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A flurry of articles, primarily as rebuttals, appeared in American and British journals.

These performances, given during the heyday of Shakespeare on the American stage, clearly made a lasting

," at one point even going so far as to claim that they "exhale that principle of caste which we Americans

Whitman tempered his criticism of Shakespeare and feudal poetry, acknowledging his—and, by extension, American

W HEN young Archibald Dean went from the city—(living out of which he had so often said was no living

High winds spread the fire to some of New York City's most well-known commercial buildings, and the cold

candid soul, and none of the darker vices which are so common among the young fellows of our great cities

Had he not ransacked every part of the city for employment as a clerk?

In the nineteenth century, most clerks were young men who performed the tasks of writing and accounting

High winds spread the fire to some of New York City's most well-known commercial buildings, and the cold

See "The Conflagration," The Herald, December 18, 1835, [2].; In the nineteenth century, most clerks were

For more information on these and other responsibilities, as well as the lives of clerks in New York City

The first edition in 1855 contained what were to be called "Song of Myself," "The Sleepers," and "I Sing

early warning signs that he and his Leaves were embarked on a difficult road ahead. 

Iowa City: U of Iowa P, 1994. Fone, Byrne R.S.

The Homosexual Tradition in American Poetry. Austin: U of Texas P, 1979. ____, ed.

Iowa City: U of Iowa P, 1992. Miller, James E., Jr. A Critical Guide to "Leaves of Grass."

Most of them should have been au fait in the matter to be discussed but they were inhaling the fragrant

cities of Europe.

A subsequent report had been made concerning this district of the city.

They were willing as individuals to pay their quota of the expense, provided the works were not done

Those present were mostly working men, and comparatively poor.

the communication heretofore presented by the Sewer Commissioners, asking that the control of the city

He contended that this Board was the creature of the Legislature, and that they were bound to accept

This Board were not elected to introduce water into the city, but they were elected to have control of

more than half right--that he should have been more particular in indicating what portions of the law were

We notice that a new plan has been adopted in some European cities (Paris among the rest) for deodorising

the engineers just appointed by the Common Council to report on a general plan of drainage for the city

attention to the subject, has expressed the opinion that the entire cost of the sanitary government of a city

From the Corporation papers—as will be seen in a speech elsewhere reported—the city derives a revenue

Thus it should be with every department of city government.

constitutionality of the law creating the Water Commissioners the Commissioners of Sewers for the city

constitutionality of the law was raised, in order that it might be set at rest before thousands of dollars were

We do not presume that in a city like Brooklyn, every part of which, we suppose, stands on a grade capable

We are unable to imagine any reason why so populous a section, and which would naturally appear to belong

I think posterity will doubt if such things ever were; if our bold ancestors who settled this land were

They were vapors, fever and ague of the unsettled woods.

In 1660, the population was one hundred and thirty- four souls: in 1698 it had increased to five hundred

During this period, and for a long time afterwards, almost all the inhabitants of Brooklyn were Dutch

In that year, a number of emigrants, chiefly Walloons, were sent out from Holland to Manhattan, under

Francis Bright, who came out in 1629, were the first regularly ordained ministers in Massachusetts.

All around were then open cultivated fields with farm houses.

I would not ask a press copy were I able to buy them.

interpreted "Chanting" as a narrative which reproduces in large gestures the unfolding of the history of American

Confederacy, then Whitman recognizes that such a threat of destabilization is always already present in American

Civil War everywhere attempted to pick up the pieces and push ahead in reconstructing their lives, cities

note that the fruits of victory for the Union had hardly begun to ripen into a secure future for American

of money; she and the daughter and the latter's husband Richard Colyer settled down in the farm and were

must have been buried at Huntington village, for I remember seeing numerous old grave stones that were

—The stones I saw were brought away, lest they might be despoiled, and somehow, when the war passed over

, they were never returned.

—The largest trees near it, that I remember, appear to have been cut down.— The Whitmans were among the

The role of sentimentality in Whitman's ability to produce an American epic is also beginning to be explored

To what degree, it might be asked, is the "grand American expression" which melds with the "English language

Broadway borders City Hall Park on the west.

Near the City Hotel The City hotel was located at 123 Broadway "between Cedar and Thames streets."

See Thomas Longworth, Longworth's American Almanac, New-York Register, and City Directory (New York:

The Globe Hotel was located at 66 Broadway in New York City.

He wrote, "The chief street of a great city is a curious epitome of the life of the city; and when that

was located at 162 Nassau Street in New York's so-called "Newspaper Row," just across Park Row from City

It had several features that were unheard of in contemporary hotels. According to Edwin G.

