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Here, our latter-day poets are apt to whine over the times, as if Heaven were perpetually betraying the

the most amazing, one of the most startling, one of the most perplexing, creations of the modern American

with which Walt can paint the unhackneyed scenery of his native land, we subjoin a panorama:— By the city's

the Molly Maguires, the great railroad strike of 1877, the use of federal troops against civilian Americans

, the riots of the unemployed in Tompkins Square, New York, and, in Whitman's home city of Camden, the

sufferings of working people, Whitman had come to fear that the intractable problems of the Old World were

entry from February 1879 in which Whitman is astonished by the sight of three "quite good-looking American

Chants Democratic: New York City & the Rise of the American Working Class, 1788–1850.

tramp & strike questionsabout 1882prose1 leafhandwritten; This page of notes about the problems of American

Trall, a hydropathic physician, established the first water-cure establishment in New York City (1844

Dictionary of American Medical Biography. Ed. Martin Kaufman et al.

The lines were written while Whitman was reading The Oregon Trail by Francis Parkman, for he has noted

never contemplate the tumultuous scene without feeling that here lies the true grandeur of the Empire City—the

old resident of this Isthmus, but, a New Yorker by birth and education, I am, I trust, a thorough American

, (of which I will send you an unbound copy, having at present none other) and hope I am a "live American

See "Notes on Whitman's Reading," American Literature 26 (November 1954): 352.

See "Notes on Whitman's Reading," American Literature 26 (November 1954): 352.; Transcribed from digital

to Congress a message covering a despatch from Governor Cumming announcing his entry into Salt Lake City

It is stated that the Mormon settlements were broken up, and the inhabitants moving south, in the direction

See Joann Krieg, Walt Whitman and the Irish (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press), 40-45.

Morris (1808–1855) was the Democratic candidate and the incumbent for the New York City Mayoral election

Its Religious Discontents, 1805-1840," American Education History Journal 37, no. 2 (2010): 455–471.

Belohlavek, "John Tyler: The Accidental President," The Journal of American History 93, no. 4 (2007):

According to the 1841 Journal of the American Temperance Union , regular meetings were held at Washington

See Joann Krieg, Walt Whitman and the Irish (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press), 40-45.

Morris (1808–1855) was the Democratic candidate and the incumbent for the New York City Mayoral election

Its Religious Discontents, 1805-1840," American Education History Journal 37, no. 2 (2010): 455–471.

Belohlavek, "John Tyler: The Accidental President," The Journal of American History 93, no. 4 (2007):

According to the 1841 Journal of the American Temperance Union, regular meetings were held at Washington

Man of cities!

They had no acquaintance; and to beg they were ashamed.

her faculties were becoming dim.

When she did, her first efforts were essayed to reach Gilbert's grave.

Without doubt she wished many times that she were laid beside him.

This tale is the fourth of nine short stories by Whitman that were published for the first time in The

"; Transcribed from digital images of an original issue held at the American Antiquarian Society.

In this well-balanced story, the frets of city life are opposed to the peacefulness of country living

Tired and sullen, he returned home from a short visit to New York City.

She and her husband were miserably poor and, as foreigners from the West Indies, unwelcome.

Lines from this manuscript were published posthumously as [Glad the Jaunts for the Known].

two-line fragment, appears in the "Inscriptions" section of the final edition; the second appeared in the 1860

on each of his individual readers to bring to completion, or, as he puts it in "Full of Life Now" (1860

You," suggesting that the nimbus image in this poem marks Whitman's debt to the Luminist school of American

contains a list of trial titles, probably for the poem first published as Calamus 15 in Leaves of Grass (1860

In the 1860 Leaves of Grass Whitman divided the poems again, publishing them in reverse order under the

American masses!

Were all educations, practical and ornamental, well display'd out of me, what would it amount to?

Were I as the head teacher, charitable proprietor, wise statesman, what would it amount to?

Were I to you as the boss employing and paying you, would that satisfy you?

Congress convenes every Twelfth-month for you; Laws, courts, the forming of States, the charters of cities

[To What You Said] bears a strong relationship to the Calamus poems that were composed between 1857-1860

It's so American.

and free copies were given to the American Armed forces during World War II.

Sexual passing is at the heart of the poem eventually entitled "Once I Pass'd through a Populous City

culture, asserting that the real, pure, or true Americans were Anglo-Saxons.

For most of Whitman's career, and the beginning of Wharton's career, the great American authors were

share common ideas expressed throughout Leaves of Grass, especially in many of the new poems to the 1860

especially Asselineau), concerned with Whitman's early explorations of "problems" of evil and death (1855–1860

Originally untitled, it was named "Burial Poem" in 1856, became "Burial" in 1860 and 1867, and "To Think

best, regardless of time" (section 8, 1855 Leaves)—that is, immortality.Finally, as an effective American

To think that the sun rose in the east—that men and women were flexible, real, alive—that every thing

To think the thought of death merged in the thought of materials, To think of all these wonders of city

To think how much pleasure there is, Do you enjoy yourself in the city? or engaged in business?

7 It is not to diffuse you that you were born of your mother and father, it is to identify you, It is

The threads that were spun are gather'd, the weft crosses the warp, the pattern is systematic.

To think that the sun rose in the east—that men and women were flexible, real, alive—that every thing

To think the thought of death merged in the thought of materials, To think of all these wonders of city

To think how much pleasure there is, Do you enjoy yourself in the city? or engaged in business?

