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of Brooklyn who have investigated the matter in an impartial spirit, are quite unanimous that the city

cry raised for election purposes about "taking control out of the hands of the people," "putting the city

of Whitman's parents was a member of the Society of Friends (the formal name for Quakers), but they were

The Quakers were an influence on Whitman's world view, undoubtedly; but what kind of influence, and where

day and night with me and you shall possess the origin of all poems" (section 2).Both Fox and Hicks were

If orthodox Quakers were dull to the radical force of their group's most inspiring idea ("that of God

After four decades of this irrepressible testimony, the public toleration and freedoms they sought were

A History of American Magazines, 1850–1865. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard UP, 1938. 419–431.

Car Question, after a thorough discussion on the part of the speakers, preachers, and writers of the city

Brooklyn, by general consent, has received the appellation of the City of Churches, and in common with

were habitual attendants at places of worship.

, rather than to the consolidated city; and that the proportion of churches to population is greater

We need go no further than the Sunday car discussion in this city to illustrate our meaning.

Morrissey is an Irish American, in the full flush of early manhood, stout as a bull, with muscles of

He is then rubbed down by his trainers, as if he were a horse, after which he tumbles into bed and takes

completing the heating arrangements in every school house during the holidays, so that when the schools were

of course running on, though they are necessarily incapacitated from rendering that service to the city

when the negligence or unfaithfulness of a member or committee thus causes a pecuniary loss to the city

It was reported in the New York papers, at the recent opening of the Public Schools of the city after

the summer holidays, that there were ten thousand children turned away from the school doors, because

these children, if the thousands of pupils who are obtaining education there under false pretences, were

In this city, as in Jersey City and Hoboken, there is no such institution.

Hence many parents residing in these cities are anxious to have their children educated in the New York

As the people of Kings in 1856 decided by their votes that they were averse to having luxuries supplied

At first sight, we were disposed to approve Mr.

As he himself sates, he has known children pass a creditable examination in Algebra who were deficient

clearly appear from the records of the Board's proceedings, how far its action is compulsory on the City

Their laws of peace and war were barbarous and deplorable.

So little were mankind accustomed to regard the rights of persons or property, or to perceive the value

There were powerful Grecian States that avowed the practice of piracy; and the fleets of Athens, the

The Romans were a sublime band of cut-throats.

And it was the received opinion that Greeks, even as between their own cities and states, were bound

office, in Iowa, resulted in severe accidents to several persons, and more than a thousand claimants were

in the summer, as if there was no danger to public health from any cause but epidemics—as if there were

regular and constant sanitary reforms and obligations to be introduced and enforced throughout the city

There are practices carried on, which are destructive to the salubrity of the city—there is a general

below those of almost every city of similar size on earth.

What then does Brooklyn need, in order to guarantee, that in her limits, density of population shall

Our city has been healthy beyond a parallel, and, as yet, none of the diseases of summer have been developed

There is plenty of time yet next month for disease to make its appearance in our midst, and our city

Some of our streets, especially in this section of the city, are disgracefully filthy, and in the hot

in time, if we would not be criminally negligent of the interests of the sanitary interests of our city

May the present good heaith health of our city long continue—and in expressing this wish, we respectfully

been formed for the purpose of providing gratuitous and safe public baths for the residents of that city

In all the great cities of the Old World, say they, these wants of the people are much better cared for

than in the Metropolitan cities of the new and the free world.

Besides, no city is better situated to afford its inhabitants the refreshing and healthful pleasures

In the earlier periods of our city, the many secluded places along the shores of these streams of themselves

He insisted that the poems were inseparable from himself, he confided that he created himself by writing

It is Schyberg who first suggested a psychological crisis occurring before new poems of the third (1860

) Leaves of Grass were written.

Schyberg asserted that if Whitman were fully aware of the homoeroticism in the poems he would not have

, he argues that after 1860 Whitman seems unable or unwilling to return to the psychic sources of his

religious, scientific, medical, sexual, and gender orthodoxies in order to hasten the coming of the City

into an unofficial clearinghouse for the writings of radical reformers, it is no wonder that they were

American Quarterly 18 (1966): 655–666.____. "A Reading of Whitman's 'Faces.'"

American Literature 56 (1984): 379–395.____. Walt Whitman and the Body Beautiful.

American Literature 2 (1931): 350–384.Reiss, Edmund. "Whitman's Debt to Animal Magnetism."

TedWidmerProvidence, Rhode IslandProvidence, Rhode IslandA city at the head of Narragansett Bay, Providence

Williams, who wished to acknowledge divine assistance in his forced relocation from Massachusetts, the city

During Whitman's lifetime, the city's population rose from 11,767 (1820) to 132,146 (1890).Whitman had

holds at the high, with bosom broad outswelling; All throbs, dilates—the farms, woods, the streets of cities

holds at the high, with bosom broad outswelling, All throbs, dilates—the farms, woods, streets of cities—workmen

This manuscript was probably written in the mid- to late 1860s shortly before publication in 1869.

