Catalog of the Walt Whitman Literary Manuscripts at the Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia

Whitman Archive Title: Man, before the rage of
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00287
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Before 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8 x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Although they are written in free verse, both the conventional nature of these lines and the handwriting suggest an early date of inscription. This draft may be a continuation of duk.00018 ("There is no word in"), suggesting it may relate to the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself." The lines, especially the first and third, also bear some resemblance to a passage of the preface to the 1855 Leaves of Grass and to lines in what eventually became section 6 of "I Sing the Body Electric."

Whitman Archive Title: Living Pictures
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00516
Repository Title: "A Cluster of poems" and "Living Pictures"
Date: Before 1855
Genre: prose, poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
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Content: The handwriting and Whitman's use of the long "s" in several of the words suggest that this is an early manuscript. It is possible that these lines are early notes for the second poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass , eventually titled "A Song for Occupations." This manuscript may also relate to yal.00081 ("Pictures"), a lengthy manuscript poem held at the Beinecke Library at Yale University that was probably written in the mid- to late-1850s. On the back of this leaf (uva.00086) is a list, almost certainly written later than the prose on the front, of subjects on which to write "a cluster of poems."

Whitman Archive Title: As now are given
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00508
Box: 1
Folder: 38
Repository Title: Glimpses of Walt Whitman from 1877 to '87
Date: Between 1845 and 1860
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Content: A manuscript containing prose notes about science and the names of various scientific fields. Although Whitman was interested in sciene throughout his life, his most intense period of interest in the subject was during the late 1840s and 1850s. The small handwriting and small scrap of paper on which the note is written are also characteristic of Whitman's early writing (see Edward Grier, Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 5:1998). The manuscript was therefore likely written in the late 1840s or the 1850s. The manuscript is pasted down to a backing sheet, making the verso inaccessible.

Whitman Archive Title: Boccacio
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00511
Box: 1
Folder: 38
Repository Title: Glimpses of Walt Whitman from 1877 to '87
Date: Between 1849 and 1860
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Content: A prose note about Italian writer Giovanni Boccaccio (1313–1375). According to Edward Grier, this scrap may have been part of a larger manuscript of notes about other Italian writers (see Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 5:1858). The text Whitman quotes comes from the Westminster Review , American Edition, LI, (July 1849): 187 (see Stovall, "Notes on Whitman's Reading," American Literature 26, no. 3, [November 1954]: 361). This manuscript could therefore date from as early as 1849, although it was most likely written in the 1850s. The manuscript is pasted down to a backing sheet, making the verso inaccessible.

Whitman Archive Title: Dante
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00512
Box: 1
Folder: 38
Repository Title: Glimpses of Walt Whitman from 1877 to '87
Date: Between 1849 and 1860
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Content: A prose note about Italian writer Dante Alighieri (1265–1321). According to Edward Grier, this scrap may have been part of a larger manuscript of notes about other Italian writers (see Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 5:1860). The text Whitman quotes comes from the Westminster Review , American Edition, LI, (July 1849): 186 (see Stovall, "Notes on Whitman's Reading," American Literature 26, no. 3, [November 1954]: 361). This manuscript could therefore date from as early as 1849, although it was most likely written in the 1850s. The manuscript is pasted down to a backing sheet, making the verso inaccessible.

Whitman Archive Title: Back to ten thousand years
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00495
Box: 1
Folder: 38
Repository Title: Glimpses of Walt Whitman from 1877 to '87
Date: Between 1847 and 1857
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Content: A manuscript containing prose notes about the historical ubiquity of great men, "capable of deeds of might, blessings, poems, enlightenment," with the suggestion that these were introductory thoughts for a discussion of various religions. The writing contains no known connection to any of Whitman's published works. Edward Grier notes that writing on the verso would suggest that this manuscript "must have been written in 1857 or earlier" ( Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 6:2067). The manuscript is pasted down to a backing sheet, making the verso inaccessible.

Whitman Archive Title: My picture gallery
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00061
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 1
Folder: 58
Date: between 1850 and 1880
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 10 x 15.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally titled "Pictures," this manuscript is a revision of the first four verses of a draft poem by that name, inscribed by Whitman in a twenty-nine page notebook before the first edition of Leaves of Grass appeared in 1855. The notes "? for children" and "extend this?" appear in the upper left corner. The final verse appears in the upper right corner. After further revision Whitman published these verses in the October 30, 1880 issue of The American under the title "My Picture-Gallery," after which he placed it in the new cluster "Autumn Rivulets" in the 1881 edition.

Whitman Archive Title: The Whale-boat
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00117
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 2
Folder: 23
Date: late 1850s
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 cm x 12 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains notes about whales that mirror a passage about whales published in "Song of Myself". A direct relationship between this manuscript and Whitman's published work is unknown, although a possible relationship also exists with drafts of the poem "The Sleepers" in which Whitman was working with the idea of a whale being harpooned. These notes may be a continuation of notes written on two separate scraps and held at Duke University (The Trent Collection of Walt Whitman Manuscripts, Duke University Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library), "The Whale," MS q 88.

Whitman Archive Title: Poem of Fables
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00103
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 76
Date: 1850s
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 20 x 12 cm, handwritten
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Content: Two sets of deleted verses constitute adaptations of lines from Whitman's pre-1855 unpublished notebook "Pictures" "Now this is the fable of the mirror" and "And Now this is the fable of a beautiful statue." Two other deleted potential fables ideas also appear: "The trained runner" and "The five old men." At the foot of the leaf appears the note "last piece (still another Death Song— Death Song with prophecies." All of the sections are demarcated with horizontal lines. Based on Whitman's use of the tax blank, the manuscript appears to be a set of notes he made between 1857 and 1859 while preparing the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass . The "Poem of Fables" as such never materialized, but a poem simply titled "Fables" was incorporated into the second section of the poem "Passage to India", first published in 1871. Whitman's "Pictures" were not published in their entirety until 1925. Whitman uses the phrase "well-train'd runner" in "The Runner", a poem which first appeared in Leaves of Grass in 1867.

Whitman Archive Title: After death
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00133
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Date: Mid-1850s
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 7 x 15 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript was probably written in the mid-1850s. The lines beginning "After death" are not known to have been published in Whitman's lifetime. The lines on the verso, beginning "I have all lives," are likely related to the poem first published in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass as "Poem of The Sayers of The Words of The Earth" and ultimately entitled "A Song of the Rolling Earth." Because the handwriting is similar on the two sides, we treat them here as a single text.

Whitman Archive Title: [As to you]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00134
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Date: Between 1850 and 1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 7 x 15.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript bears some similarity in subject to the poem that became "Who Learns My Lesson Complete," though there does not appear to be any specific contribution of lines or phrases. This leaf was evidently pasted to and then pulled away from another page; some fragments of that other page remain affixed to the top. In his transcription of this manuscript, Richard Maurice Bucke combined it with three other manuscripts: see nyp.00095, nyp.00097, and uva.00283 ( Notes and Fragments [London, Ontario: A. Talbot & Co., printers, 1899], 28–29). Though the subject matter is similar, the manuscripts do not appear to be continuous.

Whitman Archive Title: [Poem of]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00006
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4 x 8 cm, handwritten
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Content: These notes, on a very small scrap of paper, could have represented an early stage of a number of poems.

Whitman Archive Title: A City Walk
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00292
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Date: About 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4.5 x 12 cm, handwritten
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Content: A faint horizontal line beneath part of "A City Walk," along with the words' capitalization and central position on the page, indicate that Whitman may have contemplated using the words as the title of an independent poem. The closest he came to this title was "City of Walks and Joys," the name he originally assigned to "Calamus" 18 in his "Blue Book" revisions of the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass . This title was changed in the "Blue Book" to "City of orgies, walks and joys" and finally became "City of Orgies" in the 1867 edition. The manuscript also suggests making a list of things seen while "crossing the ferry," an idea later developed and published in "Sun-Down Poem" in the 1856 edition of Leaves . The poem was retitled "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry" in 1860.

Whitman Archive Title: Original. Walks Down This Street;
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00293
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Date: about 1856
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 7 x 16 cm paster to 4 x 15.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Both parts of the title are underlined. A wavy line appears at the foot of that section. The word "Original" at the head of the upper section suggests that Whitman was sketching out a new poem for a revised edition of Leaves of Grass . If it was the 1860 edition, as his style of inscription here appears to indicate, it is possible that this leaf could represent an early stage of the poem that would eventually become "City of Orgies", 1867.

Whitman Archive Title: Europe
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00304
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 16 x 14 cm, handwritten
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Content: The recto notes represent an early stage of lines partially incorporated in "Poem of Salutation," the new third poem in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass , which was permanently retitled "Salut au Monde!" in the 1860 edition. If the note or title "Europe" suggests that Whitman might have first intended to divide his salutations into discrete sections based on the different continents, this is a plan he did not follow in the published version(s). The more polished (but deleted) lines on the verso represent a recasting in poetic form of several lines from the 1855 Preface. These were further revised for the 1856 "Poem of Many in One," after which the first verse drafted on this page (cut off here, and beginning "over the Texan, Mexican, Florid[ian,]/ Cuban seas...") was dropped. The two verses below this, however, were preserved relatively unchanged through the poem's many transformations until the text was essentially fixed under the title "By Blue Ontario's Shore" in 1881.

Whitman Archive Title: [And as the shores of the sea I live near and love are to me]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00305
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 13 x 14.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: These two verses represent a draft of lines that would be further revised and incorporated in the new 1856 poem "Poem of Salutation," permanently retitled "Salut au Monde!" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass. . A plate mark can be clearly seen on the verso.

Whitman Archive Title: Poem of Pictures
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00289
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Repository Title: Leaves of Grass, [ca. 1855–1856], AMs, 12 fragments on 7 leaves
Date: Before 1856
Genre: poetry, prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 6.5 x 15.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: A phrase beginning "Picture of one of/ the Greek games" appears in the upper right corner, delimited from the rest of the notes with two curved lines. The words "Spanish bull fight" appear in their own semicircle (damaged by Whitman's cutting) in the lower right corner. The lines seem to occupy a middle space between the very early notebook poem "Pictures" and the 1856 "Poem of Salutation" (ultimately "Salut au Monde!"). Therefore, the date of this manuscript is likely before 1856.

Whitman Archive Title: [My two theses]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00009
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Date: about 1856
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4 x 16 cm pasted to 10.5 x 16 cm, handwritten
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Content: On a small composite leaf of white wove paper, ruled in blue on one side, containing notes about developing two theses to "run through all the poems . . .."

Whitman Archive Title: [The circus boy is riding in the]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00010
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 10.5 x 14 cm, handwritten
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Content: The verso lines (beginning with the individually deleted line "O Walt Whitman, show us some pictures!" and continuing "America, always Pictorial!") represent a later draft of the beginning of the poem "Pictures" than the most complete extant version, which is contained in the pre-1855 "Pictures" notebook currently housed at Yale University. Critics have dated the lines to around 1880, when Whitman was working on a short version of "Pictures" both for magazine publication and for the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass , where it was published as "My Picture-Gallery." But Whitman's early style of inscription in this draft, along with the line "It is round—it has room for America, north and south" and his use of his own name in the deleted first line, all suggest that Whitman may have inscribed this draft around the same time that he was working on the new 1856 "Poem of Salutations" (eventually "Salut au Monde!"). This draft also suggests that at one point he may have considered linking what would become "Poem of Salutations" and the formally and thematically similar "Pictures" more directly. The lines on the recto, divided by a horizontal line, refer to images of a circus boy on a fleet horse and of watching those on a shore disappear. The relationship between either of these lines and Whitman's published works is unclear.

Whitman Archive Title: [How can there be immortality]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00014
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4.5 x 14.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: These lines, appearing on a very small section of white laid paper cut and cropped irregularly, bear a strong resemblance to the (eventual) second verse paragraph in section 6 of "Starting from Paumanok," first published in 1860 as "Proto-Leaf." The fragmentary lines on the verso (beginning "Downward, buoyant, swif[t]"), represent a different version of a line incorporated in the pre-1855 notebook poem "Pictures" and of one inscribed in the 1854 notebook [I know a rich capitalist...], currently housed at the New York Public Library.

Whitman Archive Title: [Pure water]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00015
Box: 1
Folder: 49
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 16 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Below the trial verses, separated from them by a diagonal pencil stroke, appears a cartoon hand pointing to the annotation "I must have/ Poem[.]"

Whitman Archive Title: I am a Student
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00238
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 9.5 x 15 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . Lines in the manuscript are similar to sentences used in the preface to that edition. Ideas expressed in the manuscript also relate loosely to lines in the first poem in the 1855 edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." Lines written on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00570 appeared in the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: The spotted hawk salutes the
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00570
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 9.5 x 15 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . Lines from the manuscript were included in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." Several lines of poetry are drafted on the back of this leaf (uva.00238.

Whitman Archive Title: [A little sum laid aside for burial money—a few clapboards around]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00248
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 17 x 19 cm, handwritten
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Content: This is a poetic rendition of a long sentence in the preface to the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. The prose sentence begins, "Beyond the independence of a little sum laid aside for burial-money, and of a few clapboards around..."

Whitman Archive Title: I call back blunderers
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00250
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4.5 x 19.5 cm pasted to 7 x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The last couple of lines are similar to lines in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: Do I not prove myself
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00251
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8 x 18.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . In language, ideas, and structure, the manuscript most closely resembles lines 39–43 in "Debris," a poem published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass . However, the ideas and some of the language are also similar to other early manuscripts that relate to the first and second poems in the 1855 edition of Leaves , ultimately titled "Song of Myself" and "A Song for Occupations" (see "Priests" [loc.00013], "I know as well as" [duk.00051], and "[Fa]bles, traditions" [duk.00261]). In his transcription of this manuscript, Richard Maurice Bucke combines it with "I ask nobody's faith" (nyp.00102), but the manuscripts do not appear to be continuous ( Notes and Fragments [London, Ontario: A. Talbot & Co., printers, 1899], 25). Poetic lines written on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00568) appeared in the poem eventually titled ""Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: Whatever I say of myself
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00568
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8 x 18.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . Lines from the manuscript appear in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled ""Song of Myself." Poetic lines on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00251) also relate to poems in the 1855 Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: [Never fails]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00253
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 14 x 15 cm, handwritten
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Content: The lines, deleted with a single pencil stroke, appear after revision and expansion to have eventually formed part of section 21 of the cluster "Calamus" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass ; in the 1867 edition this section received the title "That Music Always Round Me."

