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At the time of writing, Whitman's brother, George Washington Whitman, was held as a prisoner at Danville

In an October 23, 1864 letter to his mother from Danville Prison, George describes himself as being "

and with the returned Union prisoners—deaths, memoranda, messages, &c.

In 1863, Potter was promoted to brigadier general, and he commanded troops at Vicksburg and Knoxville

They are distributed somewhere in the Southern prisons.

.; At the time of writing, Whitman's brother, George Washington Whitman, was held as a prisoner at Danville

In an October 23, 1864 letter to his mother from Danville Prison, George describes himself as being "

Potter enlisted in the 51st New York Infantry in October 1861 and was promoted to colonel in September

In 1863, Potter was promoted to brigadier general, and he commanded troops at Vicksburg and Knoxville

We felt dull and inactive all yesterday, "pottered" as Fanny Kemble would express it, "Pottered" can

"Potter" was a term used very commonly by Kemble in her writings.

For example: "After dinner, [I] pottered about, and dressed at once" (159).

To access this example and others of her use of the term "potter" see: Fanny Kemble, Journal of a Residence

.; "Pottered" can mean both to "move or walk slowly, idly, or aimlessly" or to "occupy oneself in an

"Potter" was a term used very commonly by Kemble in her writings.

For example: "After dinner, [I] pottered about, and dressed at once" (159).

To access this example and others of her use of the term "potter" see: Fanny Kemble, Journal of a Residence

We give a single extract from the narrative of Andrew Sherburne, who was a prisoner in the Old Jersey

Prison Ship, and therefore especcially interesting to Brooklynites: "We finally reached New York, but

Nearly 12,000 prisoners were poisoned, starved, or died of fever on board of these prison ships.

Those who died in the prisons of New York, were cast into the dead-carts at the prison doors, as they

Many prisons were barbarously exiled to the East Indies for life."

The British Prison Ships of 1776–83. Captives from Sea and Land. Patriotism—Scene in 1782.

The much-talked-of American prison ships of the Revolutionary war, four or five old hulks, strong enough

The principal of these prison-ships was the Old Jersey, a large 74 gun frigate.

Some eleven thousand American prisoners are thought to have died onboard.

of the proceedings on board this ship, and published it in a book.

Jersey, anchored in New York Harbor during the Revolutionary War, was the most infamous of the British prison

Some eleven thousand American prisoners are thought to have died onboard.

hospital ships could not accommodate the number of sick.; Like the Whitby, the Good Hope was burnt by prisoners

until it was disbanded in the 1960s.; John Jackson was a landowner who discovered the bones of the prison

Potter, Robert B.

Potter enlisted in the 51st New York Infantry in October 1861 and was promoted to colonel in September

In 1863, Potter was promoted to brigadier general, and he commanded troops at Vicksburg and Knoxville

Mills, drummer, paroled prisoner. WOUNDED OR SICK, ABSENT.

Potter enlisted in the 51st New York Infantry in October 1861 and was promoted to colonel in September

In 1863, Potter was promoted to brigadier general, and he commanded troops at Vicksburg and Knoxville

—Potter's Field.—The Old Alms House.—The Marsh and old bridge at the Wallabout.

Then the old Potter's Field.

and now partly intersected by Hampden avenue), were appropriated to a free city Burial Yard, or Potter's

The exchange of prisoners of war now going on at points on James River and elsewhere is sending home

prisons in the days following his capture before being transferred to the prison at Danville, Virginia

Also see George's October 23, 1864 , letter to his mother from Danville Prison.

It was getting dark in the evening, and eventually they were taken prisoners.

George Washington Whitman was taken prisoner on September 30, 1864, at Poplar Grove.

However, a notebook held in the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University contains

prisons in the days following his capture before being transferred to the prison at Danville, Virginia

Also see George's October 23, 1864, letter to his mother from Danville Prison.; Edward Ferrero, a dance

Hill.; George Washington Whitman was taken prisoner on September 30, 1864, at Poplar Grove.

For some of his prison correspondence, see his October 2, 1864, and October 23, 1864, letters to his

What Stops the General Exchange of Prisoners of War?

What Stops the General Exchange of Prisoners of War?

In April 1864, General Grant halted all prisoner exchanges.

Hitchcock was appointed Commissioner for Prisoner of War Exchange in 1862.

Butler special agent for exchange of prisoners.

Whitman wrote a virtually identical letter to the editor of the New York Times entitled The Prisoners

published on the same day as this article (December 27, 1864).; In April 1864, General Grant halted all prisoner

Mulford was the Assistant Agent of Exchange in 1864.; The head Federal official for prisoner exchange

Hitchcock was appointed Commissioner for Prisoner of War Exchange in 1862.

