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9th av.

About This Item

  • Title: 9th av.
  • Date: Between 1854 and 1860
  • Creator(s): Walt Whitman
  • Whitman Archive ID: loc.00354
  • Source: 16th Sept |  The Charles E. Feinberg Collection of the Papers of Walt Whitman, 1839–1919, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Transcribed from digital images of the original. For a description of the editorial rationale behind our treatment of the notebooks, see our statement of editorial policy.
  • Editorial note: This notebook contains several dated entries, all of which suggest that it was inscribed during the fall of 1856. On the recto of leaf 3 is a quotation taken from the New York Express, dated "Oct. 21, 1856"; on the verso of leaf 44 is the inscription "A. Brownson [sic] Alcott Oct. 4th '56"; and the inside back cover shows the date 16th Sept. Fredson Bowers has speculated, based on the locations of the dated entries, that all of the material that contributed to Whitman's poetry was written sometime after 21 October 1856. (See Bowers, Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] A Parallel Text [Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1955], xxxiii–li, 40–56.) It is of course possible, however, that parts of the notebook were inscribed before and/or after the dated entries. Much of the notebook is devoted to draft material for the 1860 poem eventually titled "Starting from Paumanok," and one brief passage (on the verso of leaf 25) seems clearly to have contributed to "Song at Sunset," another 1860 poem. Two passages suggest possible (though less certain) connections to poems that appeared in earlier editions of Leaves of Grass. On the verso of the sixteenth leaf is a passage with similarities to the 1856 poem eventually titled "Miracles," and on the recto of the fifth leaf are lines that might have contributed to the first poem of the 1855 Leaves of Grass, ultimately titled "Song of Myself."  
      
      This is one of several notebooks that Whitman filled from both ends. That is, rather than choosing one cover as the "front" and writing all the way through to the "back," Whitman treated both covers as "fronts," with the result that about half of the pages are inscribed upside-down relative to the other pages. It is unclear which pages were inscribed first; furthermore, several of the leaves have become detached and seem to have been moved to different positions over the years by those examining the notebook. For this reason, we have chosen to base our ordering of the pages on Fredson Bowers's transcription, since it offers the earliest account of the notebook's state. It should be noted that this ordering differs significantly from the current disposition of the notebook and that both of these also differ from the ordering in the transcription of William White, Daybooks and Notebooks (New York: New York University Press, 1978), 3:777–803. Note also that some of the page images have been rotated to make them easily readable.
  • Contributors to digital file: Joshua Matthews Kirsten Clawson Nicole Gray Brett Barney Ashlyn Stewart Kevin McMullen
  • Cite this page: Whitman, Walt. "9th av.." The Walt Whitman Archive. Gen. ed. Matt Cohen, Ed Folsom, & Kenneth M. Price. Accessed 19 January 2026. <http://www.whitmanarchive.org>.
  • Source File: loc.00354.xml (TEI)

Key

Textual Feature Appearance
Overwritten brown with strikethrough
Added inline purple with double underline
Uncertain gray with wavy underline
Supplied from another source turquoise with brackets
Metamark green with triple underline
Long deletion gray background with top and bottom border
  [ begin leaf 1 recto ]20051105_0607.jpg   [ begin leaf 1 verso ]20051105_0606.jpg
  • 9th av. cor 24th st
    Dan Van Valkenb[torn away]
  • Lot on Lawton st. near 
      Division av
    Dan Van Valkenb[torn away]
  • W. McCormick
    105 Byard st.
  • S. Wallin
    8 LeRoy Place
    Bleeker St
  • Silas Ludlan
  • Youmans
    63 2d. av.
  • F. Bellew
    70 West 27th St
  • Empire House—
    Pennsylvania av between 
      3d and 4th street
  • Mrs. Harrison's
    Pennsylvania
  •   [ begin leaf 2 recto ]20051105_0605.jpg
  • Patrick Fleming, Jackson Hall Alley 
     & Pennsylvania av
    f[illegible]
    Charles Drummond
  • Dr. Smith
    140 York st cor Charles
  • Mrs. Tyndale
    Germantown
    cor Main and 
      High sts.—
  • Mrs. Chilton
    69 Verick st.
  • Phebe Ann 
      Wood
    348 Grove
  • Mr. T. C. Leland,
    77 Duane st.
  • Mrs. Walton
    107 C[illegible]Dean corner 
     Hoyt
  • John W. Usher
    Cor. Pensylvania av. & 14th st.
    City Lunch
  [ begin leaf 2 verso ]20051105_0604.jpg   [ begin leaf 3 recto ]20051105_0603.jpg

N.Y. Express, Oct. 21, 1856

"But for the American party, the Northern, sectional, geographical party of Wm H. Seward & Co. would, under Fremont, have swept the whole Northern country."