Whitman Archive Title: My hand will not hurt what
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00254
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 19 x 15.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . Lines in the manuscript are similar to lines that appear in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." The numbers written on the manuscript, along with remnants of paste and binding tape along the margin, suggest that the page likely came from a notebook. Lines similar to the last several in this manuscript were also reworked in the notebook "Talbot Wilson" (loc.00141). Notes written on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00601) also relate to lines in the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: cottonwood
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00601
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 19 x 15.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . Lines in the manuscript are similar to lines in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." The list of flora and fauna could anticipate any number of similar lists in Whitman's writing, but has perhaps the most words in common with a line in the prose preface to the 1855 Leaves of Grass . Poetic lines on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00254) also relate to lines in the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: I am a curse
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00256
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 18.5 x 17.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . It is a draft of lines that appeared in the fourth poem in that edition, eventually titled "The Sleepers." Fragmentary poetic lines on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00602) may relate to the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: His very aches are exstasy
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00602
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 18.5 x 17.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The fragmentary lines may relate to a section on touch included in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." Poetic lines on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00256) relate to lines in the poem eventually titled "The Sleepers."

Whitman Archive Title: Black Lucifer was not dead
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00257
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 10.5 x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was preparing materials for the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . It is a draft of lines that appeared in the fourth poem in that edition, eventually titled "The Sleepers." The word "Sleepchaser's" appears in the upper right corner, perhaps indicating that Whitman was considering a title similar to the 1860–1861 and 1867 title "Sleep-Chasings" even before the poem was first published in 1855, unless this is in fact a reworking of the section for the 1860–1861 edition. The possibility of a post-1855 dating, however, appears to be slight given the similarities of paper choice and inscription techniques among other leaves and similarities to drafts in "Talbot Wilson" (loc.00141), an early Library of Congress notebook. The poem "Sleep-Chasings" eventually became "The Sleepers" in 1871–1872.

Whitman Archive Title: Topple down upon him
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00258
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 15.5 x 19 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was preparing materials for the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . It is a draft of lines that appear in the fourth poem of that edition, eventually titled "The Sleepers." A revised version of the phrase "pennies on their eyes" appears in the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself." Lines on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00566) relate to the poem eventually titled "Faces."

Whitman Archive Title: clearing the way
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00566
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 15.5 x 19 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . It is a draft of lines that appear in the sixth poem in that edition, eventually titled "Faces." Lines on the back of this manuscript leaf relate to the poem eventually titled "The Sleepers."

Whitman Archive Title: The sores on my shoulders
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00260
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8 x 15 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was preparing materials for the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The manuscript is a draft of a section of the fourth poem in that edition, eventually titled "The Sleepers." Lines on the back of this leaf (uva.00565) relate to the manuscript poem "Pictures."

Whitman Archive Title: Hear my fife
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00565
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8 x 15 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the 1850s. The lines are versions of a line in a long manuscript poem titled "Pictures" (yal.00081), which probably dates to the mid- to late 1850s. Based on the first-person perspective in these draft lines, Emory Holloway has speculated that they likely were written after the line in "Pictures" ( Pictures: An Unpublished Poem of Walt Whitman [New York: The June House, 1927], 31). The first several lines of "Pictures" (not including this line) were eventually revised and published as "My Picture-Gallery" in The American in October 1880. The poem was later published in Leaves of Grass as part of the "Autumn Rivulets" cluster. Lines on the back of this leaf (uva.00260) appeared, in revised form, in the poem eventually titled "The Sleepers."

Whitman Archive Title: Where the little musk ox
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00261
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 6 x 19 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . A line from the manuscript appears in the first poem of that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." Lines on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00262) also relate to the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: Who knows that I shall
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00262
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 6 x 19 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . Versions of the manuscript lines appear in the first poem of that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." Lines on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00261) also relate to the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: You there
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00263
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 12.5 x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . It is a draft of lines that appear in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." A series of notes about poetic meter are written on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00603).

Whitman Archive Title: hexameters
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00603
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 12.5 x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: These notes about verse forms are similar to notes in rut.00022 ("dithyrambic trochee"), a manuscript currently housed at Rutgers University. Edward Grier posits that the Rutgers manuscript probably dates to around 1856, when Whitman was pursuing a self-education in poetry ( Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:355–356). These manuscript notes may also date to that period, although the draft lines on the reverse of the leaf, which were probably written before 1855, may suggest a slightly earlier date. Draft lines on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00263) relate to the poem ultimately titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: And their voices
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00264
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4.5 x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The notes were revised and incorporated into the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: The horizon's edge
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00265
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8.5 x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The manuscript includes drafts of lines used in the first and tenth poems in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself" and "There Was a Child Went Forth," respectively.

Whitman Archive Title: Children and maidens
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00266
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 7 x 21 cm, handwritten
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Content: The laid paper was originally the last page of a letter; a few illegible words and part of a signature can be seen dimly through the back of the composite leaf. Whitman wrote his lines on the verso of the page after turning it sideways. These lines have no known relation to any published Whitman poem.

Whitman Archive Title: I am become the poet
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00269
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4 x 14.5 cm pasted to 4.5 x 15 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The first line in this manuscript matches a line in the "Talbot Wilson" notebook (loc.00141, recto leaf 38) and is similar in structure to lines that appeared in the first poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves , eventually titled "Song of Myself." The image of the poet navigating stairs also appears in what would become section 44 of "Song of Myself." Draft lines written on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00600) may also relate to the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: I think I could dash
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00600
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4 x 14.5 cm pasted to 4.5 x 15 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The first line in this manuscript matches a line in the "Talbot Wilson" notebook (loc.00141, recto leaf 38) and is similar in structure to lines that appeared in the first poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves , eventually titled "Song of Myself." The image of the poet navigating stairs also appears in what would become section 44 of "Song of Myself." Draft lines written on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00600) may also relate to the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself." Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The manuscript may relate to a passage about touch that appeared in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." In his transcription of this manuscript, Richard Maurice Bucke included lines at the beginning and end that read: "Yet I strike and dart through . . . . . . " and "I am a creased and cut sea; the furious wind . . . . . ." ( Notes and Fragments [London, Ontario: A. Talbot & Co., printers, 1899], 34–5). These lines do not currently appear on the manuscript. Draft lines written on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00269) relate to lines in the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: American air I have breathed
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00270
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4.5 x 18 cm, handwritten
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Content: Although Whitman did not publish these verses himself, their structure and the type of paper upon which they are inscribed suggest a close relationship with the lines on another manuscript in the University of Virginia collection, which were revised to form part of section 14 of "Chants Democratic" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass , a set of verses eventually transformed into an independent poem under the title "Poets to Come."

Whitman Archive Title: Merely What I tell is
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00271
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4 x 15 cm, handwritten
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Content: These manuscript lines were probably written in the 1850s. They bear a strong resemblance to ideas expressed in the opening lines of poem #14 of "Chants Democratic and Native American," which first appeared in the 1860 Leaves of Grass . The lines eventually became part of the independent poem "Poets to Come." A series of draft lines are written on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00272).

Whitman Archive Title: Merely What I tell is
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00272
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4 x 15 cm, handwritten
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Content: Based on the material written on the back of this leaf, this manuscript was probably written in the 1850s. The lines do not appear to have contributed directly to any of Whitman's published poetry. Draft lines on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00271) probably relate to the poem eventually titled "Poets to Come."

Whitman Archive Title: Can ? make me
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00273
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 6 x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was preparing materials for the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The lines bear some similarity to lines in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." Poetic lines on the back of this leaf (uva.00562) relate to the poem eventually titled "Faces."

Whitman Archive Title: This mouth is pulled by
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00562
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 6 x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was creating material for the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . It is a draft of lines that appear in the sixth poem in that edition, eventually titled ""Faces." Poetic lines on the back of this leaf (uva.00273) may relate to the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: Remember if you are dying
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00278
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8 x 15.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript was probably written between 1850 and 1860. The lines are similar in subject to lines in the poem "To One Shortly To Die," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass . The use of ellipses within poetic lines was characteristic of Whitman's first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass , however, and lines in this manuscript also resemble lines that appeared in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." On the upper right corner of the manuscript appear the words "note last page of 'Ghost-seers'" in Whitman's hand, which may be a reference to one of the two volumes of The Night Side of Nature, Or, Ghosts and Ghost-Seers , by Catherine Crowe (London: T. C. Newby, 1848; G. Routledge & Co., 1852). Whitman mentioned the book in a conversation with Horace Traubel on December 9, 1889 ( With Walt Whitman in Camden , 6:180–2). The phrase "Ghost-seers" also recalls a statement regarding Emerson in "Leaves-Droppings," a section of correspondence and commentary Whitman appended to the 1856 edition: "[Emerson] sees the future of truths as our Spirit-seers discern the future of man..." Fragmentary lines written on the back of this manuscript leaf (uva.00561) were used in the poem eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: halt in the shade
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00561
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8 x 15.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The manuscript fragments of poetry are partial drafts of lines used in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." Lines written on the back of this manuscript (uva.00278) are similar in idea to lines in the poem "To One Shortly To Die," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: and nobody else am the
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00280
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4 x 14.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman probably drafted this manuscript in the early 1850s as he was composing the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The lines were used in the first poem in that edition, eventually titled "Song of Myself." More draft lines of poetry are written on the back of this leaf (uva.00560).

Whitman Archive Title: I must not deceive you
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00560
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1850 and 1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 4 x 14.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript was probably written between 1850 and 1860. The lines were used in the poem "To One Shortly to Die," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass . Draft lines on the back of this leaf (uva.00280) appeared with revisions in the first poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass , eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: [As procreation]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00281
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 6 x 18.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: The ideas expressed in this manuscript may have been used in the 1856 "Poem of Remembrances for A Girl or A Boy of These States," which became the sixth poem in "Chants Democratic and Native American" in 1860. It was subsequently shortened by several stanzas (1867) and retitled (1872) "Think of the Soul" before being excluded from Leaves of Grass with the publication of the 1881 edition.

Whitman Archive Title: [Of your soul I say truths to harmonize]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00282
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 7.5 x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: The verso contains the words "Leaves of" from a title page of the 1855 edition of "Leaves of Grass". The damage to the words "The gripe" in the last line by cutting and the appearance of the tops of other letters above the lower edge suggest that this was the upper section of a larger leaf.

Whitman Archive Title: [Who wills with his own brain]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00283
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 5 x 16 cm, handwritten
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Content: Draft lines of an incomplete poem, of which other parts may have been lost or never written. These lines display some similarities to the eleventh untitled poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass , named "Lesson Poem" in 1856 and finally, beginning with 1871's Passage to India , "Who Learns My Lesson Complete?"

Whitman Archive Title: [Have I]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00284
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: about 1856
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 9 x 18 cm, handwritten
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Content: The words "Have I" at the beginning are inscribed on a small scrap of the same paper, which Whitman pasted over some deleted words in the upper right corner that cannot be discerned through the paper. Inscribed and extensively revised in pencil, these verses were part of a larger set of lines before Whitman cut away the rest. Although the page number and many words on the left side of the proof have been cut away, the remaining words identify it as being from the "Poem of Many in One (1856)," which eventually became "By Blue Ontario's Shore." These unused but also undeleted lines may have been intended for that poem or a number of other poems in Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: [The beef, wheat, and lumber of Chicago]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00285
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: about 1855
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 10.5 x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Although these poetic notes are difficult to date, they may represent an intermediate stage between the 1855 Preface to Leaves of Grass and the 1856 "Poem of Many in One" (eventually "By Blue Ontario's Shore"), which cast many sentences similar to these from the Preface in poetic form.

Whitman Archive Title: [?Poem of different incidents]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00295
Box: 2
Folder: 2
Date: 1850-1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 7.5 cm x 12.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Notes toward a "poem of different incidents," written in ink on pink paper.

Whitman Archive Title: Mothers precede all
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00296
Box: 2
Folder: 2
Date: 1850-1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8 cm x 13.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Pencil on verso of envelope.

Whitman Archive Title: [In Poems]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00297
Box: 2
Folder: 2
Date: 1850-1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 7.5 cm x 15.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Ink on blue paper. Pasted on bottom half of archival leaf. Verso has some notes for poem "[America, so young and so magnificent]."

Whitman Archive Title: [Intersperse here and]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00300
Box: 2
Folder: 2
Date: 1850-1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 5.5 cm x 8 cm, handwritten
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Content: Written in ink. Pasted on top third of archival leaf.

Whitman Archive Title: Poem of Kisses
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00301
Box: 2
Folder: 2
Date: Before 1860
Genre: prose, poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 5 cm x 9.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: The name of the proposed poem, "Poem of Kisses," recalls the title format used in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass . Based on the topic and the manuscript's appearance in Richard Maurice Bucke's Notes and Fragments (1899) with transcriptions of other early manuscripts, Edward Grier speculates that Whitman wrote this before 1860 ( Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 4:1344). This manuscript may relate to "Song In Poem of kisses" (uva.00302).

Whitman Archive Title: In Poem Song of kisses
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00302
Box: 2
Folder: 2
Date: Before 1860
Genre: prose, poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 7.5 cm x 11.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript may relate to "Poem of Kisses" (uva.00301). Based on the handwriting, Edward Grier dates it before 1860 ( Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 4:1345).

Whitman Archive Title: Poem illustrative of the Woman under the 'new dispensation'
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00303
Box: 2
Folder: 2
Date: 1850-1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 17 cm x 16 cm, handwritten
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Content: Notes and trial lines, written in ink, for a poem about the future of women.

Whitman Archive Title: you woman, mother of children
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00137
Box: 2
Folder: 2
Date: Between 1850 and 1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 24.5 cm x 24.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript may have been written in the early 1850s, as Whitman was preparing material for the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass . The language and imagery in the manuscript are similar to language and imagery used in the preface to that edition and in the first poem, eventually titled "Song of Myself."

Whitman Archive Title: The voice is a curious organ
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00477
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 38
Repository Title: Glimpses of Walt Whitman
Date: 1850-1855
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1, handwritten; printed
View Images: 1
Content: This manuscript scrap might be part of the missing page 8 of another manuscript by Whitman, "A Visit to the Opera," held at the Huntington Library . These and other manuscripts about opera singing bear an obvious relationship with the article "The Opera," published in Life Illustrated on November 10, 1855, although the details of the relationship are unclear. For a description of the intricacies of these various manuscripts, see Edward Grier, Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts (New York: New York University Press, 1984) 1:388-398. The manuscript is pasted down, making the verso inaccessible.

Whitman Archive Title: Poem of Names
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00294
Repository Title: "Studies of Womanhood," [ca. 1850–1860]
Date: Between 1850 and 1860
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
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Content: The name of this proposed poem, "Poem of Names," recalls the title phrasing used in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass . It is possible that this manuscript thus dates from before or early in 1856. Edward Grier dates it to the 1850s, based on the handwriting ( Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 4:1310).