Butler special agent for exchange of prisoners.; Our transcription is based on a digital image of a microfilm

The Prisoners THE PRISONERS.

identical letter to the editor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle entitled " What Stops the General Exchange of Prisoners

What Stops the General Exchange of Prisoners of War—Three-fourths of Our Men Already Exchanged by Death

The dogged sullenness and scoundrelism prevailing everywhere among the prison guards and officials, (

Grant had put a halt to all prisoner exchanges.

identical letter to the editor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle entitled "What Stops the General Exchange of Prisoners

Grant had put a halt to all prisoner exchanges.

As I write, I have lying before me a little discarded note-book, filled with memoranda of things wanted

I use up one of these little books in a week.

flag has flaunted through more than a score of hot-contested battles, the 51st New York, Colonel Potter

Potter enlisted in the 51st New York Infantry in October 1861 and was promoted to colonel in September

In 1863, Potter was promoted to brigadier general, and he commanded troops at Vicksburg and Knoxville

Potter enlisted in the 51st New York Infantry in October 1861 and was promoted to colonel in September

In 1863, Potter was promoted to brigadier general, and he commanded troops at Vicksburg and Knoxville

Potter enlisted in the 51st New York Infantry in October 1861 and was promoted to colonel in September

In 1863, Potter was promoted to brigadier general, and he commanded troops at Vicksburg and Knoxville

W HITMAN has been heard from since by his relatives in Brooklyn, by letter written in a rebel prison

The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University also holds several manuscripts in Whitman's

The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University also holds several manuscripts in Whitman's

Potter enlisted in the 51st New York Infantry in October 1861 and was promoted to colonel in September

In 1863, Potter was promoted to brigadier general, and he commanded troops at Vicksburg and Knoxville

The British Prison Ships of 1776–83. Captives from Sea and Land. Patriotism—Scene in 1782.

readers with what was crowded out at that time—and also some additional incidents in the history of the Prison

transmit to posterity the cruelties practised practised on board the British Prison Ships."

We alluded in the first part of this article to the attempt of the prisoners at the Wallabout in 1782

This old Jersey held about 1000 prisoners at that time.

.; Two years before Benjamin Romaine's death, some citizens had petitioned to remove the prison ship

experiences aboard the Jersey were edited and published by Albert Greene as Recollections of the Jersey Prison-Ship

"Of Books and the Readings thereof" is a gossiping letter by "Paul Potter."

NEW BOOKS.

—The Boston Transcript appears to be a sort of puffing circular for the book publishers of that town.

was among those cut off on the extreme left at nightfall and captured; George Whitman was taken prisoner

For some of Whitman's prison correspondence, see his letters of October 2, 1864 and October 23, 1864

have had no word or knowledge of him until yesterday they received by the hands of an exchanged prisoner

George Whitman was transferred from Libby Prison to Danville sometime before October 23, 1864.

George Whitman's early letters to his mother from prison had not been received before this slip dated

.; George Whitman was taken prisoner on September 30, 1864, at Poplar Grove.

For some of Whitman's prison correspondence, see his letters of October 2, 1864 and October 23, 1864,

"; George Whitman was transferred from Libby Prison to Danville sometime before October 23, 1864.; George

Whitman's early letters to his mother from prison had not been received before this slip dated November

STATE PRISON OF SAN AUGUSTE, SAVILLE, June 20, 1858 To Mr.

After remaining in prison twenty one months they sentenced Mr.

Our government allowed these men to remain twenty-one months in a Spanish prison before they were brought

It is true that these citizens must rot in the prisons of Spain, because they have no rich friends to

the citizens of this Republic to be seized out of a vessel sailing under its flag, and cast into prison

disgrace to nature—after thus doing what the very wickedest criminal at Sing Sing Sing Sing was a prison

reach its capacity, and by the second half of the 19th century would become America’s most infamous prison

However, Sing Sing was not just a prison; it was also a factory run by a massive convict labor force.

The work force of over 1,500 labored daily producing goods from stoves to shoes, making Sing Sing prison

For more on Sing Sing prison, see: Lee Bernstein, "The Hudson River School of Incarceration: Sing Sing

.; Sing Sing was a prison located 32 miles north of New York City in the town of Ossining.

reach its capacity, and by the second half of the 19th century would become America’s most infamous prison

However, Sing Sing was not just a prison; it was also a factory run by a massive convict labor force.

The work force of over 1,500 labored daily producing goods from stoves to shoes, making Sing Sing prison

For more on Sing Sing prison, see: Lee Bernstein, "The Hudson River School of Incarceration: Sing Sing

From this place the company proceeded to Section 8, Farwell & Potter, contractors.

The Singer in the Prison

of war in Libby Prison, after an extended career of soldiering.