(editorial.)
  [ begin leaf 3 verso ]20051105_0602.jpg   [ begin leaf 4 recto ]20051105_0601.jpg

Proem.—

Proem of all

These are the candid 
  open-shown thoughts 
  of me, and of all 
  my body & soul Lo, the amp free open amplitude 
  over and over 
  Lo the round globe, tumbling Lo, friendly persons advancing, 
  tall, muscular, ^friendly with 
  sufficient hands and feet, Lo—the great women of upon of the world 
  the New World—and the lo 
  how they precede the beard-faced masters 
  of upon the world, [torn away]
  [ begin leaf 4 verso ]loc_bb.00030_large.jpg   [ begin leaf 5 recto ]20051105_0600.jpg
Lo Shall [illegible]speak in the Presidents 
  Message from the porch 
  of the ^Federal Capitol, and in 
  the Governors' Messages 
  from the State Capitols, 
  and in the rulings of 
  the Judges of the 
  Supreme Court,
  [ begin leaf 5 verso ]20051105_0599.jpg   [ begin leaf 6 recto ]20051105_0598.jpg

Commencement of Discourse

"Spiritualism"

Life is very great but theere f is something greater than life, absorbing life, namely Death.—When as we are in the midst of affairs, going to dinner, &c, we receive the news of the sudden death of — —over

  [ begin leaf 6 verso ]20051105_0597.jpg   [ begin leaf 7 recto ]20051105_0596.jpg

Proem

^Preface of Endless Announcements

Toward the perfect woman 
  of The America Toward the perfect man 
  of America Toward the President 
  of These States, and 
  the members of 
  the Congress of These 
  States
Proem Preface of Endless 
  Announcements

After all is said, it remains to be said, This too is great in its reference to death

  [ begin leaf 7 verso ]loc_bb.00029.jpg   [ begin leaf 8 recto ]20051105_0595.jpg

Poem of Remorse

I now look back to the 
  times when I thought 
  others—slaves? —the ignorant?  
  —so much inferior to my self To have so much less right 
  than myself
  [ begin leaf 8 verso ]20051105_0594.jpg   [ begin leaf 9 recto ]20051105_0593.jpg
O you round Earth, 
  I
Savage and strong, Free, luxuriant, im     , 
  I, from Mannahatta 
  speak up for The States.
O my body, that gives 
  me identity! O my organs!all and each, ^every one O that 
  which makes manhood! O
A Savage and luxuriant strong Primal Am Free, luxuriant, f 
  in       I, come, 
  an Amer 
  from Mannahatta 
  stand in the midst 
  of The States 
  speak up for you and 
  for These States.— 
 
  [ begin leaf 9 verso ]loc_bb.00028.jpg
(Simply Endless Announcements nothing more 
 ☝
  [ begin leaf 10 recto ]loc_bb.00027.jpg

Words of America

Free and severe words, 
  the master's words The mother's, father's, 
  husband's, wife's, 
  son's daughter's, words,
☞

The Proem must have throughout a strong saturation of America, The West, the Geography, the representative American man.

  [ begin leaf 10 verso ]20051105_0592.jpg
All that you do g gain 
  dissipates away But all that you 
  do to your body, 
  mind, morals, lasts 
  in this sphere and 
  in other spheres
  [ begin leaf 11 recto ]20051105_0591.jpg
Shall grow in the manly 
  muscle of men and 
  in the greatness of 
  perfect women
I do not say that life 
  is not beautiful, But I say that whatever 
  it is, it all tends to 
  dr[cut away] the beauty of death.
[cut away]
To you, endless endless announcements To You whoever you are, I 
  kiss you with lips of 
  ^real love ^personal
  [ begin leaf 11 verso ]20051105_0590.jpg

