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Both manuscript drafts were probably originally continuous with manuscript drafts on another leaf, from

date in the 1870s, a period during which Whitman repeatedly complained about how he was treated by American

On the verso is a fragment of an apparent letter, which Edwin Haviland Miller dates August 1860, to Thayer

1870poetry1 leafhandwritten; Fragment of approximately forty words, in which the poet writes that if he "were

sentences pencilled at the top of the page contributed to the poem Myself and Mine, first published in 1860

; This manuscript is an early draft of a portion of the opening poem of the Calamus cluster in the 1860

or clusters of poems, including "The States," "Prairies," "Prairie Spaces," "Prairie Babes," and "American

The published version of Mediums, originally Chants Democratic No. 16 in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves

Starting from Paumanok was published first in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass as Proto-Leaf.

prose piece that appears to represent an early draft of "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860

The poem was first titled, Poem of Walt Whitman, an American, in the 1856 edition, and Whitman shortened

the title to Walt Whitman in 1860–1861.

leaves, together with several other leaves, constitute a draft essay that perhaps contributed to the 1860

leafhandwritten; On one side are two lines, heavily corrected, from a draft of the poem first published in 1860

apparently recording the poet's early idea for the poem first published as Chants Democratic 20 in 1860

29Poem of Sadnessabout 1860poetry1 leafhandwritten; Manuscript note probably recording the idea for the 1860

contains a list of trial titles, probably for the poem first published as Calamus 15 in Leaves of Grass (1860

On the reverse is a partial draft of the 1860 poem Calamus 9, which was dropped from subsequent editions

[Of these years I sing...] and to Apostroph, the opening section of Chants Democratic and Native American

Both poems first appeared in the 1860–1861 edition of Leaves of Grass.

The reference to the "Russian serf" was dropped from the poem after the 1860 edition. Russian serfs

or clusters of poems, including "The States," "Prairies," "Prairie Spaces," "Prairie Babes," and "American

the late 1850s, it's possible that this last title is related to the Chants Democratic and Native American

cluster in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

contains a list of trial titles, probably for the poem first published as Calamus 15 in Leaves of Grass (1860

fragment appears to be part of a draft of the essay, written by Whitman, titled An English and an American

Whitman published the essay anonymously in the American Phrenological Journal in October 1855, and he

This is a partial, late draft, with minor revisions, of Bardic Symbols, first published in the April 1860

leafhandwritten; Complete draft, lightly revised, of Beginners, a poem first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

, of the first poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

, of the sixth poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

of the seventh poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

of the second poem in the cluster titled Thoughts when it was first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

Draft, with many corrections, of To Him That Was Crucified, a poem first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

some corrections, of the poem eventually titled To Foreign Lands, first published in Leaves of Grass (1860

1871prosehandwritten11 leaves; These notes served as background for Whitman's discussion of current popular American

[To What You Said] bears a strong relationship to the Calamus poems that were composed between 1857-1860

original (1855 Brooklyn) edition]1855prose2 leaveshandwrittenprinted; Printed copies of reviews that were

27O Earth, My Likeness (1860).

1860poetryhandwritten1 leaf20.5 x 16 cm; A draft of the poem first published as Calamus, No. 36 in 1860

if our colors were struck and the fighting done?

Were mankind murderous or jealous upon you my brother or my sister?

Do you enjoy yourself in the city? or engaged in business?

and in them were the fathers of sons . . . and in them were the fathers of sons.

They were taught and exalted.

The Americans of all nations at any time upon the earth have probably the fullest poetical nature.

The largeness of nature or the nation were monstrous without a corresponding largeness and generosity

—As if it were necessary to trot back generation after generation to the eastern records!

The American poets are to enclose old and new for America is the race of races.

For such the expression of the American poet is to be transcendant and new.

I have heard what the talkers were talking . . . . the talk of the beginning and the end, But I do not

If nothing lay more developed the quahaug and its callous shell were enough.

 . . . . the blocks and fallen architecture more than all the living cities of the globe.

if our colors were struck and the fighting done?

Were mankind murderous or jealous upon you my brother or my sister?

Were all educations practical and ornamental well displayed out of me, what would it amount to?

