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The essay responded to the American music Whitman had heard in New York.

Several references to Poe and his work were included by Whitman in the Daily Eagle.

He threw out the bogus returns, as it appears from his own statements, not so much because they were

wishes to shape his course so as to avoid damaging his prospects for the Presidential nomination of 1860

Pierce and Senator Douglas were working like beavers for the Cincinnati nomination, flattering themselves

honor; while the old stagers who had been log rolling for years to obtain a heavy Northern support, were

The Spartans were able to take control of Tammany Hall nominating conventions in 1842 and named their

For further reading, see Sean Wilentz, Chants Democratic: New York City and the Rise of the American

Flood, The Encyclopeia of New York City, Second Edition (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010).

The windows and blinds were completely smashed.

But singularly enough, there were numerous objects totally uninjured, (we were informed that all was

The Spartans were able to take control of Tammany Hall nominating conventions in 1842 and named their

For further reading, see Sean Wilentz, Chants Democratic: New York City and the Rise of the American

Flood, The Encyclopeia of New York City, Second Edition (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010).

Norton and Company, 2014), 33–38.; Located in the Five Points neighborhood in New York City, the Sixth

For further reading, see: Kevin Kenny, New Directions in Irish-American History (Madison: University

southern tip of Manhattan, the Battery was formerly a system of gun emplacements for defense of New York City

southern tip of Manhattan, the Battery was formerly a system of gun emplacements for defense of New York City

—and is it not a shame that the city should have to pay for printing it and sending it forth to the world

Would that old Isaac Disraeli were alive, that Dr.

Names were powerful. As Whitman indicates in An American Primer (1904), "Names are magic.

The names of American cities should reflect their physical features and life of their citizens—expressing

the essence of the cities.Some of the best names, he believed, were the ones given by Native Americans

, a second poem 1888), "Yonnondio" (1887), and "Starting from Paumanok" (1860).Native names were particularly

American Indian names and his poetry were "original," "not to be imitated—not to be manufactured . . 

His texts about nature as an economic and spiritual resource were eagerly embraced by the American middle

The first American wetlands to be protected were Florida’s Everglades (in 1947), after the national park

“The American South.” LeMaster and Kummings 671–72. ———. “‘O Magnet-South’ (1860).”

Emerson, Whitman, and the American Muse.

“Whitman’s Lesson of the City.” Breaking Bounds: Whitman and American Cultural Studies. Eds.

This is not another American "westering" poem; it describes a spiritual migration.The main line of critical

The first several lines of draft were revised and published as My Picture-Gallery in The American in

The winter season admits of little out-door exercises in cities, but substitutes are provided in the

The great majority of our readers are probably unaware that we have in this city a gymnasium, completely

York, and that it well deserves the support and assistance of the inhabitants of this part of the city

No nation or people will ever preserve the weight of influence to which they were naturally entitled,

Early in 1846 he had clipped and heavily underlined an article from the American Review entitled "Phrenology

Poet," in the October 1855 issue of the American Phrenological Journal; and sent out review copies,

It should be added, however, that the phrenologists were eclectic, much as were the other pseudo-scientists

American Quarterly 18 (1966): 655–666.____. "A Reading of Whitman's 'Faces.'"

American Literature 2 (1931): 350–384.Kaplan, Justin. Walt Whitman: A Life.

The earliest photos of Whitman were taken in the 1840s (soon after the first daguerreotypes were made

in the United States), and his last photos were taken the year of his death.

These "miraculous mirrors," as photographs were often called in the nineteenth century, provided the

The Real Thing: Imagination and Authenticity in American Culture, 1880–1940.

Reading American Photographs: Images as History, Mathew Brady to Walker Evans.

Phillips wrote a favorable review of Leaves of Grass for the New York Illustrated News (26 May 1860),

reprinted in the Saturday Press (30 June 1860).

laudatory poem, "Letter Impromptu" (1857), written in hexameters, appeared in Leaves of Grass Imprints (1860

American Notes and Queries 6 (1946): 51–53. Whitman, Walt.

