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Whitman's activi ties as a nurse during the Civil War were described as an apostolate.

Whitman was a rough-hewn giant, but it seems that as a nurse to the sick who were closest to death, he

At the end of the war, it is said, he must have nursed with his own hands more than 100,000 sick and

6os, just after thLeaves had ap peared, he spent the Civil War on the battlefield and worked as a nurse

Walt came to the field hospital and tookpart in the war as nurse or actually more as comforter and, he

argue—I bend my head close, and half- envelop it, I sit quietly by—I remain faithful, I am more than nurse

abandonments;' but in 1862, on the breaking out of the Civil War, he undertook the (gratuitous) service of nursing

During his life he has worked as printer, carpenter, school-teacher, army-nurse, and clerk in the office

pioneer in the backwoods, a tramway conductor in New York, a soldier in the great civil war, a hospital nurse

be found in these random and fugitive papers, some of them recording his experiences as a hospital nurse

Whitman did good service as nurse and attendant in those trying days, and relates scores of pathetic

was his occupation until the outbreak of the great civil war in 1862, when he undertook the duty of nursing

As a hospital nurse, Whitman proved the nobleness of his nature by his untiring devotion to the sick

States and principal cities, North and South—went to the front (moving about and occupied as army nurse

Let him who can do so shroud the eyes of the nursing babe lest it should see its mother's breast. . .

I called the doctor's atttention to him, shook up the nurses, had him bathed in spirits, gave him lumps

On the way back, he stopped at Sterling, Kansas, to visit a Civil War veteran whom he had nursed in a

His friends came to his aid and furnished the services of a male nurse so that, after a fashion, he was

His first nurse was a medical student, Eddie Wilkins; he was succeeded by Frank Warren Fritzinger, a

On Whitman’s years in Washington and his role as a “nurse,” see, for example, Peter Coviello’s introduction

winter of '63 and '64 recur very vividly to memory; his meeting soldiers on the street whom he had nursed

His three years nursing in the Washington hospitals were surely heroic in humanitarian terms.

Not to be omitted are Whitman's accounts of his days spent nursing the wounded and dying Civil War soldiers

He stayed in Washington during and after the Civil War, serving first as a volunteer nurse in the hospitals

this job enabled Whitman to write his poetry and, at the same time, perform his ministrations as a nurse

aged black woman is “hardly human” and is desexualized like other aged black women he approved of as nurses

definite plans at that time, or for long afterwards; but attention to the Brooklyn friends led to nursing

(ww, 35) Bucke’s account depicts a family crisis as instigating Whitman’s wartime nursing.

Burroughs’s account of Whitman’s Civil War nursing is even more extravagant.

247, 249 movement, 307; and Calhoun, Civil War, 261, 364 76; and democracy, 42–46; and Civil War nursing

thesearticlessupportedasocialist-humanitarianand pacifistreadingofWhitman,andtheyshowedacontinuingadmirationfor the poet’s nursing

Reefy, "[l]ike Walt Whitman," was a nurse in the Civil War (330).

lastbreathsothattheirdeadwillcontinuetobehuman—notjustchunksofmeat, but bodies that are cherished, nursed

Journal on two cassettes (Audio Scholar), a spoken word Whitman autobiography describing his life as nurse

journalist, and, most significantly, as onewho had seen so much of the misery of the war while serving as a nurse

Mr.Gilder’s request I write to ask if you would not write us a short, comprehensive paper on Hospital Nursing

served as matron of Sing Sing prison for four years (1844–1848), worked at the Perkins Institution, nursed

Later, on a day trip with Douglas, Paschal, her son, and the slave Sophy who was his nurse, Douglas presented

of the American people—in a Massachusetts soldier returning from Andersonville, in an Armory Square nurse

Robert LeighDavisCivil War NursingCivil War NursingMilitary nursing in 1861 was a brutal and haphazard

women for an army nursing corps.

Ordered to Care: The Dilemma of American Nursing, 1850-1945. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1987. 

"The War Within a War: Women Nurses in the Union Army." Civil War History 18 (1972): 197-212. 