See Thomas Longworth, Longworth's American Almanac, New-York Register, and City Directory (New York:

Gideon, 1841), 14.; The Globe Hotel was located at 66 Broadway in New York City.

He wrote, "The chief street of a great city is a curious epitome of the life of the city; and when that

seem to point—and all the little stipendiaries of the Administration party (such as the Eagle of this city

The Jersey Telegraph probably will again hoist his name to its mast-head as the candidate for 1860.

The one in the United States Review—which begins with the now famous exclamation "An American bard at

This agenda is especially clear in the piece written for the American Phrenological Journal.

American Literature 30 (1959): 425–449.Holloway, Emory. "Whitman as His Own Press-Agent."

American Mercury 18 (1929): 482–488.Kaplan, Justin. Walt Whitman: A Life.

American Literature 29 (1957): 289–296. Self-Reviews of the 1855 Leaves, Whitman's Anonymous

that all the rest were well also.

My first impressions, architectural, &c. were not favorable; but upon the whole, the city, the spaces

The whole city was lit up with torches. Cannons were fired all night in various parts ofthe city.

B. first, & then me-say, ifI WERE sick, or WERE poor, why then,-& c. &c. &c.

And would yield my life for this cause with serene joy if it were so appointed, if that were the price

auditor's smile or half sneer at the author's sometimes forced rhymes or prosy lines; as though that were

uniting the whole" may be lost "just in moving this trifle or that," and so you "Take away, as it were

We wish we could give as creditable a list of good things to come in our own portion of the city.

Seas and Lands, Chapter VI: Men and Cities CHAPTER VI: MEN AND CITIES.

low-lying farmsteads around Baltimore and northward—so that many fields of maize, tomato, and melon were

the American Republic.

In a very few minutes, I may venture to say, we were like old friends.

I., "Men and Cities," in Seas and Lands (New York: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1891), 72–83.

I., "Men and Cities," in Seas and Lands (New York: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1891), 72–83.

With the exception of "Out of the Cradle" and "As I Ebb'd," both of which were composed in 1859 and went

American Transcendental Quarterly 53 (1982): 49–66.LaRue, Robert.

nyp.00033xxx.00132Sea Winrowsbetween 1860 and 1881poetry1 leafhandwritten; A list of words probably related

Ebb'd with the Ocean of Life, originally published as Bardic Symbols in the Atlantic Monthly 5 (April 1860

Minor Prophecy: Walt Whitman's New American Religion.

the Greeks) —the northern part of Europe & Asia —the people thereof "Kelts" viz (woods‑men (These were

Edward Grier estimates that the date of this manuscript is between 1857 and 1860 (Walt Whitman: Notebooks

of Universal History, it appears that they instead come from the introduction to Noah Webster's American

Edward Grier estimates that the date of this manuscript is between 1857 and 1860 (Walt Whitman: Notebooks

of Universal History, it appears that they instead come from the introduction to Noah Webster's American

.— It was a part of architecture—the temple was not stood unfinished without statues, and so they were

built made with reference to the temple—they were not made abstractly by themselves.— give a similar

his Brooklyn years Whitman reserved his most explicit praise for the work of Henry Kirke Brown, an American

Brown was a leader in the transformation of American sculpture from its emphasis on neoclassical forms

Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1921. Sculptors and Sculpture

assertion that Scott's antidemocratic sentiment made the political message of his writing unfit for an American

In the same essay, Whitman insists that he, as well as every American, owes a "debt of thanks" to Scott

the subject of great interest by a large and broad cross section of the population.

He approached poetry and science as ways of knowing that were complementary but different.

Chemists and physicists alike—including Justus Liebig and Michael Faraday—were demonstrating that not

you thinking that those were the words, those upright lines?

Studies in the American Renaissance 1986. Ed. Joel Myerson.

.— Few days in the week are more interesting for a promenade in our stirring city than Saturday, for

tip of Manhattan, by the 1840s, the Battery had become a promenade and park for New Yorkers. hosts were

Here a group were gazing upon the tempting array in the toy shops; there, others were feasting their

.— ☞ At a late fire in Cambridge, Mass., while the flames were consuming the lower part of a dwelling

The Goldsboro' Patriot states the case as follows: "They were the children of a free negro by the name

They were consequently his slaves, and, he having become involved, they were sold for his debts."