"Calamus" was first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass.

kindly inform me on enclosed postal the date of Colonel Ingersoll's Lecture at the Academy in this city

I see in Bob the noblest specimen—American-flavored—pure out of the soil, spreading, giving, demanding

William A.PannapackerPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaKnown as the Quaker City and

the City of Brotherly Love, Philadelphia should have sounded promising to Walt Whitman, an admirer of

With over a million inhabitants in 1890, Philadelphia was the third most populous city in the United

The relationship between the two cities was reminiscent of what he had known in Brooklyn and Manhattan

From 1882 until his death, most of Whitman's American publications were handled in Philadelphia by David

The Bohemians were nonconforming, frequently intellectual, engaged in the arts, and in opposition to

Among the most visible were King Clapp and the queen, Ada Clare, Fitz-James O'Brien, George Arnold, William

Whitman appears more a version of an 1890s gentleman than the free and imposing figure he had cut in the 1860s

from the good fellowship and fun, was the constant focus offered by the Saturday Press, especially in 1860

Pfaff's and its habitués offered an unconventional life style—for instance, they were among the many

Michael Nash were Washington friends to whom Whitman referred frequently in his letters to Peter Doyle

Michael Nash was an old resident of the city; Whitman's December 5, 1873, letter to Doyle mentioned a

Charley Sorrell and his brother, Jim, were drivers.

The Richings Opera Company, formed in 1859 by American actor Peter Richings (1797–1871), toured the United

Harry (No II) sends you his love says he wished you would go to the city Hall at the sheriffs office

game of Base Ball Baseball Played here to day, between the Nationals, & the Olympics, both of this city

According to the 1860 Richmond city directory, Doyle worked as a blacksmith for Tredegar Iron Works.

The 1860 Population Census for Richmond, enumerated on June 28 of that year, lists Peter Doyle, aged

The Doyle households were within blocks of one another in the city's Southwest section.

Walt and Pete were especially fond of taking long hikes together out of the city.

By the time of Doyle's death in 1907, there were over 1,000 lodges in as many cities.

first rank, Fernando Pessoa grew up in Durban, South Africa, but lived subsequently in his native city

It also appears that his pastoral lyrics were, at bottom, an elaborate philosophical commentary on Leaves

Such links between the two poets were of a serious and substantial character.Bibliography Brown, Susan

Iowa City: U of Iowa P, 1992. 167–181. Pessoa, Fernando. Poems of Fernando Pessoa. Ed. and trans.

His shoulders were broad, and neither age nor infirmity had broken down the original robustness of his

The broad brim of his soft, gray, felt hat shaded his eyes so that you were not sure whether they were

His eyes were dimmer now, but his heart kept its old zest.

Walt had, in fact, read most of the American poets who were his contemporaries.

The Greeks howled when they were hurt and bawled with rage when they were angry.

We were then living in Washington.

O'Connor had already made his acquaintance in Boston in 1860, when Thayer and Eldridge were printing

the regular, constant group, there were many others who were with us more or less.

Then, too, certain stock subjects were always at hand. We were somewhat divided in our pet beliefs.

were attracted to him.

Our conversation turned to modern education, upon which his views were frequently radical.

His friends and admirers, however, were not so philosophical as he; they did not hesitate to condemn

sufficiently intimate to hail cheerily, when their doings were, or were not, to our liking, and who

On the occasion of his visits, there were usually other guests in the house, mostly young folks, who

In his later publication, I find many passages that were displayed to me in embryo.

to his old habit, the poet spent an hour or more on the ferry, swinging pendulum-like between this city

The publishers were capital fellows.

I like the city itself exceedingly, and I think it will in a short time become a cosmopolitan city such

Don't ask me to class Philadelphia with Boston, New York, or the wide-awake Western cities.

I cannot class it with other cities, and you must not compel me to talk about it.

1840s, Whitman appeared as a stylish and worldly man about town, a sophisticated denizen of the great cities

bardic poet who, knowing all time and all space, chanted his vision in tones of absolute certainty.In 1860

This identity, which does not reappear after 1860, seems to reflect the romantic and personal nature

It also underlines the warning of the 1860 poem "Whoever You are Holding Me Now in Hand": "I am not what

The 1860s brought about profound changes for Whitman as for the nation.

Philip W.LeonPerry, Bliss (1860–1954)Perry, Bliss (1860–1954) Bliss Perry was born in Williamstown, Massachusetts

The National Cyclopedia of American Biography. Vol. 46. 1893.

Perry, Bliss (1860–1954)

Most of the issues were devoted to the business and programs of the fellowship, but thirty of the issues

Negro"; it was published as Paper 10 that year, the first extended written comment by an African American

ceased with Traubel's death in 1919.The Whitman Fellowship had by this time spawned chapters in other cities

Visual Arts"—contained work by many eminent Whitman scholars and commentators, and most of these essays were

American Literature 61 (1989): 46–58.Sill, Geoffrey M., ed. Walt Whitman of Mickle Street.

