you think I could walk pleasantly and well suited to-

At the City Dead House in his "Leaves of Grass," we see him standing—gazing—yearning, in tenderest pity

youth, and through middle and through old age, how unfaltering, how affectionate and faithful they were

And, as it has been with those, so it is now and henceforth with this true American Poet Walt Whitman

Pierre-Jean de Béranger (1780-1857) was a popular and influential French poet and songwriter whose lyrics were

reference to holly alludes to Burns's poem, "The Vision" (1786): "Green, slender, leaf-clad holly boughs/Were

Is he American? Is he new? Is he rousing? Does he feel, and make me feel?"

That he is American in one sense we must admit.

He is American as certain forms of rowdyism and vulgarity, excrescences on American institutions, are

American.

But that he is American in the sense of being representative of American taste, intellect, or cultivation

of Walt Whitman, who, some will have it, is by preeminence of art and nature our representative American

deepest ethical instincts of a great multitude—we should certainly hope the vast majority of those American

Would it were as clean! In form he reminds us of Martin Farquhar Tupper.

Yet the prevalent tone of his verses is curiously Asiatic, as though he were an incarnation of Brahma

and were not.

Having got at his secret, you soon learn to take stock of the American bard.

When we reflect that, among the American poets thus slightingly waived aside, were, to mention no others

In his ideal city "the men and women think lightly of the laws."

Fiske," was a leading American actress of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.

Tammany Hall is famous as the democratic machine in New York city politics.

Both painters were denounced by John Ruskin in similar terms in Modern Painters, The Complete Works of

1813–1873) was a Scottish explorer of Africa, and Paul Belloni Du Chaillu (1835—1903) was a French-American

Fiske," was a leading American actress of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.

Tammany Hall is famous as the democratic machine in New York city politics.

oceans and murky whirls, appear the central resolution and sternness of the bulk or the average American

the latent personal character and eligibilities of these States, in the two or three millions of Americans

one-fourth of their number, stricken by wounds or disease at some time in the course of the contest—were

and enlarged edition of W ALT W HITMAN 's "Leaves of Grass," they did the best thing possible for American

literature, and performed an act of justice towards the most thoroughly original of American bards.

immature and casual reader we would gladly obliterate, yet as a sign of the time when a distinctively American

splendid protest against the fine spun and sickly effeminacy of the A MANDA M ATILDA poetry of the American

What we especially admire in him is his stout, tough Americanism, his faith in his country, its government

tribute to Lincoln (not so tender as the really rhythmic verses "My Captain"), are things for young Americans

It is like the sound of the wind or the sea, a fitting measure for the first distinctive American bard

who speaks for our large-scaled nature, for the red men who are gone, for our vigorous young population

careless or hap-hazard, anymore than Niagara, the Mississippi, the prairies, or the great Western cities

. ∗ ∗ ∗ The successive growth-stages of my infancy, childhood, youth and manhood were all pass'd on Long

He has visited Boston and the principal cities in Canada and in the West.

The hospital notes are printed in the slovenly shape in which they were written in his diary.

in his assertion of it he has imitated the owner of a forest who assured a lumberman that his trees were

Freeman to use in his essay on the peculiarities of American speech.

He ought to winter in some pleasant Southern city where he could sit by open windows.

he is a native and resident of Brooklyn, Long Island, born and bred in an obscurity from which it were

His Leaves of Grass were a revelation from the Kingdom of Nature.

If there were any relief to the unmeaning monotony, some glimpse of fine fancy, some oasis of sense,

-1874) was an American writer and actress who contributed a lively column for the Saturday Press from

The comedic works of François Rabelais (c. 1490-1553) were known for their risqué quality.

-1874) was an American writer and actress who contributed a lively column for the Saturday Press from

1859-1864.; The comedic works of François Rabelais (c. 1490-1553) were known for their risqué quality

admirer might even say that the book called Leaves of Grass was intended to give a section, as it were

It is not an English word, nor is it Americanized, according to the standard dictionaries; yet Mr.

Whitman has made it good American, so far as in his power lies, and stamped it with more than ordinary

about Carlyle and Emerson was too recently published (in these pages) to need present notice, and so were

'The Poetry of the Future' and 'A Memorandum at a Venture' (in The North American ).

poem and this volume of essays and notes form in themselves a literary inter-state exhibition or American

It if were possible to see the genius of a great people throwing itself now into this form, now into

Two handsome cats were purring contentedly about the ankles of the benign old man, and did not seem to

cablegram containing a reference to his needy condition and the circular alleged to be circulating England were

one can hope to understand from his book, or in any way except to go off tramping with him through cities

Jean-Jacques Rousseau's (1712-1778) (1782) were probably regarded as "coarse" because of Rousseau's candor

.; Jean-Jacques Rousseau's (1712-1778) Confessions (1782) were probably regarded as "coarse" because

These lines were eventually revised to form section 13 of the 1860 version of the poem Chants Democratic

It is a matter of no little significance that here has appeared in American literature a man who has

absurd delusion that the inhabitants of London, Paris, Berlin, and Rome, and the lands which these cities

In 1876 Robert Buchanan, the Scotch poet, published an appeal "eulogizing and defending the American

A Danish critic has said in a Copenhagen magazine: "It may be candidly admitted that the American poet

But, although he calls them the "most precious bequest to current American civilization from all the

neat form, Walt Whitman's ridiculous rigmarole, by an extreme stretch of critical courtesy called " American

If it were only decent prose we might stand it; but it does not rise to the dignity of a dessertation

While the words "Walt Whitman's American Institute Poem" appear on both the volume's cover and one of

Whitman wrote the poem following a request by the Committee on Invitations of the American Institute

While the words "Walt Whitman's American Institute Poem" appear on both the volume's cover and one of

Whitman wrote the poem following a request by the Committee on Invitations of the American Institute

Hearing of the arrival of "the good Gray Poet" in the city, on a short week's visit, a T RIBUNE man was

At the American House, where Mr.

