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tuition, or amusements, can much longer permanently elude the jealous and passionate instinct of American

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

or amusements or the costumes of young men, can long elude the jealous and passionate instinct of American

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts"

The interior American republic shall also be declared free and independent. . . .

Where is the vehement growth of our cities?

Where is the spirit of the strong rich life of the American mechanic, farmer, sailor, hunter, and miner

of the Mississippi, scarcely any thing exists The first manuscript leaf is written on the back of a City

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

difficult to date conclusively, but it was almost certainly written after 1854 and probably before 1860

The first manuscript leaf is written on the back of a City of Williamsburgh tax form, filled out and

Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860

The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have

been obsolete after that date (Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of

difficult to date conclusively, but it was almost certainly written after 1854 and probably before 1860

These bits were written for the Brooklyn Newspapers, Times, Eagle Star etc— Alfred F Goldsmith—June 17

These bits were written for the Brooklyn Newspapers, Times, Eagle Star etc— Alfred F Goldsmith—June 17

It is unclear whether Whitman was simply paraphrasing Hunter's translation, or whether both stories were

It is unclear whether Whitman was simply paraphrasing Hunter's translation, or whether both stories were

Versions of these cancelled and fragmentary lines were used in the first poem in that edition, eventually

Versions of these cancelled and fragmentary lines were used in the first poem in that edition, eventually

The cancelled lines on the back of this manuscript leaf were used in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass

.; The cancelled lines on the back of this manuscript leaf were used in the 1855 edition of Leaves of

cellar l recess c tent f dungeon f pillory f kennel f citadel, a place of defence defense in or near a city

conveniences — and possessed Every one of these officers should be possessed with the genuine eternal American

—The right sort of men will exemplify them just as well here directly at our doors or in our City Hall

Joel Myerson (New York: Garland, 1993), 2:522-523; Major American Authors on CD-Rom: Walt Whitman (Westport

Joel Myerson (New York: Garland, 1993), 2:522-523; Major American Authors on CD-Rom: Walt Whitman (Westport

It seems he also considered giving that title to the cluster of poems in the 1860 edition that was eventually

of the Poet's Manuscripts, vol. 1, part 2, Garland Publishing, 1993; Primary Source Media's Major American

It seems he also considered giving that title to the cluster of poems in the 1860 edition that was eventually

of the Poet's Manuscripts, vol. 1, part 2, Garland Publishing, 1993; Primary Source Media's Major American

After changing my boarding house, Jef. and I were, take it altogether, pretty comfortable.

The arrangements of the office were in this wise: I generally went about my work about 9 o'clock, overhauling

Reeder, (an amiable-hearted young man, but excessively intemperate) was the "city news" man; (poor Reeder

to speculate on the circumstances or date of its composition, but it seems likely that parts of it were

Emory Holloway (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921), 2:77–78. 1848 New Orleans

to speculate on the circumstances or date of its composition, but it seems likely that parts of it were

Emory Holloway (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921), 2:77–78.

that of the early editions of Leaves of Grass, so it is possible that it was written in the 1850s or 1860s

that of the early editions of Leaves of Grass, so it is possible that it was written in the 1850s or 1860s

Lines from this manuscript were used in the preface to the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass.

Lines from this manuscript were used in the preface to the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass.

composition, but it was probably written before or early in 1855.; Sentences from this manuscript were

.— I remember at an evening party once at an up-town palace, we were with great caution .

from their meanings—sometimes a great mistake is perpetuated in a word, (as the term calling the American

oratory and goal of becoming a lecturer in the 1850s, though he also maintained these interests in the 1860s

June 9, 1863: "I think something of commencing a series of lectures & readings &c. through different cities

oratory and goal of becoming a lecturer in the 1850s, though he also maintained these interests in the 1860s

June 9, 1863: "I think something of commencing a series of lectures & readings &c. through different cities

The genuine miracles of Christ were such miracles as can always be produced.