One of the lines was included in the 1860 Poem of Joys, which was later entitled A Song of Joys.

A line from this manuscript appears in "Poem of Joys," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves

A line from this manuscript appears in "Poem of Joys," first published in the 1860 edition of Leaves

of Leaves of Grass.; A line from this manuscript appears in "Poem of Joys," first published in the 1860

edition of Leaves of Grass: "No fumes—no ennui—no more complaints or scornful criticisms" (1860, p.

Dear Sir: I am endeavoring to procure a collection of autographs of distinguished Americans , and as

Miss Moore was speaking to me of your poetry yesterday as she and I were walking through the galleries

The Aldermen of New York city are the last persons who should denounce the State Legislature as criminal

of placing the government of that city in purer hands than those who hold it now.

It has been charged by the opponents of the new laws that they were passed by the Legislature in order

to punish New York city for its vote for Buchanan.

not guided solely by party motives, nor did they seek to "punish" the cities for holding a different

)Pennell, Joseph (1857–1926), and Elizabeth Robins (1855–1936) Joseph Pennell and Elizabeth Robins were

Pennell and Robins were married in 1884, and the following year they produced A Canterbury Pilgrimage

Pennell and Robins were contemporaries of Whitman, and their work was published extensively in his lifetime

Pennell's illustrations were in many works Whitman would have read, and Whitman knew them both from contacts

Dictionary of American Art. New York: Harper and Row, 1979. Traubel, Horace.

Lossing, History of New York City: An Outline Sketch of Events from 1609 to 1830, and a Full Account

For further reading, see: Leo Hershkowitz, "The Mill Street Synagogue Reconsidered," American Jewish

Rock, "The Early Years of American Jewish History: Publications of the American Jewish Historical Society

and the Minute Books of Congregation Shearith Israel," American Jewish History 99, no. 2 (2015): 119

And there we were amid the Jews worshipping in their temple.

Lossing, History of New York City: An Outline Sketch of Events from 1609 to 1830, and a Full Account

For further reading, see: Leo Hershkowitz, "The Mill Street Synagogue Reconsidered," American Jewish

Rock, "The Early Years of American Jewish History: Publications of the American Jewish Historical Society

and the Minute Books of Congregation Shearith Israel," American Jewish History 99, no. 2 (2015): 119

Barletta, "In Defense of the Ionic Frieze of the Parthenon," American Journal of Archaeology 113, no.

Paumanok is the Native American name, and the name Whitman preferred, for Long Island.; Our transcription

Reprinted in the American (May 1881) and Leaves of Grass (1881–82).; Our transcription is based on a

"Patroling Barnegat" was originally published in June 1880 in The American and then reprinted in April

Iowa City: U of Iowa P, 1994. 240–250.Fast, Robin Riley.

American Transcendental Quarterly 53 (1982): 49–66.French, R.W.

The poem had been first published in The American in June 1880.

containing trial lines for the poem first published as Patroling Barnegat in the June 1880 issue of The American

through slush and sand toilsome, the mortar dragging, "Patroling Barnegat" was published first in The American

"Patroling Barnegat" was published first in The American in June 1880.

manuscript was composed between May and June, 1880.; "Patroling Barnegat" was published first in The American

The States, To Identify the 16th, 17th, or 18th Presidentiad in the cluster Messenger Leaves in the 1860

The chronology of the poem's composition is not entirely clear, but portions were written as early as

Later, in section 3, the steel rails that cross the American continent are envisioned as "duplicate slender

On one hand, Whitman embraces American capitalism and its products.

Lo soul, the retrospect brought forward, The old, most populous, wealthiest of earth's lands, The streams

Lo soul, the retrospect brought forward, The old, most populous, wealthiest of earth's lands, The streams

gentlemen, some of them Brooklyn officials, some large tax-payers, and others interested, started from the City

They alleged that there were certain politico-legal questions likely to come before the Court of Appeals

Sickles and his co-laborers were sincere in urging them. If so, was Mr.

Judges, and city and county officers, have nothing to do with national politics, and national parties

parties nor amendments of charters are likely to reduce the ever increasing cost of our inefficient city

The only hope of getting a cheap and efficient city government is for well known citizens of all parties