"I have lived in or visited all the great cities on the Atlantic third of the Republic—Boston, Brooklyn

this very Denver, if it might be so, I should like to cast my lot, above all other spots, all other cities

Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University; gaps were filled by reference to a digital

Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University; gaps were filled by reference to a digital

Copyright, 1890, by American Press Association.]

"Give my regards to all the boys in New York city, and don't forget it."

Engraving of Whitman, apparently based on photograph #60, taken by Napoleon Sarony in 1878 in New York City

at the dingy windows; but more than all it needs condemnation and destruction at the hands of the city

depreciation; a simple proud humility in the acknowledgment of pleasure that his printed thoughts were

For if those pre-successes were all—if they ended at that—if nothing more were yielded than so far appears—a

gross materialistic prosperity only—America, tried by subtlest tests, were a failure—has not advanced

Both the cash and the emotional cheer were deep medicines; many paid double or treble price.

printer, carpenter, author, and journalist, domiciled in nearly all the United States and principal cities

of that time, tending the Northern and Southern wounded alike—work'd down South and in Washington city

Lancaster Intelligencer Lancaster City, PA April 7, 1863 [1] W.

Ukiah City Press Ukiah City, CA February 14, 1879 [6] [Unsigned] Wild Frank's Return The Cambria Freeman

The Salt Lake City Weekly Tribune Salt Lake City, UT October 27, 1892 8 [Unsigned] Her Offerings The

Free Press Osage City, KS December 15, 1892 3?

Whig Yazoo City, MS May 30, 1845 [1] W.

The Delaware, broader than the East River, flows between the two cities.

know that in England and abroad you are regarded as one of the greatest, if not most true of all American

This was the last public appearance of Walt Whitman, and there were thirty-three persons present, the

Donaldson— If I understand what you have done, it is to make a plea for America and the Americans—it

some years in Washington, and have visited, and partially lived, in most of the Western and Eastern cities

that certain features of that are not introduced in this; for we are compelled to confess that there were

And it was somewhat amusing, too, to discover certain little myths which were afloat from bed to bed

becomes a question how such a book can have acquired a vogue and popularity that could induce an American

will in reputation dearly pay for the fervid encomium with which he introduced the Author to the American

described by the following equation,—as Tupper is to English Humdrum, so is Walt Whitman to the American

Westminster Review 74 n.s. 18 (October 1860), 590. "Man is god to himself" Walt.

Westminster Review 74 n.s. 18 (October 1860), 590.; "Man is god to himself"

Hugo's protest against the disapprobation of those French critics whose conventional imaginations were

very much disturbed by the astonishing leaps through time and space that were made by this untrammelled

"I assert that all fast days were what they must have been, And that they could no-how have been better

than what they were, And that to-day is what it must be, and that America is, And that to-day and America

In his volume all the objectionable passages which were the cause of so much complaint at the time of

range and diversity—always the continent of Democracy; Always the prairies, pastures, forests, vast cities

Their eulogies, however, were rather on the thoughts and sentiments of the author than praise of his

Milton and Goethe, at their desks, were not more truly poets than Phidias with his chisel, Raphael at

Phidias and Raphael and Beethoven were judged in accordance with the merits of what they produced.

Walt Whitman's Caution, a poem first appearing as one of the Messenger Leaves in Leaves of Grass (1860

To t T he States, or any one of them, or any city of The States, Resist much , Obey little, Once unquestioning

obedience, once fully enslaved, Once fully enslaved, no nation, race, city, of this earth, ever afterward

"Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition of

manuscript was likely composed in the years immediately preceding the poem's first publication in 1860

"Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition of

manuscript was likely composed in the years immediately preceding the poem's first publication in 1860

.; "Walt Whitman's Caution" was first published as one of the "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 edition

TO The States, or any one of them, or any city of The States, Resist much, obey little; Once unquestioning

obedience, once fully enslaved; Once fully enslaved, no nation, state, city, of this earth, ever afterward

TO The States, or any one of them, or any city of The States, Resist much, obey little, Once unquestioning

obedience, once fully enslaved, Once fully enslaved, no nation, state, city, of this earth, ever afterward

TO The States, or any one of them, or any city of The States, Resist much, obey little; Once unquestioning

obedience, once fully enslaved; Once fully enslaved, no nation, state, city, of this earth, ever afterward

say that "November Boughs" (Philadelphia: David McKay) is an important permanent contribution to American

Take, for example, this epigram on "The Bravest Soldiers:" "Brave, brave were the soldiers (high-named

He published many volumes of poems and was an indefatigable compiler of anthologies, among which were

(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1885) and A Library of American Literature from the Earliest Settlement to

For more information about McKay, see Joel Myerson, " McKay, David (1860–1918) Walt Whitman's Book

" presumably Lincoln's first campaign song, and served as correspondent of the New York World from 1860

He published many volumes of poems and was an indefatigable compiler of anthologies, among which were

(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1885) and A Library of American Literature from the Earliest Settlement to

Kummings (New York: Garland Publishing, 1998).; David McKay (1860–1918) took over Philadelphia-based

For more information about McKay, see Joel Myerson, "McKay, David (1860–1918)," Walt Whitman: An Encyclopedia