Premonition

(last verse ? To you, endless announcements! ? To America Whoever you are, For your sake, these * Free, ^fresh and savage, strong, Cheerful Fluent, luxuriant, 
  fluent, self-composed— 
  [cut away] [cut away]persons 
  [cut away]— 
  [cut away] 
  I was born fond 
  of the sea-beach, In ^In the streets of Mannahatta's I streets walk,ing 
  and sound thence 
  ^I sound the strong ^I make poems 
  of ^for The States. In Mannahatta's streets walking 
  I make poems for The States.
  [ begin leaf 12 recto ]20051105_0589.jpg
* Free, savage, strong, Cheerful, luxuriant, fluent, 
  self-sufficient composed— fond of 
  my friends, fond of women and children ☜ Fond of fish-shaped Paumanok 
  Paumanok, where I 
  was born—fond of 
  the sea-beach, From Mannahatta I send 
  the poems of The States.
  [ begin leaf 12 verso ]20051105_0588.jpg   [ begin leaf 13 recto ]20051105_0587.jpg
O intersecttwined lands! O land of athe future! This Ahold of hands These I interhanded Washington's land copious land The interhanded sStates O my the lands! The O ^copious the embracing, interhanded, ^the many-armed, the 
  knit together, the 
  passionate lovers, the 
  fused ones and clasped, the equal 
  womb-offspring, the 
  old and young brothers, 
  the equal world side by side, the 
  experienced sisters 
  and the inexperienced 
  sisters, the equal ones, 
  the womb-offspring, the 
  well-attached the 
  beloved of ages! and of ages! ages! 
  ages,— the inextricable, 
  the river-tied and the 
  mountain-tied. 
 
  [ begin leaf 13 verso ]20051105_0586.jpg   [ begin leaf 14 recto ]20051105_0585.jpg
[torn away] breezed, the Arc[cut away] 
  braced, the sea-bosomed, 
  the Mississippi-drained, 
  the fresh-breezed, the 
  ample-land, the wonderful, 
  the welcome, the inseparable 
  brothers! O dear lands! O death! 
  O I will not desert 
  you by death be 
  death be divested discharged severed 
  from you by death O I do not care! cannot be severed! I 
  will yet visit you still 
  yet with irrepressible love, 
  O I will visi come 
  silently and invisibly Again the
  [ begin leaf 14 verso ]20051105_0584.jpg
[cut away] This then is life, This This Here is what has been come arrived upon the earth, out of then is the earth, 
  and what has arrived 
  after so many throes 
  and convulsions.— How curious! How real! Underfoot, the divine soil— 
  Overhead, the sun.— Afford foothold to my poems, 
  you Nourish my poems, Earth, and give 
  them roots, you earth, 
  for they are your 
  offspring, Bedew them, dews, you 
  spring and summer^dews——shelter
  [ begin leaf 15 recto ]20051105_0583.jpg
Philip Holmes Adirondacks —to Troy—then in the 
  cars to Moreau—then 
  by stage to Glen's Falls— 
 then by stage to Lake George 
 —then to Scroon lake—
I will visit the Texan 
  in
The wal jaunt over the 
  prairies as welcome as 
  ever The banks of the long sail voyage the 
  Missouri up the 
  Mississipp Shine upon them, sun, for they
  [ begin leaf 15 verso ]20051105_0582.jpg
them; winter snows, for 
  they are would make you Help Favor them, to yo all you 
  laws of materials, and 
  all ponderable things 
  all of vulgar and rejected 
  things, for they would 
  make you illustrious 
  You mothers You young women, for 
  they p ^would announce you 
  as just ^forever as capable 
  and eminent as 
  the young men
  [ begin leaf 16 recto ]20051105_0581.jpg
The ^p man or woman of Texans, the Lousianian 
  the Flori[illegible]dian, the Georgian 
  the Carolinian, the Mississippian 
  the Arkansian, the Californian 
  as much my friend as 
  ever, and I his friend 
  ^or her friend as much as ever, Oregon as much mine as 
  ever, ^you Mannahatta! Mannahatta! 
  Mannahatta! still close, 
  as ever! O close! close to me! O The man of Ohioan and woman of Ohio as close real 
  to me as ever The Kentuckian my for me and I for him as much as ever Wisconsin, Iowa 
  Michigan, Illinois, 
  Indiana, Missouri, 
  Kansas, Nebraska, Utah, 
  ^Minnesota! for me a as much as ever the same and I 
  for them as much the same as 
  ever!
  [ begin leaf 16 verso ]20051105_0580.jpg
You old man and old woman; 
  for they know see would show that 
  you are no less 
  admirable, than any You sexual organs and 
  acts, for they behold are determined to tell 
  you with glad 
  courageous loud 
  voice, to make 
  you illustrious,
  [ begin leaf 17 recto ]20051105_0579.jpg
The Tennessee-man and 
  the Tennessee-woman 
  —the same as ever to me no less to me than ever ) Pennsylvania, New-Jersey, 
  Delaware, Maryland, 
  Virginia, yet travelled 
  by me, The Maine, New-Hampshire, 
  Vermont, Massachusetts, 
  Connecticut, Rhode Island, 
  New York, yet dwelt 
  in by me, Huron, Erie Mic Ontario, Erie, Huron, 
  Michigan, Superior, 
  yet sailed upon 
  by me [cut away]
  [ begin leaf 17 verso ]20051105_0578.jpg   [ begin leaf 18 recto ]20051105_0577.jpg
To you endless an To you, these, to 
  report nature, man, 
  politics,       from 
  an American 
  point of view. 
 