Whitman Archive Title: September 11, 12, 13—1850
Whitman Archive ID: hyb.00016
Repository Title: "Walt Whitman: A description of His Birthplace..."
Date: Between 1850 and 1883
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript, consisting of two leaves, features an autobiographical account of Whitman's visit to his birthplace in Huntington, Long Island. Whitman mentions this visit in "The Old Whitman and Van Velsor Cemeteries," an 1881 recollection published in Specimen Days. Although Whitman probably wrote the manuscript during or shortly after the visit in September 1850, he returned to it as late as 1883, adding a note at the end of the piece about the death of his stepuncle (see Edward Grier, Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 1:4). At some point, the leaves of the manuscript became separated, and the first leaf wound up at the University of Virginia and the second at Duke University. We have presented them here as one object.

Whitman Archive Title: A cluster of poems
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00086
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 19
Date: About 1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 19.5 x 15.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains notes for a cluster of poems that Whitman characterizes as being "in the same way as 'Calamus Leaves' expressing the idea and sentiment of Happiness . . . " Whitman's use of the title "Calamus Leaves" on the opposite side, as in some very similar notes currently housed at Duke University, point toward the 1860 cluster "Enfans d'Adam" and dates the notes to some point in the late spring of 1859. On the reverse side of the leaf (uva.00516) are lines that perhaps constitute early notes for the second poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass , a poem that would eventually be titled "A Song for Occupations."

Whitman Archive Title: I subject all the teachings
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00249
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: Between 1854 and 1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 15.5 x 12 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman used language similar to what appears in these manuscript lines in the fifth poem in the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass , eventually titled "I Sing the Body Electric," as well as in the 1856 "Poem of the Road," eventually titled "Song of the Open Road." The manuscript is written on the blank side of an 1850s tax form from the City of Williamsburgh. Scholars, following Fredson Bowers, have generally assumed that Whitman used the Williamsburgh tax forms from 1857 to 1860, while he was working at the Brooklyn Daily Times . The city of Williamsburgh was incorporated with Brooklyn effective January 1855, so the forms would have been obsolete after that date ( Whitman's Manuscripts: Leaves of Grass [1860] [Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1955], xli–xliii). Most of the manuscripts Whitman wrote on the tax forms can be dated to the late 1850s. Bowers also notes, however, that Whitman may have used the forms over a considerable span of time, and that "it is not impossible that Whitman had picked up these tax forms for scrap paper at Rome Brothers at some unknown date in 1854 or early 1855, or later" (xliii). At least two of the tax forms Whitman used were dated 1854 (see, for instance, "Vast national tracts" [loc.05354]), but as Edward Grier points out, this may not correspond to the date of Whitman's writing ( Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts [New York: New York University Press, 1984], 5:1946). Whitman may have found a stack of obsolete Williamsburgh forms in 1857 that included discarded draft forms dated earlier. The manuscript is thus difficult to date conclusively, but it was almost certainly written after 1854 and probably before 1860.

Whitman Archive Title: Inscription
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00060
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 1
Folder: 46
Date: between 1855 and 1867
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 19.5 x 12.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript entitled "Inscription" appears to be a revision of other "Inscriptions" Whitman gathered in a notebook, along with prose drafts for a never-finished introduction to Leaves of Grass, and attached to his copy of the 1855 paper-bound edition. (The entire collection of draft "inscription" and introductory material is currently housed at the New York Public Library.) In the 1867 Leaves of Grass Whitman culled material from this poem and the other "Inscription" poems to create an italicized "Inscription" that he placed before "Starting from Paumanok" at the beginning of the book; in that edition he also transferred part of verse 2 to "As I Sat Alone by Blue Ontario's Shore" (later the line was dropped and the title was revised to "By Blue Ontario's Shore"). From 1872 onward, this poem, revised and retitled "One's-Self I Sing," was printed as the first of several poems in the "Inscriptions" cluster that opened the book. In the 1888 November Boughs , however, Whitman reprinted the 1867 version as "Small the Theme of my Chant." Note: This manuscript draft may have been written before the Civil War, since it does not include the 1867 line "My Days I sing, and the Lands—with interstice I knew / of hapless War."

Whitman Archive Title: As of Forms.
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00124
Box: 1
Folder: 5
Date: between 1856 and 1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21.5 cm x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Manuscript draft of the unpublished poem "As of Forms," which is possibly one of a group of poems Whitman composed prior to the third edition of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: They do not seem to me
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00110
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 2
Folder: 4
Date: about 1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 13 cm x 11.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript is a draft of lines that were published in "Chants Democratic," number 13, in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass . That poem was later revised and published as "Laws for Creations"; however, the lines on this manuscript are a draft of the section of the poem that was deleted after the 1860 publication.

Whitman Archive Title: [To this continent comes the]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00275
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: 1856-1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 10 x 13 cm pasted to 5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: These lines share common ideas expressed throughout Leaves of Grass , especially in many of the new poems to the 1860 edition. The strongest verbal echoes appear in the poem "So long!" which expresses very similar ideas and the common words "menacing" and "offspring." The printed words "Leaves of" appearing on the verso indicate that Whitman composed this draft on a piece of paper cover from the 1855 edition.

Whitman Archive Title: [Ships sail upon the waters]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00276
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: 1856-1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 15.5 x 14.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Part of the word "Leaves" appears in the lower right corner of the verso. On the verso, in blue pencil, appears a note, reading "Drum Taps—City of Ships" which appears to be in Whitman's hand. This may indeed have been a draft of the poem "City of Ships," which first appeared in 1865 as part of the independent publication Drum-Taps , but the similarities to the lines on another manuscript in the University of Virginia collection and lack of references to the Civil War indicate that it was inscribed prior to the publication of the the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: [You are English]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00277
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: 1856-1860
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 10 x 15 cm, handwritten
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Content: An early, partial draft of the poem eventually known as "A Broadway Pageant," first published in the June 27, 1860 issue of the New York Times as "The Errand-Bearers."

Whitman Archive Title: To a Literat
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00114
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 2
Folder: 10
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Content: The first two verses, taken more or less directly from a prose manuscript, "[Of Biography]," have no revisions, but the remaining three verses represent a significant expansion of the themes in the prose notes and are extensively revised. These verses, which precede "[Walt Whitman's law]" in the composition process, correspond, like "[Of Biography]," to section 13 of the 1860 version of the poem "Chants Democratic and Native American" which was revised and permanently retitled "Laws for Creations" in 1872.

Whitman Archive Title: [Walt Whitman's law]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00115
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 2
Folder: 20
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
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Content: This leaf bears the deleted title "To an artist, literat, &c". The first line "Come, I have now to tell you" revises and expands on another manuscript "To a Literat". These lines were eventually revised to form section 13 of the 1860 version of the poem "Chants Democratic" which was revised and permanently retitled "Laws for Creations" in 1872.

Whitman Archive Title: Premonition
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00179
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 33 leaves, handwritten
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Content: Thirty-three manuscript leaves numbered consecutively by Whitman in the lower left corner. "Premonition" was published as the introductory poem to the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass under the title "Proto-Leaf." In the 1867 and later editions it appeared directly after the opening poem "Inscription" as "Starting from Paumanok." On the verso of leaf 15 and part of leaf 16 appears a draft of what would become section 11 of "Calamus" in the 1860 Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: Leaves-Droppings
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00180
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 16 x 10 cm, handwritten
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Content: After being incorporated as the first main section of "Enfans d'Adam" in 1860, this poem received its own title, "To the Garden, the World" in the 1867 Leaves of Grass and retained its position in the "Children of Adam" group.

Whitman Archive Title: You and I
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00181
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 3 leaves, all leaves 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally numbered 84, this poem appeared in the 1860 Leaves of Grass as main section 7 of "Enfans d'Adam," and was retitled within the group "We Two—How Long We Were Fool'd" in 1867.

Whitman Archive Title: [Now the hour has come upon me]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00182
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, leaf 1 18.5 x 16 cm, leaf 2 11 x 16 cm, handwritten
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Content: This poem, numbered 82 in pencil, became main section 8 of "Enfans d'Adam" in 1860, and was permanently retitled within the group "Native Moments" in 1867.

Whitman Archive Title: [Once I passed through a populous]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00183
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 20 x 16 cm, handwritten
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Content: The recto verses appearing on this manuscript became the main section 9 of "Enfans d'Adam" in 1860 and were retitled "Once I Pass'd Through a Populous City" in 1867. On the verso appear two fragments: an undeleted verse that would be used in Satan's section of "Chanting the Square Deific" in "Sequel to Drum-Taps" (1865-66); and what would become section 23 of "Proto-Leaf", which becomes "Starting from Paumanok" in 1867. The undeleted verse is upside-down relative to the deleted section.

Whitman Archive Title: Hindustan
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00184
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 12.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: The number 80 appears above the deleted 79 above the title, along with a pencil question mark in parentheses. This poem was revised to form main section 10 of "Enfans d'Adam" in 1860, and in 1867 was given two new opening lines and retitled "Facing West from California's Shores."

Whitman Archive Title: Calamus—1st draft p. 341 [Long I was held]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00244
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 16 x 10 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1
Content: This manuscript became section 1 of "Calamus" in 1860, and was retitled "In Paths Untrodden" in the 1867 Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: [Was it I who walked the]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00246
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf that folds out, 21.5 x 16 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: These leaves comprise two sections of a poem inscribed (with very few alterations) on the first and third sides of a folded half-sheet of paper. On the first side of the folded leaf a blue pencil was used to correct a pencil number 7 to a 1, and on the third side the blue pencil corrected a pencil 8 to a 2. The five verses beginning "Was it I who walked the / earth..." were not used in "Calamus," but the five lines beginning "Scented herbage of my breast" became the opening verses of section 2 of the cluster in the 1860 Leaves of Grass . In the 1867 and later editions the first line was used as the title of the poem.

Whitman Archive Title: [I do not know whether]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00243
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry, prose
Physical Description: 5 leaves, 20 x 16 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10
Content: The verses on the recto became lines 6-40 of section 2 of "Calamus" in the 1860 edition. Section 2 of the Calamus group was permanently retitled "Scented Herbage of my Breast" in 1867. On the verso appears a draft of an editorial, "Important Questions in Brooklyn.—," which Whitman apparently never published but which seems to have inspired at least two published editorials on the Brooklyn Water Works and the political quarrels surrounding control of the project. The editorials appeared in the Brooklyn Times of March 15 and 16, 1859.

Whitman Archive Title: [These I, singing in spring]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00330
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 4 leaves, 20 x 16 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Content: These leaves comprise four sections of a poem inscribed on the first and third sides of two folded half-sheets (20 x 16 cm) of the same white wove paper used for 1:3:1 and 1:3:2, in the same light brown ink and, like them, with only minor revisions. The pages were folded and pinned together to form a small pamphlet. Pinholes mostly at center-top and in what was the left margin of the pamphlet. The lines on page 1 became verses 1-8 of section 4 of "Calamus." in 1860; page 2 ("Solitary, smelling the earthy/ smell,...") became verses 9-14; page 3 ("Here lilac with a branch of/ pine,") became verses 15-22; and page 4 ("And stems of currants, and/ plum-blows,") became verses 23-28. From 1867 on the poem was titled "These I, Singing in Spring."

Whitman Archive Title: [Of the doubts]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00322
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21.5 x 12 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Content: On two light blue Williamsburgh tax blanks (21.5 x 12 cm), in light brown ink, with minor revisions. A few pinholes at the head and in the center. A blue pencil question mark appears to the left of the first line on the second form. The lines on the first leaf became verses 1-9 of section 7 of "Calamus" in 1860, and the second leaf's lines ("To me all these, and the/ like of these,..."] became verses 10-16. Retitled "Of the Terrible Doubt of Appearances" in 1867.

Whitman Archive Title: [Long I thought that knowledge]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00321
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 3 leaves, leaves 1 and 2 15 x 9.5 cm; leaf 3 6.5 x 9.5 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6
Content: On three pieces of white wove paper (the first two 15 x 9.5 cm, the third 6.5 x 9.5 cm), in black ink, with revisions in the same ink and in pencil. Whitman also penciled in the numbers 7, 8, and 8 1/2 in the lower-left corner of each page. Pinholes at the head and in the center of each page. This was the fifth poem of the original sequence "Live Oak, with Moss"; the poem number is inscribed ornamentally, as with the Roman numerals Whitman used for other "Live Oak" poems, and a wavy line appears after the last verse. The lines on the first leaf became verses 1-5 of section 8 of "Calamus" in 1860; the second leaf's lines ("Take notice, you Kanuck woods") became verses 6-10; and the lines on the half-page ("I am indifferent to my own/ songs—") became verses 11-12. There were no further appearances of this poem during the poet's lifetime, Whitman having canceled it in his "Blue Book Copy" of the 1860 Leaves.

Whitman Archive Title: [Hours continuing long]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00314
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, leaf 1 9.5 x 9 cm; leaf 2 14.5 x 9 cm pasted to 5 x 9.5 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Content: On two pieces of white wove paper, the first cut down to 9.5 x 9 cm and the second comprising two sections (14.5 x 9 and 5 x 9.5 cm) joined by means of a strip of pink paper. In brown-black ink, with revisions in the same ink and in pencil. Pinholes mostly at top and in center of leaves. Whitman penciled in the numbers 11 and 12 (apparently over other numbers) in the lower-left corner of each page; his partly erased pencil note "(finished in/ the other city)" appears on the first page. The ornamental number "VIII" replaces a deleted ornamental "IX" on the first page, and the top of another "IX" appears at the foot of the second page, beneath a wavy line indicating the end of the poem. Whitman removed the lower section of page 2 from the top of current leaf 1:3:33 ("I dreamed in a dream of a/ city..."). This poem, the eighth in the sequence "Live Oak, with Moss," became section 9 of "Calamus" in 1860. This was its only appearance in Leaves . The first page contains what would become verses 1-3 in 1860, and the second ("Hours discouraged, distracted,") contains lines 4-12.

Whitman Archive Title: [You bards of ages hence]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00340
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, leaf 1 8 x 9 cm; leaf 2 14.5 x 9.5 cm pasted to 5.5 x 9.5 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Content: On two sections of white wove paper, the first cut down to 8 x 9 cm and the second a composite of two pieces pasted together, the top measuring 14.5 x 9.5 and the bottom 5.5 x 9.5 cm. In black ink, with a few revisions in the same ink. Pinholes at top and in center of both pages. Whitman numbered the first 9 1/2 and the second 10, in pencil, in the lower-left corner of each leaf. The Roman numeral is inscribed in an ornamental style, and the poem terminates with a wavy line. The seventh poem in the sequence "Live Oak, with Moss," became section 10 of "Calamus" in 1860 and was permanently retitled "Recorders Ages Hence" in 1867. The lines on the first page correspond to verses 1-3 of the 1860 version, and those on the second page ("Publish my name and hang up/ my picture...") to lines 4-11.