and limitless floods," was used, slightly revised, in "A Song of Joys," which first appeared in the 1860

and limitless floods," was used, slightly revised, in "A Song of Joys," which first appeared in the 1860

and limitless floods," was used, slightly revised, in "A Song of Joys," which first appeared in the 1860

In the 1860 edition, the line reads, "O the joy of that vast elemental sympathy which only the human

freedom of our own personal flesh, on our own sovereign, s independent soil, and assure us as if there were

The last two phrases of this manuscript appeared in "Poem of Joys" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass

speculate on the circumstances or date of its composition, but it was probably written between 1850 and 1860

The last two phrases of this manuscript appeared in "Poem of Joys" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass

speculate on the circumstances or date of its composition, but it was probably written between 1850 and 1860

.; The last two phrases of this manuscript were used in the "Poem of Joys," first published in the 1860

Literature it is certain would be fuller of vigor and sanity if authors were in the habit of composing

Describing the death of nine seven brothers and their parents——who can say that those who were least

Or that those were luckiest who made the most wealth, and lived the longest stretch of mortality?

On the back of this leaf are poetic lines that were used in revised form in the 1855 edition of Leaves

.; On the back of this leaf are poetic lines that were used in revised form in the 1855 edition of Leaves

, crotch and f Several words from this manuscript ("loveroot," "silkthread," "crotch," and "vine") were

Several words from this manuscript ("loveroot," "silkthread," "crotch," and "vine") were used in the

similar to a line from the poem called "Bunch Poem" in 1856, titled "5." in the Enfans d'Adam cluster of 1860

"The Two Vaults," a poem that is recorded in a New York notebook that probably dates to the early 1860s

A note about an editorial on "American Expansion and Settlement Inland" is written on the back of this

"The Two Vaults," a poem that is recorded in a New York notebook that probably dates to the early 1860s

Notebook (1861–1862).; Transcribed from digital images of the original.; A note about an editorial on "American

.— These lines were probably drafted as part of the poem published as "The Mississippi at Midnight" on

March 6, 1848, in the New Orleans Daily Crescent, though they were not included in the published version

These lines were probably drafted as part of the poem published as "The Mississippi at Midnight" on March

6, 1848, in the New Orleans Daily Crescent, though they were not included in the published version of

left for New Orleans in February, 1848, so this manuscript was written after that date.; This lines were

I do not expect to dispel the I say that if once the conventional distinctions were dis-pelled from our

1993), Elisa New attributes the manuscript to "the period when the first drafts of Leaves of Grass were

1993), Elisa New attributes the manuscript to "the period when the first drafts of Leaves of Grass were

lines are connected to what would become section 3 of "Song of Myself": "I have heard what the talkers were

The first several lines of the notebook draft were revised and published as "My Picture-Gallery" in The

American in October 1880.

Gibson, an American adventurer (Walt Whitman, Selected Poems, 1855–1892, ed.

Martin's Griffin, 1999], 488; Walt Whitman and the Class Struggle [Iowa City: University of Iowa Press

Gibson, an American adventurer (Walt Whitman, Selected Poems, 1855–1892, ed.

Martin's Griffin, 1999], 488; Walt Whitman and the Class Struggle [Iowa City: University of Iowa Press

—These truths lie at the are the foundation of American politics: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript

consistent with the free spirit of this age, and with the American truths of politics?

and the phrase about "the buckwheat" from this manuscript appear in the poem as well, although they were

and the phrase about "the buckwheat" from this manuscript appear in the poem as well, although they were

Father," which was first published in Drum-Taps in 1865: "Smell you the buckwheat, where the bees were

begun never tires Most works of art tire This draft fragment includes phrases and poetic lines that were

This draft fragment includes phrases and poetic lines that were revised and used in different editions

44 Did you hear of the Hear now I can tell of the long besieged city ?

suggests that "this sort of moralizing . . . belongs to [Whitman's] journalizing of the 1840s through the 1860s

suggests that "this sort of moralizing . . . belongs to [Whitman's] journalizing of the 1840s through the 1860s

cold—as the soiledness of animals and the bareness of vegetables and minerals No more than these th were

possibility that Whitman drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s, as he was composing the poems that were

possibility that Whitman drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s, as he was composing the poems that were