This manuscript was probably written in the mid- to late 1860s shortly before publication in 1869.; These

the wounded groaning in agony, The hiss and crackle of flames, the blacken'd ruins, the embers of cities

the wounded groaning in agony, The hiss and crackle of flames, the blacken'd ruins, the embers of cities

Paumanok, where I was born, Fond of the sea—lusty-begotten and various, Boy of the Mannahatta, the city

of ships, my city, Or raised inland, or of the south savannas, Or full-breath'd on Californian air,

put in my poems, that with you is heroism, upon land and sea—And I will report all heroism from an American

ideal of manly love, indicating it in me; I will therefore let flame from me the burning fires that were

count- less countless herds of buffalo, feeding on short curly grass; See, in my poems, old and new cities

See Howard Jones, To the Webster-Ashburton Treaty: A Study in Anglo-American Relations, 1783-1843 (Chapel

Were this country to throw her whole strength into a contest with Great Britain, she could humble that

See Howard Jones, To the Webster-Ashburton Treaty: A Study in Anglo-American Relations, 1783-1843 (Chapel

becomes a mere tributary of the mighty flood which pours from all parts of the Western District past the City

Whitman's lines are end-stopped; groupings of clauses or phrases (not feet) constitute lines; lines were

American Prosody. New York: American, 1935. Bradley, Sculley.

American Literature 10 (1939): 437–459. Finch, Annie.

The Ghost of Meter: Culture and Prosody in American Free Verse. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1993.

"The Identity of American Free Verse: The Prosodic Study of Whitman's 'Lilacs.'"

influence has been more perceptible since the close of the Eastern war, by which quite a number of them were

Further, in a discussion of Brooklyn as a "City of Churches," David Reynolds contends that Brooklyn was

of men and women and of all events and things" (Whitman 25).As early as "Starting from Paumanok" (1860

in the Jewish sense is made clear in his discussion of Thomas Carlyle as prophet in "Carlyle from American

Minor Prophecy: Walt Whitman's New American Religion.

"Whitman Justified: The Poet in 1860." Walt Whitman. Ed. Harold Bloom.

C.D.Albin"Promise to California, A" (1860)"Promise to California, A" (1860)Whitman's "A Promise to California

" originally appeared as number 30 in the "Calamus" cluster of the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass and

promises to travel west and teach his fellow citizens about the vigorous camaraderie necessary for American

"Promise to California, A" (1860)

for Oregon: Sojourning east a while longer, soon I travel toward you, to remain, to teach robust American

and Oregon; Sojourning east a while longer, soon I travel toward you, to remain, to teach robust American

and Oregon; Sojourning east a while longer, soon I travel toward you, to remain, to teach robust American

for Oregon: Sojourning east a while longer, soon I travel toward you, to remain, to teach robust American

I would like to begin by briefly telling a long story, an all too familiar one, a story of American literary

There were more and more universities, and more and more graduate students, and more and more professors

that the nature of scholarship itself changed to accommodate a suddenly swollen mass of scholars, who were

Still, it is the standard edition, the edition cited by American literary scholarship over the past few

So much of the labor of book-editions of were devoted to the process of turning materials—manuscripts

prohibits colored persons, either slave or free, from entering the State—making an exclusively white population

No, not if there were the shadow of a hope that battling against this prejudice will ever succeed in

Yet we believe there is enough material in the colored race, if they were in some secure and ample part

inefficiency of the construction of the Ridgewood Reservoir and the improbability of getting the water to the city

days since, to see the works, the well pump, and along the line of conduit to Baiseley's Pond ; and were

gates, the influx and efflux gates, for the purpose of regulating the flow of water through the pipes city-ward

John & Mary) had 8 daughters and two sons—the men father & sons all followed the water—were expert sailors—Capt

The poem first appeared in the 1860 edition as Proto-Leaf. Proem

edition of Leaves of Grass this and another poem, which had been included in every edition since 1855, were

It is possible these lines were composed between 1861 and 1870, when Whitman had most reason to employ

It is possible these lines were composed between 1861 and 1870, when Whitman had most reason to employ

It is possible these lines were composed between 1861 and 1870, when Whitman had most reason to employ

one-fourth of those helpless and most wretched men (their last hours passed in the thought that they were

In my opinion, the anguish and death of these ten to fifteen thousand American young men, with all the

preservative of all crafts" (Whitman 45) and said that Traubel's four years working in a print shop were

manuscripts, this manuscript may also relate to lines 39-43 in Debris, a cluster published in the 1860

and confound them, / You shall see me showing a scarlet tomato, and a white pebble from the beach" (1860

Leaves, ultimately titled "Song of Myself," and part of a cluster titled "Debris" that appeared in the 1860

Joel Myerson (New York: Garland, 1993); Major American Authors on CD-Rom: Walt Whitman (Westport, CT:

Leaves, ultimately titled "Song of Myself," and part of a cluster titled "Debris" that appeared in the 1860

manuscripts, this manuscript may also relate to lines 39-43 in "Debris," a cluster published in the 1860

and confound them, / You shall see me showing a scarlet tomato, and a white pebble from the beach" (1860

Joel Myerson (New York: Garland, 1993); Major American Authors on CD-Rom: Walt Whitman (Westport, CT:

with equal hemispheres, one Love, one Dilation or Pride" ("Our Old Feuillage").For Whitman, this "American

Soul" necessitated a level of pride equal to the enormous task of an American poetry: "I know perfectly

important, however, is that Whitman sees his braggadocio as necessary to the creation of a truly American

had been neglected and his or her pride obfuscated by themes and characters inappropriate to an American

I think this pride indispensable to an American.

Both contain background information on Whitman in the 1850s and early 1860s, as well as on the Price

account women like Abby Price, who was one of Whitman's closest friends in his most creative years, 1850–1860

Some of our elder readers may remember what newspapers were thirty years ago.

In the city they were dull, dreary sheets, containing a little stale news and commenting prosily thereon

In the country they were still worse.

Little, dingy sheets, containing hardly anything but advertisements, their conductors imagined they were

The readers of those days were easily contented and what would now scarcely be tolerated for a moment

The New York Times of this morning says: If this were the case, the fact ought to be officially announced

We were all so exultant at first that perhaps the delay that has been experienced has unduly chilled