  [ begin leaf 18 verso ]loc_bb.00031_large.jpg   [ begin leaf 19 recto ]20051105_0553.jpg
These are the words of the 
  master These
  [ begin leaf 19 verso ]20051105_0554.jpg
These shall live abide, Shall grow in Shall walk in the streets 
  Manhnahatta Shall climb the Alleghenie[cut away] 
  and 
  [cut away]
  [ begin leaf 20 recto ]20051105_0576.jpg
As long as the earth 
  is brown and 
  solid 
 
Free, savage, strong Cheerful, luxuriant, fluent, self-sufficient, Out from Y fond of the sea-beach, from fond 
  of slender Paumanok where I was 
  born, From Manhattan ^fond of the sea-beach Island I 
  send the poems of the States.
  [ begin leaf 20 verso ]20051105_0575.jpg   [ begin leaf 21 recto ]20051105_0569.jpg
Listen to me, Out from Paumanok, where 
  I was born, and I recite All is in yourself, The All things, all thoughts, Things, thoughts, the stately 
  shows of the world, 
  the suns and moons, 
  the landscape, summer 
  and winter, the 
  poems, endearments, All Free, Savage, and strong, Primal, ^arrogant coarse luxuriant, coarse, and 
  combative, fluent self-sufficient, A O From Out of from Manhattan Island 
  I makesend the poems 
  of The States,
  [ begin leaf 21 verso ]20051105_0570.jpg   [ begin leaf 22 recto ]20051105_0567.jpg
Fille'd fill'd with such wonders Over-head, how the splendid the sun! Under-foot, how the O divine soil, Under-foot, O divine soil! Overhead, O * How curious!—How real! Under-foot, the divine soil! Overhead, the sun! How curious How curious I myself! Me,
  [ begin leaf 22 verso ]20051105_0568.jpg   [ begin leaf 23 recto ]20051105_0550.jpg
I understand you, you 
  bards of other ages and lands I understand you,bear you in mind, you 
  ancestors of men.—
  [ begin leaf 23 verso ]20051105_0549.jpg
How curious is the brown 
  wo real earth! How curious, how 
  spiritual is the water

Politics

On the one side pledged 
  to — — — On the other side to 
  — — — —On the one side— — — 
  [illegible]
  [ begin leaf 24 recto ]20051105_0566.jpg   [ begin leaf 24 verso ]20051105_0565.jpg
Lo! the ships sailing! Lo, the the interminable intersecting 
  streets in cities, full 
  of living people, coming 
  and going! Lo, where iron and steam 
  so grand, so welcome! Lo, th
  [ begin leaf 25 recto ]20051105_0574.jpg   [ begin leaf 25 verso ]20051105_0573.jpg

Forever and Thy soul!