Civil War Nursing

shorter poems in the "Sea-Drift" section of Leaves of Grass, the sea is personified as an old mother or nurse

Whitman on the Camden wharf with Warren Fritzinger, who was his nurse and companion during the last three

Let him who can do so, shroud the eyes of the nursing babe lest it should see its mother's breast.

where for the next ten years (punctuated by trips back to Brooklyn) he lived and worked as volunteer nurse

heregardedfarmersin the rural areas and workers in the coal pits, respectively, as the nurses of humanity

the planter's son returning after a long absence, joyfullywelcomed and kissed by the aged mulatto nurse

Miss But ton [Whitman's next-door neighbor] told an anecdote ofWhitman, when an army nurse in Washington

identity, from the young New York reporter/flâneur to the working class rough to the careworn Civil War nurse

in hospitals becoming words, occasionally literally stained by the blood of the young men he was nursing

the years after the war, many successful reminiscences of Civil War hospitals, written mostly by nurses

aware that there was a market for such books, but his, of course, would be something different from a nursing

Whitman discovers a way to give eternal meaning to that slaughter of young men, many of whom he had nursed

forlorn Whitman, one reduced to a few short lines written at brief intervals as he continues his labors nursing

Claiming that he is "more than nurse," "more than parent or neighbor," Whitman approaches the reader,

nature of physical existence, a theme he was about to experience in all of its loathsome reality as he nursed

There are two good women nurses, one on each side.

One of the nurses constantly fanshim,foritisfearfullyhot.Heaskstoberais’dup,andtheyputhiminahalf- sitting

Warren Fritzinger, WW’s male nurse. 2.

butwithnormalmentalityandgoodright-armpower.Heyetlivesinhiscottage,withhousekeeper 108 T H E C O L L E C T E D W R I T I N G S O F WA L T W H I T M A N and nurse

the violet: / Humility is the fair-haired maid, that calleth Worth her brother, / the gentle silent nurse

He boasted to one of his younger correspondents, a soldier he had nursed during the war years, that he

In the conservatives’ most extreme warnings, the benighted citizen nurses his parochial and selfish hatreds

He then goes on to show-and emphasize-how Whitman entered the Civil War as a volunteerand a nurse.

The image of Whitman as nurse and wound-dresser who, through his mere presence, helped wounded soldiers

The nursing myth has been carried to its greatest extreme: at sundown Whitman was crying(!)

essence pacifist war W HITM AN ON THE RIGHT poetry (supported biographicallythrough his work as a nurse

Whitman's much-praised efforts in nursing wounded soldiers were denounced as the lecherous pursuits ofa

The biographer Paul Zweig sees in Whitman's ability to touch and comfort soldiers—Whitman nursed and

perceptively points out that prior to the cataclysm of the Civil War and Whitman's active involvement in nursing

for the poet the dominating metaphor for the war is a hospital, filled with injured men who must be nursed

Its narrator takes on the role of nurse, attendant to the sufferings of injured soldiers.

was introduced in the Congress to give Whitman a twenty-five-dollar a month pension for his work nursing

writes publicly acceptable poems of American patriotism so dear to the father's heart, Whitman the male nurse

in Whitman's life and work, foremost among them the continued failure of his book, his Civil War nursing

Immediately after, he moved to Washington, where he took on the role of a volunteer day nurse, visiting

The speaker then describes “The women volunteering for nurses—the work begun for, in earnest—no mere

So for the next three years, he volunteered his services as a nurse, swapping out ban dages, comforting

time-space oftherecruitmentpoems(“Drum-Taps,”“FirstOSongsforaPrelude”) and in thevivid memories ofaged nurses

in the structure of historical time, we gaze at the stars.Or wewait, or we march.Or we see Whitman nursing

One imagines that burly tenderness of the man who went to supply the "——lack of woman's nursing" that

The two men met early in 1863 while Whitman was nursing Sawyer's friend Lewy Brown, and soon Whitman

Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) was in charge of nursing in the military hospitals at Scutari, Turkey