Whitman Archive Title: [When I heard at the close of]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00339
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 15 x 9.5 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Content: On two leaves of white wove paper, both measuring 15 x 9.5 cm; the lower half of the second page is pasted over with a section of white paper (8 x 9 cm) containing four revised verses. In black ink, with revisions in the same ink and in pencil. Pinholes mostly at top of both pages. Whitman numbered the pages 4 and 5, in pencil, in their lower-left corners. The third section of "Live Oak, with Moss" (with ornamental Roman numeral), this poem became section 11 of "Calamus" in 1860 and was permanently retitled "When I Heard at the Close of the Day" in 1867. For an earlier draft of the poem numbered V please see the verso of leaves 15-16 of "Premonition" (1:1:15-16). Bowers (p. 88) supplies the three earlier lines concealed by the paste-on revision to the second leaf. The lines on the first page correspond to verses 1-5 of the 1860 version, and those on the second page ("And when I thought how/ my friend,...") to lines 6-13.

Whitman Archive Title: To a new personal admirer
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00332
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, leaf 1 13 x 11.5 cm; leaf 2 20 x 16 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Content: On two pieces of white wove paper, 13 x 11.5 and 20 x 16 cm, in brown-black ink, with substantial revisions in the same ink. Pinholes mostly at center and in left margins of both pages. This poem, featuring a new first line, became section 12 of "Calamus" in 1860; in 1867 Whitman dropped the last 2 1/2 lines and permanently retitled it "Are you the New Person Drawn Toward Me?" The first page contains verses corresponding to lines 2-3 of the 1860 version, and the lines on the second page ("Do you suppose you can easily/ be my lover,...") became verses 4-11.

Whitman Archive Title: Buds
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00308
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On pink leaf (21.5 x 13 cm), in black ink, with minor revisions in the same ink. A few pinholes at top and near center. A pencil question mark appears in parentheses in the upper-right corner. The number 52 appears to have been revised from 51. After adding several verses, Whitman designated this poem section 13 of "Calamus" in the 1860 Leaves , and, after dropping the first two and last three lines of the 1860 version, permanently retitled it "Roots and Leaves Themselves Alone" in 1867.

Whitman Archive Title: Calamus-Leaves
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00310
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 15 x 9 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On white wove leaf, 15 x 9 cm, in black ink, with the title "Live Oak, with Moss" stricken out and "Calamus-Leaves" added in light brown ink, and with one small revision in blue pencil. Whitman numbered this page 1 in pencil. The first section of the original sequence "Live Oak, with Moss," this became section 14 of "Calamus" in 1860 and was permanently retitled "Not Heat Flames up and Consumes" in the 1867 Leaves .

Whitman Archive Title: Confession-Drops
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00311
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21.5 x 12 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: Written on a light blue Williamsburgh tax blank, this poem became section 15 of "Calamus" in 1860, and, with the addition of a new first line, was retitled "Trickle, Drops" in 1867.

Whitman Archive Title: 43—Leaf
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00317
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Content: The original title was "Leaflet." On the second page Whitman added, in a combination of normal and blue pencil, the number 43 (1/2). With the addition of a new first line ("1. Who is now reading this?") the poem became section 16 of "Calamus" in 1860; the lines on the first draft page correspond to verses 2-8 and those on the second page ("Or as if interior in me") to verses 9-10. This was the first and last appearance of the poem during Whitman's lifetime: he rejected it from his "Blue Book Copy" of Leaves of Grass in 1860.

Whitman Archive Title: Poemet
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00325
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Content: On two pink leaves (21 x 13 cm), in black ink, with revisions in the same ink and in light ink. Pinholes in center, at top, and in top-left corner. This poem was originally titled "Leaf" and apparently numbered 78; Whitman inscribed its new title, "Poemet," in light ink. It became number 17 of the "Calamus" cluster in 1860, with the lines on the first leaf corresponding to verses 1-7 and those on the second ("And what I dreamed I will/ henceforth tell...") to verses 8-13 of the first published version. Retitled "Of Him I Love Day and Night" in 1867, it was transferred to the "Whispers of Heavenly Death" cluster in Passage to India in 1871. In 1881 Whitman incorporated it, with the rest of the cluster, in the main body of Leaves .

Whitman Archive Title: City of my walks and joys
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00023
Folder: 50-51
Date: late 1850s
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8.5 x 10 cm pasted to 20 x 16 cm, handwritten
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Content: On a composite leaf consisting of two pieces of white wove paper. The smaller section is pasted over some lines in the top-left corner of the larger piece, from the top of which other lines were cut off. The verses became section 18 of "Calamus" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass ; the poem was permanently titled "City of Orgies" in 1867. On the reverse of the leaf (uva.00583) appears an extensively revised pencil draft of the first poem in "Enfans d'Adam."

Whitman Archive Title: In the garden
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00583
Folder: 50-51
Date: late 1850s
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8.5 x 10 cm pasted to 20 x 16 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: A composite leaf consisting of two pieces of white wove paper that have been pasted together. On the larger piece is an extensively revised pencil draft of the first poem in "Enfans d'Adam." The group first appeared in print in the 1860 Leaves of Grass with this poem as section 1. The poem was permanently titled "To the Garden of the World" in 1867. On the reverse of the leaf (uva.00023) are verses that became section 18 of "Calamus" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass ; the poem was permanently titled "City of Orgies" in 1867.

Whitman Archive Title: [I saw in Louisiana a]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00316
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 15 x 9.5 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On two leaves of white wove paper, both 15 x 9.5 cm, in black ink, with extensive revisions in the same ink, in light brown ink, and in pencil. Pinholes mostly at top and in center of both pages. Whitman numbered the pages 2 and 3 in pencil. This was originally the second section of the sequence "Live Oak, with Moss" (one of the deleted lines reads "I write/ these pieces, and name/ them after it [the Louisiana live-oak];"), with ornamental Roman numeral. It became section 20 of "Calamus" in 1860; the lines on the first manuscript page correspond to verses 1-7, and those on the second ("It is not needed to remind/ me...") to verses 8-13. The poem was retitled "I saw in Louisiana a Live-Oak Growing" in 1867.

Whitman Archive Title: As of Eternity
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00307
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Content: On two leaves of pink paper, both 21 x 13 cm, in black ink, with minor revisions in the same ink. Pinholes mostly in center and at top of both pages. This poem became section 21 of "Calamus" in 1860; the lines on the first manuscript page became verses 1-6, and those on the second ("I hear not the volumes of/ sound merely—...") became 7-9. Retitled "That Music Always Round Me" in 1867, it was transferred in 1871 to the "Whispers of Heavenly Death" cluster in Passage to India. In 1881 Whitman incorporated it, with the rest of the cluster, in the main body of Leaves .

Whitman Archive Title: To A Stranger
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00334
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Content: On two leaves of pink paper, both 21 x 13 cm, in black ink, with revisions in the same ink and in light ink. Pinholes mostly in center and in left margin of each page. This poem was first numbered 94, and the first word was "Stranger"; Whitman penciled in a question mark, in parentheses, next to the title. It was numbered section 22 of "Calamus" in 1860: the lines on the first page correspond to verses 1-6 of the 1860 version, and those on the second ("You give me the pleasure") to verses 7-10. Whitman reintroduced the title "To a Stranger" in the 1867 Leaves .

Whitman Archive Title: [This moment as I sit alone]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00331
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one leaf of white wove paper, in dark brown ink, with revisions in pencil. Pinholes in center and at top. Whitman penciled in the number 6 in the lower-left corner. The fourth poem in the original sequence "Live Oak, with Moss" (with ornamental Roman numeral), it became section 23 of "Calamus" in 1860 and was permanently retitled "This Moment, Yearning and Thoughtful" in 1867.

Whitman Archive Title: Prairie-Grass
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00326
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one leaf of pink paper (21 x 13 cm), in black ink, with revisions in an even blacker ink and in pencil. Pinholes in center. The poem was originally numbered 53. In 1860 Whitman designated it section 25 of "Calamus," transforming the title into a new first line and expanding the original first line into verses 2-4. In 1867 he further revised it, permanently retitling it "The Prairie-Grass Dividing."

Whitman Archive Title: Leaf [O dying! Always dying!]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00319
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21.5 x 12 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one light blue Williamsburgh tax blank (21.5 x 12 cm), in dark brown ink, with revisions in fine pen and pencil. Whitman penciled in a question mark, in parentheses, next to the title. With the addition of the new first line "O love!" this became section 27 of "Calamus" in 1860. In the 1867 Leaves it was retitled "O Living Always—Always Dying!" Whitman next transferred it to the "Passage to India" supplement bound in with Leaves , where it reappeared in 1876; in the 1881 Leaves Whitman permanently added it to the cluster "Whispers of Heavenly Death."

Whitman Archive Title: Leaf [A promise to Indiana]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00318
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 22 x 13 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one leaf of pink paper (22 x 13 cm), in black ink, with revisions in the same ink. Pinholes mostly in center. The original title was "Leaflet," and the original number seems to have been 70. After substantial revision (including the addition of the new first line "A promise and gift to California,") this poem became section 30 of "Calamus" in 1860. Whitman further revised the poem before including it, permanently retitled "A Promise to California," in the 1867 Leaves .

Whitman Archive Title: Leaf [What place is besieged]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00320
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one leaf of pink paper (21.5 x 13 cm), in black ink, with a fair copy of the poem at the bottom of the leaf and a deleted draft featuring heavy revisions in the same ink and in pencil at the top. This poem was originally numbered 68, and its title was "Leaflet—." In 1860 it became the second numbered verse paragraph of section 31 of "Calamus." In 1867 Whitman split up the two paragraphs and made them separate poems; these verses were moved to a position between the "Calamus" and a "Leaves of Grass" cluster and permanently retitled "What Place Is Besieged?" In 1881 the poem was transferred to the cluster "Inscriptions."

Whitman Archive Title: [Here the frailest leaves of me]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00313
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 15 x 9.5 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one leaf of white wove paper (15 x 9.5 cm), in medium-brown ink, with one revision in the same ink. Pinholes mostly at top and in center. The two sets of verses are divided by a short horizontal line. In 1860 the first set, with the addition of a new first line ("Here my last words, and the most baffling,") became section 44 of "Calamus"; the poem was permanently retitled "Here the Frailest Leaves of Me", and the new first line dropped, in 1867. The second set was revised to form section 38 of "Calamus" in 1860; in 1867 it was further revised and retitled "Fast Anchor'd, Eternal, O Love."

Whitman Archive Title: [A leaf for hand-in-hand]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00306
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 14.5 x 9 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one leaf of white wove paper (14.5 x 9 cm), in black ink, with revisions in pencil. Pinholes in center and at top. A blue-pencil number 3 appears in the upper right corner over an erased 9. With substantial additions and revisions this evolved into section 37 of "Calamus" in 1860; after further revision it became "A Leaf for Hand in Hand" in 1867.

Whitman Archive Title: [Earth]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00312
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 14.5 x 9.5 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one leaf of white wove paper (14.5 x 9.5 cm), in brown-black ink, with revisions in lighter ink (including the deletion, undone in 1860, of the phrase "My likeness!" after "Earth!"). Pinholes mostly at top and in center. Whitman penciled in the number 15 in the lower-left corner. Originally poem XI in the sequence "Live Oak, with Moss" (with the Roman numeral ornamentally drawn), this was revised to become section 36 of "Calamus" in 1860. In 1867 Whitman retitled the poem "Earth! My Likeness!"

Whitman Archive Title: [I dreamed in a dream of a]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00315
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 9.5 x 9 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one leaf of white wove paper cut down to 9.5 x 9 cm, in brown-black ink, with revisions in pencil. Pinholes at top and in center. Whitman numbered the leaf 13, in pencil, in the lower-left corner. The excised top portion of the leaf became the bottom section of page 2 of 1:3:11, the poem (eighth in the sequence "Live Oak, with Moss") beginning "Hours continuing long, sore/ and heavy-hearted..." In 1860 this poem was substantially revised to form section 34 of "Calamus"; in 1867 it was retitled "I Dreamed in a Dream."

Whitman Archive Title: [What think you I have]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00338
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 8.5 x 9 cm pasted to 6.5 x 9 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On a composite leaf of white wove paper consisting of two sections (8.5 x 9 and 6.5 x 9 cm) pasted together. Both sections are in black ink but, as Bowers notes, the lower verses were inscribed using a darker, thicker pen; the upper section is unrevised, but the lower section bears several alterations in the original ink. Pinholes at top of both sections and in the current center. Whitman numbered the page 9, in pencil, in the lower-left corner. Originally the sixth section of the sequence "Live Oak, with Moss," this poem was revised to form section 32 of "Calamus" in 1860, and in 1867 was retitled "What Think You I Take My Pen in Hand?"

Whitman Archive Title: [Sometimes]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00328
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 15 x 9.5 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one leaf of white wove paper (15 x 9.5 cm), in light brown ink, with one revision in the same ink. Pinholes at top and in center. A blue pencil mark, possibly the number 4, has been inscribed in the upper right corner. Bowers notes that the page bears the imprint of a papermaker's lozenge die, perhaps that of Platner and Smith of Lee, Massachusetts. This poem became section 39 of "Calamus" in 1860; in 1867 Whitman replaced the third line with a new one and permanently retitled the poem "Sometimes with One I Love."

Whitman Archive Title: [To the young man]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00337
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 15 x 9 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one leaf of white wove paper (15 x 9 cm), in black ink, with revisions in the same ink and in pencil. Whitman also penciled in the page number 16 in the lower-left corner. Pinholes in center and at top. This page bears the same papermaker's mark as 1:3:35. Twelfth in the original sequence "Live Oak, with Moss" (with ornamental Roman numeral), it became section 42 of "Calamus" in 1860. In 1867 Whitman changed the poem to an apostrophe, adding the first line "O Boy of the West!" (later removed) and permanently retitling it "To a Western Boy."

Whitman Archive Title: To One Who Will Understand
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00336
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: On one leaf of pink paper (21.5 x 13 cm), in black ink, with revisions in the same ink, in pencil, and in fine ink (in that order). Pinholes mostly in center. Originally titled "To Those Who Will Understand" and numbered 100 (then 101, then the current ?100 in the fine pen). This was revised to form section 41 of "Calamus" in 1860 and was permanently retitled "Among the Multitude" in the 1867 Leaves .

Whitman Archive Title: [O you whom I often and silently come where you are]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00324
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 14.5 x 9 cm, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Content: On one leaf of white wove paper (14.5 x 9 cm), in brown-black ink, with revisions in the same ink. Pinholes mostly at the top, with a few lower down. The tenth section of the original sequence "Live Oak, with Moss" (with ornamental Roman numeral), this was reformatted and renumbered but otherwise left unrevised as section 43 of "Calamus" in 1860. In 1867 Whitman permanently retitled it "O You Whom I Often and Silently Come."