As if it were anything to analyze fluids and call certain parts oxygen or hydrogen, or to map out stars

As if it were anything to analyze fluids and call certain parts oxygen or hydrogen, or to map out stars

Heard the Learn'd Astronomer," first published in Drum-Taps in 1865: "When the proofs, the figures, were

rivers, forests , —all are Not distant caverns, volcanoes, cataracts, curious islands, birds, foreign cities

However, those portions of the manuscript have not been found and there is no evidence that they were

However, those portions of the manuscript have not been found and there is no evidence that they were

Language in the manuscript is also similar to language that appears in the poem "Poem of Joys" (1860)

Language in the manuscript is also similar to language that appears in the poem "Poem of Joys" (1860)

The first several lines of "Pictures" (not including this line) were revised and published as "My Picture-Gallery

" in The American in October 1880.

46).; This manuscript may relate to the poem titled "A Song of Joys," which first appeared in the 1860

(1860, p. 259).

rowing—the greatest persons come—the president comes and the governors come—political economy —the American

On the back of this leaf are draft lines that were used in the third poem in the first (1855) edition

.; On the back of this leaf are draft lines that were used in the third poem in the first (1855) edition

is written with the hanging indentation characteristic of Whitman's poetry, it is unclear if these were

contributed to this piece of journalism or not, it seems likely that it was composed in the 1850s or 1860s

is written with the hanging indentation characteristic of Whitman's poetry, it is unclear if these were

contributed to this piece of journalism or not, it seems likely that it was composed in the 1850s or 1860s

Are the American aborigines and the neg a z Z ambo or a foreheadless c C rowfoot or Comanche Camanche

It became "Burial Poem" in 1856, "Burial" in 1860 and 1867, and took its final title, "To Think of Time

War, and was frequently used by Whitman (see Clarence Gohdes, "Whitman and the 'Good Old Cause,'" American

Notes and Fragments (1899), Edward Grier suggests that this manuscript likely was written prior to 1860

War, and was frequently used by Whitman (see Clarence Gohdes, "Whitman and the 'Good Old Cause,'" American

Notes and Fragments (1899), Edward Grier suggests that this manuscript likely was written prior to 1860

dreams, Nothing happens, or ever has happened, or ever can happen, but the vital laws are enough, None were

or will be hurried—none were or will be retarded; A vast clear scheme—each learner learning it for himself

Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf, from

.; Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf,

The first lines of the notebook poem were revised and published as "My Picture-Gallery" in The American

Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf, from

"; Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf,

most selfish interests of a few, and The offices great city are not principally created for as to be

—They are part of the organic motion of the city, for the life and health of it from head to foot.— WW

WW After all has been is said, however, it the work of establishing and raising the character of cities

Transcribed from digital images of the original that were posted to Sotheby's website.

.; Transcribed from digital images of the original that were posted to Sotheby's website.; Poetic lines

Transcribed from digital images of the original that were posted to Sotheby's website.

.; ✓; Transcribed from digital images of the original that were posted to Sotheby's website.; On the

1 American literature must become distinct from all others.

—American writers of must become national, idiomatic, free from the genteel laws— America herself appears

ideas in this manuscript came from an article entitled "Thoughts on Reading" that appeared in the American

Whig Review in May 1845 ("Notes on Whitman's Reading," American Literature 26.3 [November 1954]: 352

American literature must become distinct

ideas in this manuscript came from an article entitled "Thoughts on Reading" that appeared in the American

Whig Review in May 1845 ("Notes on Whitman's Reading," American Literature 26.3 [November 1954]: 352

Whitman marked this line in an article published in an 1846 issue of the American Whig Review ("Translators

of Homer," American Whig Review 4, no. 1 [July 1846]: 364).

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American

Whitman marked this line in an article published in an 1846 issue of the American Whig Review ("Translators

of Homer," American Whig Review 4, no. 1 [July 1846]: 364).

similar manuscripts that are numbered sequentially and probably date from around or before 1855: see "American