Whitman and the Aurora were strongly opposed to the bill, and despite Whitman's optimism here that the

Whitman and the Aurora were strongly opposed to the bill, and despite Whitman's optimism here that the

and crushed on a platform of the stairs leading from Navy street entrance of Public School No. 14, city

.— We understand that the Senatorial delegation from this city Referring to the New York state senate

Tammany Hall, founded in 1786, was the New York City headquarters of the Democratic Party that played

a major role in controlling New York City and New York State politics.

From the 1840s onward, Irish Catholics that resided in the city held the majority of power.

Gover, The Tammany Hall Democracy of the City of New York (New York: Martin B. Brown, 1875), 5–6.

.; Tammany Hall, founded in 1786, was the New York City headquarters of the Democratic Party that played

a major role in controlling New York City and New York State politics.

From the 1840s onward, Irish Catholics that resided in the city held the majority of power.

Gover, The Tammany Hall Democracy of the City of New York (New York: Martin B.

The picture of Whitman as a man of extraordinary moral and artistic development, the genius of the American

Notes stresses the republican theme, the view of Whitman as a kind of medium for the spirit of American

vision of democratic politics, as well as in the thematic study Minor Prophecy: Walt Whitman's New American

Martin's The Homosexual Tradition in American Poetry (1979), Harold Aspiz's Walt Whitman and the Body

Other cultural studies include James Dougherty's book on the image of the city in Leaves of Grass, Walt

Robert K.Martin"Scented Herbage of My Breast" (1860)"Scented Herbage of My Breast" (1860)The second of

amounts to a coming to awareness, a rejection of false identity ("the sham that was proposed to me" in 1860

"Scented Herbage of My Breast" (1860)

Three persons were burnt to death.

No less than one hundred houses were destroyed, depriving one thousand persons of a home" ( The Fireman

Then there were stacks of furniture upon the sidewalks and even in the street; puddles of water, and

crushed as they were crushed!

For our own part, we were never more interested in our life. Then there was music.

Three persons were burnt to death.

No less than one hundred houses were destroyed, depriving one thousand persons of a home" (The Fireman

Wisdom, a reformed alcoholic, who helped form the Washington Temperance Society in New York City.

morning spent in “looking on” at Clarry’s, or Feeks’, or Cornwell’s, or Blachley’s, or any of the city

police-courts is time well bestowed, even though nothing were sought beyond the amusement of an idle

Let us then look in, for a moment, at his quarters in the City Hall, and see what is going on.

co NY co F 2nd US Cavalry Glen's Falls Warren co NY September 9 1863— The contents of this notebook were

microfilm images at the Library of Congress's website "Poet at Work: Walt Whitman Notebooks 1850s–1860s

," part of the "American Memory" project. scene in the woods on

The contents of this notebook were written during Whitman's hospital visits to wounded soldiers.

microfilm images at the Library of Congress's website "Poet at Work: Walt Whitman Notebooks 1850s–1860s

," part of the "American Memory" project.

emigrating to America in numbers exceeded only by the Irish.

Swedes and Danes were also emigrating but in smaller proportions.

Concurrently, industry and commerce were transforming the Scandinavian countries.

Iowa City: U of Iowa P, 1995. 357–362.Anderson, Carl L. "Whitman in Sweden."

Iowa City: U of Iowa P, 1995. 339–351.Naess, Harald. Knut Hamsun og Amerika.

If they were, we might look for the extinction of the American race within a very few years.

.00417xxx.00419Says1857-1859poetryhandwritten2 leaves21 x 12.5 cm to 21.5 x 13 cm; These manuscript lines were

revised to form numbered sections 1 through 4 of the ungrouped poem Says in the 1860 edition of Leaves

.00417xxx.00419Says1857-1859poetryhandwritten1 leaf21 x 12.5 cm to 21.5 x 13 cm; These manuscript lines were

revised to form numbered section 5 of the ungrouped poem Says in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass

.00417xxx.00419Says1857-1859poetryhandwritten1 leaf21 x 12.5 cm to 21.5 x 13 cm; These manuscript lines were

revised to form numbered section 6 of the ungrouped poem Says in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass

.00419xxx.00413Says1857-1859poetryhandwritten1 leaf21 x 12.5 cm to 21.5 x 13 cm; These manuscript lines were

revised to form numbered section 7 of the ungrouped poem Says in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass

The cancelled lines on the top section of the manuscript appear to be a draft of lines that were never

Whitman's letters to Sawyer were full of ardor, declaring that no other comrade but Sawyer suited him

The American Association for the Advancement of Science is in session at Montreal.

assembled at Montreal, aided by all the lights of modern discovery and nineteenth century civilisation, were

Ungrouped in the 1860 and 1867 Leaves of Grass, the poem Savantism was transferred to Passage to India