To cons Forever and forever, as long longer 
  as the than soilground is brown and solid, as longer 
  as than water ebbs and 
  flows They gi shall duly give place, ^in a few ^their order of millions of years— but 
  you O my soul shall never 
  give place! *Life,—how curious! how real Space, ^and time, filled with such 
  easy wonders! To walk, to breathe, how delicious The daylig day; these the 
  curious; divine, 
  animals, identity, 
  eyesight! Underfoot, the divine 
  soil, Overhead, the sun.
  [ begin leaf 26 recto ]20051105_0564.jpg
[torn away] 
  to ^shall ought to deserves receive more than 
  you, and never can deserve 
  I do not forget fail to 
  salute you with my hand and neck, you 
  poets of all ages 
  and lands, I do not forget to bless 
  any one of you, you fallen 
  nations, to bless you— —nor any 
  one of you, you 
  ancestors of men
  [ begin leaf 26 verso ]20051105_0563.jpg
How real is the ground! 
  Come let us p set 
  our feet upon the 
  ground; How perfect and beautiful 
  are the animals! How vas How much room, and 
  splendor! How inevitable 
  How vast and spacious!
  [ begin leaf 27 recto ]20051105_0562.jpg
[torn away] 
 my ancestors , of man Nor you, you you the 
  old poets I do not forget to salute 
  you, you old you poets, 
  of all times ages and 
  lands,
  [ begin leaf 27 verso ]20051105_0561.jpg
Do you not know that 
  the your soul has brothers 
  and sisters, just as 
  much as the your body 
  has?
  [ begin leaf 28 recto ]20051105_0560.jpg
This then, is life, and 
  This the earth,— How curious! How real. Underfoot the divine soil,— Ooverhead, the sun Surround? these my poems, you 
  east and west, for 
  they are for you And you north and 
  south, for they are 
  for you, 
  Imbue them, nights, for 
  they are (of you, and) 
  for you, And you, days, for they 
  are for you.— So
  [ begin leaf 28 verso ]20051105_0558.jpg
Great ideas dominate 
  over all—
What has Shakespeare 
  done to England?
Not — — not — — — 
  are of any account 
  compared to the 
  few men of great 
  ideas
Even One great idea vitalizes 
  a nation
—Men of great ideas
  [ begin leaf 29 recto ]20051105_0559.jpg   [ begin leaf 29 verso ]20051105_0557.jpg
You Personality! Your Personality! You 
  and whoever you are? 
  O you coward that 
  dare not claim 
  be audacious for 
  your own sake! O you liar that 
  falsely assume to 
  be modest and 
  deferential O you slave —O you ^tongueless, eyeless, earelless, —O you      that 
  will not receive me 
  for your own sake
  [ begin leaf 30 recto ]20051105_0556.jpg   [ begin leaf 30 verso ]20051105_0555.jpg

Personality!

You! whoever you are! 
  without one single 
  exception, in any 
  part of any of These 
  States! I seize ? you with st 
  free and severe you 
  hand—I know well, 
  whoever you are, you are my equal, 
  and the President's 
  equal,—and that there 
  is no one on this 
  globe and any better 
  g greater than you— 
  and that there is 
  no existence in all 
  the universes any more 
  immortal than your,
  [ begin leaf 31 recto ]20051105_0548.jpg   [ begin leaf 31 verso ]20051105_0547.jpg

In Poem

The earth, that is my model of poems 
  model—I do not ? none need 
  discard what I 
  find in the theory 
  of the great, round diversified 
  earth, so beautiful, and 
  so rude. The body of a man,— that 
  I is my model—I do 
  not reject what I 
  find in my body—I 
  am not ashamed—Why 
  should I be ashamed? The body of a woman,— 
  that is my perfect 
  model—I believe 
  in all the body of 
  the woman—I believe 
  the perfect woman 
  shall even precede 
  the man
  [ begin leaf 32 recto ]20051105_0546.jpg   [ begin leaf 32 verso ]20051105_0545.jpg

Poem of Maternity

O my dear child! My 
  Darling (Now I am maternal— 
  a child bearer— 
  I bea have from 
  my womb borne 
  a child, and 
  observe it For great ideas! The life that is not 
  underlaid by great 
  ideas is — — 
 