George Whitman was held at Libby Prison in Petersburg, Virginia, from the time of his capture on September

Hill. severe; was here taken prisoner; whole regiment captured.

—Incarcerated in Libby, Salisbury, and Danville military prisons; taken sick in latter; placed in prison

—On duty at Alexandria as commander of military prison, &c. August, 1865.

.; George Whitman was held at Libby Prison in Petersburg, Virginia, from the time of his capture on September

For some of George Whitman's prison correspondence, see his letters of October 2, 1864 and October 23

Far too much reliance is placed upon books, the ordinary class-books.

Surely some original life ought to be expected in teachers—and not that perpetual dependence on books—on

and joyous place, to be sought for with avidity—to be remembered with love—but a cheerless and cold prison

Speakers were invited—the Legislatures were memorialized—books and pamphlets were issued in great plenty

the popular taste, and upon criminal law, the doings of Courts and Juries, and the management of Prisons

The room is crowded with spectators, some of them witnesses, some friends of the prisoners; and the atmosphere

The prisoners, as they sit ranged in order before the Rhadamanthus on the bench, present every possible

the thousands who run about the streets, destitute, uncared for, and who are training for the State Prison

Rollins, and for the latter Messrs Farwell and Potter.

claims of our citizens who had become loathsome with diseases engendered in the foul atmosphere of her prisons

, without being brought to trial, imprisoned for imaginary crimes, and discharged only when the prison

How many of our citizens are lying in the prisons of the despots of Europe and Central and South America

It is unclear whether the Apprentices' Library also housed prisoners in the intervening period between

and has answered, the purposes for which it was built—namely, as the place of incarceration for prisoners

the internal and personal scenes and sights of the jail, with cases of marked interest among the prisoners

, and [an] idea of the method of securing, feeding and general treatment of the prisoners, we propose

It is unclear whether the Apprentices' Library also housed prisoners in the intervening period between

of Yankee Sullivan: Embracing Full and Accurate Reports of His Fights with Hammer Lane, Tom Secor, Harry

and Herbert Asbury, The Gangs of New York: An Informal History of The Underworld (New York: Vintage Books

and Herbert Asbury, The Gangs of New York: An Informal History of The Underworld (New York: Vintage Books

Health argues that tobacco smoking is injurious, because the forger Huntington weighs 15 lbs. more in prison

Morrissey, the homicide, has been committed to prison to await examination.

Arsenal is built, and for some distance west of it, were appropriated to a free city Burial Yard, or Potter's

Harris, of the Board of Education, and Alonso H. Gale, Esq.

Whether the prisoner had burglarious intentions will appear on examination.

A part of the bed clothes was consumed, and most of the pillow under his head—together with the book

If Tom, Dick or Harry may suspend the action of a law by swearing that they believe its operation will

Harris, whose dogmatic opinionatedness is a proverb in the Board of Education, persists in viewing the

—The Martyrs of the Prison ships. T HE old graveyards of Brooklyn!

A late paper alludes to the dead of the old Prison Ships—yet we must return to the subject again.

roughs," who were from time to time taken in battle by the British, and incarcerated in the celebrated Prison

The article that refers to the Wallabout prison ships is " Brooklyniana No. 5 " (January 4, 1862).

memorize a great and expensive display in 1808, when a portion of the dead relics of the martyrs of the Prison

"; The article that refers to the Wallabout prison ships is "Brooklyniana No. 5" (January 4, 1862).

own cities and states, were bound to no duties, nor by any moral law, without compact; and that prisoners

still another writ was sued out in that county where the Marshal and his eleven had carried their prisoners

preposterous than the indiscriminate presentation of tokens of esteem and gratitude to Tom, Dick, or Harry

on the whole profession, and encourage the opinion that a woman might as well marry the venerable Harry

were crowded with carts, trucks, and stages—a very different scene was that in the Centre-street prison

of the inhuman cruelties—the horrible atrocities—committed by the native miscreants on helpless prisoners

into the Legislature to provide the rites of sepulture for the American soldiers who perished on the prison

When interrogated, the prisoner gave his name as George Morris.

There they were, slaves for life—worse than that, prisoners for life.

It served as an encampment during the War of 1812 and the Civil War, acting as a temporary prison for

It served as an encampment during the War of 1812 and the Civil War, acting as a temporary prison for

of gory goblets, and with a burst of savage laughter flings the cup at the head of his trembling prisoner

Operatives in white lead manufactories, Lead miners, Paper Stainers, and Potters also have their health

Harris's supreme direction, of course).

to know anything of his antecedents, he would say that he followed the fortunes of the party led by Harry

better for us to gain character enough abroad to protect our citizens who are lying in their loathsome prisons

David Harris, landsman.