Whitman Archive Title: [That shadow]
Whitman Archive ID:
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 17 x 9.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: One one leaf of lined light blue wove paper (17 x 9.5 cm), in pencil, with one pencil revision. Only two sets of pinholes, both in center. This was revised to become section 40 of "Calamus" in 1860; in 1867 it was retitled "That Shadow, My Likeness."

Whitman Archive Title: To one a century hence, or any number of centuries hence
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00335
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 10 x 13 cm pasted to 11.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: On one composite leaf of pink paper formed of two sections (10 x 13 and 11.5 x 13 cm) of the same page cut apart and pasted together in a new order. The poem number was originally 101 and then changed to 102; this number was deleted and the current ?101 added in fine pen. Bowers explains that the poem, in two discrete verse sections and inscribed in black ink (with title), originally occupied one full side of this leaf. When Whitman wanted to expand the first section without having to retranscribe the second one, he simply cut the two sections apart, flipped the first section over (turning it upside-down in the process), pasted the second section to the lower edge of the verso of the first section, and wrote his new first section (beginning "Throwing far, throwing over the head/ of death" and incorporating the original title as verse 3) in the blank space now created above the second section. The new first section is written and revised in light ink. As Bradley and Blodgett observe, the words "thirty-eight years old the/ eighty-first year of The States" indicate that Whitman composed the poem in 1857; these were revised to read "I, forty years old the Eighty-third Year of The States" in the 1860 Leaves , in which this poem constituted section 45 of "Calamus." In 1867 Whitman retitled the poem "Full of Life, Now."

Whitman Archive Title: Feuillage
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00185
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 16 leaves, 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: This poem was originally numbered 89. Whitman also numbered each leaf in the lower-left corner in pencil: the leaves follow the order 1-9, 9 1/2 (a full page despite its number), and 10-15. The expression "the Eightieth year of / These States" at the top of leaf 2 indicates that Whitman was working on this poem as early as 1856. It became section 4 of "Chants Democratic" in 1860. In 1867 Whitman ungrouped it and retitled the poem "American Feuillage," a name it kept until being permanently retitled "Our Old Feuillage" in 1881.

Whitman Archive Title: Evolutions
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00187
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 6 leaves, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: On six leaves of pink paper. The deleted title is "Poemet—." "Evolutions.—" is written in light ink, and the number "41—" in a darker ink than the text. Whitman numbered each leaf in pencil in the upper right corner. This poem was first published in the January 14, 1860 issue of the New York Saturday Press under the title "You and Me and To-day," after which it became section 7 of "Chants Democratic" in the 1860 Leaves of Grass . In 1867 Whitman ungrouped it and permanently retitled it "With Antecedents"; in 1881 it was permanently transferred to the new cluster "Birds of Passage." The manuscript leaves correspond to the published verses in the 1860 Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: A Sunset Carol
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00188
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 6 leaves, leaf 1 25.5 x 12.5 cm, leaves 2-6 21.5 x 12.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman numbered each of the six leaves, in pencil, in the upper right corner. In the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass Whitman published this poem as section 8 of "Chants Democratic." In 1867, he gave it the permanent title "Song at Sunset" and moved it to the supplement "Songs Before Parting"; in 1871 it was finally transferred to the cluster "Songs of Parting" within the main body of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: Thought [Of these years I sing]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00189
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, leaf 1 21.5 x 13 cm, leaf 2 18.5 x 12.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman inscribed and circled the note "2d/ piece/ in Book" in the upper-right corner of the first leaf. The small top section is inscribed on the verso of some deleted draft verses excised from "So Long!" "Thought" became section 9 of "Chants Democratic" in 1860. In the 1867 Leaves of Grass Whitman combined it with the second "Thought" to form the poem "Thoughts" in the supplement "Songs Before Parting." (This particular "Thought" was numbered section 1 of the composite poem.) In 1871 "Thoughts" appeared in the cluster "Songs of Parting" within the main body of Leaves of Grass , and in 1881, it achieved its final position within that cluster. These leaves correspond to the verses in the 1860 "Chants Democratic" version.

Whitman Archive Title: Thought [Of closing up my songs by these]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00190
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, leaf 1 9 x 12.5 cm pasted to 17.5 x 13.5 cm, leaf 2 21 x 13.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: The paste-on revision contains an expanded version of the original lines Whitman cut away and apparently discarded. The verso of the paste-on section contains, five undeleted draft lines that would become the final verses of "Proto-Leaf" in the 1860 Leaves of Grass ; Whitman's small note in the lower-right corner, in a semi-circle, reads "end of Poem." These "Thought" lines became section 11 of "Chants Democratic" in 1860. In the 1867 Leaves of Grass Whitman combined it with the second "Thought" to form the poem "Thoughts" in the supplement "Songs Before Parting." In 1871 "Thoughts" appeared in the cluster "Songs of Parting" within the main body of Leaves of Grass , and in 1881, it achieved its final position within that cluster.

Whitman Archive Title: To a Historian
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00191
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 20 x 16 cm pasted to 11 x 16 cm, handwritten
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Content: After undergoing extensive revisions, in 1860 "To a Historian" became section 10 of "Chants Democratic." In 1867 Whitman deleted five verses, transferred the poem to the supplement "Songs Before Parting," and permanently retitled it "To a Historian." It appeared as the fifth poem in the opening cluster "Inscriptions" in the 1872 and all later editions. On the verso appear fragments of pencil notes for a speech or essay Whitman wrote (most likely) in 1856, and revised in 1858, under the working title "Slavery—the Slaveholders—/ —The Constitution—the true America and Americans, the laboring persons—." The verso of another manuscript in this collection entitled "To a Cantatrice.—" contains an additional fragment of these notes.

Whitman Archive Title: Orators
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00193
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 5 leaves, 22 x 13.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: The poem was originally numbered 67, and the partly erased pencil note "Needs to be/ re-written/ or excluded" appears in the upper-right corner of the first leaf. Whitman also numbered the leaves in pencil in their lower-left corners. The leaves correspond to verses in section 12 of "Chants Democratic" in the 1860 Leaves of Grass . After excising and altering numerous verses of the poem and numbering different verse paragraphs for the "Chants Democratic" version, Whitman next made the poem the second numbered section of the last "Leaves of Grass" cluster in the 1867 edition. From 1872 to 1876 it bore the title "To Oratists." Then, in 1881, Whitman deleted several lines, joining this poem with a previously unconnected poem known as "Voices" to form "Vocalism" in the cluster "Autumn Rivulets," a position and identity the now-composite poem retained from that point on.

Whitman Archive Title: American Laws
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00195
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 3 leaves, leaf 1 19.5 x 12.5 cm, leaves 2-3 21.5 x 12.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: A partial horizontal line at the top of the first leaf indicates that Whitman cut away the original title and number. Whitman numbered each leaf in pencil in the lower left corner. These pages were transformed into section 13 of "Chants Democratic" in the 1860 Leaves of Grass . In 1867 it was greatly shortened and transferred to the final "Leaves of Grass" cluster. In 1872 the poem was permanently retitled "Laws for Creations" Its final position was in the cluster "Autumn Rivulets".

Whitman Archive Title: To Poets to Come
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00196
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 20 x 16 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman numbered the inscribed sides of the folded leaf, in pencil, in the upper right corners. Side 1 corresponds to verses 1-9 of section 14 of "Chants Democratic" in the 1860 Leaves of Grass ; side 2 ("I expect that Kanadians,") became verses 10-16 of that version. In 1867 it was shortened to make up section 4 of the final "Leaves of Grass" cluster. In 1872 it was permanently retitled "Poets to Come" and transferred to the cluster "The Answerer," where it stayed until being moved to the "Inscriptions" cluster in 1881.

Whitman Archive Title: Mediums
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00197
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21.5 x 12.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript draft became section 16 of "Chants Democratic" in 1860, with Leaf 1 corresponding to verses 1-6 and Leaf 2 ("They shall train themselves/ to go in public,...") to verses 7-11. In 1867 Whitman restored the title "Mediums"; in 1871, the poem was transferred to Passage to India , and in 1881 took its final position in the cluster "From Noon to Starry Night."

Whitman Archive Title: Wander-Teachers
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00198
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: The poem was originally numbered 50. Whitman penciled in a question mark, in parentheses, in the upper-right corner. This became section 17 of "Chants Democratic" in the 1860 Leaves of Grass , with leaf 1 corresponding to verses 1-6 and leaf 2 ("We confer on equal terms with / each of The States,") to verses 7-13. Although he dropped it from Leaves of Grass in 1867, Whitman nonetheless used the poem, permanently retitled "On Journeys through the States," in Passage to India in 1871. In 1872 and 1876 it appeared in the "Passage to India" annexes to Leaves of Grass and Two Rivulets , respectively, and in the 1881 edition it took its final position in the cluster "Inscriptions."

Whitman Archive Title: Leaf [Me imperturbe!]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00199
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally numbered 73. This poem became section 18 of "Chants Democratic" in 1860; in 1867 it was permanently retitled "Me Imperturbe," and after various repositionings, was finally transferred to the cluster "Inscriptions" in 1881.

Whitman Archive Title: Leaf [I was looking a long while]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00200
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally numbered 75; the pencil title "Leaflet" appears, deleted, in the upper-right corner. This poem became section 19 of "Chants Democratic" in 1860; in 1867 it was permanently retitled "I Was Looking a Long While," and in 1881 was assigned to the cluster "Autumn Rivulets."

Whitman Archive Title: Mouth-Songs
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00201
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally numbered 54 and titled "Leaf.—". The title was next "Songs—always wanted" and then "Mouth-Songs." This poem became section 20 of "Chants Democratic" in 1860, with leaf 1 corresponding to verses 1-6 and leaf 2 ("The delicious singing of the/ mother...") to verses 8-10. In 1867 Whitman revised the first line and permanently retitled the poem "I Hear America Singing"; in 1881 it achieved its final position in the cluster "Inscriptions."

Whitman Archive Title: Confession and Warning
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00202
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 3 leaves, 21.5 x 12 cm, handwritten
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Content: After undergoing substantial deletions and revisions this poem became section 13 of the cluster "Leaves of Grass" in 1860, with the manuscript leaves corresponding to the published version as follows: leaf 1 to numbered verse paragraphs 1 (now beginning "O bitter sprig! Confession sprig!") through 3 and 5; leaf 2 ("You felons on trial in courts,") to 4 and most of 6; and leaf 3 ("And I say I am of them—") to the rest of 6. In 1867 Whitman permanently retitled the poem "You Felons on Trial in Courts" and further shortened it by removing the first three verse paragraphs. The poem's final position, in 1881, was in the cluster "Autumn Rivulets."

Whitman Archive Title: Night on the Prairies
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00203
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 3 leaves, 20 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman cut off and flipped over the top section of the first leaf, gluing it to the rest of the leaf, in order to transform the original first line into the title. (The current verso of the top section still bears, undeleted, the first line "Night on the prairies[,]" along with the title "Leaf.—" and the number 73, originally 72). Whitman deleted the pencil numbers 16, 17, and 18 in the lower-left corner of the leaves, substituting the numbers 1 through 3. This poem became section 15 of the cluster "Leaves of Grass" in 1860. In 1867 Whitman restored the title "Night on the Prairies" and revised the poem, transferring it to the "Leaves of Grass" group. After other repositionings it achieved its current place in the cluster "Whispers of Heavenly Death" in 1881.

Whitman Archive Title: Leaf [Sea-water, and all breathing]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00204
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 22 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: The poem was originally numbered 71 and then modified to 72. These 2 leaves contain verses first published in section 16 of the 1860 Leaves of Grass cluster. In 1867 Whitman transferred this poem to a different "Leaves of Grass" group with the poems that would become "Night on the Prairies" and "I Sit and Look Out." After receiving the title "The World Below the Brine" in the 1871 "Sea-Shore Memories" group of Passage to India , the final change was its transfer to the cluster "Sea Drift" within the main body of Leaves of Grass in 1881.

Whitman Archive Title: Leaf [I sit and look out upon all]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00205
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally numbered 77 and then changed to 78. This became section 17 of the cluster "Leaves of Grass" in the 1860 Leaves . After taking different positions in both the 1867 and 1872, it took its final place in 1881 in the cluster "By the Roadside."

Whitman Archive Title: As of the The Truth
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00206
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 4 leaves, leaf 2 19.5 x 13 cm, all other leaves 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: This poem became section 18 of the cluster "Leaves of Grass" in the 1860 edition. In 1872 the poem received the title "All is Truth," and in 1881, after various repositionings, it was finally transferred to the cluster "From Noon to Starry Night". The second leaf is a composite formed when Whitman deleted and cut away the original first two verses on the leaf, flipped the new small section over and upside-down, pasted it to the foot of the remaining original verses, and inscribed a verse in light ink on the newly created blank space.

Whitman Archive Title: As of Origins
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00208
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, three pasted sections of 6.5 x 13 cm, 8 x 13 cm, and 12.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: This poem became section 19 of the cluster "Leaves of Grass" in the 1860 edition. In 1867 Whitman moved it to a different "Leaves of Grass" group in the "Songs Before Parting" annex. In 1872 it was retitled "Germs" and was ultimately transferred, in 1881, to the cluster "By the Roadside."

Whitman Archive Title: Voices
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00209
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: This poem became section 21 of the cluster "Leaves of Grass" in the 1860 edition. In 1867 Whitman placed it after what would eventually become "All is Truth" and "Germs" as section 3 of a "Leaves of Grass" group in the annex "Songs Before Parting." In 1872 Whitman restored the title "Voices." In 1881 he dropped the first two verses and added "Voices" (as verse paragraph 2) to the previously unrelated poem "To Oratists" to form "Vocalism" in the cluster "Autumn Rivulets".

Whitman Archive Title: Leaf [What am I after all but a]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00210
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: This poem became section 22 of the cluster "Leaves of Grass" in the 1860 edition. In 1867 Whitman dropped the second 1860 verse and made it section 4 of a "Leaves of Grass" group in the annex "Songs Before Parting". Whitman gave it the title "What Am I After All" in Passage to India (1871), and in 1881 it was finally transferred to the cluster "Autumn Rivulets."

Whitman Archive Title: To One Shortly To Die
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00211
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally numbered 95 and then changed to 96. This poem was published under the title "To One Shortly to Die," with only minor revisions, in the 1860 "Messenger Leaves" cluster. In 1871, Whitman made small but significant additions to the poem and transferred it to the supplement "Passage to India." In 1881 it was finally moved to the cluster "Whispers of Heavenly Death."