7 It is not to diffuse you that you were born of your mother and father, it is to identify you, It is

The threads that were spun are gather'd, the weft crosses the warp, the pattern is systematic.

Notes and Fragments Whitman defined the term "good old cause," which also resonated strongly in American

growing out of the Revolutionary War but the necessity for union affirmed by the recently concluded American

American Literature 34 (1962): 400–403.Whitman, Walt.

original sequence Live Oak, with Moss (with ornamental Roman numeral), it became section 42 of Calamus in 1860

Maclay in keeping Free Kansas out of the Union until she has double the population necessary to admit

Maclay by the Administration presses, that while the seats of other Lecompton members were in doubt,

American Literature 27 (1955): 56–61.Kalita, Dwight. "Whitman and the Correspondent Breeze."

CarlSmeller"To the States, To Identify the 16th, 17th, or 18th Presidentiad" (1860)"To the States, To

Identify the 16th, 17th, or 18th Presidentiad" (1860)This eight-line poem was originally published under

its present title as the eighth poem in the "Messenger Leaves" cluster in the 1860 Leaves of Grass.

Whitman's Manuscripts: "Leaves of Grass" (1860). Ed. Fredson Bowers. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1955.

"To the States, To Identify the 16th, 17th, or 18th Presidentiad" (1860)

PhilipDacey"To the States" (1860)"To the States" (1860)Titled "Walt Whitman's Caution" in 1860, on its

gradual limiting of the opening line's address from plural states to one state and then finally to one city

Presumably "any city" is being enjoined to resist its own state.

important to remember, however, that the forces of the North, meant to quell rebellion by secessionists, were

"To the States" (1860)

TO the States or any one of them, or any city of the States, Resist much, obey little, Once unquestioning

obedience, once fully enslaved, Once fully enslaved, no nation, state, city of this earth, ever after

TO the States or any one of them, or any city of the States, Resist much, obey little, Once unquestioning

obedience, once fully enslaved, Once fully enslaved, no nation, state, city of this earth, ever after

Were you thinking that those were the words—those upright lines? those curves, angles, dots?

Were you thinking that those were the words— those delicious sounds out of your friends' mouths?

them—my qualities inter- penetrate interpenetrate with theirs—my name is nothing to them, Though it were

echo the tones of Souls, and the phrases of Souls; If they did not echo the phrases of Souls, what were

If they had not reference to you in especial, what were they then?

Were you thinking that those were the words— those upright lines? those curves, angles, dots?

Were you thinking that those were the words— those delicious sounds out of your friends' mouths?

them—my qualities inter- penetrate interpenetrate with theirs—my name is nothing to them; Though it were

echo the tones of Souls, and the phrases of Souls; If they did not echo the phrases of Souls, what were

If they had not reference to you in especial, what were they then?

leaveshandwrittenprinted; One of a series of draft introductions Whitman prepared for Leaves of Grass, but which were

until collected by Clifton Joseph Furness in Walt Whitman's Workshop (1928), portions of this draft were

Lines from this manuscript were also revised and used in the poem, So Long!

, which first appeared in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

what joys were thine!

what joys were thine!

While its title remained consistent, in the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass two significant changes were

What had been the second line was dropped: "Not cities, nor man alone, nor war, nor the dead" (1871 Leaves

that "he incarnates [his country's] geography," essential criteria which he established for the American

TO the leaven'd soil they trod, calling, I sing, for the last; (Not cities, nor man alone, nor war, nor

TO the leaven'd soil they trod, calling, I sing, for the last; (Not cities, nor man alone, nor war, nor

John E.Schwiebert"To the Garden the World" (1860)"To the Garden the World" (1860)First published in Leaves

(1860) as number 1 in "Enfans d'Adam," this poem was retitled "To the Garden the World" in the 1867

Whitman heralds the "Adam" cluster (1860) as "A string of Poems . . . embodying the amative love of woman

an altogether new age of human history that honors material things (the body, the senses, sex) that were

"To the Garden the World" (1860)

in its entirety, the seventh line was used in the poem To My Soul, which was first published in the 1860

German and the Scandinavian Based on the handwriting, Edward Grier dates this manuscript to before 1860

Based on the handwriting, Edward Grier dates this manuscript to before 1860 (Notebooks and Unpublished

Portions of this speech were originally published as Abraham Lincoln's Death.

Walt Whitman's Account of the Scene at Ford's Theatre, New York Sun (12 February 1876) and were included

considering the 1891–1892 edition to be the final, authorized version.The two sentences of "To Soar" were

MaireMullins"To Rich Givers" (1860)"To Rich Givers" (1860)Included in the "Messenger Leaves" cluster

of the third (1860) edition of Leaves of Grass, this poem was published in Boston by Thayer and Eldridge

"To Rich Givers" (1860)

In 1860 it formed part of the Messenger Leaves cluster under the same title.

Side 1 corresponds to verses 1-9 of section 14 of Chants Democratic in the 1860 Leaves of Grass; side

On the reverse are lines that were possibly also written as part of the process for the creation of that

still less euphonious, and we have often thought it a great pity that at the Revolution the Empire City

cognomen of “East New York,” and affixed it to the pretty suburb on the north-eastern frontier of this city

is that it has grown and thriven amazingly—quite as fast, in proportion, as either district of this city

We learn from the paper referred to that East New York contains already a population of 2000, which number

some corrections, of the poem eventually titled To Foreign Lands, first published in Leaves of Grass (1860