Were I as the head teacher or charitable proprietor or wise statesman, what would it amount to?

Were I to you as the boss employing and paying you, would that satisfy you?

The Congress convenes every December for you, Laws, courts, the forming of states, the charters of cities

and mangers . . the mows and racks: Manufactures . . commerce . . engineering . . the building of cities

To think that the sun rose in the east . . . . that men and women were flexible and real and alive . 

. and act upon others as upon us now . . . . yet not act upon us; To think of all these wonders of city

Do you enjoy yourself in the city? or engaged in business?

It is not to diffuse you that you were born of your mother and father—it is to identify you, It is not

If I were to suspect death I should die now, Do you think I could walk pleasantly and well-suited toward

. . . . my clothes were stolen while I was abed, Now I am thrust forth, where shall I run?

they lie un- clothed unclothed ; The Asiatic and African are hand in hand . . . . the European and American

And whether those who defiled the living were as bad as they who defiled the dead?

and in them were the fathers of sons . . . and in them were the fathers of sons.

He was wise also, He was six feet tall . . . . he was over eighty years old  . . . . his sons were massive

from head to foot, It attracts with fierce undeniable attraction, I am drawn by its breath as if I were

one man . . . . he is the father of those who shall be fathers in their turns, In him the start of populous

I saw the rich ladies in full dress at the soiree, I heard what the run of poets were saying so long,

best farms. . . . . others toiling and planting, and he unavoidably reaps, The noblest and costliest cities

things in their attitudes, He puts today out of himself with plasticity and love, He places his own city

They live in other young men, O kings, They live in brothers, again ready to defy you: They were purified

They were taught and exalted.

and the barefoot negro boy and girl, And all the changes of city and country wherever he went.

seemed the sterile & stingy nature, as if too much handiwork or too much lymph in the temperament were

I rubbed my eyes a little to see if this sunbeam were no illusion; but the solid sense of the book is

before introducing us to his poetry, to enlighten our benighted minds as to the true function of the American

The Americans of all nations at any time upon the earth have probably the fullest poetical nature.

peace is the routine out of him speaks the spirit of peace, large, rich, thrifty, building vast and populous

statistics as far back as the records reach is in you this hour—and myths and tales the same; If you were

backtop, The faces of hunters and fishers, bulged at the brows …the shaved blanched faces of orthodox citi

The book, perhaps, might be called, American Life, from a Poetical Loafer's Point of View .

. ***** They were the glory of the race of rangers, Matchless with a horse, a rifle, a song, a supper

if our colors were struck and the fighting done?

Only three guns were in use.

That he was an American, we knew before, for, aside from America, there is no quarter of the universe

he was one of the roughs was also tolerably plain; but that he was a kosmos, is a piece of news we were

A N American bard at last!

The interior American republic shall also be declared free and independent.

But where in American literature is the first show of America?

Where is the vehement growth of our cities?

Walt Whitman was born on Long-Island, on the hills about thirty miles from the greatest American city

surrounded by blatherers, and always impregnable—the perpetual coming of immigrants—the wharf-hemmed cities

all climates and the uttermost parts—the noble character of the young mechanics, and of all free American

enterprise—the perfect equality of the female with the male—the large amativeness—the fluid movement of the population

," &c.** "For such the expression of the American poet is to be transcendent and new."

Alexander Wilson (1766-1813) and John James Audobon (1785-1851) were both acclaimed ornithologists and

Alexander Wilson (1766-1813) and John James Audobon (1785-1851) were both acclaimed ornithologists and

indelibly fix it and publish it, not for a model but an illustration, for the present and future of American

letters and American young men, for the south the same as the north, and for the Pacific and Mississippi

Of pure American breed, of reckless health, his body perfect, free from taint from top to toe, free forever

cruise with fishers in a fishing smack—or with a band of laughers and roughs in the streets of the city

AN ENGLISH AND AN AMERICAN POET.

Thus what very properly fits a subject of the British crown may fit very ill an American freeman.

Sure as the heavens envelope the earth, if the Americans want a race of bards worthy of 1855, and of

Poetry, to Tennyson and his British and American eleves, is a gentleman of the first degree, boating,

An English and an American Poet