Whitman Archive Title: To Rich Givers
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00212
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: "To Rich Givers—" was originally numbered 98. In 1860 it formed part of the "Messenger Leaves" cluster under the same title. After being ungrouped (1867) and transferred to the cluster "Songs of Parting" (1872 and 1876), it finally appeared, in 1881, in the cluster "By the Roadside." The deleted verses on the back of the leaf represent an earlier version of the manuscript poem "To the Future," never published by Whitman, and currently housed in the Huntington Library.

Whitman Archive Title: To a Pupil
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00213
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 12 cm, handwritten
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Content: The manuscript bears the title "To a Pupil"; however, the original title seems to have been cut away. This poem was revised somewhat and published under the same title in the "Messenger Leaves" cluster of the 1860 Leaves of Grass . It was ungrouped in 1867, transferred to a "Leaves of Grass" group within the "Passage to India" supplement in 1872 (also 1876), and finally moved to the cluster "Autumn Rivulets" within Leaves of Grass in 1881.

Whitman Archive Title: A Past Presidentiad, and one to come also
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00214
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman wrote and deleted the date 1858 in blue pencil in the upper right corner of the first leaf, and inscribed the same date in normal pencil in the lower left corner of the second leaf. This poem became "To The States, To Identify the 16th, 17th, or 18th Presidentiad" in the cluster "Messenger Leaves" in the 1860 Leaves of Grass . Ungrouped in 1867, it was transferred in 1872 to a "Leaves of Grass" group within the main body. In 1881 it was finally transferred to the cluster "By the Roadside". Images of the versos are unavailable.

Whitman Archive Title: To a Cantatrice
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00215
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 9 x 16 cm, handwritten
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Content: This poem was first titled "To an artist," then "To an architect"; the smudged-out words "Lecture[s] / To" appear in light ink in the upper-left corner. These lines were revised and published under the title "To a Cantatrice" in the "Messenger Leaves" cluster of 1860. After being ungrouped and permanently retitled "To A Certain Cantatrice" in 1867, it was revised for inclusion in the cluster "Songs of Insurrection" in the 1872 and 1876 Leaves of Grass . In 1881 it was finally transferred to the cluster "Inscriptions". On one section of the same leaf of white ruled laid paper used for "To a Historian," and with another fragment of the same pencil draft of the speech or essay "Slavery—the Slaveholders—/ —The Constitution—the/ true America and Ameri-/ cans, the laboring persons.—" on verso.

Whitman Archive Title: To You
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00216
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 9 x 12.5 pasted to 20 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Beneath the pasted-over section can be discerned a second title, also "To You," with the number 91 (mended from 90). In the 1860 Leaves of Grass Whitman divided the poems again, publishing them in reverse order under the same titles at the end of the cluster "Messenger Leaves." Section 1 was eventually published (1881) as one of the poems in the cluster "Inscriptions," but Whitman dropped section 2 from his published poems after an 1876 appearance in the supplement "Passage to India."

Whitman Archive Title: Mannahatta
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00217
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 5 leaves, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: A draft of the poem "Mannahatta." Whitman numbered each leaf in pencil in the lower-left corner. The leaves correspond to various verses in the 1860 edition. In the 1872 edition of Leaves of Grass the poem was transferred to a "Leaves of Grass" cluster, and in 1881 took its final position in the "From Noon to Starry Night" cluster.

Whitman Archive Title: Poem of Joys
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00218
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 20 leaves, 14.5 x 13 cm to 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: These twenty leaves, numbered by a collector, relate to "Poem of Joys," first published in the 1860 Leaves of Grass . The title became "Poems of Joy" in 1867, but reverted to the original title in its next two iterations (in the "Passage to India" supplement of 1872 and 1876). In 1881 it was finally titled "A Song of Joys" and left independent of any cluster.

Whitman Archive Title: France, the 18th Year of These States
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00221
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 5 leaves, 21 x 13 cm to 22.5 x 13.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally numbered 86 and revised by overwriting to 87; Whitman also numbered the leaves 1-5 (in pencil, lower left corner), with the 1 replacing a 6 and the 2 written over what looks like a 7. The leaves correspond to various verses in the 1860 published version "France, The 18th Year of These States". Although Whitman never changed the title, and did not revise the poem much, he did transfer it twice, grouping it in the cluster "Songs of Insurrection" within the main body of Leaves of Grass in 1871 and 1876, and in 1881 finally transferring it to the new cluster "Birds of Passage" within Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: Unnamed Lands
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00222
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 5 leaves, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally numbered 81 and revised by overwriting to 82, with the note "?/(Leaf of)" above the number and title. Whitman numbered the leaves 1-5 in pencil in the lower left corners. The leaves correspond to various numbered sections of the 1860 published version. In the 1872 Leaves of Grass Whitman transferred the poem to a "Leaves of Grass" group, and in 1881 it was finally moved, after several revisions through the different published versions, to the cluster "Autumn Rivulets."

Whitman Archive Title: Kosmos
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00224
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21.5 x 12.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally numbered 55 and revised by overwriting to 56. Leaf 1 corresponds to verses 1-6 of the 1860 version, and the lines on leaf 2 ("Who out of the theory of the/ earth,...") correspond to verses 7-10. Revised very little through the different editions, "Kosmos" appeared in 1872 and 1876 in a "Leaves of Grass" group in the supplement "Passage to India." In 1881 it was finally transferred to the cluster "Autumn Rivulets" within the main body of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: A hand-mirror
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00225
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally titled "Looking-Glass" and numbered 82 and revised by overwriting to 83. The poem remained unchanged and with the same title since its first appearance in the 1860 edition. This poem was titled but ungrouped until 1881, when Whitman finally placed it in the cluster "By the Roadside."

Whitman Archive Title: Savantism
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00226
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: Originally numbered 52 and revised by overwriting to 53. Ungrouped in the 1860 and 1867 Leaves of Grass , the poem "Savantism" was transferred to Passage to India in 1871 and from there to "Leaves of Grass" groups in the "Passage to India" annexes of the 1872 Leaves of Grass and the 1876 Two Rivulets. From there it was moved, finally (in 1881), to the "Inscriptions" cluster within the main body of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: Says
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00227
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 21 x 12.5 cm to 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: These manuscript lines were revised to form numbered sections 1 through 4 of the ungrouped poem "Says" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass . Whitman cut four verse paragraphs from the poem in the 1867 Leaves of Grass version; from that point on the shortened poem appeared, ungrouped, under the title "Suggestions" until its final appearance in 1876.

Whitman Archive Title: Says
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00228
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 12.5 cm to 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: These manuscript lines were revised to form numbered section 5 of the ungrouped poem "Says" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass . Whitman cut four verse paragraphs in the 1867 Leaves of Grass version; from that point on the shortened poem appeared, ungrouped, under the title "Suggestions" until its final appearance in 1876.

Whitman Archive Title: Says
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00229
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 12.5 cm to 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: These manuscript lines were revised to form numbered section 6 of the ungrouped poem "Says" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass . Whitman cut four verse paragraphs in the 1867 Leaves of Grass version; from that point on the shortened poem appeared, ungrouped, under the title "Suggestions" until its final appearance in 1876.

Whitman Archive Title: Says
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00230
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 x 12.5 cm to 21.5 x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: These manuscript lines were revised to form numbered section 7 of the ungrouped poem "Says" in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass . Whitman cut four verse paragraphs in the 1867 Leaves of Grass version; from that point on the shortened poem appeared, ungrouped, under the title "Suggestions" until its final appearance in 1876. The cancelled lines on the top section of the manuscript appear to be a draft of lines that were never published but that bear great resemblance to the various "Thoughts" and "Thought (Of . . .)" poems Whitman published throughout the many editions of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: Nearing Departure
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00231
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 16 x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: Draft of a poem which Whitman titled "Nearing Departure." Whitman retitled the poem "To My Soul" when it was first published, in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass . In 1867 Whitman cut eight lines and revised others, retitling the poem "As Nearing Departure" and moving it to an untitled group of poems in the supplement "Songs Before Parting." In 1872 it was finally retitled "As the Time Draws Nigh" and transferred to the cluster "Songs of Parting" within the main body of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: So Long!
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00232
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 9 leaves, 15 x 9 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman numbered the leaves 75-81 in the upper right corner, with the exception of leaves 6 and 7, which are numbered at top center. In 1860 this was the final poem in Leaves of Grass ; in 1867 Whitman cut twenty-one lines and transferred it to the end of the last Leaves of Grass supplement "Songs of Parting." In 1872, with the transformation of this supplement into the cluster "Songs Before Parting," it was permanently fixed as the final poem in the main body of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: [Full of wickedness]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00267
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 15.5 x 8 cm, handwritten
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Content: The verses on the recto, while not published word-for-word until 1897, seem to represent an early draft of the poem first published as number 13 of the cluster "Leaves of Grass" in the 1860 Leaves of Grass , and eventually titled "You Felons on Trial in Courts." Whitman's careful script and verse forms here also resemble the methods of inscription used for the "Live Oak, with Moss" poems dated to the post-1856, pre-1860 period. The undeleted notes on the back are titled "Poems". A cartoon hand in the left margin points to the phrase "religious emotions." Whitman's use of the title "Calamus Leaves" dates these notes to the same pre-1860 period as the deleted verses on the recto, since "Calamus-Leaves" was what he renamed the cluster "Live Oak, with Moss" before settling on "Calamus" for the 1860 edition. A section of the notes below the rest (beginning "spirituality—the unknown,...") is inscribed in verse form.

Whitman Archive Title: [O I must not forget]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00286
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 14 x 12 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman's use of the tax form and the strong similarity this fragment bears both to the 1856 "Poem of the Road" (later "Song of the Open Road") and to the 1860 "Proto-Leaf" (eventually "Starting from Paumanok") indicate that this may have been a revision of the former poem or, as seems more likely, an early draft of "Proto-Leaf" intended for the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: [Of Biography]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00100
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 64
Repository Title: Of Biography and of all literature and art
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: poetry, prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a note composed around 1857-1859. It contains two phrases ("authors who considered their subject with reference to the ensemble of the world"; "every subject has been made too prononce' ") that are resonant with passages of the poem "Laws for Creation" first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass and later retained in all subsequent editions of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: Brutish human beings
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00085
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 12
Repository Title: Brutish human beings - wild men - the 'koboo'
Date: 1857-1859
Genre: prose, poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten; printed
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Content: This manuscript contains notes by Whitman about what he calls "a very low kind of human beings," "wild men," the "koboo," apparently described to Whitman by Elias Pierson in June 1857. Pierson had been to China in the rebel army of Canton, and had seen the aboriginal "koboo" people, as reported in the manuscript, in the Ladrone islands, in the South China Sea off Canton. To reinforce the truthfulness of Pierson's stories about the "koboo," Whitman mentions the fact that Captain Walter Murray Gibson, who had also talked about the "koboo" people (possibly in the book Report, American Geographical and Statistical Society. Monthly Meeting. March, 1854. Captain Walter M. Gibson on the East Indian Archipelago: a Description of Its Wild Races of Men , published in 1854, and/or in The Prison of Weltevredin, and a Glance at the East Indian Archipelago , published in 1855), had affirmed that all his statements in the book were true and made in good faith. Since the term "koboo" is used by Whitman in "Song of Myself" (the term already appeared in the first published version of the poem, in the 1855 edition, and was retained in all the subsequent editions) and in "Salut au Monde!" (the term appeared in the first published version of the poem in the 1856 edition and was retained in all the subsequent editions), it is probable that Whitman first learned about the "koboo" by reading Gibson, and then heard again about them from Pierson. The manuscript also contains a clipping of a short newspaper column entitled "The Wild Men of Borneo," and a short comment on it.

Whitman Archive Title: Three Verses
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00071
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 2
Folder: 6
Date: 1860s or 1870s
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 22.5 x 13.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript seems to comprise notes and draft lines for two poems: "[One?] Song—Come Philander" and "Three verses." The poems were apparently never further developed and were never published. The leaf has been folded in half, and the verso contains two independent texts. One is a list of names and addresses including family members, friends, and supporters. The other seems to be notes for a newspaper announcement, beginning "Walt Whitman, after an absence of almost three years, appeared again on Pennsylvania Avenue this forenoon." Based on this date it can be speculated that the notes were written late in 1875 (a possibility corroborated by the list of names), but the poem(s) may have been inscribed in the late 1860s or earlier.

Whitman Archive Title: [I go around]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00097
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 45
Repository Title: I go around among these sights...
Date: 1860-1863
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript is possibly an early draft of another manuscript held at the University of Texas-Austin, entitled "The Army Hospitals." That manuscript was used in the first paragraph of the article "The Great Army of the Sick," which was published in the New York Times on February 26, 1863. The contents of both these manuscripts contributed to "Feb. 23," published in Memoranda During the War (1875-1876) and "Patent-Office Hospital" published in Specimen Days in 1882 (later retained in the Complete Prose Works , published in 1892).

Whitman Archive Title: With the sun and sky
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00510
Box: 1
Folder: 38
Repository Title: Glimpses of Walt Whitman from 1877 to '87
Date: Around 1865
Genre: poetry, prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Content: A manuscript containing poetic lines with no known relation to any of Whitman's published work. One of the notes at the bottom of the manuscript, "Photo for Pratt," is likely a reference to Alfred Pratt, a young soldier who Whitman befriended at Armory Square Hospital in Washington, D.C. in 1865. In an August 7, 1865 letter to Whitman , Pratt requests "potographs of Abe and Washington," and in his August 26, 1865 reply to Pratt , Whitman notes that he has sent the picture. If this is the photograph referred to in this manuscript, then the note was written in August 1865, with the poetic lines likely composed slightly earlier (likely the early 1860s). The manuscript is pasted down to a backing sheet, making the verso inaccessible.

Whitman Archive Title: [Who shall tell]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00107
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 62
Repository Title: A Night Battle, Over a Week Since
Date: 1862-1875
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript is a draft of a piece first published as "May 12—A Night Battle, over a week since" in Memoranda During the War in 1876 and later, as "A Night Battle over a Week Since", in Specimen Days & Collect (1882–1883) and in Complete Prose Works (1892).

Whitman Archive Title: [And that was war]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00396
Repository ID: #3829-ac
Box: 1
Folder: 2-a
Repository Title: "And that was war..."
Date: 1862-1876
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a passage about a war night scene of "flitting souls" which would appear, with revisions and additions, with the title of "A Night Battle, Over a Week Since" in Memoranda During the War in 1876 (later retained in Complete Prose Works , published in 1892).