  [ begin leaf 33 recto ]20051105_0544.jpg   [ begin leaf 33 verso ]20051105_0543.jpg
For friendship: — — — — For immortality: — — — —
  [ begin leaf 34 recto ]20051105_0551.jpg
Dwelling neighbor to the nigh the Ohioan 
  and Kentuckian, a 
  friendly neighbor, W Sauntering the streets of 
  Boston, Portland, 
  long list of cities 
  [cut away]
  [ begin leaf 34 verso ]20051105_0552.jpg
* National hymns, 
  The freeman's and freewoman's 
  songs, The master's words, strong arrogant, 
  lawless, fluent, severe.—
  [ begin leaf 35 recto ]20051105_0530.jpg   [ begin leaf 35 verso ]20051105_0529.jpg
? For your own sake To stand fast by me! To stand unshaken, and 
  tenacious, —to To believe in me—no 
  matter
  [ begin leaf 36 recto ]20051105_0542.jpg   [ begin leaf 36 verso ]20051105_0541.jpg
Have you any doubt of mortality? I say there can be no more 
  doubt of immortality than 
  there is of mortality
  [ begin leaf 37 recto ]20051105_0528.jpg   [ begin leaf 37 verso ]20051105_0527.jpg

The observer stand some clear day on the northeast height of Washington Park, some yclear day in the year 1900, (the      ofyear of These States,) will look on

  [ begin leaf 38 recto ]20051105_0540.jpg   [ begin leaf 38 verso ]20051105_0539.jpg
Primer of Words 
  and Th and 
  Thoughts 
  Ideas 
  Principles (none of these suit
  [ begin leaf 39 recto ]20051105_0538.jpg   [ begin leaf 39 verso ]20051105_0537.jpg

American songs,—in which prose (to be spoken—with a low, or other musical accompaniment,) is interlineated

  [ begin leaf 40 recto ]loc_bb.00026.jpg   [ begin leaf 40 verso ]20051105_0536.jpg

[cut away]

  [ begin leaf 41 recto ]20051105_0535.jpg   [ begin leaf 41 verso ]20051105_0534.jpg   [ begin leaf 42 recto ]20051105_0532.jpg   [ begin leaf 42 verso ]20051105_0531.jpg

I had rather have the good will of the butchers and boatmen of Manhattan Island than all the nominations approbation rewards of the government—literats elegant persons

Jake
  [ begin leaf 43 recto ]20051105_0526.jpg   [ begin leaf 43 verso ]20051105_0525.jpg
Sam Matthews

Walt Whitman stands to-day in the midst of the American people, a promise, a preface, an overture a

Will he fulfil the half-distinct half-indistinct promise?—Many do not understand him, but there are others, a few, who do understand him.[illegible] Will he justify the great prophecy of Emerson? or will he too, like thousands of others, flaunt out the one bright commencement, the result of gathered powers, only to sink back exhausted—or to give himself up to the seduction of

  [ begin leaf 44 recto ]20051105_0524.jpg
  • "Ancient Hebrews" by Abm. Mills A. S. Barnes & Co.
  • "Glimpses of Life and Manners 
      in Persia"     by Lady Sheil with notes on Russia, Koords, 
      Turkomans, Nestorians,     (refers to 1849)
  • Mrs Tynedale at Mrs. Manning's at in Clinton av. near De Kalb nearly opposite the church
  • Dr. Draper's Physiology (Harper  
     last 2 no's 
      Harper)
  • Brownlow's Map of the Stars 184 Cherry st.
  •   [ begin leaf 44 verso ]20051105_0523.jpg
  • A. Brownson Alcott Oct. 4th '56
  • Jas. Metcalf 79 Warren st. (station house)
  • Mr. Held 4 Boerum near Fulton av.
  • Clerke's Rudiments 
      & Practice     1 vol.
  • Comic Blackstone
  • Prof Wines' Commentaries on the 
      Hebrew Law
  • Montesquieu Spirit of the Laws
  • Robert Hunt's "Poetry of Science"
  • Poetry of the East Pub. Whittemore, Niles, & Hall Boston
  •   [ begin leaf 45 recto ]20051105_0522.jpg
  • 16th Sept—b
  • J.L. Metcalf 3d district station house 3d ward 79 Warren
  • Organism of Language Becker's Translated into English
  • Grimm's work in German Language
  • W. Gibson 363 Sixth av
  • Middlesex House Concord, Mass
  • Dr. Ruggles 24 East Warren
  • Wilson 4 Greene near Cumberlan 1 door
  [ begin leaf 45 verso ]20051105_0521.jpg
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