Whitman Archive Title: Memoranda of a Year
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00095
Box: 1
Folder: 57
Date: between 1863 and 1875
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 2, handwritten
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Content: On one side of these leaves is a fragmentary set of notes concerning Whitman's belief that the system whereby U.S. military officers are chosen should be reformed to reflect the nation's democratic spirit. This is an idea that Whitman introduced, although briefly, as early as the 1855 preface to Leaves of Grass, though the present manuscript is most likely related to one or more of Whitman's later, more extended expressions on this topic. The most likely possibility is that these notes represent draft material for the 21 October 1863 letter that Whitman sent to James Redpath, pitching a book idea for his newly established publishing house. On the reverse of the second leaf is a title page mock-up for the proposed book, Memoranda of a Year (1863). Unable to get a publisher for his book at that time, Whitman waited for over a decade to publish Memoranda During the War (1875–76), in which appears a short essay on the topic of military reform, "A New Army Organization Fit for America Needed." Subsequently shortened to a single paragraph when republished in Specimen Days & Collect (1882–83), it was given the slightly altered title "A New Army Organization Fit for America." The present manuscript may also represent draft material that eventuated in a note on the topic that Whitman added to Democratic Vistas (1871) when he created that book-length essay from several earlier pieces.

Whitman Archive Title: [There has been [Washington, Oct. 13, 1863]]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00409
Repository ID: #3829-h
Box: 1
Folder: 48
Repository Title: Last of the War Cases
Date: 1863
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript is a partial draft of "Last of the War Cases," first published in November Boughs in 1888 and later in Complete Prose Works (1892).

Whitman Archive Title: As I Sit in Twilight, Late, or twilight song
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00147
Box: 1
Folder: 4
Date: around 1865 or 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 30 cm x 22 cm, handwritten
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Content: Manuscript draft of the poem "As I Sit in Twilight" which Whitman eventually retitled "A Twilight Song" and published in Century , May 1890.

Whitman Archive Title: [As I sit in twilight alone by the flicker]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00002
Box: 1
Folder: 4
Date: around 1865 or 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 26 cm x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: Manuscript draft of the poem "As I Sit in Twilight" which Whitman eventually retitled "A Twilight Song" and published in Century , May 1890.

Whitman Archive Title: As I sit in twilight
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00003
Box: 1
Folder: 4
Date: around 1865 or 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 27 cm x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: Manuscript draft of the poem "As I Sit in Twilight" which Whitman eventually retitled "A Twilight Song" and published in Century , May 1890.

Whitman Archive Title: Unknown
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00004
Box: 1
Folder: 4
Date: around 1865 or 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 28.5 cm x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Manuscript draft of a poem Whitman titled "Unknown" and which eventually became "A Twilight Song" which was published in Century , May 1890.

Whitman Archive Title: Unknown
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00005
Box: 1
Folder: 4
Date: around 1865 or 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 27.5 cm x 21 cm, handwritten
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Content: Manuscript draft of a poem Whitman titled "Unknown" and which eventually became "A Twilight Song" which was published in Century , May 1890.

Whitman Archive Title: [A Glint inside of Abraham Lincoln]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00406
Repository ID: #9778 item 5
Box: 1
Folder: 39
Repository Title: A Glint inside of Abraham Lincoln's Appointment - one item of many
Date: 22 August 1865
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a large part of the account of Abraham Lincoln's appointment of James Harlan as Secretary of the Interior, which was first published in November Boughs in 1888 with the title of "Small Memoranda" and was later retained the Complete Prose Works , published in 1892.

Whitman Archive Title: A Carol of Harvest, for 1867
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00129
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 1
Folder: 14
Date: 1867
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 29 leaves, 19.5 x 12.5, handwritten
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Content: The poem "A Carol of Harvest for 1867" was published first in The Galaxy , September 1867, and reprinted one month later in Tinsely's Magazine (London). A revised version of the poem was added to Passage to India (1871). The 1881–82 edition of Leaves of Grass includes a further revised version entitled "The Return of the Heroes." These manuscript pages were likely revised prior to the poem's first publication.

Whitman Archive Title: The Soul's Procession
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00121
Repository ID: #5604
Box: 1
Folder: 93
Repository Title: The Soul's Procession
Date: 1869-1871
Genre: poetry, prose
Physical Description: 16 leaves, handwritten; printed
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Content: This handmade notebook contains notes for a projected poem, "The Soul's Procession," as well as a newspaper clipping attached to the third leaf, entitled "The Steamship Pereire Disaster" and dated January 28, 1869. Whitman never finished or published this poem, but various passages are similar to ideas and language in the poem "Passage to India," first published in the 1871-1872 edition of Leaves of Grass and retained in all subsequent editions.

Whitman Archive Title: Song of the Redwood Tree
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00064
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 1
Folder: 90
Date: about 1873
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 20 leaves, 11 x 12.5 cm to 22.5 x 17.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a rough draft of the poem "Song of the Redwood-Tree" written, according to a note intialed by Whitman, during October and November 1873 prior to its first publication in the February 1874 issue of Harper's Magazine . In 1876 the poem was published in the group "Centennial Songs" and annexed to Two Rivulets . The poem appears ungrouped again in Leaves of Grass (1881). Several leaves contain deleted and undeleted titles or variant verse references to other published poems: "Eidólons", "Waves in the Vessel's Wake", "(a sonnet)" written "for Century Verses," which appears from a Library of Congress manuscript to have been a working title of the group that became "Centennial Verses" and "A California song".

Whitman Archive Title: Song of the Redwood Tree
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00067
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 1
Folder: 91
Date: about 1873
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 11 leaves, handwritten
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Content: Written on miscellaneous sheets of paper, including scraps of prose notes and letters, this manuscript contains eleven numbered leaves. Some pieces which were pasted together have been lifted and photographed separately to show lines obscured by the pasted-on scraps. This manuscript contains a rough draft of the poem "Song of the Redwood-Tree" written, according to a note intialed by Whitman, during October and November 1873 prior to its first publication in the February 1874 issue of Harper's Magazine . In 1876 the poem was published in the group "Centennial Songs" and annexed to Two Rivulets . The poem appears ungrouped again in Leaves of Grass (1881). The similarities between this manuscript draft and the Harper's edition of the poem seem to indicate that Whitman revised these pages in preparation for the first publication.

Whitman Archive Title: [Hark! some wild trumpeter]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00098
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 59
Date: about 1872
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 9 leaves, 25 x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: "The Mystic Trumpeter" was first published in the February 1872 issue of The Kansas Magazine , after which Whitman published it in the 1872 book As a Strong Bird on Pinions Free , in the 1876 Two Rivulets , and in the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass . There and in later editions the poem was included in "From Noon to Starry Night." Other drafts of the poem are housed in the Charles E. Feinberg Collection at the Library of Congress, the Trent Memorial Collection at Duke University, and the T.E. Hanley Collection at the University of Texas.

Whitman Archive Title: [The Time and Lands]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00113
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 2
Folder: 8
Date: about 1872
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 18.5 x 18.5 cm to 20 x 18 cm, handwritten
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Content: The first two entries on Leaf 1 appear to contain general notes for a poem; the second entry reads, "Make a demand for the Ideal, (or rather idea of the Ideal of the real)." The lines are followed by the note "in the piece," which leads up to several trial verses eventually incorporated in the second verse paragraph of numbered section 5 of "Thou Mother With Thy Equal Brood." The accompanying leaf contains general notes about creating a song or chant to celebrate America and her "best men." A cartoon hand singles out the lines "All the states / East & west, / north & south / Brotherhood / an equal union" which prefigure the whole poem, but particularly such lines as "South, North, West, East, / (To thy immortal breasts, Mother of All, thy every daughter, / son, endear'd alike, forever equal,)" in the same section projected on Leaf 1. The poem "Thou Mother With Thy Equal Brood" was composed with the title "As a Strong Bird on Pinions Free" and presented as the Dartmouth commencement poem on June 26, 1872. The poem was first published in a volume of the same name with seven other poems also in 1872.

Whitman Archive Title: [Centennial Ed'n]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00163
Repository ID: #3829-a.
Box: 1
Folder: 53
Repository Title: Leaves of Grass & Two Rivulets: Draft of Advertisement for Centennial Edition, 1876
Date: 1870-1876
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript is a draft for the advertisement, with information about price, binding, and contents, for the "Centennial Edition" of Leaves of Grass , published in 1876. The manuscript is almost identical (with the exception of the expression "Italian card" instead of "Italian boards") to a manuscript preserved in Harned collection (see loc.05636 ).

Whitman Archive Title: Sparkles from the Wheel
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00234
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1871
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 25.5 x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: First published not in the 1860 Leaves of Grass , but in the separate publication Passage to India in 1871. Whitman penciled in the note "Long Primer / middling wide measure" in the upper left corner of the first leaf, and on the verso of the second wrote and deleted (also in pencil) the note "The worship of God is, honoring his gifts in other men, each according to his genius, & loving the greatest men best. Those who envy or calumniate great men, hate God William Blake[.]" After being bound with the rest of the Passage to India poems as a supplement to Leaves of Grass , in 1881 the poem was permanently transferred to the cluster Autumn Rivulets within the main body of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: Fables
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00235
Folder: 50-51
Date: 1871
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 23 x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: This poem became numbered verse paragraph 4 of section 2 of the title poem in the separate 1871 publication "Passage to India." In 1881 the poem "Passage to India" was transferred, ungrouped, to the main body of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: [A tip-top caricature of Walt Whitman]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00077
Repository ID: #3829-h
Box: 2
Folder: 9
Repository Title: A tip-top caricature of Walt Whitman
Date: 1871-1872
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Content: This manuscript is a draft of an untitled note that ran in the Washington News and Gossip section of the Evening Star (Washington, D.C.) on November 22, 1872. According to Emory Holloway, the caricature that it describes was printed in the Fifth Avenue Journal in 1872.

Whitman Archive Title: [Of All themes and of each]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00081
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 63
Date: about 1876
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 19.5 cm x 8.5 cm and 5.5 cm x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: The manuscript contains heavily revised draft lines written in pencil beginning "Of all themes and of each." The relationship between the draft lines and Whitman's published verse is unknown.

Whitman Archive Title: Hast never come to thee an hour
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00058
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 1
Folder: 41
Date: late 1870s or early 1880s
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 14 x 22 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains two drafts of the poem "Hast Never Come to Thee an Hour," the first draft having been deleted with two horizontal and two diagonal pencil lines. The partly erased word "Interp[ellation?]" appears in the lower left corner. After further revision the poem appeared for the first time in the 1881 Leaves of Grass , in the cluster "By the Roadside."

Whitman Archive Title: The dalliance of the eagles
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00092
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 23
Date: late 1870s or 1880
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 12 x 19 cm, handwritten
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Content: The poem was first published in the November 1880 issue of Cope's Tobacco Plant and became one of the new poems in the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass , where it appeared in the cluster "By the Roadside." At some point this leaf was pasted to a cardboard print of a photograph of Whitman stamped "Thomas C. Watkins" on the verso, but almost identical to one attributed by Henry Scholey Saunders, author of 100 Walt Whitman Photographs , to the studio of Frederick Gutekunst in Philadelphia, and reproduced in the 1889 pocket edition of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: Two Rivulets
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00072
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 2
Folder: 14
Repository Title: Two Rivulets
Date: 1875-1876
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Content: This manuscript is a draft of the "Preface" to Two Rivulets , published in 1876.

Whitman Archive Title: Songs of Departure
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00069
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 1
Folder: 92
Date: about 1881
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 12 x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript appears to have been a trial cover leaf for the cluster "Songs of Parting," new to the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass . Whitman struck out the words "A few" above the current title, but left undeleted four other possibilities at the top of the leaf: "Songs of Departure/ Departing,/ Termination/ Completion."

Whitman Archive Title: [New York visit]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00480
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 38
Date: 1878
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Content: This manuscript is a draft of "A Poet's Recreation" published in the New York Daily Tribune on July 4, 1878. The essay was reprinted with revisions as "Death of William Cullen Bryant" in Specimen Days in 1882. The manuscript is pasted down, making the verso inaccessible.

Whitman Archive Title: Embers of Ending Day
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00051
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 1
Folder: 31
Date: between 1880 and 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 9.5 cm x 11 cm, handwritten
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Content: The manuscript appears to be a draft of a title or titles. The lines on the manuscript—"Embers of Ending Day," "Embers of day-fires mouldering"—are echoed in the partial line "the embers left from earlier fires" in the poem "Continuities," which was published in the New York Herald on March 20, 1888 and included in the "Sands at Seventy" annex to later printings of Leaves of Grass. On the verso is a note, dated December 28, 1880, confirming a request for a set of Whitmans's books: "Dear Sir, I shall be glad to supply you with a set (Two Volumes) of my books—There is only one kind of binding—Walt Whitman."

Whitman Archive Title: After the Supper and Talk
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00082
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 2
Date: about 1885
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 25 x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: A draft of "After the Supper and Talk". This poem was rejected by Harper's in 1885 but published in Lippincott's Magazine in November 1887, after which it eventually became the final poem in the "First Annex" titled "Sands at Seventy." To the verso are pasted sections 16 and 18-19 of "Poem of Joys" (final title: "A Song of Joys") clipped either from the independent book Passage to India (1871) or from the "Passage to India" supplement to Leaves of Grass.

Whitman Archive Title: [From wooded Maine]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00268
Box: 1
Folder: 88
Date: 1889
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 11 x 18 cm, handwritten
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Content: The verso letter is dated "Aug 14th /89," and asks Whitman to send the unidentified writer a copy of the "latest special edition" of Leaves of Grass . These trial verses became part of "A Twilight Song"—subtitled, "for unknown buried soldiers, North and South"—which was first published in theMay, 1890 Century and then included in the second annex "Good-Bye My Fancy" in the 1892 "deathbed" edition of Leaves .

Whitman Archive Title: [No birth-identity]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00159
Box: 1
Folder: 21; Continuities
Date: around 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 25.5 cm x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft of the poem first published in the New York Herald , March 20, 1888 with the title "Continuities". A note at the bottom of the page states "Sent to H March 17" indicating the draft was likely completed near the time of publication.

Whitman Archive Title: Carols at nearing Seventy
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00158
Box: 1
Folder: 16; Carols Closing Sixty-Nine
Date: around 1887
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 28 cm x 21.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft version of a poem appearing with two alternative titles: "Carols at Nearing Seventy" and "Carols Closing Sixty-Nine". A note at bottom states "Sent to Lippincotts." The poem was first published with the title in the New York Herald , May 21, 1888. In the same year, this poem appears in the annex Sands at Seventy under the title "A Carol Closing Sixty-nine".

Whitman Archive Title: [Simple and Fresh]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00162
Box: 1
Folder: 35; The First Dandelion
Date: around 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 26 cm x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft of a poem first published in the New York Herald , March 12, 1888 entitled "The First Dandelion". A note on the bottom of the page states "sent to Herald March 11" indicating the draft was likely composed around the time of publication. On the verso appears a letter to Whitman from Witcraft dated 3/8/88.

Whitman Archive Title: Old Age's Lambent Peaks
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00164
Box: 1
Folder: 66; Old Age's Lambent Peaks
Date: 1880s
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 25 cm x 20.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft of a poem first printed in the Century , September, 1888 entitled "Old Age's Lambent Peaks". A note in the top margin states: "sent to Century accepted—paid" indicating the draft was likely completed around the time of publication. Thee poem was collected into reprints of Leaves of Grass in the Annex of the 1884-88 editions and in the Birthday edition of 1889.

Whitman Archive Title: [With every heaving wave]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00168
Box: 2
Folder: 25; Sands at Seventy
Date: 1880s
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 24 cm x 14.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft version of the poem "By That Long Scan of Waves" included in the group of poems "Fancies at Navesink". The group was first published in Nineteenth Century , August, 1885.

Whitman Archive Title: [I suppose one can say]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00084
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 10
Repository Title: The Bible as Poetry
Date: 1880-1883
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript is an early draft of the first part of the essay "The Bible as Poetry" published in the Critic on February 3, 1883 and then included, with the same title, in November Boughs , published in 1888 (later retained in the Complete Prose Works , published in 1892). On the verso is a letter from D.W. Zimmerman to Whitman, dated 13 January 1883.

Whitman Archive Title: Out West not Long Since
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00488
Date: 1880-1882
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: currently unavailable
Content: This manuscript is a partial draft of "A Week's Visit to Boston" published in Specimen Days in 1882.

Whitman Archive Title: The Dead Carlyle
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00151
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 25
Repository Title: The Dead Carlyle
Date: 1881
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 3 leaves, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript is a draft of the essay "The Dead Carlyle" printed in the Literary World on February 12, 1881 and, with the slightly different title of "The Death of Carlyle" in the Critic , on February 12, 1881. Parts of the essay were used for "Death of Thomas Carlyle" published in Specimen Days in 1882 (later retained in the Complete Prose Works , published in 1892).

Whitman Archive Title: [The Dead Emerson]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00057
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 1
Folder: 26
Repository Title: The Dead Emerson
Date: 1882
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten; printed
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Content: This manuscript, entitled "The Dead Emerson," contains some handwritten notes about Whitman's last visit (which, according to the manuscript, took place in the winter of 1881) to Ralph Waldo Emerson, and a clipping from a printed piece which is almost equivalent (except for a short phrase) to "A Visit, at the Last, to R. W. Emerson" as published in Specimen Days in 1882 (retained, within Specimen Days and with the same title, in the Complete Prose Works , published in 1892). The clipping included in this manuscript was taken from the section " Emerson as He Looks Today" which appeared within the article "How I Still Get Around at 60, and Take Notes" published in the Critic on December 3, 1881.

Whitman Archive Title: [But outset and sure]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00106
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 85
Date: about 1891
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 17.5 x 21.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains trial verses for the poem "Sail Out for Good, Eidólon Yacht!," first published in the March 1891 issue of Lippincott's Magazine in a group titled "Old-Age Echoes". The top part of this manuscript has been cut away, leaving the emendations to what would become line 5 of the poem only partly visible. Whitman grouped "Sail Out for Good, Eidólon Yacht!" in his "Second Annex," titled "Good-Bye My Fancy", to the 1891 edition of Leaves of Grass . The pencil note "Sail Out for good, Eidólon Yacht / Good Bye My Fancy / Page 7" appears in the lower left corner, below two new drafts of the ending lines.

Whitman Archive Title: How I made a book
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00148
Repository ID: #3829-f
Box: 1
Folder: 43
Repository Title: How I made a book
Date: 1885-1886
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 34 leaves, handwritten; printed
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Content: This manuscript is a draft of the essay "How I Made a Book," published in the Philadelphia Press on July 11, 1886 and later included in Democratic Vistas, and Other Papers published in 1888. The manuscript also contains two clippings (with handwritten revisions) of the essay "A Backward Glance on My Own Road," published in the Critic on January 5, 1884. (This latter essay was revised and also included in Democratic Vistas, and Other Papers published in 1888). "How I Made a Book," "A Backward Glance on my Own Road" and "My Book and I" (which was published in Lippincott's Magazine on January 1887 and later included in Democratic Vistas, and Other Papers published in 1888) all contributed to form the essay "A Backward Glance O'er Travel'd Roads" which was published in November Boughs in 1888 and later retained in the 1892 edition of Leaves of Grass .

Whitman Archive Title: [Lo, where arise three peerless stars]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00112
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 1
Folder: 55
Date: 1886
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 25 x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript is a signed fair copy of three verses from numbered section 6 of the 1881 Leaves of Grass version of a poem published under the title "Thou Mother with Thy Equal Brood"; his note " Leaves of Grass / page 350," corresponding to the pagination of the 1881 edition, appears beneath the lines. Whitman seems to have prepared this copy for an admirer, with his signature appearing in huge letters above the lines "Camden New Jersey / April 19 1886—."

Whitman Archive Title: [Time always without break]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00118
Repository ID: #3839-j
Box: 2
Folder: 7
Date: 1887
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 28 x 21.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains two lines from Whitman's poem "Song of the Answerer." This fair copy was evidently made for an admirer: it includes Whitman's autograph in large letters above the lines "Camden New Jersey / March 14 1887—." The lines from the poem are quoted without revision from the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass , followed by the citation "(L of Grass—p 137)," which refers to the 1881 system of pagination. These lines come from the first verse paragraph of section 2 of the poem. This section began as the independent composition "19—Poem of The Singers, and of The Words of Poems" in 1856, after which it underwent various changes in content, title, and position until being joined with "Now List to My Morning Romanza" in 1881.

Whitman Archive Title: A Carol-Cluster at 69
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00157
Box: 1
Folder: 15; A Carol-Cluster at 69
Date: 1887
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 21 cm x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft version of a poem entitled "A Carol-Cluster at 69" which was likely composed and edited around the time of its first publication in the New York Herald , May 21, 1888. In the same year, this poem appears in the annex Sands at Seventy under the title "A Carol Closing Sixty-nine".

Whitman Archive Title: [To-day]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00169
Box: 1
Folder: 71; Orange Buds by Mail from Florida 3 copies
Date: 1887
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
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Content: Manuscript draft of a poem first appearing in print in the New York Herald , April 23, 1888 entitled "To-day and Thee". A note in the top margin: "sent April 21 to Herald" indicates that the draft was likely completed around the time of publication.

Whitman Archive Title: Orange buds by mail
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00165
Box: 1
Folder: 71; Orange Buds by Mail from Florida 3 copies
Date: 1887
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 14.5 cm x 24 cm, handwritten
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Content: A manuscript draft of the poem eventually titled "Orange Buds by Mail from Florida" and first published in the New York Herald , March 19, 1888.

Whitman Archive Title: Orange Buds by Mail from Florida
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00001
Box: 1
Folder: 71; Orange Buds by Mail from Florida 3 copies
Date: 1887
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 15.5 cm x 32.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft version of the note that appears in brackets before the start of the poem titled "Orange Buds by Mail from Florida" and first published in the New York Herald , March 19, 1888. A note at the bottom of the page states: "Sent to H March 17" indicating the draft was likely completed around the time of publication. On the verso the words "Walt Whitman" and "Camden New Jersey" are written in an unknown hand.

Whitman Archive Title: A Prairie Sunset
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00167
Box: 1
Folder: 79; A Prairie Sunset
Date: early 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 14 cm x 21 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft of the poem titled "A Prairie Sunset" first published in the New York Herald , March 9, 1888. A note at the top states: "sent to Herald March 2" indicating the draft was likely completed around the time of publication.

Whitman Archive Title: [Camden March 18]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00475
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 2
Folder: 72
Repository Title: J.B. Gilder to [Walt] Whitman, 1887 March 17
Date: 1887
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Content: This manuscript is a response to a letter of March 17, 1887 from Joseph B. Gilder, editor of the Critic . In the letter, Gilder asked Whitman if he agreed to publish a short note about the letter that the poet had recently received from Alfred Tennyson. (Tennyson had responded to Whitman's "A Word About Tennyson," published in the Critic on January 1, 1887). Whitman agreed to the publication of such a note, followed by his ideas on how to phrase it. The note, based closely on Whitman's suggested phrasing, was published first in the Critic on March 26, 1887 and then in The Literary World on April 8, 1887.

Whitman Archive Title: Broadway
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00156
Box: 1
Folder: 13; Broadway
Date: 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 22.5 cm x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft version of the poem "Broadway". A note appearing at the top of the page states "Sent Herald March 3—sent again April 9 '88" indicating that this manuscript was likely composed and/or edited around the time of its first publication in the New York Herald , April 10, 1888.

Whitman Archive Title: The Dead Emperor
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00160
Box: 1
Folder: 27; The Dead Emperor
Date: 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 11 cm x 21 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft of a poem first published in the New York Herald , March 10, 1888 entitled "The Dead Emperor". A note at top of the page states "sent Herald March 8" indicating that the draft was likely composed around the time of publication. On the verso appears part of a letter with Houghton Mifflin Publishers letterhead.

Whitman Archive Title: Paumanok
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00166
Box: 1
Folder: 75; Paumanok
Date: early 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 14 cm x 20 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft of the poem titled "Paumanok" first published in the New York Herald , February 29, 1888. Notes at the top state "pub'd" and "personal." A note at the bottom states "sent to Herald Feb 27 '88" indicating the draft was likely completed around the time of publication.

Whitman Archive Title: The Wallabout Martyrs
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00171
Box: 2
Folder: 17; The Wallabout Martyrs
Date: 1888
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 11.5 cm x 20.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a draft version of the poem "The Wallabout Martyrs" first published in the New York Herald , March 16, 1888. A note at the bottom states: "sent to Herald March 11" indicating the draft was likely completed around the time of publication. On the verso of the leaves appear scraps of a letter and an envelope addressed to Whitman in Camden.

Whitman Archive Title: [Elias Hicks]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00055
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 1
Folder: 30
Repository Title: Elias Hicks
Date: 1888
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 5 leaves, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains a biographical note about the religious leader and abolitionist Elias Hicks (1748-1830). Parts of this note would be published in "Notes (Such as They Are) Founded on Elias Hicks" in November Boughs in 1888 and was later retained in the Complete Prose Works , published in 1892.

Whitman Archive Title: Death's Valley
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00073
Repository ID: #3829-w
Box: 1
Folder: 28
Date: about 1889
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 35.5 x 21.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: Whitman's correspondence indicates that the poem was written and sold to Harper's New Monthly Magazine in 1889, although it did not appear there until April 1892, after the poet's death. Whitman originally included the poem in his 1891 manuscript for the "Good-Bye My Fancy" annex to Leaves of Grass (1891–92), and Traubel grouped it in the cluster "Old Age Echoes," which he added to Leaves of Grass in 1897. The Harper's printing included an engraving, "The Valley of the Shadow of Death," by American painter George Inness, which appeared facing the poem. On the verso appear the notes "Death's Valley" (twice) and "Magazine/ April, 1892" in, possibly, Whitman executor Horace Traubel's hand.

Whitman Archive Title: [Walt Whitman is putting the later touches]
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00395
Repository ID: #3829-i
Box: 2
Folder: 19
Repository Title: Walt Whitman is putting the later touches...
Date: 1890
Genre: prose
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains part of an autobiographical sketch on the composition of Good-bye My Fancy . At the top left of the manuscript is the date November 10, 1890. A paragraph based on this draft was published in the Critic on November 29, 1890 along with many similar notes about other authors under the heading "Of Making Many Books." On the verso of the manuscript is the letter from the editors of the Critic , dated November 1, 1890, in which they solicited Whitman's contribution.

Whitman Archive Title: A Thought of Columbus
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00070
Repository ID: #3829
Box: 2
Folder: 5
Date: 1891
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 12.5 cm x 25 cm, handwritten
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Content: A draft of "A Thought of Columbus," a poem first published on July 16, 1892, in Once a Week , accompanied by Horace Traubel's account of its composition, called "Walt Whitman's Last Poem." This manuscript is a draft of only the first six lines and is dated 1891.

Whitman Archive Title: Old Age Echoes
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00152
Box: 1
Folder: 65
Date: 1891
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 52.5 cm x 21.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: The general title, "Old Age Echoes," appears at the top of the page. Beneath that title are two poems with individual titles: "Sounds of the Winter" and "The Unexpress'd." Pasted to the leaf below the second poem is a woodcut engraving of Whitman along with his autograph. The untitled lines directly following the picture and autograph eventually become the poem titled "After the Argument." The three poems were first published together in Lippincott's Magazine, March 1891, under the general title "Old Age Echoes."

Whitman Archive Title: You tides with ceaseless swell
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00140
Box: 2
Folder: 26
Date: 1888-1889
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 1 leaf, 25 cm x 19.5 cm, handwritten
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Content: One leaf in ink on lined paper with pencil revisions. This poem "You Tides with Ceaseless Swell" was first published as part of the "Fancies at Navesink" group in Nineteenth Century , August 1885.

Whitman Archive Title: Sea-Drift
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00135
Box: 1
Folder: 86
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 20 leaves, 20 cm x 12 cm, corrected proofs
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Content: Revision of poem cluster originally titled "Sea-Shore Memories" contained in red bound volume measuring 26 cm x 18 cm. Revisions are made in ink and pencil on printed edition of the poem. WW apparently used two volumes to tear the leaves from, as every other page is slightly smaller than the rest; revisions are made only on the recto side of each leaf, verso is crossed out. Several leaves are cut apart and pasted in new order on other leaves or on lined paper. Leaf 8 is a handwritten MS.

Whitman Archive Title: Song of the Broad-Axe
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00141
Box: 1
Folder: 89
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 23 leaves; 20 leaves, 20 cm x 12 cm, corrected proofs
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Content: Revision of poem cluster "Song of the Broad-Axe" contained in red slipcase measuring 24 cm x 15 cm. Revisions are made in ink and blue pencil on printed edition of the poem. WW apparently used two volumes to tear the leaves from, as every other page is slightly smaller than the rest, revisions are made only on the recto side of each leaf, and verso is crossed out.

Whitman Archive Title: To an Exclusive
Whitman Archive ID: uva.00139
Box: 2
Folder: 11
Genre: poetry
Physical Description: 2 leaves, 20.5 cm x 13 cm, handwritten
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Content: This manuscript contains lines of an unpublished poem comparing the power of the voice of the poet and the common man to the "Exclusive." Whitman challenges future generations to follow his lead in representing those who remain unheard and to "respond to whatever needs response" at that time. The verso of the second leaf is an ordered list of poems beginning with "33 A Handful of Air" and ending with "72 Leaf."

Catalog of the Walt Whitman Literary Manuscripts at the Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia

Individual items at this repository